Alkali liquor is a highly corrosive alkaline chemical, which means that it can dissolve viscous substances such as fat, and has a high chemical reaction ability to other substances.Alkali solution is alkaline solution containing a large amount of hydroxyl radical.
Before modern lye production, people could only obtain it from raw materials.For thousands of years, human beings have been using lye to make soap and leather.They coke certain hardwoods at extremely high temperatures to produce white ash.Apple trees, oak trees and seaweed are ideal fuels.Then add water, and mix some baking soda into the ash to remove the lye they contain.When the gray matter is filtered out, the left water contains enough lye to dissolve the fat on the animal fur or mix with other ingredients to make soap.
In full bloom
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Because the ground glass plug is rough and has a large contact area,silicon dioxideReaction with alkali will produce silicate and water.Such as silica andsodium hydroxideThe reaction produces Na2SiO3, namely water glass, which is a viscous substance, causing the bottle stopper and the bottle mouth to stick together.andReagent bottleIt is smooth, the reaction area is small, and the reaction is slow. It takes a long time, so rubber stoppers should be used.[1]
computing method
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In terms of common alkalis such as "KOH" or "NaOH", the former can be soluble in water, while the latter can be soluble in water and ethanol, neither of which is soluble intolueneorIsopropanol。In industrial production, their concentrations are generally expressed by mass percentage or mass/volume percentage, such as how many kilograms of "KOH" or "NaOH" are contained in 100 kilograms of lye;How many kilograms of "KOH" or "NaOH" is contained in 100 liters of lye.There are also:Normality, molar concentration, etc.
harm
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instructions
Chemical suppliers provide lye to produce various products, such as cloth, paper, soap, washing powder, swimming pool cleaning supplies and metalPolishing materialEtc.As many household products are toxic products, be careful when using lye.For example, lye basedPolishing agentClean silver, because even the unpleasant smell is dangerous.In addition, do not use lye in an environment with poor air circulationPaint remover。
matters needing attention
Lye products can cause damage to the surface of objects.It can dissolve some substances, such as shower head, hairpin and shower curtain.In fact, lye can damage and corrode coatings, metals, fabrics, plastics, and skin.Solid alkali liquor has strong chemical reaction ability, so it should be kept away from aluminum and other metals.It is usually nonflammable when dry, but may ignite when mixed with water and cause fire.
The lye used for degreasing has strong adhesiveness and corrosiveness to human skin and clothes.Attention shall be paid to:
1. The temperature of alkali liquor is generally not more than 80 ℃ (except for blueing alkali liquor) to prevent alkali gas from escaping.
2. The parts shall be taken out of the alkali tank slowly to prevent the alkali from splashing out.
3. Wear protective clothing when preparing lye.
4. Female comrades shall wear protective helmets during operation to prevent accidents caused by hair covering eyes.
5. When the lye adheres to the skin, it should be immediately washed with warm boiled water, then washed with 1% acetic acid solution, and then washed with cold water, and finally coated with glycerin and vaseline to protect the skin.In case of splashing into eyes, immediately use water ornormal salineRinse for 15 minutes.Send to hospital for treatment in serious cases.[2]
