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Zirconium sulfate

chemical substances

This entry is made by Compilation and application of scientific encyclopedia entries of "Science Popularization China" to examine.

Zirconium sulfate is the sulfate of zirconium, with the molecular formula Zr (SO four ) two And the molecular weight is 283.35.

It is white crystalline powder with irritation. Mainly used as Protein precipitation Agent, white leather, wrinkled leather and other leather tanning agent 。 It can also be used as catalyst Antiwear agent 。

Chinese name: Zirconium sulfate
Foreign name: Zirconium sulphate
chemical formula: Zr(SO4)2
molecular weight: two hundred and eighty-three point three five
CAS login number: 14644-61-2

EINECS login number: 238-694-4
Melting point: 310 ℃
Water solubility: Easily soluble in water, the aqueous solution is acidic
Density: three point two two
Appearance: White powder
UN dangerous goods number: UN 3264 8/PG 3

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Physicochemical properties

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White crystalline powder or crystalline solid. yes Hygroscopicity 。 When heated to 100 ℃, it turns into one molecule Crystal water At 380 ℃ Anhydrous substance 。 Easily soluble in water (18 ℃ water solubility 52g/100g), Slightly soluble to ethanol , insoluble in Hydrocarbons The aqueous solution is acidic to litmus. The relative density is 3.22 (water=1, 16 ℃), and the melting point is 410 ℃ (no water, decomposition). The aqueous solution has 4ZrO after long standing at room temperature two ·3SO three ·15H two O Precipitation Precipitation The thinner the solution is, the easier it will precipitate. Low toxicity, Median lethal dose 3500mg/kg (rat, oral), irritant.^[1]

synthetic method

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1. Eutectic method Zircon 、 Soda ash 、 sulphuric acid Prepare zirconium sulfate as raw material:

Crushed zircon concentrate and sodium carbonate Mix in proportion, put it into the roasting furnace, and react at 1100~1200 ℃ to generate Sodium zirconate and Sodium silicate The calcined clinker is washed with 60 ℃ warm water, washed off excess alkali, filtered, dissolved with sulfuric acid at 80~100 ℃, evaporated, concentrated or supplemented with concentrated sulfuric acid, crystallized, filtered and separated, and dried and dehydrated at 180 ℃.

2. 1 copy concentrated sulfuric acid Add to 2 copies Zirconium tetrachloride Dense white crystals can be generated in the concentrated aqueous solution of. In order to reduce the iron content to a very low level, it can be recrystallized in the presence of 10% hydrochloric acid. Then transfer the sediment to the glass Sand core funnel Wash several times with the washing solution composed of 75 parts of water, 20 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid and 5 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Finally, use acetone Wash it.^[1]

purpose

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catalyzer Carrier. Amino acids and proteins Precipitant 。 For cod liver oil Decolorizing agent , precipitated and separated amino acids (such as glutamate ）Etc; Used for white leather tanning It can make leather surface delicate, rich and elastic, and can be used as lubricant Catalyst carrier Etc.

be used for Chrome tanned leather Of Retanning 。 And sulfone bridge type Synthetic tanning agent Coordinative substitution Tannin extract Tanned shoe lining leather, furniture leather, Sole leather The finished product has fine pores, plump and elastic. It has good filling and wear resistance.^[1]

Hazard Overview

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Health hazard: Inhalation and ingestion are harmful to the body. have Irritant effect 。 At present, there is no report of zirconium poisoning in industry.

Environmental hazard: It may be harmful to the environment and cause pollution to water bodies.

Flammability hazard: This product is incombustible and irritant.^[1]

emergency measure

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First aid measures

Skin contact: Take off contaminated clothes and wash with flowing water.

Eye contact: lift Eyelid , use flowing water or normal saline rinse. Get medical attention.

Inhalation: quickly leave the site to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. as dyspnea , for Oxygen transfusion 。 as Apnea , proceed immediately Artificial respiration 。 Get medical attention.

Ingestion: drink enough warm water to induce vomiting. Get medical attention.

Fire fighting measures

Hazard characteristics: it cannot burn itself. Toxic gas is released due to high thermal decomposition.

Hazardous combustion products: sulfur oxide.

Fire extinguishing method: firefighters must wear full body fire protection Antivirus clothing , put out the fire upwind. When putting out a fire, try to move the container from the fire site to an open place. Then select appropriate extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire according to the cause of fire.

Leakage emergency treatment

Emergency treatment: isolate the leakage contaminated area and restrict access. It is recommended that emergency handling personnel wear Anti-dust masks Wear general work clothes. Do not touch the leakage directly. Small amount of leakage: avoid raising dust, carefully sweep, collect and transport to waste disposal site for disposal. Large amount of leakage: collect and recycle or transport to waste disposal site for disposal.^[2]

Handling and storage

Operation precautions: closed operation, local exhaust. Prevent dust from releasing into the workshop air. Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures. Recommended for operators Self suction filtering dust mask , Dai Chemical Safety goggles , wear anti poison penetration work clothes Rubber gloves 。 Avoid dust generation. Avoid contact with oxidants and alkalis. Provide leakage emergency treatment equipment. Empty containers may leave harmful substances.

Precautions for storage: store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Keep away from kindling and heat sources. Protect from direct sunlight. Packing and sealing. It shall be stored separately from oxidants and alkalis, and mixed storage is strictly prohibited. The storage area shall be equipped with appropriate materials to contain leakage.^[3]

Exposure control and personal protection

Occupational exposure limit

China MAC (mg/m three ）：5

Former Soviet Union MAC (mg/m three ）: No standard

TLVTN：5mg（Zr）/m three

TLVWN：10mg（Zr）/m three

Monitoring method: Xylenol orange colorimetry

Engineering control: closed operation, local exhaust.

Respiratory system protection: in the air dust concentration Must be worn when exceeding the standard Self suction filtering dust mask 。 It should be worn during emergency rescue or evacuation Air respirator 。

Eye protection: wear chemical Safety goggles 。

Body protection: wear work clothes to prevent poison penetration.

Hand protection: wear Rubber gloves 。

Other protection: smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited in the workplace, and hands should be washed before meals. After work, take a shower and change clothes. Keep good hygiene habits.^[2]

Waste disposal

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Waste disposal method: Carefully add water or dilute acid to make a 5% solution, and control the heat release or smoke by controlling the adding and cooling speed. Gradually add dilute Ammonium hydroxide To pH=10. If no precipitation occurs, adjust to pH=6 precipitation occurs. The filtered solids are buried.

Transport information

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Precautions for transportation: the package shall be complete and the loading shall be safe when starting transportation. Transportation process The container shall not leak, collapse, fall or be damaged. It is strictly prohibited to mix with oxidants, alkalis, edible chemicals, etc. During transportation, it shall be protected from sun exposure, rain and high temperature. Thoroughly clean the vehicle after transportation. road transport When driving, follow the specified route.

Regulatory information

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Regulations Information Regulations on the Safety Management of Dangerous Chemicals (issued by the State Council on February 17, 1987), Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations on the Safety Management of Dangerous Chemicals (HLF [1992] No. 677), Regulations on the Safe Use of Chemicals in the Workplace (LBF [1996] No. 423) and other regulations, aiming at the safe use, production, storage, transportation Relevant provisions have been made in terms of loading and unloading.^[2]