Aluminum sulfate is a kind ofinorganic compound，chemical formulaIs Altwo(SOfour)three, molecular weight is 342.15, which is white crystalline powder.
In the paper industry asRosin gum, wax emulsion, etcPrecipitant, working in water treatmentflocculant , can also be used asFoam extinguisherOfRetention agent, Manufacturingalum, aluminum white raw materials, oil decolorization, deodorant, pharmaceutical raw materials, etc., can also be manufacturedArtificial gemAnd advancedAmmonium alum。
Solubility: soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol
Relationship between solubility of aluminum sulfate in water and temperature
Temperature (℃)
Solubility (g)
zero
thirty-one point two
ten
thirty-three point five
twenty
thirty-six point five
thirty
forty point four
forty
forty-five point seven
fifty
fifty-two point two
sixty
fifty-nine point two
seventy
sixty-six point two
eighty
seventy-three point one
ninety
eighty-six point eight
one hundred
eighty-nine
Calculate chemical data
Announce
edit
1. Reference value for drainage parameter calculation (XlogP): None
2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 0[4]
3. Number of hydrogen bond receptors: 8[4]
4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0[4]
5. Topological molecule polar surface area (TPSA): 161[4]
6. Number of heavy atoms: 12[4]
7. Surface charge: 0[4]
8. Complexity: 62.2[4]
9. Number of isotope atoms: 0[4]
10. Determine the number of atomic structure centers: 0[4]
11. Number of uncertain atomic structure centers: 0[4]
12. Determine the number of chemical bond structure centers: 0[4]
13. Number of uncertain chemical bond structure centers: 0[4]
14. Number of covalent bond units: 4[1]
Distribution of mineral resources
Announce
edit
Alunite, a widely distributed rock forming sulfate mineral, is called ettringite orSodium alunite, sometimes a small amount of Fe3+Replace Al3+。Volcanic rocks, such as rhyolite, trachyte and andesite, occur as sacs or thin layers, which are believed to be formed by chemical reaction between these rocks and escaping sulfur vapor.Alunite is an alteration product of intermediate acid volcanic eruption rocks generated by low-temperature hydrothermal process.There are a lot of Cretaceous volcanic rocks in Cangnan, Zhejiang, Anhui and Fuding, Fujian.Large deposits are located near Beregovo in Ukraine, Almeria in Spain and Bradra in New South Wales, Australia.
Alunite ore is one of the important dominant minerals in Zhejiang Province.The proven resource reserves account for 53% of the total in China, ranking first in China, mainly distributed in Cangnan, Pingyang and Rui'an, and Xiaoshan and Yinxian also have ore producing areas.
There are 10 proven mineral reserves in Zhejiang Province, of which 4 are large deposits, including Jilong Mountain, Shuiwei Mountain, Rui'an Xianyan and Xiaoshan Yanshan in Fanshan, Cangnan;Dagang Mountain, Rui'an Pingyangkeng and Yinxian Fenghuang Mountain in Cangnan Fanshan are medium-sized deposits.Alunite reserves are 91.04 million tons (about 225 million tons of ore).
Preparation method
Announce
edit
It is prepared by pressure reaction of bauxite and sulfuric acid, or decomposed by sulfuric acidAlunite、kaolinAnd alumina containing silicon raw materials.
The bauxite is crushed to a certain particle size by the sulfuric acid method, and then added to a reaction kettle to react with sulfuric acid. The reaction solution is settled, and the clarified solution is added to sulfuric acid to neutralize to neutral or slightly alkaline, and then concentrated to about 115 ℃. After cooling and solidification, the finished product is crushed.[3]
Chemical reaction equation:
Main purpose
Announce
edit
1. In the paper industry, it is used as a paper sizing agent to enhance the water resistance and seepage resistance of paper;
2. Soluble in water can make fine particles and natural colloidal particles in water condense into large flocs, which can be removed from water, so it is used for water supply and waste watercoagulant；
3. It is used as a purifying agent for turbid water and also as aPrecipitant、Fixing agent、FillerEtc.Used as raw material of anti sweat cosmetics in cosmetics（Astringent）；
6. Stabilizers for albumin pasteurization (including liquid or frozen whole eggs, albumen or yolk);
7. It can be used as raw material to produce artificial gemstones, high-grade ammonium alum and other aluminates;
8. In the fuel industry, it is used as a precipitator in the production of chrome yellow and lake dyes, as well as as a fixing and filling agent.
9. It can be used as an effective crosslinking agent of animal glue and can improve the viscosity of animal glue.It is also used as the curing agent of urea formaldehyde adhesive, and the curing speed of 20% aqueous solution is fast.
matters needing attention
Announce
edit
Flammability hazard: This product is incombustible and irritant.[2]
Health hazard: it has certain irritation to eyes and mucous membranes.Taking a large amount of aluminum sulfate by mistake may cause irritation to the mouth and stomach.
Ecological data: Generally, it is slightly harmful to water bodies. Do not contact undiluted or large quantities of products with groundwater, waterways or sewage systems. Do not discharge materials into the surrounding environment without government permission.[1]
Skin contact: Take off contaminated clothes and wash with flowing water.
Eye contact: Lift the eyelid and flush with flowing water or physiological saline.Get medical attention.
Inhalation: leave the site to fresh air.If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.Get medical attention.
Ingestion: drink enough warm water to induce vomiting.Get medical attention.[2]
Hazard characteristics: no special combustion and explosion characteristics.Toxic sulfide fume is generated due to high thermal decomposition.
Hazardous combustion products: Natural decomposition products are unknown.
Extinguishing method: firefighters must wear full body fire and gas protective clothing and extinguish the fire upwind.When putting out a fire, try to move the container from the fire site to an open place.[2]
Emergency treatment: isolate the leakage contaminated area and restrict access.It is recommended that emergency personnel wear dust masks (full face masks) and gas suits.Collect with a clean shovel in a dry, clean, covered container and transfer to a safe place.In case of large leakage, collect and recycle or transport to waste disposal site for disposal.[2]
Operation precautions: closed operation, local exhaust.Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures.It is recommended that operators wear self-priming filter type dust mask, chemical safety goggles, anti poison penetration work clothes and rubber gloves.Avoid dust generation.Avoid contact with oxidants.Handle with care to prevent package damage.Provide leakage emergency treatment equipment.Empty containers may leave harmful substances.
Precautions for storage: store in a cool and ventilated warehouse.Keep away from kindling and heat sources.It shall be stored separately from oxidant and shall not be mixed.The storage area shall be equipped with appropriate materials to contain leakage.[2]
Storage and transportation: the package shall be complete and the loading shall be stable when starting transportation.During transportation, the container shall not leak, collapse, fall or be damaged.It is strictly prohibited to mix with oxidants, edible chemicals, etc.During transportation, it shall be protected from sun exposure, rain and high temperature.Thoroughly clean the vehicle after transportation.
