Research University

Universities that put research first

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Research University refers to a university that provides a comprehensive degree program, puts research first, and devotes itself to high-level talent training and scientific research and development (i.e., on campus graduate student Quantity vs undergraduate A large proportion of universities or graduate students have the same number).

Due to the different classification standards of universities in different countries. Their type titles are also different. The common classifications in China are research universities Research and teaching university 、 Teaching and research universities 、 Teaching University 、 Applied University 、 College And other six categories, and research universities have knowledge in China Innovation system It plays a key role in^[1] 。

Chinese name: Research University
Foreign name: Research universities

School characteristics: Research institutions 、 research university 、 Research institutions of higher learning
competent department: ministry of education 、 Department of Education , Education Committee Chinese Academy of Sciences

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▪ U.S.A
▪ Japan

Historical evolution

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The first research university in the world is The Johns Hopkins University 。 The United States absorbed the educational philosophy of British universities and the academic spirit of German universities, and founded Johns Hopkins University. Johns Hopkins University attaches great importance to scientific research, establishes a graduate school, vigorously develops graduate education, cultivates a large number of talents with high scientific research literacy and innovative ability, attracts world-class scholars and excellent students, and gradually establishes its position as the center of world higher education.^[6]

Evaluation criteria

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stay technological innovation In terms of research universities, as the highest level talents training and the latest Cutting-edge technology The R&D center is based on teaching and scientific research and development, with high quality of talents and academic output. Outstanding alumni are the two core criteria for judging research universities; To become a research university, two conditions must be met: one is to cultivate and bring up high-level research-type professionals The second is to produce high-level academic research results and have excellent teaching staff, both of which are indispensable.

In terms of talent training, research universities are responsible for training National economy social development High quality and excellence urgently needed Professional and technical personnel And high-level outstanding talents to promote social and economic development.

stay scientific research In terms of countries and regions Scientific and technological innovation Power source 、 Knowledge innovation And the leader of technological innovation, the smart station of teaching, research, production integration and collaborative innovation regional economies , science, technology, culture and other competitive advantages have a decisive impact.^[2]

Relevant definitions

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At first, the definition of research universities was: "scientific research should be ranked among the top 10 universities in China; or Postgraduate innovation environment It is higher than the average level of research universities, and no less than 100 people are awarded doctoral degrees every year. " Later, it was revised as "The innovation environment of graduate students is higher than the average level of research universities, and the number of doctoral degrees awarded each year is not less than 100."

according to Wu Shulian Published on《 Science of Science and Management of Science and Technology 》In 2001 Evaluation of Graduate School of China University and 2002 Evaluation of Graduate School of China University published in the magazine, the calculation formula of graduate innovation environment is:

"Postgraduate innovation environment=(scientific research scores of all doctoral and master programs of the evaluated university/all evaluated University Doctor The scientific research score of the university and the master's degree)/(the graduate student score of the evaluated university calculated by the number of graduates/the graduate student score of all evaluated universities calculated by the number of graduates) ". Each doctoral student is equivalent to 2.5 master students.

Innovation environment It is to evaluate the average possession of graduate students in each university Scientific research achievements Quantitative index, which is used to evaluate the average quality of graduate students in various universities. The higher the innovation environment of the school, the higher the average quality of the graduate students trained, and the more worthy of applying for the examination. In 2009, there were 37 research universities in China. The average innovation environment of 37 research universities is listed as 1. Those whose innovation environment is higher than or equal to 1 are classified as research type 1, and the rest are classified as research type 2.

graduate school

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Research universities generally have graduate schools. The Graduate School is an important base for cultivating high-level talents in China, representing China Postgraduate education The highest level of graduate education in China plays an important role in the development of graduate education. The graduate school system has effectively promoted China's First class university And the construction and development of research universities have improved the overall level of graduate education in China and promoted Scientific and technological innovation system Construction and development.^[5]

University List

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Mainland China

No order
S/N	Name of institution	Province
one	Peking University	Beijing
two	Tsinghua University	Beijing
three	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences	Beijing
four	University of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences	Beijing
five	Renmin University of China	Beijing
six	Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics	Beijing
seven	Beijing University of Technology	Beijing
eight	Beijing University of Science and Technology	Beijing
nine	China Agricultural University	Beijing
ten	Peking Union Medical College	Beijing
eleven	Beijing Normal University	Beijing
twelve	Nankai University	Tianjin
thirteen	Tianjin University	Tianjin
fourteen	Dalian University of Technology	Liaoning Province
fifteen	Northeastern University	Liaoning Province
sixteen	Jilin University	Jilin Province
seventeen	Harbin Institute of Technology	Heilongjiang Province
eighteen	Harbin Engineering University	Heilongjiang Province
nineteen	Fudan University	Shanghai
twenty	Tongji University	Shanghai
twenty-one	Shanghai Jiaotong University	Shanghai
twenty-two	East China Normal University	Shanghai
twenty-three	Nanjing University	Jiangsu Province
twenty-four	Southeast University	Jiangsu Province
twenty-five	Zhejiang University	Zhejiang Province
twenty-six	University of Science and Technology of China	Anhui Province
twenty-seven	Xiamen University	Fujian Province
twenty-eight	WuHan University	Hubei province
twenty-nine	Huazhong University of Science and Technology	Hubei province
thirty	National University of Defense Technology	Hunan Province
thirty-one	South China University of Technology	Guangdong Province
thirty-two	Sun Yat-sen University	Guangdong Province
thirty-three	Xi'an Jiaotong University	Shaanxi Province
thirty-four	Northwestern Polytechnical University	Shaanxi Province
thirty-five	Beijing Jiaotong University	Beijing
thirty-six	Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications	Beijing
thirty-seven	Beijing Forestry University	Beijing
thirty-eight	Northeast Normal University	Jilin Province
thirty-nine	East China University of Science and Technology	Shanghai
forty	Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics	Jiangsu Province
forty-one	Nanjing University of Technology	Jiangsu Province
forty-two	China University of Mining and Technology	Jiangsu Province
forty-three	Nanjing Agricultural University	Jiangsu Province
forty-four	Shandong University	Shandong Province
forty-five	China University of Petroleum (East China)	Shandong Province
forty-six	Hunan University	Hunan Province
forty-seven	Central South University	Hunan Province
forty-eight	China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)	Hubei province
forty-nine	Sichuan University	Sichuan Province
fifty	Chongqing University	Chongqing City
fifty-one	Southwest Jiaotong University	Sichuan Province
fifty-two	University of Electronic Science and Technology	Sichuan Province
fifty-three	Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology	Shaanxi Province
fifty-four	Lanzhou University	Gansu Province
fifty-five	PLA Naval Medical University	Shanghai
fifty-six	PLA Air Force Military Medical University	Shaanxi Province
fifty-seven	Hohai University	Jiangsu Province
fifty-eight	Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University	Shaanxi Province
fifty-nine	China University of Geosciences (Beijing)	Beijing
sixty	China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing)	Beijing
sixty-one	China University of Petroleum (Beijing)	Beijing
The above settings are approved (not reported) graduate school 61 universities
sixty-two	Southern University of Science and Technology	Guangdong Province
sixty-three	Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University	Jiangsu Province