Quartz stone, commonly referred to as quartz stone, is a kind ofquartz crystaladdresinAnd otherstrace elementA new type of artificial synthesisStone。It is a large-sized plate pressed by a special machine under certain physical and chemical conditions. Its main materials arequartz。
Quartz is a kind of mineral that is easy to become liquid under heat or pressure.It is also quite commonRock forming mineralIt is found in all three types of rocks.Because it'signeous rockincrystalAt the latest, there is usually no complete crystal plane, and most of them are filled in the middle of other pre crystallized rock forming minerals.
Chinese name
quartz
Category
building material
Main components
Quartz, resin, curing agent
Purpose
Cupboards and countertops
Advantages
High hardness, corrosion resistance, easy cleaning, no radiation
The composition of quartz is the simplestsilicon dioxide, glass luster, noCleavage plane, but withConchoidal fracture。Microcrystalline quartz is called chalcedony, agate or jasper.Pure quartz is colorless, but it often containsTransitional elementAnd different colors.Quartz is very stable and not easy to be weathered or changed into other minerals.According to the degree of SiO2 crystallization, it can be divided into phanerocrystalline single crystal quartz and polycrystalline quartzite jade.Gloss: glass luster.Color: None, white, with gray, yellow to orange, purple, deep purple, pink, grayish brown, brown, black.Streaks: White.Specific gravity: 2.65~2.66.Category: metamorphic rock, metamorphosed from sandstone.When a crystal contains a large number of fibrous inclusions arranged in parallel, its arc-shaped gem surface can displayCat's eye effectGenerally, the curved surface of quartz cat's eye is high, and the fibrous inclusion is clearly visible.
Formation process
During the intrusion and evolution of magma, due to the change of temperature, pressure and other conditions, it differentiated into SiO richtwoThe hydrothermal fluid from the reservoir penetrates into the metamorphic rock series of surrounding rocks along bedding and fissures, or intrudes along the contact fracture zone of early magmatic rocks, forming vein quartzite orebodies.
Substance classification
Quartz type:Powdered quartz, green quartz, white quartz, yellow quartz.
(3) Refractive index 1.533~1.541,BirefringenceDifference 0.009, dispersion 0.013.
(4) Quartz has a strong piezoelectric property, that is, it will produce sparks when it is hard knocked and rubbed, which is also the method of making flint fire.
(5) Common inclusions in quartz include:hair crystal(Hair crystal) - mainlyrutile。Grass into crystal - mainly tourmaline;Hydrobilite quartz contains liquid inclusions;Green quartz - containing light blue rutile needle;Lactoquartz- Turbidity caused by fine water holes;Green quartz - composed of plate or fragmentChloriteSometimes it may be green needle like actinolite;Aventurine -quartziteThe interior contains green or reddish brown mica flakes, also known as corundum quartz, commonly known as Dongling stone.Common smoke black to dark brownSmoky crystal, mainly because these rocks contain a large amount ofradioactivityRelationship between uranium and thorium[1]。
Material characteristics
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Not easy to be damaged
The quartz content of quartz stone is up to 94%,quartz crystalIt is a natural mineral whose hardness is second only to diamond in naturesurface hardness Up toMohs hardness7.5, which is much larger than the sharp tools used in the kitchen, such as knives and shovels, and will not be scratched by them.
Not easy to pollute
Quartz stone is a compact and non porous composite material manufactured under vacuum conditions. Its quartz surface has good corrosion resistance to the acid and alkali in the kitchen. Liquid substances used daily will not penetrate into its interior. The liquid placed on the surface for a long time only needs to be wiped off with clean water or clean and bright detergent with a rag. If necessary, the residue on the surface can be scraped off with a blade.
Not easy to age
The shiny and bright surface of quartz stone is subject to more than 30 complex polishing processes, which will not be scratched by the blade, penetrated by liquid substances, and will not cause yellowing and discoloration. Daily cleaning is simple and easy, just wash with clean water.Even after a long time of use, its surface is as bright as the newly installed table, requiring no maintenance.
Strong fire resistance
Natural quartz crystal is a typical refractory, with a melting point of more than 1300 ℃, 94%Natural stoneQuartzite made in English is completely flame retardant and will not burn due to contact with high temperature. It also hasartificial stoneIt has incomparable high temperature resistance characteristics.
Non toxic and harmless
The surface of quartz stone is smooth, flat and free of scratches. The dense and non porous material structure makes it impossible for bacteria to hide and can directly contact with food, which is safe and non-toxic.
High quality quartz adopts selected natural quartz crystal minerals, whose SiO2 content exceeds 99.9% and is purified during manufacturing. The raw materials do not contain any heavy metal impurities that may cause radiation, 94% of quartz crystals and otherResin additiveSo that there is no risk of radiation pollution[2]。
Variety identification
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Amethyst: a kind of purple crystal, which is SiOtwoIrradiated, ferricElectron shellOne of the paired electrons in the is excited to produce a hole color. The hole is mainly produced and absorbed at 550nm of visible light, which causes the crystal to produce purple. However, Fe3O4 is unstable, and it is easy to become ferric iron when heated, so the amethyst is easy to fade. The color distribution of the amethyst is often uneven, in the form of clusters and sometimes parallel bands.It has weak to medium dichroism, and may appear all inclusions in the crystal, as well as characteristic "zebra pattern" and globular and small drop opaque dark inclusions.
Topaz: a kind of yellow crystal with trace iron in its composition.Topaz is generally transparent, and its internal characteristics are the same as that of amethyst. Most of the topaz on the market is made by heating amethyst.
Green crystal: a kind of green crystal, rarely produced naturally, mainly obtained by heating amethyst;Or the crystal is colored by the inclusion of green minerals (such as chlorite).
ross quartz: Also known as rose quartz, light to medium pink crystal, with a light tone, it is colored due to the trace of Mn and Ti in the composition. There are few single crystals, which are usually dense massive aggregates, showing a turbid emulsion appearance. Sometimes it can contain needle shaped rutile inclusions arranged in a directional manner, so it can show starlight when grinded into arc-shaped gemstones.
Bicolor crystal: a kind of crystal in which purple and yellow coexist. Purple and yellow respectively occupy a part of the crystal block. The junction of two colors has a clear boundary. The bicolor is due to theBicrystalAs a result, purple and yellow are respectively developed on the r and z planes of the twin monomer.
Starlight crystal: when the crystal contains more than two groups of needle shaped and fibrous inclusions arranged in a directional manner, the arc-shaped surface of the gem can show the starlight effect, generally six or four starlights.
Dongling stone: It is a kind of quartzite with the effect of sandstone. The green Dongling stone containing chrome mica is common in the market. It is slightly transparent under the microscope and is mainly produced in India.The quartz particles are relatively thick, 0.1-0.6mm, and the schistose minerals contained in them are relatively large and roughly oriented.Charles filterThe lower part is reddish brown.
Miyu: It is named after its origin in Miyian County, Henan Province. It is a kind of dense quartzite containing 3-5% fine scaly sericite, mainly in green series, including light green, emerald green, bean green, etc.Compared with Dongling stone, Miyu is more delicate and dense. The size of quartz particles in Miyu is mainly 0.02~0.25mm, without obvious placer effect. When magnified for inspection, it can be seen that the fine green mica is more evenly distributed in a network.
Guicui: It is named for its green color, which is produced in Guizhou ProvincekaoliniteFine grained quartzite with uneven gray tone is generally used as low-grade jewelry.
Beijing white jade: It was originally produced in the suburbs of Beijing, and it is a kind of fine and glossy white quartzite. It is sometimes used to pretend to be white white jade made of tallow, and is distinguished by its low density and refractive index.
Chalcedony: ultramicroscopic cryptocrystalline quartz aggregate, single crystal is fibrous, and intergranular micropores are filled with water and bubbles, the density is lower than quartz, about 2.60g/cmthree。Because the chalcedony is porous, it is easy to dye. The common bright colored chalcedony in the market is dyed.It is worth mentioning that the color of dyed chalcedony is relatively stable, and it is also a low-grade jade. The national standard stipulates that it is optimized, so no explanation is needed.
Agate: a chalcedony with a ring-shaped structure. The center of the ring-shaped structure is sometimes empty, sometimes filled with crystal. The most common natural colors of agate are white and gray, and yellow brown, brown red, blue, lavender, etc. can also appear.The basic properties of agate are the same as that of chalcedony. According to the characteristics of inclusions, the following special varieties are distributed in color.
Moss Agate : It is a homogeneous, translucent chalcedony containing dendritic green chlorite or black manganese oxide and red iron oxide.The wrapped impurities are often mossy, and are generally used as ornamental stones, also calledpicture stones , YesagateThe valuable variety in.
Onyx: also called striped agate, is an agate with relatively simple color and relatively straight stripes.It is usually used for stone carvings and reliefs. Common agates can have black stripes or red and white stripes. When the stripes of onyx are as thin as silk, it is calledSilk agate。
Water bile agate: It is a kind of product with gas-liquid inclusions visible to the naked eye, and the gas-liquid inclusions will move when the agate is rotated.
Jasper: It is a kind of chalcedony with many impurities. The most important impurity is iron oxide, so jasper is usually red, but some are green, dark blue or black because of other impurities.Jasper is opaque and has a dim luster. It is a strip of different colors, and the color blocks complement each other, just like a beautiful natural landscape;A dark green jasper with red spots on it is calledBlood drop stone。
Australian jade: It is a kind of green chalcedony. It is green because of the trace nickel. The color is uniform, transparent to translucent, and it is mainly produced in Australia.
Main purpose
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The main material of quartzite is quartz. The combination of rich colors makes itNatural stoneThe texture and beautiful surface gloss.Quartz stone countertopWith various colors, the Gobi series, crystal series, stone series, and flash star series are more distinctive, and can be widely used in public buildings (hotels, restaurants, banks, hospitals, exhibitions, laboratories, etc.) and home decoration (kitchen countertops, washstands, kitchen and bathroom walls, tables, tea tables, windowsills, door jambs, etc.). It is a non radioactive pollution, reusable environmental protectionNew green buildingsInterior decoration materials。 It should be pointed out that the quality of quartzite is directly related to the content of resin.The higher the content of quartz in quartzite, the lower the resin content, the better the quality, the closer to nature, and the less easily deformed.Experts pointed out that when the content of resin in quartz stone is more than 10%, its corresponding technical indicators will decline accordingly. At this time, quartz stone can no longer be called real quartz stone[3]。
