Petroleum ether

Light petroleum products

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Petroleum ether, a light petroleum products , is low relative molecular mass Of hydrocarbons (mainly Pentane and hexane ）It is a colorless transparent liquid with kerosene smell. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol , benzene chloroform , oil, etc Organic solvent 。 Mainly used as solvent and grease treatment, but easy to volatilize and ignite. laboratory column chromatography Petroleum ether is commonly used（ PE ）And ethyl acetate （ EA ）Do Eluent 。 Petroleum ether is not equal to gasoline At the same time, there is no ether bond (C-O-C) in its structure.

Chinese name: Petroleum ether
Foreign name: Petroleum ether
Alias: Petroleum essence
chemical formula: C five H 12， C six H 14， C seven H sixteen etc.
CAS login number: 8032-32-4
EINECS login number: 309-852-0

Water solubility: Insoluble
Density: 0.64～0.66
Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid with kerosene smell.
Application: Organic solvent
Security description: S16；S29；S33；S9
Hazard symbol: F
Hazard description: R11

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seven Handling and storage

Physical and chemical properties

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Main ingredients: Pentane , hexane

Density: 0.64~0.66g/cm three

Upper explosive limit （ V / V ）：8.7%

Lower explosive limit （ V / V ）：1.1%

Pilot temperature ：280℃

Appearance: colorless transparent liquid with kerosene smell

Solubility : insoluble in water, soluble in Anhydrous ethanol , benzene chloroform , oil, etc Organic solvent 。

volatility : Volatile

Polarity: 0.01, belonging to weak polar organic solvent, often stronger than other solvents Polar solvent (e.g ethyl acetate ）Mixed as thin-layer chromatography Developing agent

purpose

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Mainly used as solvent chromatographic analysis Solvent and oil extractant can also be used for organic synthesis and chemical raw materials.

danger

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toxicology Data: LD fifty : 40mg/kg (mouse vein); LC fifty : 3400ppm 4h（ Rat Inhalation).

Chronic toxicity : Rats inhaled 2.76g/m three /Days, 230 days, less nocturnal activities, Reticuloendothelial system Mild abnormal reaction, Peripheral nerve yes myelin sheath Degenerative change ， axon Mild change Gastrocnemius muscle muscle fibers Slight atrophy. It is also found in the human body cumulation , for Nerve agent 。

Health hazard: its vapor or fog is harmful to eyes, mucous membranes and respiratory tract Irritating. The symptoms of poisoning may be burning cough 、 Wheezing 、 Laryngitis 、 Shortness of breath 、 headache 、 Nausea and vomiting 。 This product can cause Peripheral neuritis 。 It is strongly irritating to the skin.

Environmental hazards : It is harmful to the environment and can cause pollution to water, soil and atmosphere.

Flammability hazard: the product is flammable and highly irritating.

First aid measures

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Skin contact: Take off contaminated clothes immediately, and wash skin thoroughly with soapy water and clean water. Get medical attention.

Eye contact: immediately lift the eyelids and use plenty of flowing water or normal saline Thoroughly flush for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention.

Inhalation: quickly leave the site to a place with fresh air. keep respiratory tract unobstructed. as dyspnea , give oxygen. as Apnea , perform artificial respiration immediately. Get medical attention.

Ingestion: Rinse with water and drink milk or egg white. Get medical attention.

Fire fighting measures

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Harmful Combustion products ： carbon monoxide 、 carbon dioxide 。

Fire extinguishing method: Water spray cooling If possible, move the container from the fire site to an open place. If the container in the fire site has changed color or is safe Pressure relief device If there is a sound in the air, evacuate immediately.

Extinguishing agent: foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand. Fire extinguishing with water is invalid.

Leakage emergency treatment

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Evacuate the personnel in the leakage contaminated area to a safe area quickly, isolate them, and strictly restrict access. Cut off the ignition source. proposal Emergency Management Personnel shall wear self-contained positive pressure respirators Antistatic clothing 。 Cut off the leakage source as much as possible. Prevent inflow sewer 、 Flood discharge ditch And so on.

Small leakage: use Activated carbon Or others Inert material Absorption. Incombustibility can also be used dispersant Brushing with the prepared emulsion, Lotion After dilution, it is put into the waste water system.

Large amount of leakage: build a dike or dig a pit to receive. Cover with foam to reduce steam disaster. Transfer to tank car or special purpose with explosion-proof pump collector Inside, recycle or transport to waste disposal Site disposal.

Handling and storage

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Operation precautions: closed operation, General ventilation 。 Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by Operating Procedures 。 Recommended for operators Filter gas mask （ Half mask ）, Dai Chemical Safety goggles , wear Antistatic clothing , Dai Rubber oil resistant gloves 。 Keep away from kindling and heat source, Workplace Smoking is strictly prohibited. 。 Use explosion-proof ventilation system And equipment. Prevent vapor leakage into the air of the workplace. Avoid contact with oxidants. Load and unload gently during transportation to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities Fire Equipment and Leakage emergency treatment Equipment. Empty containers may leave harmful substances.

Precautions for storage: store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Keep away from kindling and heat sources. The warehouse temperature should not exceed 25 ℃. Keep container sealed. It shall be stored separately from oxidant and shall not be mixed. Explosion proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted. It is forbidden to use those easy to generate sparks mechanical equipment And tools. The storage area shall be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and appropriate materials.

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