The Zhenla Zhanpo tablet is called kmir, also known as Zhanla or Ganbozhi.Zhenla was a vassal state of Fu Nan in the Qin and Han Dynasties.《Later Han Dynasty》It is called "investigating nothing"《Sui Shu》First called Zhenla (fromSiem ReapSiem Reap).《Tang script》They are called Jimei and Ge Mi (both are the antithesis of Khmer).
In the Song Dynasty, it was called Zhenla, a real rich man, and in the Yuan Dynasty, it was called "Ganbo Zhi"《Ming History》It is called "Ganwu", and "Cambodia" after Wanli of the Ming Dynasty."Probing into nothing", "Gan Bo Zhi", "Gan Wu Zhe" and "Cambodia" are all Camboja couplets. Zhenla and Zhenli Fu come from Siem Reap.
Development history
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From BC to early BCQin and Han DynastiesAt that time, Zhenla was a dependency of Funan, an ancient country in Southeast Asia at that timeFunan The king's surname was Shali in the north of.
In the middle of the 6th century AD, the Jimei tribe in northern Cambodia began to rise, and its influence was expanding. There was Zhenla, and later the princess of Zhenla marriedFunan Prince Bhavavarman was his wife, the original king of Zhenla died, and Princess Zhenla's son-in-law, Bhavavarman, succeeded to the throne as the king of Zhenla.
In the middle of the 7th century AD, the king of Funan died, and Bafa Warman, the king of Zhenla, wanted to serve as the king of Funan at the same time, and had a dispute with the legal successor of the king of Funan and the crown prince of Funan. Bafa Warman, the king of Zhenla, raised an army to conquer Funan by force, turning Funan into a dependency of Zhenla, and building the capital of Isanapura, also known as Isan and Ishe.Prince Funan went into exile in Java and established the Shandi Dynasty.
At the end of the 7th century AD, the King of Zhenla, Shali Zidosna, was completely destroyedFunan After the death of Houshali Zhidosna, Ituna first succeeded to the throne of King Zhenla.
From 705 to 707 AD, Zhenla split into the northernLu Zhenla(also known as Wenshan State) and Shuizhenla in the south. The capital of Shuizhenla is Borotibar, and the capital of Luzhenla is in Laos today.
At the end of the 8th century AD, the land, water and real wax were allCharienteraControl and become its dependency.
At the beginning of the 9th century A.D., the land and water two real wax were unified again, and gained independent status again, and established in A.D. 802Angkor DynastyThe Angkor Dynasty after the founding of the People's Republic of China is strong and cultural prosperity.The city is magnificent, with world-famousAngkor WatIts territory includes the present border of Myanmar and the northern part of the Malay Peninsula.
In the 12th and 13th centuries,AngkorThe royal court has been constantly cooperating withSiam, Zhan PoWarfareIn 1431, the capital Angkor was captured by Siam, and the Angkor Dynasty was destroyed. In 1434, Zhenla restored the country and moved its capitalPhnom Penh。
Politics
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The king is the supreme ruler of the country.There are five ministers: Gu Luo Zhi, Gao Xianglin, Po He Duoling, Shemo Ling, and Tan Duolou.There are also a number of officials under the ministers. All cities in the country are assigned ministers to govern. The ministers, ministers and officials are all served by relatives of the king.In Angkor Angkor era, the feudal hierarchy became more rigid. The official families went out in sedan chairs and umbrella. The height of the houses was also customized.The official residence is not confused with the houses of the people. The people can only build thatched houses, and the ministers of the state and relatives can only use tiles.If the father of the throne dies and his son succeeds him, the legitimate son who is not the king's legitimate wife shall not be the heir.According to the ancient code of his country, the king is the owner of the land, and his property includes people, water, land, forests and mountains in all areas of the kingdom.Farmers have only the right to use their land.The king granted the land to his subordinate noble officials, and the farmers who received the land for cultivation must pay a certain amount of real rent and labor to the feudal lord in exchange for the right to use the land.
Economics
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land
In history, Zhenla was an autocratic feudal kingdom. The king was the supreme ruler of the country. He controlled the people, water, land, forests and mountains in all areas of the kingdomWang QinNational patrimonyThe bureaucracy that serves as the bureaucracy assists the king in ruling, while the ordinary people under the bureaucracy constitute a relatively complete and hierarchical feudal order.
Agriculture
Under the promotion of this relatively advanced ruling system in ancient times, the people of Zhenla created rich and colorful material wealth and spiritual civilizationAngkorBased on large reservoirs and a series of crisscross ditch networks, the region has established direct communicationTonle Sap LakeThe large and regular water conservancy facilities, which not only ensure the use of water storage in rainy season, but also ensure the needs of residents and farmland irrigation in dry season, bring great convenience to the development of agriculture, so that the people of Zhenla can rapidly improve the efficiency of agricultural production and develop a developedFeudal agricultural economyThe developed feudal agricultural economy further brought about the development of the feudal handicraft economy, enabling the people of Zhenla to produce advanced agricultural tools such as Lei, sickle and hoe, and advanced transportation tools such as ox cart and horse drawn carriage. At the same time, the developed feudal agricultural economy also gave birth to ancillary industries such as salt making, wine making, and cloth weaving,The comprehensive development of feudal economy also made great progress in business, culture and education. At that time, Zhenla had 102 hospitals, 121 business and travel stations, and many literators who could calculate the complicated astronomical phenomena such as the stars and the moon.
products
Zhenla State is locatedTropical monsoon climateThe climate of the district is mild and humid all the year round, and the four seasons are like spring. The main food crop is rice, which can be harvested three to four times a year. Other crops are also very rich. Trees, coconut bamboos, agarwood, yellow wax, cardamom, purple stem, and hydnocarpus oil are the specialties of real wax.There are also tropical fruits such as pomegranate, sugarcane, mango, etc.Rhinoceros, elephants and other rare animals and freshwater fish are also famous in the world.
International Relations
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Zhenla has long maintained friendly relations with China.
Sui DynastyGreat causeIn the second year (606), the King of Zhenla sent ambassadors to pay tribute.
623 years（WudeSix years), Zhenla sent envoys to Tang Dynasty.[1]
628（ZhenguanTwo years)LinyiSend envoys to Tang together,Tang TaizongThey gave many gifts back.Later, the envoys of the Kingdom of Zhenla often brought valuable gifts to invite them.Between 650 and 655, thirty-two precious white elephants were sent here.They are all specially trained to kneel and dance, and perform in the palace every day.[1]
Tang DynastyShenlongFrom 705 to 707, Zhenla State was divided into Lu Zhenla (also known as Wenshan State) in the north and Shuizhenla in the south;Borotibar, capital of Shuizhen La,Lu ZhenlaThey are all in Laos today.In the Tang Dynasty of China, Prince Lu Zhenla and the Vice King first came to Chang'an and presented the tamed elephants to China.
753 years（TrimblePrince Zhenla also led his entourage to visit the Tang Dynasty,tang xunzongPresented“Resolute Captain”The honorary title of.Later, ZhenlaVice WangPomi and the Queen came to China again.Tang ClanHe attached great importance to this visit, received it with state guests, and gave the Chinese name of "Binghan" (the top guest of China) as a souvenir.[1]
With the development of China Cambodia relations,FunanMusic was also introduced into China.There was Funan Music in the Tang Dynasty. Funan musicians taught the folk art of the women singers in the harem and performed at the festival feast.The history book says: "Funan music dancers, dressed in the morning glow and red leather shoes"（《New Tang Dynasty Book》Volume II: Records of Rites and Music).Cambodians have enriched the content of Chinese classical songs and dances with their music and dance with national characteristics.[1]
9. At the beginning of Shiji, the two real wax on land and water were unified again.Appearing from the 9th to the 15th centuryAngkor Dynasty, known askhmer empire With a prosperous country and splendid culture, it covers the whole territory of Cambodia and parts of Thailand, Laos and Vietnam.
Song DynastyPolitical peaceIn the sixth year (1117), the King of Zhenla sent ambassadors to pay tribute and give royal uniforms.
Song DynastyXuanheIn the second year (1120), the imperial edict granted the King of Zhenla andOccupy the city。
Southern Song DynastyJianyanDuring the 12th Five Year Period (1127-1130), Zhancheng invaded Zhenla, and Zhenla State was defeated repeatedly.
Southern Song DynastyQingyuanDuring the 12th Five Year Period (1195-1200), the Kingdom of Zhenla counterattacked on a large scale, occupied the city and incorporated it into the territory.At that time, Zhenla had nearly 200000 war elephants and a territory of 7000 miles, becoming a powerful country in the South China Sea.
In the Yuan Dynasty, it was established as Zhancheng Province.
Yuan ChengzongTimur is hereYuan ZhenTwo year (1296) assignmentZhou DaguanAn envoy to Zhenla.Zhou Daguan and his embassy inAngkora year.After returning to China, Zhou Daguan wrote a report on Zhenla customs《Customs of Cambodia 》For the study of Cambodian history.
brightHong WuIn the sixth year (1374), King Hurna of Zhenla sent envoy Naiyijilang to offer sacrifices.
brightYongleIn the second year (1404), the king of Zhenla, Senlepupiya, sent a delegation of nine people to pay tribute.
brightXuandeFive years (1430)SiamThey invaded the Khmer Empire, surrounded Angkor City for seven months, and finally attacked Angkor.Because Angkor is too close to the border of Siam, the Khmer Empire abandoned Angkor and moved its capitalPhnom Penh。Since then, the country has been called Cambodia in Chinese historical documents.
