Baigou River, yesHaihe RivertributaryDaqing RiverThe upper section is the Juma River, and the middle section is the North Juma River.Originating from Laiyuan County, passing through Laishui, Fangshan District, Beijing, and to the northeast of Zhuozhou CityWharf TownIt is called Baigou River.The south of Baigou River flows through Gaobeidian to Baigou Town and joins Nanjuma River, which is called Daqing River.The main tributaries are Huliang River, Liuli River and Xiaoqing River.Baigou River used to be the boundary river between Song and Liao.At the junction of Baigou River and Nanjuma River, there is Baigou Town, which is a well-known river land wharf far and near.[1]
Chinese name
Baigou River
Water system
The lower part of the north branch of the Daqing River, a tributary of the Haihe River
geographical position
Baoding City, Hebei Province
Flow area
Laiyuan, Laishui, Fangshan, Zhuozhou, Gaobeidian
Origin
In front of Haisi, Laishan Town, Laiyuan County, Hebei Province
The Baigou River is the lower part of the northern branch of the Daqing River, a tributary of the Haihe River, and the upper part is dominated by the Juma River.Juma River originates from Laiyuan County to Tiesuoya, Laishui, with a total length of 197 kilometers.It is also divided into two main streams, the north branch enters Fangshan District of Beijing, the east branch enters Zhuozhou City, crosses Yongji Bridge in the north of Zhuozhou City, crosses Yongle Railway Bridge, meets Huliang River, joins Liuli River and Xiaoqing River at Zhuozhou shooting base of Matou CCTV, and is called Baigou River after joining Baigou Town and Nanjuma River.[1]
hydrographic features
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The upper reaches of Baigou River is located in the rainstorm center area in the north of Taihang Mountain, with a large drainage area (4810 square kilometers above the Zhangfang Hydrological Station).The flood spread out of the mountain and affected a wide area in the plain area.Investigate the maximum flood of 14600 cubic meters per second at Qianhekou in 1917.In 1963, the measured flood at Zhangfang Hydrological Station was 9920 cubic meters per second.The upstream has a long history, and the base flow is constant all the year round.From 1951 to 1980, the average daily minimum flow of Zhangfang Hydrological Station during the dry season was 5.97 cubic meters per second.In 1976, the daily minimum was 1.04 cubic meters per second.From May to June 1990, the average flow was 6.5 cubic meters per second.The water is clean and abundant.[2]
According to the official website of the Information Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, at about 8:00 on August 4, 2023, the water level of the hydrological station in Dongci Village, Zhuozhou, Hebei Province, of the Baigou River in the Daqing River system reached 27.49 meters, 1.99 meters above the warning level (25.5 meters).The data shows that since 14:00 on July 30, the water level of Baigou River has been rising and the flow has been increasing. The water level reached a high of 28.94m at 8:00 on August 2, and is returningDown.[3]
Main tributaries
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The South Spring River and the North Spring River meet in Jiahe Village, Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province, and are called Huliang River. They enter the North Juma River in the south of Zhangcun Village, Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province.[2]
Nanquanshui River, formerly known as "Dushushui", originates in the northwest of Shuitou Village, Nanshangle Township, flows through Shuitou, Xiazhuang, Shimen, Gaozhuang, Banbidian Village, Nanzheng Village, Shuangmo Village, Changgou Town and other villages in Nanshangle Township, and exits in the east of Beilianggezhuang Village.After leaving the country, they will join Beiquan River in Jiahe Village, hereinafter referred to as Huliang River.The drainage area within the territory is 73.25 square kilometers, and the river below Xiazhuang is 15.5 kilometers long.Water source mainly comes from Shuitou Spring and Gaozhuang Spring.The spring water is replenished all the year round, and the base flow of the river channel is continuous. The farmland on both banks is mostly used for irrigation.The upstream is located in the windward area in front of the mountain, with concentrated rainstorm.In 1939, the drainage area above Shimen Village was 30 square kilometers, and the flood flow reached 700 cubic meters per second.
Beiquan River, commonly known as "Changgou", originates in the west of Sanzuoan Village, Changgou Town, flows through Ganchi Village and Changgou Town, and exits in the south of Changgou Town.After leaving the country, it joins Nanquanshui River in Jiahe Village, hereinafter referred to as Huliang River.The Beiquanshui River basin is completely in Changgou Town, with an area of 29.45 square kilometers and a length of 5.5 kilometers.The water source mainly comes from Ganchi springs, with constant base flow throughout the year.The development of surface water for irrigation has a long history. The rice along the river is "of good quality, white as jade", and has the saying of "nine steaming and nine drying, color and fragrance as before".[2]
Xiaoqing River was called Mangniu River in the Records of Liangxiang County in the 13th year of the Republic of China."According to the Caohe map and the old record, there is no bull river, which is called Guangyang Yangou. All of them enter Sangqian (Yongding River) in the east and then build banks in Sangqian, and then flow south.".Xiaoqing River has its tributaries Yaba River and Hedgehog River.Xiaoqing River is a tributary of the north Juma River in the Daqing River system of the Haihe River basin.Originated in the northwest of Changxindian Township, Fengtai District, Beijing.Fengtai District above Daning Reservoir is called Yaba River, hereinafter referred to as Xiaoqing River.It flows through Changyang, Hulufa, Guandao, Yaoshang, Nanzhao and other townships, exits in the south of Bajianfang Village, Nanzhao Township, and flows into the north Juma River in the south of Wharf Town, Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province.The whole drainage area is 436 square kilometers.The length of the territory is 30 kilometers, the drainage area is 212.35 square kilometers, and the mountainous area is 28 square kilometers.Yaba River and Hedgehog River converge on the right bank.The flood damage of Xiaoqing River mainly comes from the flood diversion of Yongding River, and its disaster size is related to the flood diversion of Yongding River.In the past hundred years, the major disasters occurred in 1924 and 1939.[2]
Dashi River is a tributary of the northern Juma River in the Daqing River system of the Haihe River basin.The old records of Fangshan are called "holy water", and the old records of Liangxiang are called "Liuli River".It originates from the northwest of Tangshang Village, Xiayunling Township, a mountainous area in the west of the territory.The river passes through Xiayun Ridge, Changcao, Bangezhuang, Hebei and other villages in the east in a zigzag way in the valley, leaving the mountain in Xinkaikou Village of Tuoli Township and entering the plain.Then turn south, turn east through the regional offices in Liulihe in Tuoli Township, Chengguan Town, Zicaowu Township, Doudian Town and Shilou Town, go south to Zucun Village, enter Matou Town, Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province, and join the North Jumahe River.The river in the territory is 108 kilometers long, with a drainage area of 1243.4 square kilometers, including 856.3 square kilometers in mountainous areas and 387.1 square kilometers in plain areas.[2]
Valley culture
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Baigou River used to be the boundary river between Song and Liao.At the junction of Baigou River and Nanjuma River, there is Baigou Town, which is a well-known river land wharf far and near.At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin soldiers captured the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan), and the Song Hui and Qin Zong were captured and marched northward. Zhang Shuye, the scholar of Longtu Pavilion and the signer of the Privy Council, was accompanied by Zhang Shuye, who refused to eat in the road. At the border of the Song and Liao Dynasties, he heard people shouting, "You are crossing the Baigou River!" Shuye died because he could not enter the Liao Dynasty.Wen Tianxiang wrote the poem "Hanging Uncle Zhang at Night by Crossing the Baigou River".Xincheng Town, Gaobeidian City (former Xincheng County Office) was built with Erzhong Temple to commemorate Wen Tianxiang and Zhang Shuye.In the second year of Jianwen in the Ming Dynasty (1400), Emperor Jianwen, with Li Jinglong as the general, led his army to fight against Zhu Di, the Yan King, and was known as the 600000 army. He made an appointment to meet in Baigou.On April 24th and 25th, Jianwen Army and Zhu Dijun, the King of Yan, fought a bloody battle. The Yan Army lost first and then won. More than 100000 Jianwen Army died and surrendered. The Jianwen Army greatly damaged its vitality, laying the foundation for the Yan Army to overthrow Emperor Jianwen.Today, Baigou has become a famous trade center at home and abroad.
The north Juma River runs eastward from Tiesuoya and is divided into two branches. The north branch enters the boundary of Zhuozhou through Shidu and Nanshanle in Fangshan District, Beijing, and joins the south branch at Yongji Bridge in Zhuozhou Beiguan.The south branch passes Zhenjiang Village, Fangshan District, Beijing, and Gaocun Village, Laishui County, passing Hengqi Village, Zhuozhou City, circling Mataiying and Hancun Village, to the north of Songlindian, passing by the west side of Zhuozhou City, to meet the north branch at Beitan and to the east (originally in Qigou and south of Zhuozhou City, and to meet the north branch at Juma River in the east of Zhuozhou), to the south of Zhuozhou shooting base of CCTV in Wharf Town, and to meet Liuli River and Xiaoqing River in the south,It is called Baigou River and meets Nanjuma River in Baigou Town.[1]
