Electrophoresis technology is an advanced detection method. In combination with other advanced technologies, it can create amazing results and enable people to obtain optimal benefits at less cost.For example, it can solve the problems of foodenergy、Environmental ScienceanddiseaseA series of urgent issues, such as, have played a positive role and shown strong vitality.Therefore, electrophoretic technology is attracting more and more attention and is widely used in various fields.
electrophoresisIt refers to the phenomenon that the sample (organic or inorganic, living or inanimate) charged particles suspended in the solution move towards the electrode with opposite charge under the influence of electric field.As we all know, the most advanced computers and the most sophisticated robots are also difficult to compare with the sophistication of ants.Moreover, ants can carry on their families, which is beyond the reach of modern technology.These characteristics of ants are inseparable from the structure and function of nucleic acids and proteins.Nucleic acid (includingDeoxyribonucleic acidandRibonucleic acid）It can be degraded into fragments and further into nucleotides;Proteins (including enzymes andisozyme）Peptides and amino acids are ionizableGroup, the group can absorb or give hydrogen ions in solution, thus becoming charged particles;Because the number of charged particles is different and the molecules with the same charge are differentelectric fieldUnder the influence, they move at different speeds.People use this feature toelectrophoresisQualitative and quantitative analysis of the above substances, or separation of a certain mixture into various components and a small amount of electrophoresis preparation.Because of this unique function, electrophoresis has become an indispensable and important analytical tool in molecular biology research, and is widely used in basic theoretical research, agricultural science, medicine and health, industrial production, national defense researchforensic medicineAnd commodity inspection.
extensive use
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Medical Science
In hospital clinical testselectrophoresisTechnical analysis of enzymes in serum andisozymeCan diagnose nephrotic syndrome, angina pectoris, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, multiple myelomaMalignant tumor、hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis and other diseases;Analysis of hemoglobin components can determine whether the blood cells are normal or abnormal;;The specific antigen components of microorganisms and protozoa may exist in the body fluid. On the basis of the separation of the antigen components, the required monoclonal antibodies are searched.
Criminal investigation
In the work of public security, political and legal investigation and trialelectrophoresisThe results of technical detection often play a very important role in determining the nature of the case, providing investigative clues and criminal evidence.For many years, the method of checking the stains left at the crime scene with the blood type of the suspect has been used. When more than one suspect is of the same blood type, this method fails.However, electrophoresis technology can be used to separate the unique characteristics of a person from human body fluids and other tissue samplesgeneA series of spectral bands are formed, so that criminals can be identified more accurately.
Industry
It has many applications in industry.For example, in ceramic production, it is used to remove iron oxide impurities mixed in clay.The method is: put the clay in water, stir it, and then electrify it.Since clay particles are negatively charged and move towards the positive pole, iron oxide particles are positively charged and move towards the negative pole.Therefore, in thepositive electrodePure clay can be collected nearby.
environmental protection
aerosolCan also occurElectrophoretic phenomenonFor example, in cement, metallurgy and other factories, when high-voltage electricity is applied to the gas containing soot, a large amount of soot can be removed to reduceair pollutionPurify the environment and protect people's health.
Agriculture
China is a vast agricultural country,electrophoresisTechnology is widely used in agriculture, and it can be used forHeterosisPrediction, identification of hybrid offspring, difference between different varieties, analysis of genetic relationship, identification of male sterile lines, location of genetic genes,Plant resistanceAnd many other aspects.Electrophoresis technology is showing great power in promoting the "new green revolution", especially in solving the problem of seed quality and identifying fake seeds.It has more advantages than traditional ecological methods: first, it is fast, accurate and reliable;Second, it does not need a large area of land, and only needs to directly analyze seeds or seedlings in the laboratory;Third, it is not affected by the environment;Fourth, it costs less, costs less, and is easy to master technology.In short, the electrophoresis method saves time, labor and money, and has good effect.
Other aspects
electrophoresisThe technology is also widely used in food detection, environmental protection and other aspects, and is closely related to people's lives.
The widespread use of electrophoresis technology has prompted colleges and secondary schools to urgently train a large number of electrophoresis technicians to meet the needs of society, so electrophoresis has become an indispensable means of teaching and scientific research.
