synonymelectrical(Electrical) generally refers to electrical engineering (discipline)
Electrical Engineering (EE) is the core discipline and key discipline in the field of modern science and technology.
The traditional and broad definition of electrical engineering is used to create electrical andElectronic systemThe total number of related disciplines.along withScience and technologyWith the rapid development of, the concept of electrical engineering has gone far beyond the scope of the above definition.Stanford UniversityProfessor Liu pointed out that "today's electrical engineering covers almost all engineering behaviors related to electrons and photons".
It is the great progress of electronic technology that has promotedcomputer networkThe advent of the information age based on the Internet has changed the life andOperating modeAnd so on.The discipline of electrical engineering in American universities, also known as Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Science, Department of Electrical Engineering andcomputer scienceDepartment, mainly focusing on computer and information technology.
Love and support the socialist motherlandCommunist Party of ChinaTo lead and master the basic principles of Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory;Willing toSocialist Modernization Drive Serve the people, have the ambition and sense of responsibility to strive for the prosperity of the country and the nation;It has the qualities of dedication, hard work, love of labor, discipline and law-abiding, solidarity and cooperation, and has good ideological and moral characterSocial moralityandprofessional ethics。
Intellectual education
We should learn electrician, electronic technologyAutomatic control theory, information processingcomputer technologyAnd application, etcEngineering technologyBasic and certain professional knowledge, accept electricians, electronicsInformation controlBasic training in computer technology, with the ability to control and analyze industrial processes, and solve technical problems of wide caliber disciplines with strong and weak simultaneously.
Graduates of this major should acquire the following knowledge and abilities:
(1) Master the basic knowledge of natural sciences such as mathematics, physics and chemistry, and have a good foundation in humanities, society, management science and foreign languagesComprehensive capability。
(2) Master the broad technical foundation of the professional fieldTheoretical knowledge。
⑶ Have professional knowledge and skills in 1-2 professional directions of the specialty, and understand the discipline frontier of the specialtyDevelopment trend。
Have certain basic knowledge of sports and military, and master scientific exercisebasic skill , develop goodphysical exerciseAnd health habitsmilitary trainingThey should meet the national standards for college students' sports and military training, have sound psychology and healthy physique, and be able to fulfill the sacred obligations of building and defending the motherland.
The official website of China Association of Academic Degrees and Graduate Education has updated and published the Professional Profile of Graduate Education Discipline and Basic Requirements for Academic Degrees (Trial Version), in which the first level discipline of electrical engineering has been adjusted toElectrical theory and new technology, electrical materials and dielectrics, motor system and its control, intelligent appliances and electrical equipment, power system and its automation, power information technology, high voltage and insulation technology, power electronics and power transformation, new energy generation and power storage, biological electromagnetic technology10 secondary disciplines[5-6]。
The main factors that have the greatest impact on the development of electrical engineering include:
1. The decisive impact of information technology.Information technology is broadly defined as including computers, high-speed broadband worldwidecomputer networkAnd communication system, as well as the integration of relevant support technologies for sensing, processing, storage and display of various information.information technologyIt has a particularly dominant influence on the development of electrical engineering.The continuous exponential growth of information technology largely depends on theContinuous technological innovation。In turn, the progress of information technology provides a newer and more advanced tool basis for technological innovation in the field of electrical engineering.
2. Broaden the intersection with physical science.becausetriodeInventions andlarge-scale integrated circuitThe development of manufacturing technology,Solid state electronicsIn the last 50 years of the 20th century, it played a huge role in promoting the growth of electrical engineering.The close connection and intersection between electrical engineering and physical science is still the future of electrical engineeringEngineering disciplineAnd will be extended to biological systemsphotonics、MEMS（MEMS）。Some of the most important new devices, systems and technologies in the 21st century will come from these fields.
3. Rapid change.The rapid progress of technology and the ever-changing analysis and design methods make the society have toEngineering problemsA thorough rethinking or review of past solutions.This has a great influence on how to hire new professors and how to train students.
Future employment prospects: The employment prospects are very good, and can beTelecommunicationDepartment, TelecomCommunication equipmentGet jobs in manufacturing.
Analysis of difficulty in admission: hot majors, fierce competition, althoughassistantThere are many positions of research assistants, but they are bound to become the focus of competition, which requires a certain background and strength.
Future employment prospects: The employment prospects are relatively broad, because each branch in this direction has strong applicability, which can be applied in manufacturing, aerospace, medicine, and military fields.
Analysis of admission difficulty: this direction is more favorable to the applicant's research and practical experience, andGRE，TOEFLPerformance will also be an important criterion for consideration. Chinese students who get teaching assistant and research assistant positions mainly have some relevant research experience.So if you want to apply for this direction and getscholarshipIf so, we should consider strengthening our research experience in this direction, which will be more beneficial to the competition for scholarships.
3. Electronics&Integrated Circuit
Future employment prospect: mainly engaged in chip development and electronic product research and development. The employment prospect is optimisticmanufacturerElectronic products represented byProduction fieldIt has broad employment space.
Analysis of admission difficulty: The number of students enrolled is relatively large, but the possibility of obtaining the full prize is not very large, so the source of students is average, so the competition is not very fierce.Comparatively speaking, GRE and TOEFL scores are the preferred hardware indicators.
Analysis of admission difficulty: under EE, computer science and engineering are more inclined to robots andAIOn the one hand, because it is more sensitive and difficult to get a visa, so few students are enrolled.There are fewer opportunities to get scholarships.Therefore, in order to improve the success rate, it is suggested to strengthen the research background.
Future employment prospects: employment is difficult.
Analysis of admission difficulty: theoretical research, poor student source, few people apply for this direction.Therefore, if it is not due to interest, you should try to avoid applying in this direction.
Future employment prospects: The employment prospects are general, and most of them enter national defense companies.
Analysis of admission difficulty: Another sensitive major, but the number of applicants is not small every year. The final result is mostly AD, and the probability of obtaining scholarships is relatively low, so try to improve more in the optical background.GRE scores are also important.
Future employment prospect: The employment prospect is general, and long-term experience accumulation is required.
Analysis of difficulty in admission: more students have obtained AD, and few Chinese students have obtained teaching assistants and research assistants. The main requirements are to have a certain foundation of employment and practical experience.
Future employment prospects: The employment prospects are general, and it is possible to enter communication companies.
Analysis of admission difficulty: boring majors.Compared with other majors, the competition in this major is not so fierce, but the same source of students is also relatively small, so if you want to apply for this major, the chances of success are still high.
Future employment prospects: The employment prospects are relatively good.
Analysis of admission difficulty: the classic branch direction is also a major that is relatively easy to find jobs.There is also a shortage of talents in this field.Successful applicants basically have relevant research background and relatively high GRE and TOEFL scores,GPAIt's also important.
Analysis of admission difficulty: this major can be said to be related to material engineering, so these two majors can be converted to each other.That is to say, there are more choices for those who study materials.Relatively speaking, this major has abundant funds.So there are many opportunities to apply for scholarships.For applicants, enhancing their research experience will give them more opportunities to apply.
In general, forscience and engineeringThe GRE and TOEFL scores of the applicants are not the most desirable. The most important thing is to have the "experience" of the research laboratory corresponding to the direction of application, or to participate in similar research projects, because such experience is really valued by American professors and is really valuable.From the perspective of the application form of EE professional direction, the competition in recent years has remained stable, and most of the application results are satisfactory.Therefore, it is generally recommended that applicants should enhance their research and practice experience in the research direction they want to apply for. TOEFL should not be less than 100, GRE should not be less than 1200, and GPA should not be less than 3.0.If we can meet the standards in these aspects, we can still occupy a place in the fierce competition.
Introduction
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Key disciplines
National first-class electrical engineeringKey disciplinesUniversities:
Universities with national level II key disciplines of electrical engineering (excluding universities with national level I key disciplines of electrical engineering):
Motors and electrical appliances
Hebei University of Technology, Shenyang University of Technology, Harbin University of Technology
Power system and its automation
Tianjin University, North China Electric Power University, Southwest Jiaotong University, PLA Naval Engineering University
High voltage and insulation technology
Harbin University of Science and Technology
Power Electronics and Power Transmission
China University of Mining and Technology, Hefei University of Technology
Universities with national second level key (cultivation) disciplines of electrical engineering:
Power Electronics and Power Transmission
Southwest Jiaotong University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Electrical Theory and New Technology
Hunan University
Discipline ranking
bookFirst level disciplineAmong them, there are 40 universities with "doctoral authorization" in China, and 39 universities participated in this evaluation;Some universities with "master's authorization" also participated in the evaluation;A total of 84 colleges and universities participated in the evaluation.(Note: The universities with the same evaluation results are ranked according to the school code, regardless of the order)
10487 Huazhong University of Science and Technology
A-
10213 Harbin Institute of Technology
10335 Zhejiang University
10611 Chongqing University
91016 Naval University of Engineering
B+
10056 Tianjin University
10142 Shenyang University of Technology
10248 Shanghai Jiaotong University
10286 Southeast University
10287 Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
10422 Shandong University
10532 Hunan University
10613 Southwest Jiaotong University
B
10004 Beijing Jiaotong University
10080 Hebei University of Technology
10188 Northeast Electric Power University
10214 Harbin University of Science and Technology
10290 China University of Mining and Technology
10359 Hefei University of Technology
10486 Wuhan University
10561 South China University of Technology
10699 Northwestern Polytechnical University
B-
10112 Taiyuan University of Technology
10141 Dalian University of Technology
10256 Shanghai Electric Power University
10294 Hohai University
10386 Fuzhou University
10536 Changsha University of Technology
10610 Sichuan University
11075 Three Gorges University
C+
10006 Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
10145 Northeastern University
10216 Yanshan University
10247 Tongji University
10254 Shanghai Maritime University
10280 Shanghai University
10299 Jiangsu University
10593 Guangxi University
10700 Xi'an University of Technology
10755 Xinjiang University
C
10147 Liaoning University of Engineering and Technology
10288 Nanjing University of Science and Technology
10433 Shandong University of Technology
10459 Zhengzhou University
10462 Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
10533 Central South University
10614 University of Electronic Science and Technology
C-
10019 China Agricultural University
10060 Tianjin University of Technology
10217 Harbin Engineering University
10219 Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology
10252 Shanghai University of Technology
10424 Shandong University of Science and Technology
10460 Henan University of Technology
11535 Hunan University of Technology[2]
Industrial enterprises
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one
Panasonic
Since 1918, Japan, a world top 500 enterprise, a world brand, a large multinational company, the world's largest electronic manufacturer, Panasonic (China) Co., Ltd
two
TCL Legrand
Since 1860 in France, TCL Legrand International Electrician (Huizhou) Co., Ltd., a leading brand in the electrical industry and one of the top ten electrician brands
three
Simon
Founded in Spain in 1916, it is a world-famous communication wiring brand, one of the top ten electrician brands, and a famous brand, Simon Electric China Co., Ltd
four
Siemens?
Founded in Germany in 1847, Siemens (China) Co., Ltd., one of the world's largest electromechanical/electrical engineering and electronics companies, one of the world's top 500 enterprises
five
Lonon
China famous trademark, Guangdong famous trademark, Guangdong famous brand product, famous brand, Sino foreign joint venture Honeywell Lonone Electrical System Technology (Guangdong) Co., Ltd
six
Schneider
Schneider Electric (China) Investment Co., Ltd. has a glorious history of more than 170 years, a global energy efficiency management expert, specializing in the power and automation management industry
seven
Chint CHINT
Founded in 1984, it is the largest low-voltage electrical appliance manufacturer in China, a well-known trademark in China, a high-tech enterprise, and Zhejiang Zhengtai Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd
eight
ABB
It is formed by the merger of two international enterprises with a history of 100 years. It is a leader in the field of power and automation technology, a global top 500, a multinational enterprise, and ABB (China) Co., Ltd
nine
Xidian
Founded in 1959, China XD Corporation is the largest and most capable manufacturer of high-voltage transmission and distribution equipment and other electrical products in China
ten
TBEA
China's largest transformer product development base, core backbone enterprise of major equipment manufacturing industry, high-tech enterprise, China's famous trademark, TBEA Co., Ltd
Electrical automation
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Electrical automation forindustrial control system For example, how can a piece of equipment operate to ensure that it can normally produce qualified products,modern industryIt is not entirely manual, but operated by people. It is made by machines. When the machine is started, it will run on its own. The reason why the machine can run automatically is electrical automation. The so-called electrical automation is the use of relaysa sensoretc.Electrical componentsrealizationSequential control、time controlProcess.Others such as some instruments orservo motor , can feed back to the interior according to the changes of the external environment, so as to changeOutputTo achieve the goal of stability.
Power technology
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Electronic equipmentTo achieve the required indicators, the first thing is to equip a stable and superiorPower SupplyIn some systems with higher professional requirements, the requirements for power supply are higher.It can be said that the development and innovation of power technology will directly promote the development of electrical appliances and power technology. Power technology plays a decisive role in the development of electrical technology.The most convenient and economical power source is from the power gridalternating current, but electronic circuits often requireDC power supplyIt can convert alternating current into direct current, and can be directly used for electronic products with low requirements.But simpleDCOutput of sourceVoltage instabilityThe power supply voltage changes with the change of power grid voltage or load, which will inevitably affect the performance of electronic circuitsDC voltageAlthough filtered, the AC component is still large.Therefore, in the demandingelectronic productMedium, must useDC regulated power supply。along withMicrocomputerIn particular, with the continuous development of single-chip microcomputer, its grade is constantly improved and its functions are becoming stronger and stronger.It will impact all aspects of human beingsapplication area Continuously expanding, widely used in industrial measurement and controlCutting-edge science, intelligent instruments, household appliances and other fields.Microcontroller has played an important role in the field of industrial measurement and control.
Single chip microcomputer in intelligent instrumentsMechatronicsProducts andautomatic control systemThe application in the is more and more extensive, and many old instruments and equipment will adopt the single chip microcomputer as the first choice in upgrading and upgrading.All electrical manufacturers, electromechanical industry and measurement and control enterprises regard SCM as an important tool for upgrading their products and intellectualizing their products.Use by comparisonsinglechipControl the system to complete the detection and calibration of the system. Under the condition of the same completion function, it can greatly simplify the hardware circuit of the system, save a lot of money and raw materials, and usemodularizationIt can not only meet the requirements of the system, but also improve the maintenance efficiency of the system.The flexibility of the system is also greatly improved. In short, it is widely usedmicroprocessorIt is the trend of the times, so we use single chip microcomputer control system Can keep up with the trend of the times.singlechipyesindustrial production The impact is obvious to alltechnological development At the same time, the electrical industry began a vigorous microcomputer revolution.It has driven the miniaturization and intellectualization of various household appliances and instruments. The popular so-called humanized technology issingle-chip microcomputer In terms of controlRemote control、field bus real-time controlAnd other new technologies.And power technology has experiencedElectric AgeAfter six months of ups and downs, industry finally ushered incontrol technology The spring of vigorous development has made the development of new power supply have a broader and better prospect.Microcomputer control technologyMainly industrial process control technology,PIDThe emergence and research of the theory until it is put into production, so thatIndustrial controlTechnology is more flexible and intelligent.
