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Physiological sodium chloride solution

synonym normal saline (Medical drugs) generally refers to physiological sodium chloride solution

Physiological sodium chloride solution is mainly used for flushing and pre charging of surgery, wounds, eyes, urethra and sterile pipeline systems.

It is used to induce labor with water sac in obstetrics.

Drug name: Physiological sodium chloride solution

Drug type: prescription
Use classification: External flushing

catalog

sixteen Executive standards

Composition

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Main ingredients: sodium chloride

Molecular formula: NaCl

Molecular weight: 58.44

character

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This product is a colorless clear liquid; It tastes slightly salty.

indication

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It is used for flushing and pre charging of surgery, wound, eye, urethra and sterile pipeline system. It is used to induce labor with water sac in obstetrics.

Specifications

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0.9%（2000ml：18g，3000ml：27g）

Usage and dosage

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The dosage depends on clinical needs. Or follow the doctor's advice.

Adverse reactions

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Relevant reports have not been seen yet. In case of any adverse event or adverse reaction, please stop use immediately and dispose accordingly.

taboo

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1. It is forbidden for patients with excessive water.

2. It is forbidden to wash in sheath.

3. It is prohibited in electrosurgical operation.

matters needing attention

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1. When used in large body cavities or on the surface of large wounds, there is a risk that liquid will be absorbed in large quantities.

2. The following patients should use with caution:

(1) Hyperosmotic dehydration;

(2) Hypokalemia;

(3) Hypernatremia;

(4) Hyperchloremia;

(5) Diseases restricting sodium intake, such as cardiac insufficiency, systemic edema, pulmonary edema, hypertension, epilepsy, and severe renal insufficiency.

3. Before use, carefully check the package, which should be intact, well sealed, and can be squeezed or inverted for inspection. If there is leakage, it is prohibited to use; The liquid inside shall be clear and free from visible particles. If not, it is forbidden to use.

4. It should be used as soon as possible after opening the package, only for one-time use, and the residual liquid should be discarded.

5. If necessary, please place it in a water bath or incubator at a temperature close to the body temperature for heating, but it cannot exceed 45 ℃.

6. It should be placed in a place difficult for children to access.

Drug interaction

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When used as a drug solvent or diluent, attention should be paid to the incompatibility between drugs.

Overdose

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It can cause hypernatremia and hypokalemia, and can cause bicarbonate loss.

Excessive use in wound flushing and surgery may lead to absorption of flushing fluid, which may lead to increased blood volume, manifested as hypotonic water excess, headache, nausea, restlessness, disorientation and other symptoms. In severe cases, a similar coma will appear. Treatment of drug overdose: stop using this product, and correct the water electrolyte balance according to clinical manifestations.

Pharmacology and toxicology

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Sodium chloride is an electrolyte supplement. Sodium and chlorine are important electrolytes in the body, which mainly exist in extracellular fluid and play a very important role in maintaining the normal volume and osmotic pressure of blood and extracellular fluid. The normal serum sodium concentration is 135-145mmol/L, accounting for 92% of the plasma cation and 90% of the total osmotic pressure, so the amount of plasma sodium plays a decisive role in the osmotic pressure. The normal serum chloride concentration is 98-106mmol/L. Sodium and chloride ions in human body are mainly regulated by hypothalamus, posterior pituitary and kidney to maintain the stability of body fluid volume and osmotic pressure.

Pharmacokinetics

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After intravenous injection, sodium chloride directly enters the blood circulation and is widely distributed in the body, but mainly exists in extracellular fluid. Sodium and chloride ions can be filtered by the glomerulus and partially reabsorbed by the renal tubules. It is excreted by the kidney with urine, and only a small part is excreted from sweat.