Bioflavonoids, namelyVitamin P, is a plantSecondary metabolitesThey are not a single compound, but a general term for a variety of substances with similar structures and activities. They are called bioflavonoids because they are mostly yellow.Major vitamin P compounds includeflavone, RutinHesperidinEtc. ofWater-soluble vitamin。
Vitamin PThe "P" in refers to permeability.Because it was originally separated from lemon, its chemical essence is flavanone, so it is also called bioflavonoids.
Functional structure
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Phenylchromone
Bioflavonoids generally refer to twobenzene ring(A-ring and B-ring) A series of C6-C3-C6 compounds connected by the central three carbon bond.It mainly refers to thechemical compound。Natural bioflavonoids are mostly derivatives of their basic structures, and most of them areGlycosideForm exists.In addition to the common O-glycosides, there are C-glycosides, such as puerarin.More than 5000 kinds of bioflavonoids have been found in plants, but research has found that some of these bioflavonoids show biological activity due to different structures, while others do not.It is generally believed that the alpha and beta unsaturated pyranone at the molecular center of biological flavonoids arebiological activityThe key to.The various substituents on the rings A, B and C determine the specific physiological functions of different bioflavonoids.
Many natural foods contain a certain amount of bioflavonoids, includingrutin(The content of buckwheat is very high,Tartary buckwheatAnd hesperidin (mainly in citrus fruits).The best food source is wild rose fruitBuckwheat leaf、citrusFruit like, berryBroccoli、Cherry、Grape、Papaya、Hami melon、plum、Tea、red wineas well astomato。Cucumber also contains special bioflavonoids, which can prevent carcinogenic hormones from combining with cells.
Main efficacy
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Vitamin PIts main function is to maintainCapillary wallThe normal permeability of, the lack of it will make capillary wall permeability increased, so it is also called permeability vitamin.
In nature, biological flavonoids containVitamin POften withvitamin CCoexistence to prevent vitamin C from beingoxidationIt will be damaged to enhance the effect of vitamin C.Under its "protection", the body will not consume vitamin C for no reason.Once the human body appearsScurvy, is considered to be the result of the common deficiency of these two vitamins. Therefore, vitamin P is being used clinically to prevent and treat some diseases caused by the increased permeability of capillaries.In addition to clinical medical research, the vitamin p component contained in biological brass is also widely used in skin care products,Stock solution, in the cosmetics field.
twoantithrombosisIt can protect cardiovascular and cerebrovascular functions, and has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and bacteriostatic effects.
3. It can relieve alcoholism, protect the liver and protect the liver.
4. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxification, removing wind and dampness, strengthening muscles and bones, etc.
5. Function of regulating immunity
FlavonoidsIt can enhance the nonspecific immune function and humoral immune function of the body.asSoybean isoflavoneFor experimental micemacrophageThe function and spleen weight were improved;It can enhance the spleen's ability to generate IgM,Peripheral blood lymphocytesContent increase;enhanceT cell、NK cellsAnd K cell function;It also helps to improve body fluidsimmune, enhance B cell mediated immune response;Sensitization during humoral immunityB lymphocytesBoth the formation of HBsAg and the production of antibodies can be promoted.
Climacteric womenThe syndrome is caused by the decrease of estrogen secretion in postmenopausal ovaries. Due to the decrease of estrogen level, women at this stage will have many uncomfortable symptoms, most of which areSympathetic nervous systemChanges of, such asFacial flushing, palpitations, hyperhidrosis, paranoia, irritability, etc.FlavonoidsAlthough in vivobiological activityOnly 10-3~10-5 times of endogenous estrogen, but it has a huge concentration advantage, up to 103 times of endogenous estrogen. Proper use can not only alleviate the above menopausal symptoms, but also avoid the potential risk of uterine and breast lesions due to long-term sex hormone treatment.
7. Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti allergic effects
FlavonoidsThere are many antibacterial ingredients in, which has extensive inhibition on bacteria.It is reported that 0.005% free isoflavone can inhibit the activity of fungi. With the increase of its concentration, the antibacterial activity is still increasing, but when the concentration exceeds 0.1%, the increase of the concentration no longer has a significant synergistic effect.When the minimum concentration of flavonoid monomer licochaione A is 0.3 μ g/kgGram positive bacteriaBacillus sp., Bacillus sp. and Corynebacterium sp. have obvious inhibitory effects.Soybean isoflavoneIt also has the function of killing pathogenic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, and can stimulate theimmune systemTo protect the body against the invasion of pathogenic pathogens.GenisteinIt has the effect of inhibiting DNA lyase (TOPO II) and mild anti-inflammatory effect.LuteolinIt has a strong inhibitory effect on Hsuis. When the concentration is 1:3500, it can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus and Bacillus subtilis. It also has inhibitory effects on catarrh, rosary albicans and Proteus;Delphinidin in anthocyanins has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which can inhibit physiological sebum secretion of scalp and subsequent bacterial infection;Tea polyphenols can resist inflammation and oral microorganisms, and can effectively prevent dental caries.Citrus Bioflavonoids For example, quercetin, zingiber coriander glycoside also have anti-inflammatory activity, and the effect is dose related;Its main mechanism is to affect arachidonic acid metabolism and inhibit histamine release;Diosmin, as a strong anti-inflammatory protective agent, can significantly reduce the formation of edema. For example, intravenous injection of diosmin can reduce the incidence of edema in ratsAlloxanInduced hyperalgesia.
8. Antiviral effect
FlavonoidsThe antibacterial and antiviral effects of β - lactamase have been affirmed by the medical community.It has been reported that morin and kaempferol have antibacterial and antiviral effects;When the flavonoid kievieine is in extremely low concentration, it will cause disease to human bodyGram positive bacteriaIt has strong inhibitory effect;Cirsiliol, nangin, 3,4-diacetyl-5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone, etc. can be used to treat infectious diseases, especially forFiltration virusFor example, infection caused by HCV, HIV, or parasites such as toxoplasma has therapeutic effect.Previous studies have shown that 3-O-methylquercetin can inhibit the local effect on gray matter virus;Quercetin can weaken herpes virusPoliovirus, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection and replication capacity;Baicalin、Luteolin, quercetin, quercetinMyrica rubra flavonoids8 kinds of flavonoids, such as luteolin-7-glucoside, have the effect of inhibiting HIV reverse transcriptase activity and HIV reproduction;1,4-glycyrrhizin chalcone, glycyrrhizin isoflavones, Licochalcone and Glycycoumarin can inhibit the proliferation of HIV;Hypericin isolated from Forsythia suspensa can significantly inhibit the last step of HIV maturation in the laboratory.Its main mechanism is due to the inhibition of lysosomal H+- ATPase andPhosphatase A2It can affect the phosphorylation of viral transfer genes, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of virus and RNA.
9. Antioxidant effect
Bioflavonoids are very effectiveantioxidant；It can combine with toxic metals and expel them from the body.
·Thrombotic venous carcinoma and other blood agglutination disorders.
There is no recommended amount of bioflavonoids, because there has never been any deficiency.Bioflavonoids are usually contained in nutritional supplements combined with vitamin C (usually 500mg vitamin and 100mg bioflavonoids). In addition, various bioflavonoids are also sold in the market as nutritional supplements containing only one component.
Cancer prevention
The occurrence of cancer can be divided into at least three stages: initiation, promotion and progress.becauseFlavonoidsThey have inhibitory effects on the three stages of carcinogenic process.Flavonoids belong to phenolic substances, which can boil metal ions, thus effectively inhibiting the catalytic effect of trace metal ionsLipid peroxidationProcess;At the same time,FlavonoidsAs an antioxidant and free radical quenching agent, it can effectively prevent cell damage caused by lipid peroxidation, prevent cell damage and play the role of cancer prevention and suppression.
FlavonoidsIts antimutagenic effect is also very significant.Because of the special structural characteristics of flavonoids, they can absorb ultraviolet light, so they can protect cell DNA from UV damage.Tea polyphenols also have antimutagenic and anticancer effects.Flavonoids can also extinguish free radicals produced near DNA.Other studies have shown that the free radical quenching effect of flavonoids plays a major role in the protection effect of γ - ray irradiation;Yes, it has also been proved to protect mouse micronucleus reticular cells fromΔ - rayThey include quercetin, morulol, rutin, eriodictyol and luteolin.It has also been found that it contains sulfonated flavonoids orFlavanoneThe drugs and cosmetics can protect the skin from the influence of ultraviolet radiation and prevent the occurrence of skin cancer.
In addition, bioflavonoids can also reduce or even eliminate someChemical carcinogenCarcinogenic toxicity of, for example, kaempferol and rutin can effectively inhibitAflatoxin B1Carcinogenicity;Feed containing 5% quercetin can make DMBAS (7,12-Dimethyl phenylanthracene）The induced breast cancer rate of mice was reduced by 48%;Quercetin can also inhibit the occurrence of rectal cancer induced by azoxyethanol in rats.
The reports on dosage are not consistent.In the case of“French Strangeness”According to the investigation of the phenomenon, daily intakeFlavonoidsThe cancer mortality rate of the people who reached 19 mg or more was 75% less than that of the people whose daily intake was less than 19 mg;In addition, from the perspective of immunology, the cancer mortality rate of the population whose flavone intake ranged from 2.6mg/d to 68.2mg/d was not related to the intake;Even if ingested 2.6mg/d, it can show activity.Some opinions are still inconsistent, and some conclusions are even opposite. For example, at the same trace level, some flavonoids have shown the role of inducing and promoting cancer in vitro experiments;It is a good cancer preventive in vivo experiments.
Circulate the body
·Promote micro circulation and keep blood vessels unblocked.
·Improve vascular elasticity and maintain good vascular permeability.
It has about 80%~85% OPC (oligomeric proanthocyanidins), which is a kind ofProcyanidins, classified as a family of bioflavonoids, the main function of procyanidins is its ability to resist oxidation, stabilize collagen, and maintain elastin.Collagen and elastin are two very important proteins, which are closely related to the connection between tissues, blood vessels and muscles.OPC can smoothly enter the blood brain barrier, capture free radicals produced by the brain, and prevent diseases caused by brain degeneration, such as stroke.Therefore, OPC is a powerful blood vessel guardian to help maintain the human circulatory system and is widely used in the prevention of heart disease and the treatment of hypertension.
OPC can also block the damage of ultraviolet rays and reduce the collagenElastic fibreDamaged, prevent skin from collapsing and wrinkles, protect skin from aging damage, and further achieve the anti-aging effect of skin
The main source of OPC is the peel and stone, which are things we usually give up. Some high-quality OPC comes from seasonal fruits that are not always available, such as grapes, blue berries, plum, etc., so it is recommended not to spit out the peel when eating grapes, so as to obtain OPC with super oxidation function and enhance the health care effect.
Propolis
Among the various ingredients contained in propolis, the rich and varied flavonoids are a major feature. The biological flavonoids in propolis can be divided into about 20-30 kinds, which can strengthen the cell membrane, activate all functions of the cell, make it difficult for bacteria and viruses to immerse, prevent infection of infectious diseases, inhibit malignant enzymes, prevent the formation of carcinogens, and promote the synthesis of collagen. For diabetes,Scurvy, hypertension and circulatory organ obstruction lights are very effective.It can prevent ammonia dissociation that may cause allergic symptoms, prevent bronchial contraction, skin rash and allergic diseases, relax the parasympathetic nerve of nerve tissue, have compressive effect, and is effective for gastrointestinal ulcers and neurological diseases caused by pressure, as well as antibacterial, wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects.
vitamin C
Vitamin C, namely, levo vitamin C.withVitamin PAll belong to biological flavonoids.Vitamin C is a strong reducing agent with antioxidant effect.Since vitamin C is a molecule with optical activity, according to its optical rotation, it can be divided into left-handed and right-handed.L-vitamin C("L-C") is the only form of vitamin C that can be directly absorbed by human skin.It can promote the proliferation of collagen, repair the damage of ultraviolet rays to the skin, and fade melanin.It has been widely used in cosmetics, such as the levorotatory vc stock solution of felwort flowers.
Fundamental differences
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Bioflavonoids: it can regulate blood lipids, reduce blood viscosity, improve serum lipids, prolong red blood cell life, enhance hematopoietic function, and preventCardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases；Inhibiting the growth of HL-60 leukemia cells and dissolving cancer cells;It can effectively eliminate free radicals and toxins in the body, prevent and reduce the occurrence of diseases;It has anti-inflammatory, anti allergic, broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral effects.
