synonymVanuatu(The Republic of Vanuatu) generally refers to the Republic of Vanuatu
The Republic of Vanuatu (English: The Republic of Vanuatu), referred to as Vanuatu for short, is located inSouth Pacific Western, genusMelanesiaArchipelagoAustraliaBrisbane1900 kilometers to the east,Fiji800 kilometers to the west,New Caledonia 230 kilometers north, 170 kilometers south of Solomon, the capitalPort Vila。As of January 2023, the total population of the Republic of Vanuatu is about 320000.[1]
Vanuatu people lived here thousands of years ago.1606SpainThe explorer discovered.1768FrancePeople come here.1774 EnglandCaptain CookHere, the place is named "New Hebrides".In October 1906, Britain and France signed the Joint Management Convention, and the place became a joint colony of Britain and France.In 1963, the indigenous people established the first political party, the Village Party, to demand the recovery of land and independence.Internal self-government was implemented in January 1978.Independence on July 30, 1980.After independence, the leader of the New Hebrides National Party (later renamed as the Vanuaku Party, referred to as the Waku Party)Walter Lini (Walter Lini) was the first Prime Minister and Sokomanu was the President.[1]
The Republic of Vanuatu is economically backward and graduated from the UN list of least developed countries on December 4, 2020.Agriculture and tourism are the mainstay of tile economy.The service industry and construction industry dominated by tourism are the main driving forces to stimulate the economy.2022gross domestic product$980 million,GDP per capita: US $3050,economic growth rate：1.7%。[1][25]
Thousands of years agoVanuatuThat is to say, interest will accrue here.[1]
It was discovered by Spanish explorers in 1606.
The French came here in 1768.
In 1774, Captain Cook of England came here and named the place "New Hebrides".[14]
After 1825britain、FranceEquinationalmissionaryMerchants and farmers came here one after another.
In October 1906, France and Britain signed the Joint Management Convention, and the place became a joint colony of Britain and France.
In 1940, the Jon Frun movement openly proposed to oppose the churchWhiteAnd slogans against the government.
In 1963, the indigenous people established the first political party, the Village Party, to demand the recovery of land and independence.Due to the rapid development of the national movement, Britain and France agreed to implement internal autonomy in the region in January 1978.
Internal self-government was implemented in January 1978.[14]
It became independent on July 30, 1980 and was named the Republic of Vanuatu.After independence, the leader of the New Hebrides Party (later renamed Vanuaku Party)Walter Lini He served as the first Prime Minister and Sokomanu as President.
Vanuatu is located inSouth Pacific In the west, 13 ° to 23 ° south latitude, 166 ° to 172 ° east longitude, and the north-south distance is about 850 km.be situatedBrisbane, Australia1900 kilometers to the east,Fiji800 km west, 230 km north of New Caledonia and 170 km south of Solomon.Belonging to Melanesian Islands, it is composed of 83 islands (68 of which are inhabited).The largest island is Santo Island (with an area of 3947 square kilometers).It covers 860000 square kilometers of land, 12200 square kilometers of land and 680000 square kilometers of marine exclusive economic zone.There are 82 islands in total.[20]
With rich tourism resources, Wa is known as a diving paradise,Tana IslandA close view of the active volcano, Pendicast Island is the birthplace of modern bungee jumping.[2]
In May 2022, it was reported that Vanuatu is one of the countries most threatened by climate in the world, and the first Pacific small island developing country to declare a climate emergency.[15]
time zone
Vanuatu belongs to the East 11th District. The local time is 3 hours earlier than Beijing Time, and the daylight saving time is not implemented.[2]
natural resources
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originalmanganese mineMining has been exhausted, and a small amount of manganese oreiron ore、nickel、copperandBauxiteWait, there is also a lot of white sulfurash。As of 2014, there was no mining operation.The forest coverage rate is 36%, of which only 20% has commercial exploitation value. In 1997, 13490 tons of timber were exported.Rich fishery resourcestunas。[2]
administrative division
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Vanuatu is divided into 6 provinces and 2 cities: TolbaSangma, Pennema, Maramba, Cheffa andTafea Province ；Port VilaAnd Luganville.
Since 1994, Vanuatu has been divided into six provinces
Port Vila, the capital of Vanuatu, is located on Effit Island (980 square kilometers of Effit Island) in Sheva Province, AustraliaSydney2445 kilometers to the east.The population is 44000 (2009), and the average temperature is 25.3 ℃.[4]
National symbol
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Country name
The Republic of Vanuatu is called Vanuatu for short, and is also translated as Vanuatu.
national flag
Vanuatu flagIt is rectangular, and the ratio of length to width is 18:11.It is composed of red, green, black and yellow.The yellow horizontal "Y" shape with a black edge divides the flag into three pieces. The side near the flag pole is a black isosceles triangle, with double ring pig teeth and a "nano Li" leaf pattern inside;On the right side are two equal right angled trapezoids, red at the top and green at the bottom.The horizontal "Y" shape indicates the distribution shape of the islands of the country;Yellow symbolizes that the sun shines all over the country;Black represents people's skin color;Red symbolizes blood;Green symbolizes lush plants growing on fertile land.Pig teeth symbolize the traditional wealth of the country. People raise pigs widely. Pork is an important food in people's daily life;"Nanli" leaf is a kind of sacred tree leaf believed by local people, symbolizing holiness and auspiciousness.
national emblem
Vanuatu National Emblem
Vanuatu National EmblemThe theme of the design is always ready to sacrifice for defending Vanuatu's independence and freedom.OneMelanesiaThe warriors wear local traditional clothes and hold weapons. The mountain where the warriors stand symbolizes the highest peak of the country - Tabwemasana Peak. Behind the warriors are pig teeth and "Nanli" leaf patterns.On the ribbon at the bottom is written "God coexists with us" in Vanuatu.
national anthem
We! We! We
Main idea of lyrics: We!We!We!Our country is Vanuatu!God has given us this land, and we should celebrate it.Prosperity and freedom are in this land, and we are all brothers.We!We!We!Our country is Vanuatu!We!We!We!Our country is Vanuatu!We have many traditions, and we are also exploring new ways.We should always live together, regardless of race.We!We!We!Our country is Vanuatu!We!We!We!Our country is Vanuatu!We know that in our whole country, facing many tasks, we pray to God and our godfather to help us!We!We!We!Our country is Vanuatu!
national flower
Plumeria rubra, also known as Burmese Gardenia jasminoides, egg yolk flower,Apocynaceae, Plumeria.Native to America.It has been introduced and cultivated in China.Deciduous shrubs or small trees.Branchlets are plump and fleshy.The leaves are large, thick papery, mostly clustered at the top of branches, and the leaf veins form one side vein near the leaf margin.Several flowers gather at the top of the branch,CorollaTubular, 5-6cm in diameter, 5-lobed, milky white outside, bright yellow in the center, extremely fragrant.Flowering from May to October.Plumeria blooms in summer, fragrant and elegant;After falling leaves, the bare trunk bends naturally and looks beautiful.It is suitable for planting in courtyard and grassland, and can also be potted and used as medicine.
Population and nationality
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population
In June 2022, the total population of the Republic of Vanuatu is about 320000.Among them, 98% are Vanuatu, a Melanesian, and the rest are French, British, Chinese, Vietnamese, Polynesian immigrants and other Pacific island nations.Two thirds of the population is concentrated in four islands: Efait, Santo, Malekula and Tana.The official languages are English, French and Bislama, and Bislama is widely used. There are more than 100 dialects in China.84% believe in Christianity.[10]
nation
Among the population of Vanuatu, 98% are Melanesians, and the remaining 2% are French, British, Chinese, Vietnamese and VietnamesepolynesiaMigrants and other people from nearby island countries.After Vanuatu's independence, a large number of Australians and New Zealanders entered the Vanuatu marketFranceDescendants are deeply rooted in Vanuatu's etiquette, which has an important impact on Vanuatu's economy and politics.[5]
Politics
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regime
In August 2022, President Wah announced the dissolution of Parliament and early elections.On November 4, the new parliament of Vanuatu held its first meeting. Alatoi Ishmael Kalsakau, the chairman of the moderate party coalition, was elected as Prime Minister for a four-year term and was sworn in on the same day.[6][21]
constitution
It was formulated in 1979 and came into force in 1980.The Constitution stipulates that the President is elected by an electoral college (58 persons in total) composed of the chairman of the Parliament and the local committee, and the term of office is five years.Legislative power is vested in Parliament and executive power is vested in the Council of Ministers.The general reason is that the parliament is elected, and the cabinet ministers are appointed by the Prime Minister.All land in Vanuatu belongs to indigenous peoples and their descendants.October 5 is the Constitution Day.[1]
parliament
Parliament Building
The Parliament of the Republic of Vanuatu is a unicameral system with 52 seats and a four-year term.Regular meetings are held twice a year. At the request of the majority of members, the Speaker or the Prime Minister, the Parliament may hold special meetings.The Parliament will hold its first session on November 4, 2022.The current Speaker, Thule Simeon.[1][21][29]
On August 18, 2022, according to Vanuatu media reports, Vanuatu President Nick Vulobaravu signed a document announcing the dissolution of the parliament of the country.[16]
government
the Republic of Vanuatu The cabinet is also called the Council of Ministers.The Prime Minister, Charlotte Salwai, the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and Foreign Trade, Matai Seremaiah, the Minister of Climate Change Adaptation, Meteorology, Geological Disasters, Environment and Energy, Ralph Regenvanu, the Minister of Interior, Rick Tchamako Mahe,Christophe Emelee, Minister of Education and Training, John Damasing Salong, Minister of Finance and Economic Management, Nako Ianatom Natuman, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry, Livestock, Fisheries and Biosafety, and John Still Tari Quetu, Minister of Health,John Amos Nalau, Minister of Justice and Community Services, Don Ken, Minister of Infrastructure and Public Utilities, Anatole Hymak, Minister of Tourism, Trade and Indigenous Affairs, and Tomker Netvunei, Minister of Youth and Sports Development.[1][21][23][28-29]
judicial
The Republic of Vanuatu has a Court of Appeal, a Supreme Court and a local court responsible for traditional affairs.The Chief Justice is nominated by the Prime Minister and appointed by the President.The current Chief Justice Vincent Lunabeck.[1]
party
The main political parties are:
(1) Reunification of Movement for Change: established in 2012.It was composed of Salvi, the then vice chairman of the moderate party coalition, who left.In 2016, Salvi established inter party relations with the Communist Party of China during his visit to China to attend the CPC World Dialogue.Chairman Charlotte Salvi.
(2) Leaders Party of Vanuatu: established in 2015.It was founded by former Director General of the Ministry of Climate Change Namat.The party held high the banner of anti-corruption and called for the sustainable development of Vanuatu's economy, environment and society.President Jotan Napat.The Vice Chairman is Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Serimaya.
(3) Vanuaku Party: formerly known as the New Hebrides National Party, it was founded in 1971 and is Vanuatu's oldest political party.It was renamed in 1977.The party has been in power continuously until 1991 under the leadership of the late national father Walter Lini since the independence of Vanuatu in 1980.In 1991, the Waku Party split, and Walter Lini left to form the National United Party.In April 1999, the Waku Party officially established an inter party relationship with the Communist Party of China. It was the first party in the Pacific island country to establish an inter party relationship with the Communist Party of China.Chairman Bob Laffman.
(4) Union of Moderate Parties: Founded in 1974, it is one of the most influential French political parties in Vanuatu.In 1991, under the leadership of the then President Maxim Coleman, he took office for the first time and lasted until 1998.In 2001, it officially established inter party relations with the Communist Party of China.Chairman Alatoi Ishmael Karsakau.
(5) People's Progressive Party: established in 2001, it is composed of Kilman who left the Melanesian Progressive Party.In 2005, the party officially established inter party relations with the Communist Party of China.Chairman Sato Kilman.
(6) Land and Justice Party: established in 2010.It claims to respect land and traditions, and believes that chiefs, churches, women and children are the four pillars of the Vanuatu state. It is necessary to promote national development by protecting its land and businesses.President Ralph Regenwanu.
(7) National United Party: Founded in 1991, it was formed by the late national father Walter Lini who left the Waku Party.In March 2004, it officially established inter party relations with the Communist Party of China.Chairman Ham Lini, Vice Chairman Salas Bly.[1][29]
Dignitaries
Niknik Vorobalv: President.Born in Malo Island, Wasama Province, on December 3, 1951, he received a bachelor's degree in history and politics from the University of the South Pacific in 1977 and a master's degree in diplomacy from the University of Westminster in 1993.He once served as the Ambassador of Vanuatu to China (no post), the Deputy Secretary General of the Pacific Island Countries Forum, and the Vanuatu High Commissioner to Fiji.He was elected President in July 2022.
Charlotte Salvi: Prime Minister, President of the United Change Movement Party.Born in 1964.He entered the political arena in 1991 and was elected as a member of parliament for the first time in 2002. He has successively held several ministerial posts.Served as Premier from 2016 to 2020.In October 2023, he will be re elected as Prime Minister.[27][29]
Economics
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Economically backward, he graduated from the list of least developed countries of the United Nations on December 4, 2020.Agriculture and tourism are the mainstay of tile economy.The service industry and construction industry dominated by tourism are the main driving forces to stimulate the economy.The main economic data in 2022 are as follows:
GDP: $980 million.
GDP per capita: US $3050.
Economic growth rate: 1.7%.
Currency name: Wattu.
Exchange rate: 1 US dollar ≈ 110 Watts.
(Source: International Monetary Fund)[1][21][23]
Industry
Due to the high prices and production costs in Vanuatu, industrial products lack export competitiveness. The industrial products invested by foreign investors mainly replace imported goods and are sold in Vanuatu.There are only small factories for food, wood processing, soap and so on.[7]
Agriculture
The climate and terrain of tile are suitable for agricultural and forage development. 41% of the land is fertile arable land, but only 18% of the cultivated land has been developed.The rural population accounts for 80% of the national population.The main agricultural products are coconut, kava, cocoa, coffee, taro, cassava, sweet potato, banana, etc.The agricultural production mode of tile is backward and develops slowly.[1]
Fisheries
Dozens of foreign fishing vessels cooperated with Vanuatu to fish in its exclusive economic zone.According to the relevant regulations of Vanuatu, foreign fishing vessels can conduct fishing operations in the sea area of 12-200 nautical miles with the consent of Vanuatu.Only citizens of Wa and domestic companies can fish in the sea area within 12 nautical miles, and fishing matters within 6 nautical miles are under the jurisdiction of the local provincial government.The scale of domestic citizens' commercial fishery is small.[7][28]
tourism
Tourism is one of tile's pillar industries and the largest source of foreign exchange income, with the output value accounting for about 1/3 of the gross national product.Most tourists come from Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia.The main tourist attractions are Port Vila, Tana, Santo, Malekula and Pentecost Island.[1]
Finance
In 2021, the fiscal revenue of Vanuatu will be 34.84 billion watts, the expenditure will be 30.97 billion watts, and the surplus will be 3.87 billion watts.By the end of 2021, Vanuatu's accumulated external debt balance was 371 million dollars, with a debt ratio of 36.7%.The main banks in Vanuatu are:
(1) Reserve Bank of Vanuatu: established in 1981, it is the central bank of Vanuatu.Formerly known as the Central Bank of Vanuatu, it was renamed in 1989.
(2) National Bank of Vanuatu: established after taking over the Vanuatu Cooperative Reserve Bank in 1991.In November 1998, it merged with the Vanuatu Development Bank and was a state-owned bank.[1][21]
foreign trade
In May 1995, Vanuatu formally applied to join the World Trade Organization (WTO).In November 2001, Wah Vice Premier Warhol announced that the Wah government decided not to join the WTO for the time being.In May 2008, Vanuatu announced the resumption of WTO accession negotiations.In April 2012, Vanuatu officially became a member of WTO.[7]It mainly exports coconut, cocoa, beef and kava.Vanuatu products are mainly exported to EU, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and other countries, and food, machinery, chemical products, fuels, etc. are imported from Japan, Australia, Singapore, Germany, New Zealand and other countries.[21][29]
In recent years, because some western countries have banned the import of slips on the grounds that they are harmful to human health, the export of slips has declined sharply.[1]
foreign capital
Foreign investment in the Republic of Vanuatu is mainly invested in trust insurance, law, accounting, finance, tourism and other service industries, as well as electricity, communications, commerce and so on.In 2019, foreign direct investment accounted for about 4.2% of the gross domestic product.[1]
Foreign aid
Every year, Vanuatu receives about 17% of its GDP in foreign aid.Foreign aid mainly comes from Australia, New Zealand, the European Union, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, the Asian Development Bank, United Nations agencies, etc. It is generally used for specific projects such as industry, agriculture, education, health care, defense, justice and administration.[7][24]
Culture
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festival
New Year's Day: January 1
"Father of Independence" Anniversary: February 21
Chieftain's Day: March 5
Good Friday: March 21
Easter: March 24
Labor Day: May 1
Ascension Day: May 17
Children's Day: July 24
Independence Day: July 30 (1980)
Ascension of the Virgin: August 15
Constitution Day: October 6
Solidarity Day: November 29
Christmas: December 25th
Family Day: December 26
language
The official languages of Vanuatu are English, French and Bislama, and Bislama is widely used.[5]
Religion
84% of Vanuatu's local residents believe in Christianity, and some people believe in traditional primitive religion.[5]
custom
stayTana IslandWhenever there is a festival or a gathering of relatives and friends, the village will always kill pigs and cattle to celebrate.For example, if a pig is slaughtered, it should be tied to the shelf first, and the son of the chief is riding on the pig's back. Several strong men will lift it up, walk around the village, and recite words to show the sacrifice.Then we can kill them to feast the villagers.[8]
Every time a new village is completed in Santo Island in the north, a new village completion ceremony is held.The man was naked and blacked all over. He only wrapped a piece of bark cloth around his waist, wore feather feathers on his head, and wore a wreath around his ankle. He held a long stick and beat the self-made wooden drum to pray for God's blessing to the village.The ceremony coincided with the return of Jimmy Stewin, a Vanuatu politician and founder of the Nagorny Mayer Movement, to his hometown, adding to the festive atmosphere of the ceremony.
military
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national defense
There is no regular army in the Republic of Vanuatu.[6]
military strength
The Republic of Vanuatu has about 900 police and mobile troops under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior.Vanuatu has signed defense agreements with Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea.Vanuatu police and mobile force personnel have participated in the United Nations peacekeeping operations in East Timor and Bosnia, the PNG Bougainville Peace Monitoring Mission and the Regional Assistance Mission in Solomon Islands.[1]
traffic
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highway
The transportation facilities are backward and expensive.Mainly by sea.The total length of the road is about 1900 km, most of which are earth roads.[5][26]
Railway
Vanuatu has no railway network.[5]
water transport
Vanuatu's waterway is 780km long.The maximum tonnage of inter island transport ships is more than 200 tons, and most of the existing ships are dilapidated and backward.The capital port of Vila and the port of Santo are international seaports, both of which can berth 10000 ton merchant ships.[5]
Vanuatu is an emerging flag country, and about 600 ships are known to fly the Vanuatu flag.The shipping routes between China and Vanuatu include Tianjin/Shanghai - Busan - Port Vila, and Guangzhou - Hong Kong - Sydney - Port Vila.[1]
air transport
All the major islands have airports.Port Vila has an international airport. Before the outbreak of COVID-19, you can fly directly to Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and New Caledonia.Vanuatu AirlinesIt is the only company operating international routes in Vanuatu, and there are nearly 10 routes in China.[1][5]
The Ministry of Justice, Culture, Women and Religion of Vanuatu is the highest leading body for cultural work in Vanuatu. The National Culture Council appointed by the Ministry leads cultural work.The Wa Cultural Center is a specific organization to carry out culture. It consists of the National Museum, the National Library, the Cultural Heritage Registry, and the National Audio and Video Archives.Major cultural organizations include: Nasviru Musick Asosiesen;Vila Amateur Theatrical Society.[5]
education
According to the Wah education system, there are 6 years in primary school, 4 years in junior high school and 3-4 years in senior high school.The primary school enrollment rate reached 95%, but the secondary school enrollment rate was very low.Secondary vocational schools include: National Technical College, Normal College, Nursing School, Police School, etc.The Law Branch of the University of the South Pacific is located in Port Vila.[1][5][28]
media
the Republic of Vanuatu The main newspapers and periodicals are: Daily Post, a private newspaper, which is published in English every day (except Sunday) with a circulation of 3000-5000.
Vanuatu Broadcasting and Television Corporation: as an official news agency, it owns Radio Vanuatu and TV Blong Vanuatu.China International Television (CGTN) and China Radio International (CRI) were launched in 2005 and 2007 respectively.The paid international channels that have been launched in Watts also include RFO/Tele Nouvelle Caledonie, TBN, ABC Australian Network, TV NZ, Telsat Pay TV, LPF Pay TV.[1][25]
medical care
The medical conditions in Wawu Atu are relatively backward.There are 5 hospitals, 27 health centers, 74 clinics and 180 ambulance stations in China.According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, in 2011, Vanuatu's total expenditure on health care accounted forgross domestic product3.8%, calculated according to purchasing power parity, the per capita medical and health expenditure is 172 dollars.From 2006 to 2013, there were 2 doctors, 17 nurses and midwives, 1 dentist and 1 pharmacist per 10000 people on average;From 2006 to 2012, there were 18 hospital beds per 10000 people on average.[5]
People's livelihood
The Government of the Republic of Vanuatu has set the minimum monthly wage at 26000 Watts (about US $240).The goods are fully supplied, but the price is relatively expensive.There are 5 hospitals, 19 medical centers, 66 outpatient departments, 374 beds, 12 doctors and 220 nurses in China.Free medical care is basically implemented.
In 2006 and 2010, Vanuatu was twice rated as a globalHappiness indexThe highest country.
International Relations
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foreign policy
The Republic of Vanuatu actively participates in international affairs and strengthens traditional bilateral and multilateral partnerships. It is a member of the United Nations, the Non Aligned Organization, the Commonwealth, the Community of la Francophonie, the Pacific Islands Forum, the Melanesian Pioneer Group, the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank.He stressed that he should play a constructive role in the Asia Pacific region and be committed to creating a peaceful, harmonious, nuclear free and effective regional cooperation development environment.In March 2018, Wah officially became a member of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.[1]
external relations
Relations with China
Bilateral political relations
ChinaThe two sides established diplomatic relations with Vanuatu on March 26, 1982.Since the establishment of diplomatic ties, the friendly cooperative relations between the two countries have developed smoothly.In February 1983, China's first ambassador (concurrently the ambassador to Fiji) went to Wa to submit credentials.In 1989, China set up an embassy in Vanuatu. In July 1991, China sent a permanent ambassador to Vanuatu. The current ambassador to Vanuatu is Xie Bohua.Wah sent (itinerant) ambassadors to China to submit credentials in 1982 and 1986.In 1996, tileHong KongEstablish honorary consuls.In 2005, Vanuatu set up an embassy in China and sent its first ambassador to China in August.
On November 3, 2004, Vanuatu andTaiwanThe so-called communique on the establishment of diplomatic relations was signed, but was withdrawn on November 10 of the same year.
At 5:30 p.m. local time on November 16, 2018, Chinese President Xi Jinping held a meeting with leaders of seven Pacific island countries that have established diplomatic relations, namely, the Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Samoa, Vanuatu, the Cook Islands, Tonga and Niue, in Port Moresby, the capital of PNG.[9]
Bilateral economic and trade relations
In 2022, the trade volume between China and Vanuatu will be about 108 million dollars, up 8.97% year on year.The export volume of China was 97.05 million US dollars, up 11.42% year on year;The import volume was US $10.76 million, down 9.06% year on year.The Chinese side mainly exports mechanical and electrical products, refined oil, clothing, etc., and mainly imports frozen fish and agricultural products from Wattle.[1][6][19][22]
Relations with the United States
Vanuatu and the United States established diplomatic relations in 1986.The US ambassador to Papua New Guinea also serves as ambassador to Vanuatu.In 1989, Vanuatu and the United States signed an agreement on sending peace teams to Vanuatu.Since then, the United States has sent dozens of peace corps members to Vanuatu every year to help Vanuatu develop its education.The United States also funded Vanuatu police and mobile forces to go to the United States for professional training.In 2005, the United States listed Vanuatu as one of its Millennium Challenge Plan assistance countries, and signed an agreement with Vanuatu in March 2006, promising to provide 65.69 million dollars to Vanuatu for infrastructure construction in the next five years.The United States mainly provides assistance to Vanuatu in education, medical care and humanitarian affairs through the Peace Corps.In addition, the United States also provides development assistance to Vanuatu through the World Bank, the United Nations Children's Development Fund, the World Health Organization and other institutions.In December 2018, Xue Ruifu, Assistant Secretary of the US Department of Defense for Asia Pacific Affairs, visited Vanuatu.In September 2022, President Vuro Balawu of Vanuatu went to the United States to attend the first US Pacific island leaders' summit.In March 2023, Campbell, the coordinator of Indian Pacific affairs of the American Security Council, visited Vanuatu.[1][21][23]
Relations with Australia
WA and Australia established diplomatic relations in 1980.Australia is the largest donor country in Vanuatu, focusing on improving education, health, rule of law and promoting good governance, including providing funds, materials, consultants, scholarships, etc.Vanuatu and Australia have signed a defense agreement.Australia is the largest trading partner and source of imported products of Vanuatu.Australia is one of the main tourist source countries of Vanuatu's tourism industry, and 2/3 of Vanuatu's long-term tourists come from Australia.In March 2015, Australian Foreign Minister Bishop visited Vanuatu.In June 2018, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi visited Australia.In January 2019, Australian Prime Minister Morrison visited Vanuatu.In February 2019, Vanuatu's Foreign Minister Regen Vanu visited Australia.In December 2022, Australian Foreign Minister Huang Yingxian led a cross party delegation to visit Vanuatu.In February 2023, Vanuatu Prime Minister Karsakau visited Australia.[1][21][23]
Relations with New Zealand
Waxin established diplomatic relations in 1980.In 1991, the two countries signed a defense cooperation agreement.New Guinea is one of the major donors to Vanuatu. Since 2007, seasonal workers in Vanuatu have been allowed to work in orchard management.Wa mainly imports drugs, aircraft parts, wood, steel, refrigerants and refined oil from New Zealand, and exports fish and fish products, metal waste and scrap, coconut and palm oil and coffee to New Zealand.New Guinea is one of the major tourist source countries of Vanuatu's tourism industry.A new High Commissioner's Office has been set up in Vanuatu.In June 2016, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited Vanuatu.In August, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi paid a new official visit.In December 2017, Wah appointed the first High Commissioner in New Zealand and set up a High Commissioner's Office in Wellington.In February 2018, Vanuatu's Foreign Minister Regen Vanu visited Singapore.In August, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Vanuatu.In May 2019, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi paid his second official visit to the new country.In June, the new Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Vanuatu.[1]
Relations with Britain and France
Britain and France were the joint suzerainty of Watts.Vanuatu UK relations have undergone major changes in recent years. The UK has reduced its aid to Vanuatu and currently only provides assistance to education.In 2005, the UK closed its special office in Wagao.In July 2019, the British High Commissioner in Wagol Bell submitted his credentials to President Moses of Wagol. This is the first time that the British High Commissioner in Wagol has been stationed in Wagol after 14 years.In November 2022, the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Development of the United Kingdom, John Trevellian, visited Vanuatu.
France is one of the main donor countries of Vanuatu, and has an embassy in Vanuatu.In recent years, French aid to Vanuatu mainly involves education, health, culture, military, justice and other fields.France has certain defense cooperation with Vanuatu through its troops stationed in New Caledonia.In January 2017, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi visited France.In April 2018, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi went to London to attend the Commonwealth Government Summit.In May, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi met with French President Malone in New Caledonia.In November 2022, the State Secretary of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs in charge of development, francophone countries and international partnerships, Zacharo Broro, visited Vanuatu.In February 2023, Vanuatu's Foreign Minister Namat visited France.In July 2023, French President Marcelon paid a visit to Vanuatu.[1][21][23][28]
Relations with Japan
Vanuatu and Japan established diplomatic relations in 1981.Japan's ambassador to Fiji also serves as ambassador to Vanuatu.Since the 1990s, the relations between Vanuatu and Japan have developed rapidly.The two sides have established joint ventures in fishery, meat processing, tourism and other aspects.Riviera has assisted in the construction of Port Vila Airport Expansion Project, Santo Hydropower Station Project, part of the island ring road in Efait, Port Vila Reconstruction Project, and Port Vila Central Hospital Expansion Project.At the same time, Japan sent volunteers and experts to help Vanuatu in education, technology, socio-economic development and other fields.In 2015, Vanuatu Prime Minister Nataman attended the 7th Japan Pacific Island Leaders' Meeting held in Fukushima, Japan.In January 2017, Vanuatu's Foreign Minister Lanken attended the Japan Pacific Island Foreign Ministers' Meeting.In May 2018, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi went to Japan to attend the 8th Japan Pacific Island Leaders' Meeting.In 2020, the Embassy will be set up in Vanuatu.In January 2022, Junsuke Takei, Japan's Deputy Foreign Minister, visited Watanabe.[1][23]
Relations with the EU
Vanuatu has close relations with the EU.Vanuatu is the only EU government financial recipient among the Pacific island countries.According to the 11th European Development Fund of the EU, from 2014 to 2020, the EU will provide about 31 million euros of assistance to Vanuatu.In October 2014, the European Union and Vanuatu held political consultations in Port Vila, where the two sides held in-depth discussions on human rights, governance and the rule of law.In June 2016, Mimika, a member of the European Commission in charge of international cooperation and development, visited Vanuatu.In January 2017, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi led a delegation to attend the fourth annual meeting of the EU Vanuatu high-level political dialogue held in Brussels.[1]
Relations with Pacific island countries
Vanuatu, together with Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Fiji, is a member of the Melanesian Pioneer Group (MSG).The group meets once a year to coordinate its position on regional affairs.The Group Secretariat is now located in Port Vila, the capital of Vanuatu.In September 2017, Vanuatu officially signed the Pacer Plus and formally joined in October 2022.In July 2022, Wah took over as the rotating chairman of MSG.[21][23]
Travel?
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Vanuatu (formerly the New Hebrides), an island country in the South Pacific, is a good place for tourism.In Santo, North Island, there is a place called Xiangbin Beach. With white sand like silver and blue waves, it is a good place for swimming, diving, camping, fishing and other entertainment.And Tana, an active volcano in the South Island, has attracted many tourists.In the middle of Vanuatu, there is a Malukula Island, which has always retained the clan tradition.This is a Naka hut, also called "Traditional Men's House".The roof pressed by coconut leaves and the wall woven by coconut leaves are economical and practical, beautiful and ventilated.
New Hebrides
scenic spot
Port VilaIt is the capital of Vanuatu and located at the southwest end of Efat Island. It is a natural harbor with an area of 23.06 square kilometers and a total population of about 40000.(Among them, about 15% are from France, Australia, New Zealand and other countries, and about 400 are from overseas Chinese and Chinese) Port Vila is the gateway city of Vanuatu. It is the political, economic and cultural center of the country, with a concentration of government departments, finance, commerce, education, health and tourism facilities.Vila Port is also an international and domestic shipping and shipping center, with an international deep-water wharf, which can berth 10000 ton ships;Regular flights from Vera International Airport to AustraliaSydney、Melbourne、BrisbaneandNew ZealandOfAucklandAnd other cities.
Port Vila is famoustourist attractionIt is the place with the most tourists.The whole city is almost covered with forest, just like a big garden.Miley Bay, surrounded by mountains on three sides and by the sea on one side, is a natural havenbirds ' twitter and fragrance of flowersWith convenient transportation and communication in the city, modern hotels and shopping malls have been built, and urban people are living a modern and fashionable life.
ceremony
No chargeTipThe habit of.In Vanuatu, tips andgo beggingAre considered uncivilized.When taking photos (especially in villages), it is best to ask permission first.The residents of the Outer Islands seldom wear transparent clothes, and try to avoid them outside the folk villages and tourist attractionsexposeClothes.Before entering the villagevillagerLicense for.It is considered impolite to knock on the door directly.Vegetables, fruits and other plants growing on the roadside are mostly others'private propertyDo not pick them casually.[1]
4. One business travel certificate in Chinese and English (written on the company's letterhead with address, telephone number and fax number).
5. Fill in one Vanuatu visa application form, one vertical list form and one photo.[2]
report
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In January 2022, Vanuatu lost its right to vote in the United Nations General Assembly due to its failure to pay its contributions to the United Nations.[12]
On January 24, 2022, Vanuatu's voting rights in the General Assembly of the United Nations will be restored after it has paid the specified minimum amount of contributions to the United Nations as required.[13]
state of emergency
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On May 27, 2022 local time, Vanuatu's parliament announced that the country had entered a climate emergency. Vanuatu's Prime Minister said that he would spend 1.2 billion dollars to mitigate the impact of climate change on the country.[14]
network attack
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On November 6, 2022, Vanuatu's newly elected governmentOn his first day in office, he began to notice that the government's computer system had problems, and eventually all government computer services were paralyzed by network attacks.Government officials cannot access government e-mail accounts, citizens cannot renew their driving licenses or pay taxes, and medical and emergency information cannot be accessed.For many government daily affairs, we have to go back to the era of paper and pen to replace computers.As of December 11, 2022,Only about 70 per cent of government services have been restored.[18]
