State of Utah is a state in the western United States.It became the 45th state of the United States on January 4, 1896.The major cities in Utah areThe city of Saline Lake，OgdenandProvo 。fromRocky Mountains，Colorado PlateauAnd the Great Salt Lake Desert.The population is about 3.27 million, and about 80% of the population lives incapitalThe city of Saline Lake.It is mainly composed of the descendants of Mormon believers (the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints) and the descendants of Nordic immigrants.The use of pronunciation is English.In the stateUniversity of Utah。
On March 9, 2024, Utah officially replaced the state flag with a new design, and its previous design (created more than a century ago) became its historical design. SB31 also designated the old design as the state's historical flag.[12]
1776CatholicismFranciscan friars Escalante and Dominguez were the first Europeans to enter Utah. They were looking for direct arrivalCaliforniaThe Green River was discovered in Monterey.
In 1824, hunters James Bridger and Etienne Provost found the Great Salt Lake. They thought they had reached the Pacific Ocean.
1847MormonsLed by Brigham Young, we arrived at Salt Lake City.Europeans began to colonize here in 1847.
In 1848, the United States obtained control of this place from Mexico in the Gaudalupe Hidalgo Treaty.
In 1850, the Utah Territory was established, headed by Brigham Young.
1861 Interstate Telegraph System ConnectionNebraskaOmaha Omaha and the three cities are connected in Salt Lake City.
In 1869, The Union Pacific and the Central Pacific joined in Promontory City, forming the first trans continental railway system in the United States.
On January 4, 1896, it became the 45th state of the United States, and polygamy was abolished.Utah's earliest title was Beehive State, because there are many ice erosion landforms here, which look like bee nests, and now it has become a national park reserve.
In 1913, the Strawberry River impounding project was completed, increasing irrigation water consumption.In 1943, during World War II, the United States military in Mendooway, Utahair base, trained a group of B-29 bomber pilots, and later becameHiroshimaThe executor of the primary explosive.
In 1952, uranium ore was found near Moab.
In 1964, Flaming Gorge and Glen Canyon dams were completed.
Utah was founded one hundred years ago in 1996.[1]
geographical environment
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hydrology
The water system in the territory belongs to three major basins: the eastern part belongs toColorado RiverThe western part of the basin belongs to the inner flow area of the large basin, and the northwest corner belongs to the Columbia River basin.The Great Salt Lake is located in the northeast of Utah. The southwest of the lake is the desert of the Great Salt Lake. The area is about 6200km2 at the highest water level and 2500 km2 at the lowest water level.The salinity of the lake water is 220 ‰, and there is no fish in the water;People never sink in water.The deepest lake is 11 meters.It is the remnant of the ancient Bonneville Lake.Lake inclusionsodium chlorideandSodium sulfate4 billion tons of salt.As the lake surface gradually shrinks, the lake bank also drops again and again, forming multi-level terraces.There is a flat Bonneville salt flat in the middle, which is an ideal venue for high-speed racing.In the Pleistocene between 2.5 million years ago and 10000 years ago, the vast BonnevilleFreshwater lakeArea:lake michigan That big.The Great Salt Lake and the dried up Searville Salt Lake are the remnants left after the evaporation of the ancient Bonneville Lake.[2]
landforms
Utah's landforms includeColoradoThe valley across the rivernational parkCanyonlands National Park, Rocky Mountains Valley and Hongyancanyon。
In the southern half of Utah, there are landforms eroded by wind and water. Most of these picturesque landforms are protected by national parks.In Bryce Canyon, Paiute Indians believe that these strange shaped rocks are a magical tribe, which were turned into stone pillars because they offended the gods. These strange rock pillars are also called "hoodoo".The name hoodoo is also synonymous with black magic and evil spells. Each of these stone pillars looks like a soul standing in the vast canyon.
Arrived 150 years agoGreat Salt LakeThe Mormon ancestors in the valley built their own homes here in search of religious freedom.With their efforts and traditional family values, they turned the desert into farmland, so Utah is nicknamed Beehive State.
The earth's surface is not covered by many plants and earthquakes are frequent in the past. This is a very good classroom for geologists to study the earth.In many parts of Utah, hundreds of millions of years of strata are exposed to sunlight and the history of crustal changes and the earth is described.stayColoradoThousands of pieces excavated in the sandstone layer of Dinosaur National Monument, a dinosaur national memorial park on the border with Utahdinosaur fossilThere are exhibitions all over the United States.The countless strange rocks in Utah also let people play a lot of imagination. For example, rocks nicknamed Watchman, the castle, course of the Patriarchs, Queen Victoria and Fairyland are good examples.In Capital Reef National Park, a 100 mile longGreat Barrier ReefThe rocks of the earth's surface are living through the formation of the earth's surface.
To the east of the North Great Salt Lake lies the Middle Rocky Mountains, includingUinta Mountains The Wosaki Mountains and the Uinta Mountains are the only major east-west mountains in the United States. The Kings Peak, with an elevation of 4123 meters, is the highest peak in the state.The piedmont on the west side of the Wasatch Mountains is the most densely populated, cultivated and industrially developed area in Utah;Located in this area, Salt Lake City is not only the industrial and commercial center and transportation hub, but also the political, cultural and religious center of Utah.
The Rocky Mountains、Colorado PlateauAnd the Great Salt Lake Desert constitute three major features of Utah's natural geographical landscape.The Colorado Plateau covers more than half of the state.Here, the terrain is steep, the valley is deep and the rock is steep, and the erosion of natural wind and water over the years has caused many wonders and scenic spots in various forms, such as the natural arch of Tianshengqiao Bridge, the colorful canyon abyss, etc., attracting countless tourists to explore.To the west of the plateau isLarge basinPart of.Occasionally, there are some abrupt isolated peaks on the vast and flat desert.
climate
Utahtemperate continental climate The average temperature in July is 18~27 ℃, and the average temperature in winter is slightly lower than the freezing point except in southwest China.The average annual precipitation is 300 mm, and the annual precipitation in the Great Salt Lake Desert is less than 125 mm.Utah's climate is characterized by sunny, warm and dry weather.Located in the north center of UtahThe city of Saline LakeThe average temperature in January is - 2 ℃, and that in July is 25 ℃.Southwest of UtahCedar City (Cedar City), the average temperature in January is - 1.5 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 23 ℃.The annual average precipitation (including rainfall and snowfall) of Salt Lake City is 380mm, while the basin and mountain areaColorado PlateauThe annual precipitation of is less than 130 mm, and that of the Wasatch Range and Uinta Range is 1270 mm.[3]
administrative division
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Utah is divided into 29 counties: BeaverBox Elder、Cache、Carbon、Daggett、Davis、Duchesne、Emery、Garfield、Grand、Iron、Juab、Kane、Millard、Morgan、Piute、Rich、Salt Lake、San Juan、Sanpete、Sevier、Summit、Tooele、Uintah、Utah、Wasatch、Washington、Wayne、Weber。[4]
population
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Utah Villa
In 2020, Utah will have a population of 3.27 million, accounting for 0.98% of the total population of the United States. More than 60% of the population will be Mormons.[11]Utah's population is mainly distributed inWasatch Front (Watch Front)Wasatch Mountains (Watch Mountains) the surrounding metropolitan area.
The racial proportion of Utah can be divided into:
85.3% YesWhite(No Spanish ancestors) 9.0%Hispanic2.1% mixed race 1.7% Asian American 1.3%Native Indians0.8% of African Americans According to the census, among the ancestors of Utah residents,Britisher(29%), followed bya german(11.6%), Americans (6.8%)DenmarkPeople (6.5%), Mexicans (6.1%).
9.4% under 5 years old 32.2% under 18 years old 8.5% over 65 years old 49.9% women 50.1% men.
resources
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More than 40 kilometers southwest of Salt Lake CityBingham Canyon , located in the world's largest open-pit copper mine.The mining area was originally a small hill, but now it has been excavated into a large pit.The upper part is large, the lower part is small, and at the bottom, there is only a small sharp valley.Looking down from a high place, the whole mining area is like a big pot.The pot mouth is 4 kilometers wide and 960 meters deep.Two seatsEmpire State BuildingIt can't be stacked to the end.This is the largest hole ever dug by human beings.A road circled down, as if there were white circles in the black iron pot.In the deep of the mine, the huge excavator can dig more than 24 tons of ore every time.An 8 km long underground conveyor belt carries ore out of the pit.Since 1904, 5 billion tons of ores have been transported here.In addition, more than 100000 tons of copper ores are mined every day and transported to large copper plants for smelting.[4]
traffic
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Utah is a major traffic artery in the west, with 4800 kilometers of railways in the state.In 1869, the eastern and western road building armies met in Promontory, north of the Great Salt Lake, and nailed the last spike - the gold spike.Since then, the United States mainland has changed from east to west.Forty or fifty thousand Chinese workers participated in the construction of this railway, and they made great contributions to it.The highway in the state develops rapidly.Salt Lake City has a well-equipped airport.[4]
Economics
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Bingham Canyon Copper Pit, Utah, USA
Utah has a dry climate and few arable land due to its mountains.The income of animal husbandry accounts for about 70% of that of agriculture and animal husbandry, producing cattle and milk, turkey andegg, sheep and wool, etc.The valley area has developedIrrigated agricultureAnd grow forage (alfalfa), barley, wheat and sugar beet fruits and vegetables.Utah's economy has been diversified since the 1970s. In addition to agriculture and mining, manufacturing, finance, transportation and tourism have also developed.There are more than 200 kinds of mineral resources in the prefecture, and 38 kinds of mineral resources have been exploited on a large scale.The output of copper accounts for 1/5 of the whole country, and its output value accounts for more than half of the total mineral value of the whole prefecture.Utah is the largest producer of beryllium in the country, which is widely used in aerospace and nuclear technology.Gold, silver, leadmolybdenumIts production is one of the top four big states in China.A large amount of magnesium and other minerals can also be extracted from the Great Salt Lake.The reserve of coal is 115 billion tonsMississippi RiverThe main coal producing areas of the region.The oil reserves are estimated at 410 million barrels.Utah is also the only state producing hard asphalt in the country.The main manufacturing industries include food processing, transportation machinery, oil refining, etc.During the Second World War, some defense factories and air bases were built in Utah;In the 1950s, several huge rocket engine factories were established, and uranium mining also developed rapidly.
gross domestic product
The GDP in 2007 was 105.658 billion US dollars, an increase of about 7.8% over the previous year's 97.963 billion US dollars.The main composition is as follows (US $100 million):
2006 2007
private enterprise
Total 848.00 918.64
Mining 33.12 35.31
Building 60.14 59.22
Manufacturing 107.14 119.52
Wholesale trade 48.35 52.68
Retail trade 72.40 81.26
Transportation and warehousing 35.86 40.62
Information industry 36.99 39.85
Financial insurance 96.43 99.66
Real estate 108.59 119.89
government
Total 131.51 137.93
Employment status, income level and consumption level
Employment status: According to the 2007 American Community Survey, there are 1912000 people over the age of 16, including 1328000 labor (69.5%), accounting for 66.6% of the total.
Income level: 835000 families, with an average family income of 55000 dollars, ranking the 40th in the United States.Consumption level: 835000 housing units (71.7% self occupied, 28.3% rented);In 2007, 96% of households owned more than one car;More than 30% of households spend 27.3% of their total income on housing.
Major industries
In 2007, the main industries accounted for 3.3% of GDP, 5.6% of GDP, 11.3% of GDP, 5% of GDP, 7.7% of GDP, 3.8% of GDP, 3.8% of GDP, 9.4% of GDP in mining, 5.6% of GDP in construction, 11.3% of GDP in manufacturing, 5% of GDP in wholesale trade, 7.7% of GDP in retail trade, 3.8% of GDP in transportation and storage, 3.8% of GDP in information industry, 9.4% of GDP in finance and insurance, 11.3% of GDP in real estate, and.
Infrastructure
Transportation: The Salt Lake City International Airport has complete facilities and high service standards. Based on the Salt Lake City, it has established an aviation hub and developed highways. There are 6 interstate highways passing by, connecting the east and west coasts of the United States.
Logistics: Due to the convenient air and land transportation conditions, the logistics system is relatively complete.There are nearly 10 third-party logistics enterprises in the state, and dozens of relevant enterprises in the United States also cover the business scope of the state, providing various logistics services;There are many large warehouses and transport fleets.In 2007, the GDP of transportation and storage reached 4.02 billion US dollars, accounting for 3.8% of the total.
Education: Utah has a high level of education.There are 14 colleges and universities in the state, including the University of Utah, Brigham Young University, Utah State University in Logan and Agricultural College.The University of Utah is the oldest research institution west of the Mississippi River Basin.In 2007, Yang Baihan University ranked 70th in the United States, and its business school ranked 10th. Its tuition is lower than that of other universities in the same ranking.In addition, there are 718 public primary and secondary schools in Utah.
Financial services: financial and insurance institutions are complete, with more than 10 national banks, dozens of professional banks and dozens of credit institutions having offices in the state.In 2007, the GDP of the financial and insurance industry reached 9.966 billion US dollars, accounting for 9.4% of the total.Convenient access to financial services.
Tourism: There are abundant tourism resources, including Hongyan Canyon, 16 world-class ski resorts, vast waters, 5 national parks, 44 state parks and historic sites, 6 national monuments, and 7 state-owned forest areas.The capital Salt Lake City is named after the Great Salt Lake.The best seven ski resorts are only an hour's drive from Salt Lake City.The tourist facilities are complete, and the road and hotel network are complete.
Real estate: The housing is comfortable, and the house price is lower than the national average.In 2007, the real estate GDP reached 11.989 billion US dollars, an increase of 9.4% over the previous year, accounting for 11.3% of the total GDP of the state.
Enterprise situation
University of Utah
Utah has more than 47000 enterprises, including nearly 8000 enterprises with 1-4 employees, about 20000 enterprises with 5-9 employees, more than 8000 enterprises with 10-19 employees, more than 5000 enterprises with 20-99 employees, more than 4000 enterprises with 100-499 employees, and more than 1700 enterprises with more than 500 employees.In 2007, the annual sales of the enterprises ranked last in the world's top 500 enterprises totaled 14.88 billion US dollars, while the annual sales of Huntsman (chemical industry), the largest company in Utah, was only 13.15 billion US dollars.
General situation of foreign tradeIn 2007, the total export volume reached 7.9 billion US dollars, including 6.99 billion US dollars for processed products, 690 million US dollars for non processed products (agriculture, forestry, fishery, mining, etc.), and 220 million US dollars for re export.The main export products include gold, other metals, electronic products, electronic machinery, precision instruments, chemical and related products, food and metal smelting products, among which the export amount of gold is more than US $3 billion, accounting for 38.8% of the total.The main export markets are Britain, Switzerland, Canada, Japan, Belgium, Mexico, the Philippines, South Korea, Germany, etc.
Economic and trade relations with China
Utah's exports to China are relatively small. In 2007, its exports to China were less than 100 million dollars, accounting for a small proportion of its total exports.The direct investment of the United States in China in 2007 was about more than 5 billion dollars, but the specific amount of investment in this state was not separately counted.It is understood that Nu Skin Enterprises, founded in 1984 in Plovo, Utah, has so far invested more than 85 million dollars in China, with annual sales of nearly 1 billion yuan.
Laws and policies on attracting foreign investment
Utah has no restrictions on foreign investors. Investment incentive policies and tax policies include:
Exemption from company registration tax.
No property tax is levied on commercial inventory.
If the total cost of the factory building of the new company is more than 5 million dollars, 5% of the construction cost can be exempted as the payroll income tax.
10% of corporate income tax can be used to purchase anti pollution equipment.
The sales and use of the following industries can enjoy exemption from sales tax: manufacturing industry, mining industry and R&D chemicals, food, coin operated laundry and car washing industry, building materials purchased by the government, medical equipment, consumer goods, taxisgolfRecycling equipment, some machinery and parts, park facilities, pollution control facilities, mining equipment, film and television products, military supplies, some agricultural products, etc.
Investment institutions: Division of Economic Development,Department of Community and Economic Development）。Its investment application procedure depends on different industries, and it needs to apply for permission from different competent authorities in Utah.Investment institutions provide a wide range of services, such as the Small and Medium sized Enterprises Administration (SMA), which provides the broadest range of information services and resource services free of charge to small and medium-sized enterprises, implements many support policies for small enterprises, and provides capital loans, vocational training and advisory assistance.(Utah has a foreign trade zone, FTZNo.30).
Procedures required for enterprise registration: enterprise registration is a rigorous and complicated matter. It is recommended to choose a professional American accounting agency to handle it, which is conducive to ensuring the legitimate rights and interests of the company in the future development process.It usually takes 15-30 days for professional accounting institutions to register companies.Copies of professional service qualification license, shareholder passport/ID card and other documents are required.
Private investment promotion and service institutionsMainly include: Utah State Chamber of Commerce, Utah Manufacturers Association, Economic Development Corp of Utah, and Utah Technology Alliance.Each city also has corresponding institutions, such as the Park City Chamber of Commerce.In 2007, two popular exhibitions were held in Salt Lake City in summer and winter.The Utah Bar Association has many members and provides complete and legal services.[5]
Culture
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Religion
In terms of religion, Utah has the highest proportion of single religion in the United States, and the proportion of population belief is
In December 2013, the Browns from Utah, the United States, were accused of polygamy in court, and the judge announced that the prohibition of polygamy was unconstitutional in court. Since then, the case has not been finally tried due to huge disputes.
On August 27, 2014, the final judgment of federal judge Clark resolved all outstanding matters, and the Brown family also won a huge victory.The judge not only ruled that the anti polygamy law in Utah was unconstitutional, but also considered that the rights of the Brown family had been violated, and gave the Brown family attorney fees and mental damages.It means that polygamy is legal in Utah.[7]
Travel?
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The landform of Utah amazed early explorers at that time. Here areColorado RiverCanyonlands National Park, Valley of Rocky Mountains and Red Rock Canyon.
Utah has five national parks (Okawa National ParkBryce Canyon National Park、Koyanglundi National Park、Kapitri Orange National Park, and Ryan National Park), 48 state parks, 6 national monuments, and two national leisure areas.Other places worth seeing in Utah include StGeorgiaThe Mormon Temple of St. George, the Great Salt Lake in the west of Salt Lake City, Bonneville Salt Flats, and the drive through ages in the north of VernalGeographical region, and Goudeng Spike National Historic Site in Promontory.[8]
Celebrities in Utah include actress Maude Adams, film director and writer Hal Ashby, computer programmer and executive director Nolan Bushnell, historian Bernard De Voto, restaurant and hotel executive director John W. MarriotMerlin Olsen, a sportsman and actor, Donnyand Marie Osmond, a singer and performer, and Loretta Young, an actress.[9]
