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The physical and chemical properties of molten alkali and its application in energy conversion process, including as catalyst, reaction medium, electrolyte and heat carrier.
The mixed molten salt has a lower melting point and higher catalytic activity than the pure component. The physical and chemical properties (such as melting point, viscosity, etc.) of different alkali metal carbonates can be optimized by reasonable matching, which can improve their catalytic activity, enhance liquidity, and reduce the solubility of electrode material NiO in molten carbonates.
The melting point is 1773.5 ℃, and the maximum heating temperature of the platinum crucible cannot exceed 1200 ℃ when it is used. Considering the temperature error, it is recommended to use the platinum crucible below 1150 ℃. When heating and burning, it should be carried out in the electric furnace or on the oxidation flame of the gas lamp. It is not allowed to heat the platinum crucible in the reduction flame or the flame emitting black smoke.Or make the platinum utensils contact the blue flame core in the flame to prevent the formation of platinum carbide.Do not heat oxides of molten alkali metals in platinum crucibles,hydroxide, barium oxide,Sodium thiosulfate。Phosphorus and sulfur containing substances, alkali metal nitrates,nitrite, chlorides, cyanide, etc. can form brittle platinum phosphide, platinum sulfide, etc. with platinum under high temperature, and can corrode platinum.
During warm heating, it shall not contact with any other metal. It must be placed on platinum triangle or ceramic, clay, quartz and other materials in platinum dishes. It is not allowed to treat halogen and substances that can decompose halogen, such as aqua regia, bromine, hydrochloric acid and oxidants, such as chlorate, nitratepermanganate、manganese dioxide, chromate, nitrite, etc., and halide and oxidant.Ferric trichlorideThere will be a thin layer of crystal on the surface of the platinum dish after it is used for a long time. It must be removed in time to prevent it from penetrating into the interiorDilute nitric acidMedium boiling, hydrochloric acid about 1-1.2mol/l, should not contain nitric acid, nitrate, halogen and other oxidants.If it is impossible to clean with dilute acid, use potassium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate or borax to melt clean, if there is still stain or the surface is black, use 100 meshes of fine sand without sharp edges and corners (preferably sea sand) to moisten it with water and gently rub it to restore the luster of the surface.
Containing substances
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Containing heavy metals, such as lead, bismuth, tin, antimony, arsenic, silver,mercuryCopper and other sample compounds cannot be burned and heated in platinum crucibles, and these heavy metals are easy to be reduced to metal and platinum to form alloys
