Spirits are high concentration spirits, also calledDistilled liquor, due todistillationThe distillates extracted during the process are different, sometimes divided into“Cephalic”、“Erqu”Or“Erguotou”Etc.Distillation is an indispensable method in liquor making and a major field of liquor development.
Because of liquor makingfermentationThick produced in the processEthanol solutionThe yeast can be killed and the fermentation cannot continue, so the ethanol concentration of the fermented liquor can only reach 10% - 15%.butalcoholThe boiling point of is 78.2 ℃. After heating, the temperature exceeds the boiling point of alcohol but does not reach the boiling point of water. The alcohol vapor escapes, and then it is condensed to obtain ethanol solution of 80% - 90% concentration. After blending, it can produce high concentrationLiquor。
BrandyIt means "fired wine" and is often called "the soul of wine".Brandy is the transliteration of English Brandy. It is made of fruitfermentation、distillationMade wine.It originally came from Brandewijn in Dutch, which means "combustible wine". The famous brandy, CALVADOS, is distilled from apples and has a very good taste.
The brandy alcohol is between 40-43 degrees. Although it is a strong liquor, it has a soft taste and pure fragrance after a long time of aging. After drinking, it gives people an elegant and comfortable feeling.
Qin wine(Gin), also known as“Gin”Or“Gin”It is the first kind of strong liquor made for special purposes by human beings. The hometown of Qin Liquor is in the Netherlands. It originated in 1660 and was first invented by a Dutch university professor, Hilbis. Its purpose is to prevent Dutch people from contracting tropical diseases. It was originally used as a diuretic and antipyretic agent.It was not long before people found that this diuretic had harmonious aroma, harmonious taste, mellow and elegant wine, clean body, clean and refreshing natural style, and was soon regarded as a formalAlcoholic beverageDrinking.World famousMartini〔Martini〕CocktailIt is made of Qin wine, so it is called "the heart of cocktail".
The origin of Qinjiu - Holland.
agave
tequilaAlso called "Tequila", it isMexicoIts specialty is called "the soul of Mexico".Tequila is a small town in Mexico. This wine is named after its origin.Tequila liquor is sometimes called "tequila" liquor because of its special raw materialsagave(agave) as raw material.Tequila is a kind ofAgaveThe plant, which usually grows for 12 years, is cut and sent to the distillery after maturity, and then cut in half and soaked for 24 hours.Then squeeze out the juice, add sugar to the juice and send it into the fermentation cabinet for fermentation for two to two and a half days, and then distill it twice.
RUMIt is a kind of distilled liquor produced from sugarcane molasses, also known asRum、RumOr rum.The sugar juice pressed from sugarcane is fermented and distilled.The main production characteristics of this wine are: select special aroma producing (ester producing) yeast and add bacteria producing organic acid, ferment together, and then distill and age.
Rum is a slightly yellow and brown liquid with a delicate, sweet taste and a fragrant alcohol flavor.It doesn't matter whether the rum is aged or not, it mainly depends on the country of origin.It is divided into two styles: light and strong.
Vodka(VODKA) with grain orPotatoAs the raw material, it is distilled to produce alcohol up to 95 °, then diluted to 40 ° - 60 ° with distilled water, and filtered with activated carbon to make the wine more crystal clear, colorless, light and refreshing, which makes people feel not sweet, bitter, and astringent. Only the stimulus of flame forms the unique characteristics of vodka.Therefore, in a variety of cocktailBase liquorAmong them, vodka is the most flexible, adaptable and versatile wine.
The origin of vodka - Russia.
Whisky
Whisky(Whiskey) is called“Water of life”。BarleyRye、oats, wheat, corn and other grains as raw materials, after fermentation and distillation, they are put into oak barrels for aging and blending.The main producing countries are English speaking countries.
WhiskyMainly divided into Scotch whisky,IrelandWhisky, Canadian whisky and American whisky.
Liquor and Spirits
Chinese spirits, also known as Shaojiu, Laobaigan, Shaodaozi, etc., are defined as: taking grain as the main raw materialDaqu、DittyorBran kojiAnd distiller's yeast are saccharification starter, which are made by cooking, saccharification, fermentation and distillationDistilled liquor。The fermented grains or fermented mash are made of starch or sugar raw materials and distilled.
The liquor is colorless (or slightly yellow) and transparent, with pure fragrance, sweet and clean in the mouth, high alcohol content, and after aging in storage, it has a compound flavor dominated by esters.All kinds of liquors are brewed by boiling, saccharifying, fermentation, distillation, aging and blending of starchy (sacchariferous) raw materials with koji and yeast as saccharifying and fermenting agents.
The origin of liquor - China.
Clear wine
Sake is light yellow or colorless in color, clear and transparent, fragrant and pleasant, pure in taste, soft and refreshing, harmonious in sour, sweet, bitter, astringent and spicy flavors, with alcohol content of more than 15%, and rich in amino acids and vitaminsBeverage wine。
The production technology of Japanese sake is very exquisite.The selected rice should be rinsed to make it white, absorb water quickly when soaked, and be easy to steam;The fermentation is divided into two stages: pre fermentation and post fermentation;Sterilization treatment shall be carried out once before and after bottling to ensure the wine's shelf life;Pay attention to specifications and standards when blending liquor.For example, the quality standard of "Songzhumei" sake is: alcohol content is 18%, sugar content is 35g/L, and acid content is below 0.3g/L.
Vodka VODKA can be added with orange juice, the proportion is 1ounceAdd 3 ounces of orange juice to the vodka (most of the drinks are mixed with one ounce of liquor (one ounce is equal to 30 ml<British liquor measuring device>if the American liquor measuring device is used, one ounce is about 28 ml), three times as many drinks. If the liquor is strong, you can also add more drinks. I will not repeat the following mixing proportion. If it is different,I will say it.There are too many ways to drink wine. I only say that you can make your own simple drink at home. It's the most popular drink in the bar!
Vodka VODKA can also be addedLemon Juice<BestWatsonsBrand>fresh pressed too sour;Vodka can be addedSoda water；Or plusTang Lishui. or plusRed plum juiceCRANBERRY JUICE or addApple Juice，Grapefruit juiceThe above drinks should be served with ice cubes.
Whisky
1. Add cola;
2. Jiasu fetches water.
BRANDY
1. Add cola;
2. Draw water from Jiasu;
Superior brandy<cognac>The best pure drink, nothing to add, the best match is to smoke a strong flavorCigar!!!
Qin wine GIN
Add tonic water<the most popular>.
Rum RUM
1. Add cola;
2. Add lime juice;
3. Soda water;
4. Hot water+brown sugar<brown sugar>two spoons, this one is called HOT TODDY.
Tequila
1. Add orange juice, add three or four drops of red pomegranate syrup, and mix well. This wine is calledTequila Sunrise ——In additionMexico sunset ，把Pomegranate syrupChange it to lemon juice, not lime juice
2. Pure drink<small cup>: when drinking, put some salt on the tiger's mouth of your hand, prepare lemon slices, lick the salt first, then drink it in one mouthful, and finally bite the lemon slices.
3. PlusSpritePut a cover on the mouth of the cup<paper cover or book can>the proportion is the same as I said at the beginning. When drinking, after adding Sprite, cover it, knock the bottom of the cup on the table below, then quickly remove the cover, and drink it all in one gulp. This is called TEQUILA POP
Relationship with health
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Drinking will hurt your health,[2]according toUniversity of Southern CaliforniaAccording to a new research report released recently, if women drink more than two glasses of strong liquor every day, they will suffer fromGynecological diseasesThe risk of postmenopausal diseases will be greatly increasedEndometrial carcinomaThe risk will be more than doubled.
University of Southern CaliforniaResearchers have tracked and investigated about 41000 women for eight years, and found that drinking strong liquor can harm women's bodies, except for liver, resulting inmammary cancerIn addition, it may also cause endometrial cancer.Researchers pointed out that women can drink some alcohol properly, but trying strong liquor can only harm their bodies.
Drink strong liquor frequentlycancer cellIt grows fast.Although drinking alcohol cannot directly lead tocancerBut it is carcinogenic“Accomplice”It will not only worsen the condition, but also inhibit the immune system and make people lose their resistance.In particular, long-term drinking of liquor is likely to promote the growth of cancer cells and induceesophageal cancer、liver cancer、pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, etc.
Long term drinkers are prone to cancer. First, find out the reason from the raw materials of wine making.Rice, sorghum, corn and other grains are the main raw materials for wine making. If not properly preserved, moldy and deteriorated grains contain a large amount ofAflatoxinThe temperature of wine making cannot kill these toxins.aflatoxinToxin strongCarcinogen, plus alcohol andaldehydeIt is easy to induce cancer cells.
Secondly, long-term drinking will causeDystrophic cirrhosisLiver cirrhosis is the basis of liver cancer.HepatitiscirrhosisWe'd better give up drinking.In addition, people who often drink alcohol lack vitamin B1Vitamin B6And folic acid, among which vitamin B6 and folic acid are crucial to human health.Therefore, it is best to supplement properly before and after drinkingvitamin A、vitamin C, vitamin B, etc.
Don't often drink strong liquor, which contains carcinogens and is harmful to your health if you drink too much.
National situation
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In March 2019, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has formulated relevant draft laws to raise the age limit for purchasers of strong alcohol products from 18 to 21.According to the laws of the Russian Federation, alcoholic drinks with an alcohol degree of more than 16.5% belong to strong liquor.In case of uncertain age, the salesperson has the right to ask the buyer to show his/her certificate.[1]
