The carbon conductive material is made from electric calcined anthracite, petroleum coke, graphite chips, coal tar pitch, etc. through batching, molding, roasting, and mechanical processing
Carbon electrode is a kind of carbon conductive material, which is mainly made of electrically calcined anthracite, petroleum coke, broken graphite, coal tar pitch and other raw materials through batching, molding, roasting and mechanical processing. It is a new type of energy-saving and environmental protection material gradually popularized in China since the 21st century. As a conductive electrode for submerged arc furnace, it can be widely used in industrial silicon, ferroalloy, calcium carbideDuring the smelting of metals or nonmetals such as yellow phosphorus.Carbon electrode is an energy-saving and environment-friendly productcalcium carbide、ferroalloyThe use of submerged arc furnace can greatly reduce smelting power consumption and reduce pollution.It is a new generation of electrode paste.
Chinese name
Carbon electrode
Foreign name
charcoal electrode
Genus
New energy-saving and environment-friendly materials
Carbon electrode is mainly made of petroleum coke and needle coke as raw materials, coal tar pitch as binder, through calcination, batching, kneading, molding, roasting, graphitization and machiningarc furnaceThe conductors that release electric energy in the form of arc to heat and melt the furnace charge can be divided into ordinary power, high power and ultra-high power according to their quality indicators.[1]
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1、 Electrodes in galvanic cells
Electrode is the basic component of primary battery.Using spontaneityRedox reactionThe device that generates current is called galvanic cell. A galvanic cell must be composed of two basic parts: two electrodes and electrolyte solution.Give the electrode where the electron oxidizes, such asDaniel batteryThe Zn electrode in is called negative electrode because of its low potential;The pole that receives electrons for reduction reaction, such as the Cu pole, is called positive electrode because of its high potential.
According to the state of the electrode material, the electrode can be divided into three categories.The first type of electrode is metalelectrodeAnd gas electrode, such as zinc electrode and copper electrode in Daniel battery, and standardhydrogenElectrode;Type II electrodeIt is metal metal insoluble salt electrode and metal metal insoluble oxide electrode, such as Ag AgCl electrode.The third type of electrode isRedox electrode(Any electrode is an oxidation-reduction electrode, and the oxidation-reduction electrode here refers to that the substances participating in the electrode reaction are all in the same solution), such as the electrode composed of Fe3+and Fe2+solutions.
2、 Electrodes in Electrolytic Cell
The electrode iselectrolysisIn the process, the current enters or leaves the conductor of the electrolyte.The electrolytic process is the redox reaction on the electrode phase interface.
The electrode is divided into cathode and anode. The anode is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and oxidation reaction occurs on the anode;The cathode is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and reduction reaction occurs on the cathode.
There are many kinds of electrolytic materials. Carbon electrode is commonly used. In addition, titanium and other metals can also be used as electrodes.In electroplating, the metal containing plating metal is often used as anode, and the products to be plated are used as cathode.
3、 Electrode
The component of a battery, which is composed of a series of mutually contacting phases, one end of which is an electronic conductor - metal (including graphite) orsemiconductorThe other end must be an ionic conductor electrolyte (here refers specifically toelectrolyte solution, referred to as "electrolyte" or "electrohydraulic").The electrode with the simplest structure should include two phases and one phase interface, namely [metal | electrohydraulic].The electrode defined above is also called "half battery".
4、 Representation of electrode
Usually, the battery will be marked with a "+" symbol, which is the positive pole, and the other end will be marked with a "-" symbol, which is the negative pole. At the same time, only the positive pole of the battery has a "+", while the negative pole does not.The color can also represent the positive and negative poles: red represents the positive pole, and black represents the negative pole.[1]
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increasesmeltThe output of submerged arc furnace reduces power consumption by 15-20%;Reduce labor intensity (smelting 1 ton of ferroalloy consumes about 60kg of electrode paste and 12kg of carbon electrode, reducing the number of electrode operations), and simplify the production process;Avoid or reduceSelf baking electrodeThe frequent "soft break" and "hard break" accidents improve the working environment and save operating costs.
Carbon electrode includes:
(1) Common power carbon electrode.It is allowed to use carbon electrodes with current density less than 17A/cm2, which are mainly used for ordinary power electric furnaces for steelmaking, silicon smelting, yellow phosphorus smelting, etc.
(2) Oxidation resistant coated carbon electrode.The surface is coated with a layer of antioxidationThe carbon electrode of the protective layer forms a protective layer that can conduct electricity and resist high temperature oxidation, reducing the electrode consumption during steelmaking.
(3) High power carbon electrode.It is allowed to use carbon electrode with current density of 18~25A/cm2, which is mainly used for high power electric arc furnace for steelmaking.
(4) Ultra high power carbon electrode.It is allowed to use carbon electrode with current density greater than 25A/cm2.It is mainly used for ultra high power steelmaking electric arc furnace.[2]
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At present, graphite electrode with higher price has been replaced in industrial silicon and yellow phosphorus smelting furnace.On submerged arc submerged arc submerged arc furnace with the same capacitygraphite electrodeIn comparison, the diameter of carbon electrode can be larger (Φ 650 - Φ 1200mm carbon electrode can be produced in China now, and the graphite electrode can only be Φ 600mm in China now), so that the arc belt in the furnace is widened, the arc line is stable, the hot melting efficiency is guaranteed, the product output is increased, and the product power consumption is reduced.The smelting cost of per ton ferrosilicon is reduced by 300-400 yuan, and the smelting cost of per ton calcium carbide is reduced by more than 100 yuan.Compared with other carbon products, carbon electrode has the characteristics of wide application field, and can be used in industrial silicon, yellow phosphoruscalcium carbide, ferroalloy and other smelting submerged arc furnaces.At present, developed countries have all used carbon electrodes in submerged arc furnaces.
It seems that it is not very common to have retail carbon electrodes on the market. If you don't have high requirements for experiments, you can only remove the carbon electrode from the battery and clean it.The carbon electrodes on those batteries can be used for electrolysis experiments.
However, if you have high requirements for the quality of electrolyzed solution, it is better not to use carbon, because if you electrolyze those solutions for a long time, the carbon powder in the solution will be mixed in the solution, resulting in the solution after the point solution is completely like a bottle of black ink, which needs to be precipitated.If it is the second case, it is recommended that you use metal as the electrode.There are also many metals that can be used as anodes, if not for electrolytic meltingsodium chlorideIn high temperature electrolysis experiments like this, only some solutions are electrolyzed. It is suggested to use metals such as titanium or tantalum as electrodes, but carbon as electrodes. It is not good.[2]
