Volcanic cone isvolcanoA hill formed by the accumulation of ejecta around the spout outlet.Due to ejectednature, how different andEruptionThe volcanic cone has various shapes and structures.According to the composition, there are clastic cones composed of pyroclastic materials;LavaConstitutiveLava cone(lava mound);Debris andLavaMixing cone formed by mixing.According to the form, there are shield shaped, dome shaped, bell shaped and other volcanic cones.The conical volcanic cone is the standard image of the volcanic cone.
Chinese name
Volcanic cone
Foreign name
volcanic cone
Standard image
conical
Three types
Clastic cone, lava cone, mixed cone
Morphological correlation
It is related to the nature of eruptive lava
Largest volcanic cone
Baitou Mountain, the main peak of Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, China
Lava landforms are various landforms formed by magma flowing and cooling along the ground from the crustal fracture.Such as lava hills, lava ridges, lava covers, lava tunnels, lava barrier lakes, lava waves, etc.Under the lithosphere, there is an asthenosphere in which the rocks are molten, and the magma during volcanic eruption mainly comes from this.Due to crustal fractureNeotectonic movementOr plate movement, underground magma gushes out of the surface to form lava flow, accompanied by a large number of gases and other volcanic eruption materials. After the volcanic eruption, various types of lava landforms will be left behind.
Volcanic cone is near the channel (crater) where magma flows out of the ground. After magmatic activity stops, various volcanic ejecta cool, solidify and accumulate to form conical hills, which are called volcanic cones.[1]
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There are three basic types of volcanic cones.
All or basically multi-layer basic lava is composed of a lava cone, which is flat in shape and gentle in slope (2 °～ 10 °), with a bowl shaped crater on the top.The huge one is called shield volcano.
The clastic cone is composed entirely of volcanic debris.Its plane is approximately circular, with a slope of about 30 °, and there is a funnel shaped crater on the top.
The composite cone, also called layered volcanic cone, is composed of lava and debris interbedding.The slope is mostly more than 30 °, and the shape is relatively symmetrical. The upper part is full of lava, and the lower part and edge are mainly volcanic debris.The crater is bowl shaped or funnel shaped.[1]
In addition, there are small volcanic cones on some volcanic cone slopes, whose channels are connected with the channels of the main volcanic cone, and there is no independent magma source.These small volcanic cones are called parasitic cones.[2]
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Mayon volcano is the largest active volcano in the Philippinesconic, like a huge triangular candlestickcoconut forestIn the middle of the rice field, it is beautiful and spectacular, and is known as "the most perfect volcanic cone in the world".
It is said that there was a woman here in ancient times who was beautiful and kind-hearted and sacrificed her ownlife。
People were moved by her filial piety, and built a large tomb for her. Later, it grew into a peak, very similar to that of JapanFuji, and often surrounded by white clouds, it seems very dignified.
There are almost no trees in the upper half of the mountain, and dense forests grow in the lower half. In some places, from the mountain to the foot of the mountain, you can see the traces of volcanic eruption.The Mayon volcano still emits smoke from time to time.[3]
