Phobos isMarsThe smallest onesatelliteThe average radius is 6.2 km (3.9 miles), and the escape speed is 5.6 m/s (20 km/h). It is a known smaller and more outer satellite of Mars.[3]
Deimos is the smallest satellite on Mars, with an average radius of 6.2 kilometers (3.9 miles) and an escape speed of 5.6 m/s (20 km/h). It is a smaller and more outer known satellite on Mars. The other is Phobos, whose distance from Mars is 23460 kilometers (14580 miles). It orbits Mars in a period of 30.3 hours,The track speed is 1.35 kilometers per second.Its system name is Mars II. Its pronunciation in English is pronunciation:/ˈdaɪməs/DY-məs;It can also be/ˈ di ː m ə s/DEE-m ə s;Greek: Δε 兰;Or o DAY moce or DEE moce
In Greek mythology, Phobos isAres（Mars）AndAphrodite(Venus) 'other son "deimos" means "panic" in Greek.
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Phobos
Phobos was discovered by Assaf Hall at the US Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., at about 07:48 (UTC) on August 12, 1877 (the time recorded at that time was the astronomical convention starting at noon of a day, "14:40 on August 11" in Washington, D.C., so 12 hours must be added for local peacetime).After deliberately searching for the moon of Mars, Hall also discovered Phobos at about 09:14 GMT on August 18, 1877.
Phobos
Phobos, named Deimos, is the image of fear in Greek mythology.The name was originally spelled asPhobusandDeimusHenry Madan (1838 – 1901), a science teacher in Eaton, based onIliadNarration in Chapter 15 of this book: Here Ares (the Roman myth is Mars) calls out what fear (Demos) and fear (Phobos) suggest.Celestial properties
Phobos was captured by Hall on August 10, 1877US Naval ObservatoryDiscovered byPirate 1Take his picture for the first time.Phobos and Phobos may move around Mars due to the disturbance of asteroids and the action of Jupiter.So far, there is no complete and satisfactory theory to explain why Phobos and Phobos rotate around Mars.Phobos Deimos (pronounced "DEE moss" in English) is one of the two satellites of Mars, which is smaller and farther away from Mars, and is also the smallest satellite in the solar system.
Phobos andPhobosIs made up ofC-type asteroidThey are made of carbon rich rocks, and they all have deep pits,
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Phobos
Phobos' orbit is nearly circular and close to the equatorial plane of Mars.Phobos, the satellite on the outer side of Mars, may be an asteroid perturbed by Jupiter into an orbit that can be captured by Mars, but this hypothesis is still controversial and opposed. The orbits of Phobos and Phobos are almost circular and close to the equatorial plane of Mars, adding that a mechanism is needed to turn the initially high flat heart rate orbit into a circle,And adjust its inclination to enter the equatorial planeTidal forceHowever, it is not clear how long it will take for Phobos to make such a change.
Look at Phobos from Mars, itsApparent diameterIt will not exceed 2.5 minutes (60 minutes is 1 degree), only 1/12 of the moon when viewed from the earth, so it looks like a star point to the naked eye.When it is at its brightest ("full moon"), its brightness is approximately close to Venus as seen from the Earth;The brightness of the top and bottom chordwoman weaverLook closely with a small telescope. Observers on Mars can see the phase of Phobos. It completes a phase change with 1.2648 days (Phobos' synoptic cycle).
Phobos
Unlike Phobos, which revolves at a very high speed, it actually rises from the west to the east;Phobos is rising from east to west, and Phobos is gradually moving away from Mars.However, the convergence period of Phobos and the sun is about 30.4 hours, which exceeds the Martian solar day ("sol") of 24.7 hours on Mars. This slight time difference makes observers at the Martian equator only observe it once every 2.7 days. Because Phobos's orbit is relatively close to Mars, and its inclination to the equatorial plane is also small,Therefore, Phobos cannot be seen in the polar region with latitude higher than 82.7 ° on Mars.
Mars can still see Phobos regularly fromPassing in front of the sun。But it is too small to causeTotal solar eclipseThere will only be a small black dot crossing the surface of the sun.Its angular diameter is only seen from the earthVenus transitThe apparent diameter of Venus is 2.5 times.On March 4, 2004, the Mars roverOpportunity numberImages of Phobos transiting;On March 13, 2004, Spirit also photographed another transit.[1]
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On November 5, 2013, India successfully launched its firstMars probe——"Mangarian".On December 1, "Mangarian" left Earth orbit and flew to Mars. It is expected to enter Mars orbit in September 2014, 10 months later.The mass of "Mangarian" is about 1.35t, the size is similar to that of a refrigerator, and the exterior is wrapped with a golden film.The following five main loads are carried:
（1）Raman spectrometerThe relative content of hydrogen and deuterium in the atmosphere is determined by measuring the amount of Raman radiation in the outer atmosphere of Mars (the exosphere and the atmosphere at the bottom of the exosphere), so as to find out the cause of water loss in the atmosphere of Mars.
(2) The Mars methane detector is used to test the methane content in the Martian atmosphere, with an accuracy of one part per billion.The detection area is only limited to the sunshine area, which is mainly based on the principle of atmospheric reflection of solar radiation.
(3) Martian atmospheric exosphere composition analyzer, a quadrupole mass spectrometer, is used to analyze the composition of neutral substances.
(4) The Mars color camera is a three color camera with a width of 50km and a ground resolution of 25m. It is used to monitor the climate conditions and dynamic changes on the surface of Mars, as well as two Mars satellites (Phobos andPhobos）And provide environmental information for other scientific research loads.
(5) Thermal infrared imaging spectrometer can use infrared thermal imaging to monitor targets day and night, and can detect the mineral composition of Mars[2]。
In April 2023, the first Mars probe of the United Arab Emirates Space Agency, "Hope", sent high-definition pictures of Phobos, the second satellite of Mars.[4]
