The clean water reservoir is a regulation and storage structure in the water supply system to regulate the uniform water supply of the water plant and meet the uneven water use of users.Since the water supply capacity of each water supply plant is different from the general layout of the water plant, the number, capacity, plane size, depth and structure type of the clean water reservoir of the water plant are different, but their construction methods and requirements are the same and similar.
The clean water reservoir is a reservoir for storing purified clean water in the water plant to adjust the production balance between the water production and water supply of the water plant, and to meet the chlorination contact time.The clean water reservoir is a regulation and storage structure in the water supply system to regulate the uniform water supply of the water plant and meet the uneven water use of users.The role of the clean water tank is to let the filtered clean and clear filtered water flow along the pipeline to its interior for storage, and add liquid chlorine again in the clean water for a period of time to disinfect the water bodyEscherichia coliAnd other germs to achieve sterilization effect.The effective volume of clean water reservoir includes regulationvolume, fire water consumption, water used by the water plant and safe reserves.The regulating capacity of the water plant can be estimated according to the maximum daily water consumption based on operating experience.
effect
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Clear water tank plays the following roles in urban water supply:
(1) In order to achieve fixed production based on sales, set pressure based on demand, and transfer water under pressure, the limited and valuable water resources will be fully developed and utilized in the case of insufficient water supply,implementThe three peak water supply principle of "more delivery at peak, more storage at low peak", the so-called three peak is the maximum period of water storage called the water peak, the minimum period of water use called the low peak of water use, and the period between high and low peaks called the peak of water use - the peak of water use - the peak of water use - the time when the maximum production capacity of existing equipment can not meet the external water demand, and the production capacity is greater than the water demand at low peak, so it is necessary toUnder the condition of meeting the water demand during the low peak time, the excess water is stored with the regulation capacity of the reservoir (clean water reservoir), which is the flow regulation function of the clean water reservoir.
(2) The principle of water plant scheduling is to balance production and supply, which means how much is needed and how much is produced.External water demand is dynamic. Even at the same water consumption peak, its water consumption changes from time to time. That is to say, the water supply is dynamic. To achieve the balance between production and supply, the production is required to be dynamic, but for the production process, it is required to be stable.The clear water pool has the function of regulating the flow, and has also played a role in stabilizing production within a certain period of time.
(3) Reservoirs (clear water reservoirs) have different functions due to different geographical locations.For example, the disinfectant added to the clean water tank of the water purification plant is more effective due to the retention of water in the clean water tank;The water tower, the water tank on the roof of the building and the high-level clear water tank in the urban area play a role in regulating the flow and stabilizing the service pressure.
(4) When the water intake, water purification (production well) and other processes of the water purification plant fail, the water volume of the clean water reservoir can ensure continuous external water use in a short time.[1]
Cleaning work
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The clean water tank of the water plant is generally cleaned and disinfected once a year;The pressurized reservoir is generally vented and inspected once every quarter or half a year, and it is found thatChironomus plumosus Or if there is too much sand and mud, it must be cleaned immediately.
When the raw water or water purification process is specially polluted and the clean water tank or reservoir is confirmed to be polluted by inspection, it must be immediately emptied, cleaned and disinfected;Microbial contaminationDuring the high incidence period, it is necessary to observe the occurrence of red worms at the tap wrapped in the clean water reservoir in real time. If the number of red worms suddenly rises.The cause should be analyzed immediately. If it is determined that the clean water reservoir has been contaminated by red worms, it must be cleaned immediately.
When cleaning the clean water tank and reservoir, the cleaning personnel must carefully clean the tank wall and bottom.During cleaning, all sundries (sand, stone, etc.) in the pool shall be thoroughly cleaned, and the conditions in the pool shall be carefully checked. After cleaning, it is necessary to ensure that there is no stick slip phenomenon on the pool wall and bottom, no visible mosquitoes, no mud, sand and other substances left in the pool, and ensure that the drainage well (suction well) is clean. After cleaning, the water in the pool must be drained.Microbial contaminationIn the high incidence period or during the drainage and emptying inspection of the clean water tank and reservoir, if it is found that the red worm pollution is serious and the number of red worms is large, it can be used for cleaningSodium hypochlorite solutionClean and disinfect the tank wall and bottom.
After the clean water tank and reservoir are cleaned, sodium hypochlorite solution or chlorine water spray disinfection or immersion disinfection can be used.The pool wall and bottom shall be sprayed with sodium hypochlorite solution or chlorine water with effective chlorine concentration of 100mg/L, and the retention time of the agent shall be controlled within 30~60min.Sodium hypochlorite solution or chlorine water shall be used for immersion disinfection. The water level of immersion disinfection shall reach 0.3~0.6m. Each water plant shall determine the time according to the pool structure, which is generally 2~3h. After 2~3h, the residual chlorine mass concentration shall be higher than 20mg/L.During off peak water supply period or when time allows, the water plant and booster station should try to extend the action time of disinfectant to improve disinfection effect;For peak water supply period, spray disinfection or immersion disinfection of clean water reservoir and reservoir can increase the effective chlorine concentration of disinfectant and reduce the action time of disinfectant.During immersion disinfection, disinfectant shall be poured into the water suction well to ensure that the residual chlorine is not less than 100mg/L, and then immersion disinfection of the whole pool (warehouse) shall be carried out.After immersion disinfection, the disinfection water in the tank shall be drained.After disinfection, personnel shall not enter the clean water reservoir or reservoir.In the period of high incidence of microbial pollution or during the drainage and emptying inspection of the clean water tank and reservoir, if it is found that the red worm pollution is serious and the number of red worms is large, the disinfectant spray disinfection and immersion disinfection should be used at the same time, or the concentration and action time of the disinfectant should be properly increased. During immersion disinfection, the immersion disinfection depth can be appropriately increased.
After the cleaning and disinfection of the clean water tank and reservoir are completed, records shall be made, including: description of the conditions in the tank, microbial conditions, immersion disinfection concentration, time, recovery time, etc.In case of any abnormal condition, it must be reported to the relevant person in charge of the water plant and booster station for inspection and handling.
During the cleaning of clean water tank and reservoir, the brightness in the tank must meet the requirements of the tank, and low-voltage lighting equipment shall be equipped during the cleaning;During the cleaning process, the technical team and laboratory team of the water plant must supervise and sign on the site to confirm the conditions in the tank and the cleaning quality before cleaning;Disinfection operators shall wear protective equipment and take safety protection measures.[2]
Regulating volume method
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The regulating volume of the clean water reservoir is usually calculated by two methods: one is based on the 24-hour water supply and water consumption change curve, and the other is based on experience.The former needs to know the change rule of urban water consumption in 24 hours, and draw up the water supply line of the pump station on this basis.In the absence of data on the change rule of water consumption, the regulation volume of urban clean water pool can be estimated as 10%~20% of the maximum daily water consumption based on experience.For cities with large water supply, a lower percentage can be used to avoid too large clean water reservoir due to the small change of 24-hour water consumption.The clear water tank has the function of supplying water at peak and storing water at low peak.
