Heinrich B ö ll, German writer, 1972The Nobel Prize in LiteratureWinner.Joined in 1939University of CologneStudy Germanic philology and enlist in the army in the same year untilthe Second World Warend.I've been wounded, I've been a prisoner, yesfascistOfaggressive warcherish an undying hatred.In his early works, Burr examinesNazismOfReign of terror, seeing the war andpolitic forceThe meaningless suffering brought to ordinary people.In his later works, he fiercely attacked the moral decay under the economic prosperity, and criticized the tyranny and hypocrisy of social and religious institutions.He died in 1985.It is called "German conscience".
Heinrich was bornCologne, whose parents are carpenter Victor Burr and his wife Maria.Heinrich is his father's eighth childThree sons。Maria is Victor's second wife.thisPetty citizenThe family believes in Roman Catholicism, thus rejectingNazism。
From 1924 to 1928, Burr studied at the Catholic Civic School.After that, Emperor William, who was transferred to the state, finished.After graduating from high school in 1937, he began to work in thebonn OfbooksellerLempertz became an apprentice.It was interrupted for some reason after eleven months.During this period, he began his first attempt at literary writing.In 1938, Burr took a year of imperial voluntary service.In the summer of 1939, he enteredUniversity of CologneHe studied Germanic linguistics and classical philosophy, and began to write his first novel, The Edge of the Church. But at the end of summer, he was drafted into the army.Since then, he served in the army until he was captured by the US Army in April 1945 and released in September of the same year.
In 1942, Burr returned to Germany from the front line for a holiday, and married Anemarie, whom he had known for many years.Born in 1945, their first son Christopher died shortly after birth.Then they gave birth to three sons, Raymond, Renee and Vincent respectively in 1947, 1948 and 1950.
After an operation, he died at his home in Cologne on July 16, 1985.
Creative career
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Balti Literary activitiesFromthe Second World WarAfter.From 1946 to 1952, he successively published the novella The Train Arrives On Time (1949), the novel Adam, Where Were You?, and the short stories The Throwing Knife Artist (1948) and The Black sheep (1951).These works are mainly based on the Second World War, revealingfascistThe evil of the war reflects the suffering of the German people, with a gloomy and depressed tone.
From 1953 to 1965, Burr's creative theme changed from criticizing war to criticizing post-warWest GermanySociety, the social experiences of small traders, clerks, orphans and widows and other small people became the main content of his works.Representative works include Silence (1953)《Billiards at half past nine》(1959), The Clown's View (1963), etc.
Chinese translation of Burr's book The Clown's View
In the 1970s, Burr published Lenny and They (1971)《The disgraced Katarina Borom》(1974) and "Guardianship" (1979), three important works, through the unfortunate experiences of small people, show the life style of German people before the war, during the war and at present, expose the drawbacks of West German society, and make its literary achievements reach a new peak.
House Without a Master, German version
War lifeBurr's experience and experience of the situation of the lower people have accumulated rich creative materials.Novella The Train Arrives On Time (1949), collection of short stories The Wanderer, If You Come to Spa... (1950) and novels《Adam, where have you been?》(1951) is his early masterpiece.They were drawn from the Second World War, exposing and criticizing the evils of the fascist war and the disasters caused by the war to the people.Since then, the writer's writing style has extended to real life. The novels Silence (1953) and House without a Master (1954) mainly describe the difficult situation and suppressed mentality of the "little people" after the war, criticize the social injustice, and remind people to be vigilantMilitarismThe resurrection of.The novel Billiards Starts at 9:30 (1959) was built, bombed and rebuilt by three generations of a Rhine familyMonasteryThe story ofHistory of Germany, whipped the villains who followed the trend and warned people to stop the fascist forces with practical actions.A novel published in 1963《The Joker's View》Marked the creation of the writerNew stage。It uses flashback to observe from the perspective of a clown, and comprehensively and profoundly criticizes the politics, religion, law, ethics and morality of society.In the 1970s, Burr's creation reached a new peak.Major representative novels《Ladies and all beings》(Lenny and They, 1971), describes the persecution of a kind and honest working woman in society.The novel has many characters, complex plots and rapid changes in time and space, which shows the writer's profound artistic skills.The novella Catalina Brom (1974) and the novel Under the Protection Net (1979) are two novels with related themes.The former wrote about a lower class woman who sufferedMediaThe slander and slander ofThe pressThe darkness and injustice of the police;The latter is further revealed in“welfare society”The deep crisis lurking under the calm surface.
Burr has always advocated that writers should pay attention to reality,to intercede on life。Most of his works criticize the current situation, expose darkness and criticize the current situation.stayArtistic SkillsAbove all, he is concise and comprehensive, good at creating lifelike characters with intuitive techniques, often injecting strong exaggeration into calm and simple line drawing to exaggerate the atmosphere, satirize, and absorbMontage、Inner monologue, flashback, association, symbol, documentary and other modern means of expression, forming a unique style.Other works include novellas《The end of a business trip》And the novel Women before the River Scenery.
1972 "In order to praise his works, these works are bothYesThe broad perspective of the times and the exquisite skills in shaping characters will helpGerman Literature", Burr was awardedThe Nobel Prize in Literature。[1]
Lady and All Beings is a book published by the People's Literature Publishing House. The author is (Germany) Heinrich Boll;Translated by Gao Niansheng.
The Clown's View is one of the representative works of Heinrich Burr, a German writer and Nobel Prize winner in literature.novel.Created in 1963.It mainly wrote about the experiences of the little people in the post-war "economic miracle" of West Germany, and was called an important work of "disobedience literature" formed in this period.There is a film of the same name adapted from this novel (1976).
Under the protection network
Author nameHeinrich Boll
Work time1987-5
Lenny and them
Author nameHeinrich Boll
Work time1981-8
Heinrich Boll is a famous novelist of the former Federal Republic of Germany. He was born in Cologne in 1917 as a sculptor.In 1939, Burr entered Cologne University to study German language and literature, but was soon recruited into the army and served in the military until 1945.During the war, he accompanied the army to France, Poland, Romania, Hungary and other countries.Captured in April 1945, released in September, returned to Cologne University to continue
Adam, where have you been?
Author nameHeinrich Boll
Adam, where have you been?,ISBN：9787532722259，Author: (Germany) [Heinrich Boll];Translated by Yu Longfa
Silence
Author nameHeinrich Boll
Work time1996-2
Through the marriage tragedy of a middle-aged couple, this work vividly depicts the poverty-stricken life and the depressed and wandering psychology of small citizens, thus showing a bleak scene of the West German people rebuilding their homes in the ruins after World War II.
AsWorld War IIPost Germany“Ruins literature”Heinrich Burr, an important writer ofChinese literatureRich inspiration.However, in the literary world of the 1980s, Burr did not receive enough attention, and his identity as a Nobel Prize winner did not impress people with a strong "Nobel complex"Chinese writer。The reason why Burr was snubbed in China was that the "modernist" craze at that time influenced the reading direction of Chinese writers, leading to foreign countriesliterary translationThe good wish of the world and the research community to urge "ruins literature" to provide reference for "new era literature" has not been realized.
Evaluation
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1. Burr's novels, from 1947 to 1951, were mainly based on the Second World War... they exposed and criticized fascismaggressive warThe suffering of ordinary German soldiers forced to serve as cannon fodder reflects the suffering of the German people.The tone of these works is dark and depressed, which renders the war as an abstract struggle between man and destiny, resulting in the destruction of man.He thinks that "war is boring", it is like“Typhoid disease”The same is a terriblenatural phenomena。But these works, to a certain extent, inspired the German people to understand the disaster of war《Wanderer, if you go to Spa》The causes of the war have been revealed, with profound implications.
(From Encyclopedia of China · Foreign Literature · Burr H.)
2. Burr's novel creation follows the realismLiterary tradition, which truly reflects the important phenomena in the post-war development stages of West Germany.In art, he extensively absorbed many new techniques of modern novels since the 20th century, such as inner monologue, montage, symbol, weird association, etc. After the 1960s, he emphasized the objective authenticity and news of novel eventsDocumentary technique。He also created a large number of essays, essays and radio plays, and translated foreign works.
Burr has struggled with human shortcomings all his life. He denounces war, criticizes the country and society, and also criticizesmass mediaAnd the church. It reflects righteousness and harmony in himGermanySpirit, because of this, he is called "German conscience"······If Burr and Germany'sCultural trendCompared with many forms after the "Cultural Revolution" in China, it is not difficult to see that there is a cultural interest in them, which should not be ignored when we re build a large number of Burr.
(From People Don't Exist to Be Governed, Reading, 1998, Issue 3)
