Xishui County, subordinate toHubei provinceHuanggang CityIs the national plan for the revitalization and development of the Dabie MountainsWuhan Metropolitan AreaKey area, located inDabie MountainThe south foot, east of Hubei Province and north bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, inclines from northeast to southwest, and belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, with a total area of 1949.3 square kilometers,[11]By the end of 2022, Xishui County has a registered population of 971900.[8]As of June 2023, Xishui County has jurisdiction over 12 towns and 1 township,[7]The People's Government of the County is located at No. 7, Shiziheng Street, Qingquan Town.
Former name of Xishui CountyQishui County, in order to avoidQichun CountyThe name of the county was mixed, and it was changed to Xishui County in the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933).In 1995, it was subordinate to Huanggang City.[10]He was the medical king of the Northern Song DynastyPang AnshiPatriotic poetWen YiduoYour hometown,[6]SameChen Tanqiu、Dong Biwu、Communist military commander、one of the Ten Great Marshals、Deng Xiaoping、Li XiannianWhere the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries fought and lived.Xishui has been advocating culture and education since ancient times. Since it was established in the county for more than 1560 years, it has bred Pang Anshi, a famous doctor in the Northern Song Dynasty, Yao Minggong, the prime minister of the Ming Dynasty, Chen Kang, Wen Zhi, 110 Jinshi and 418 Juren, the top civil and military scholars of the Qing Dynasty;Wang Han, the pioneer of the 1911 Revolution, Tang Hualong, the general director of education of the Republic of China, and Xu Fuguan, the master of modern new Confucianism;Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there have been academicians Wen Lishi and Wen Yumei, famous economists Zhong Pengrong, space marshal Cen Zheng, more than 500 doctors, more than 1000 journalists and other modern celebrities, who enjoy the reputation of "all Chu Wenxiang".[6]There are many scenic spots in the territory, such as Sanjiaoshan National Forest Park.
The total length of the Yangtze River coastline in Xishui County is 40.6 kilometers. There are three deep-water wharves: Bahe, Lanxi and Sanhua, including one 5000 ton deep-water wharf, which can access Sichuan from the top and Shanghai from the bottom.The Beijing Kowloon Railway runs through the whole territory, reaching Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou day after day.Shanghai Chengdu Expressway, Daguangbei Expressway, Ma Wu Expressway and Wu Ying Expressway cross the border.[11]
In 2023, Xishui County's GDP will be 30.356 billion yuan, an increase of 6.2% at constant prices.[4]
Chinese name
Xishui County
Foreign name
Xishui County
area number
four hundred and twenty-one thousand one hundred and twenty-five
Administrative Region Category
county
Region
Huanggang City, Hubei Province
geographical position
Eastern Hubei Province
Area
1949.3 km²
Area under jurisdiction
12 towns and 1 township
Government residence
No. 7, Cross Street, Qingquan Town
Area Code
0713
Postal Code
four hundred and thirty-eight thousand and two hundred
Xishui belonged to Yangzhou in the Xia and Shang Dynasties.
Zhou, the state of Xianzi, was later destroyed in Chu. It belonged to Jiujiang Prefecture of Chu, and was governed by the prefectureShouchun(Anhui todayShouxian County）。
Qin, still belong toJiujiang County。From the end of Qin Dynasty to the time when Chu and Han coexisted (about 207 BC), it was divided into Jiujiang Prefecture, Hengshan Prefecture and Zhuzhou Prefecture (now in Xinzhou District, Wuhan City).Xishui CountyHengshan County。
From the Han Dynasty to the Jin DynastyYuzhouQichun County.
In the 25th year of Yuanjia of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (448 years), Liu Song Dynasty, Qiyang County was located in Xishui County (west of the Xihe River) in the west and Qishui County (east of the Xihe River and west of the Qihe River) in the east, and was subordinate to Xiyang County of Yuzhou.Xishui County has been established since then.South beamordinaryIn the first year (520), the name of Xishui County was changed from "Xi" to "Xi". Since then, Xishui County has been under the jurisdiction of Yong'an County, Hunan Province.[10]
Sui Dynastythe name of a kalpaAt the beginning, states and counties were abolished simultaneously.Sui DynastyGreat causeIn 607, Qichun County was re established and Xishui County and Qishui County were led.[10]
In the fourth year of Tang Wude (621)Qishui County, incorporated into Qichun County.Xishui County was changed to Lanxi County because there were many orchids on both sides of the Xi River.TrimbleIn the first year (742), Lanxi County was changed to Qishui CountyHuainan RoadQizhou.
Yuan, LiHenan ProvinceQizhou Road, Jiangbei Road, Henan Province.In the 11th year of Zhizheng era (1351), Xu Shouhui revolted against the Yuan Dynasty, called the Red Scarf Army, and established political power. The country's name was Tianwan, and the capital of the country was located in Qishui County to govern the Qingquan Temple in the northeast, and Liantai Province was set up, with the head of all officials, presiding over the administration.[9]
In the early Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Qizhou Prefecture.In the 11th year of Hongwu (1378), it was renamedHuangzhou PrefectureAll of them were in Wuchang Road, the Chief Executive of Huguang.
Qing Dynasty, Li DynastyHuguang ProvinceHuangde in the Han Dynasty led to Huangzhou Prefecture.
In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the government was abolished and the county was saved, belonging to Hubei ProvinceJianghan RoadIn the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926), the road was revoked and the county was directly under the province.In June of the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), the county was renamed "Xishui", belonging to the Third Administrative Supervision District of Hubei Province.In April of the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), he was subordinate to the Second Administrative Supervision District, and in the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), he was subordinate to the East Hubei Administrative Office.In the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), the administrative supervision area was restored, and Xishui County was still under its jurisdiction.[10]
On April 8, the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), the county town was liberated.In May, the county people's democratic government (established in September 1947) moved from Yangci Zhangaokou to the county seat.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in October 1949, the People's Democratic Government of the county was changed into the People's Government of the county, which was subordinate to the Huanggang District of Hubei Province.
In 1968, Huanggang District was changed into Huanggang District, with Huangzhou as the district and the county as the county.[10]
In 1995, it was attached to Huanggang City.[10]
administrative division
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Division evolution
In the Ming Dynasty, the county was divided into five townships.That is, Yimen South Township (governing the north, governing Jiudu three maps and fourteen li), Yimen North Township (governing the northwest, governing Badu three maps and thirteen li), Kaiyuan Shangxiang (governing the southeast, governing Jiudu two maps and twelve li), Kaiyuan Xiaxiang (governing Badu two maps and ten li), Yongfu Township (governing the southwest, governing Jiudu one map and nine li).[8]
Along the Ming Dynasty, the whole county was divided into five townships, namely Nanxiang, Beixiang, Shangxiang, Xiaxiang and Yongfu.There are miles in the countryside: fourteen miles in the south, twelve miles in the north, twelve miles in the upper, ten miles in the lower, and nine miles in Yongfu.The names of each village are numbered in Chinese characters in turn, and are preceded by the first character of the village name, such as "Nanyili", "Beisanli", "Shangjiuli", "Xiashili", "Yongyili", etc.
In the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1908), the five townships were changed into eleven districts, each named according to its location. The east of the county was the first district in the east and the second district in the east;The south of the county is the South First District and South Second District;The west of the county is the West First District, West Second District and West Third District;In the north of the county, there are North 1 District, North 2 District and North 3 District;The county seat and its suburbs are the central area.
In the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), the county was divided into five districts and two towns;The first district office has Chengguan, the second district office has Qiyangping, the third district office has Lanxi, the fourth district office has Bahe, and the fifth district office has Tuanbei;The two towns are Liwen and Gongchen.Joint insurance, insurance and A are set below the district.
In the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), it was changed into seven districts: Chengguan in Qingquan District, Bahe Town in Bahe District, Guankou Town in Guankou District, Ximafan in Xima District, and Lanxi Town in Lanxi District.It has jurisdiction over 28 townships, 359 households and 5084 households.[8]
On May 15, the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), the whole county was liberated.Seven districts will be set up first.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in December of the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), Qingquan District was renamed Yunlu District, Zhuwa District was divided into Wanggang District and Maqiao District, Xima District was divided into Xima District and Caihe District, Qingquan Town was renamed Chengguan Town, with nine districts and one town in the whole county.
In 1950, Baojia was abolished and the administrative village was established.There are 177 administrative villages in the county.[8]
In 1951, the whole county was adjusted from village to township, with 9 districts and 178 townships.Chengguan Town has not changed.[8]
In July 1956, the district system was abolished and the township system was retained.There are 14 central townships in the county, with a total of 58 townships (agricultural cooperatives under the jurisdiction of the township), three towns under the jurisdiction of the county (Chengguan, Bahe, Lanxi) and one township directly under the county (looking at the urban and rural areas).
In January 1958, the whole county was changed into 68 townships in 8 districts and 1 town.In August, 68 townships were transformed into 44 people's communes.In October, eight people's communes were established in the district, namely, October commune, Bahe commune, Wanggang commune, Tuanbei commune, Guankou commune, Caihe commune, Xima commune and Lanxi commune.The former small commune was changed into the management area under the jurisdiction of the large commune.
In March 1961, the district structure was restored. The original people's commune was changed into a district, the original management area was changed into a commune, and the whole county was set up with 9 districts and 1 town (Chengguan Town).It has jurisdiction over 69 communes and two towns (Bahe and Lanxi).[8]
In 1974, 69 communes in the county were merged into 18 communes, with 622 brigades and 4670 production teams under their jurisdiction.
In 1984, there were districts and townships, 10 districts and 5 towns in the county, and townships under the districts, namely Wangcheng District, Bayi District, Zhuwa District, Wanggang District, Tuanpi District, Guankou District, Caihe District, Luyang District, Xima District, Malong District, Qingquan Town, Bailian Town, Bahe Town, Lanxi Town, Sanhua Town.
In October 1987, it was withdrawn from the district. The county has 12 townships, 14 towns, and 628 administrative villages (excluding neighborhood committees) under the jurisdiction of townships and towns.That is, Maqiao Township, Zhudian Township, Songshan Township, Huagui Township, Sandian Township, Daling Township, Huhe Township, Luyang Township, Yanqiao Township, Yuyan Township, Liushengang Township, Xihe Township, Qingquan Town, Zhuwa Town, Wanggang Town, Tuanpo Town, Guankou Town, Caihe Town, Bailian Town, Xima Town, Dingsidang Town, Malong Town, Sanhua Town, Lanxi Town, Bahe Town, and Bayi Town.[8]
In 1996, Xishui County governed 14 towns and 12 townships: Qingquan Town, Bayi Town, Bahe Town, Zhuwa Town, Wanggang Town, Tuanpo Town, Guankou Town, Bailian Town, Caihe Town, Xima Town, Dingsidang Town, Malong Town, Lanxi Town, Sanhua Town, Maqiao Township, Xihe Township, Zhudian Township, Songshan Township, Huagui Township, Daling Township, Sandian Township, Huhe Township, Luyang Township, Yanqiao Township, Yuyan TownshipLiushengang Township.The county government is located in Qingquan Town.
By the end of 2004, Xishui County had a total population of 1030412, governing Qingquan, Bahe, Zhuwa, Wanggang, Tuanpo, Guankou, Bailian and Caihe[8]There are 19 neighborhood committees and 649 village committees in Xima, Dingsidang, Sanhua, Lanxi 12 towns and Luyang Township.
By the end of 2005, Xishui County had jurisdiction over 12 towns, 1 township, 19 neighborhood committees and 648 village committees.[8]
Zoning Details
As of June 2023, Xishui County has jurisdiction over 12 towns, 1 township, 2 management offices (committees), 1 development zone, and a total of 644 administrative villages (communities),[6]The People's Government of the County is located at No. 7, Shiziheng Street, Qingquan Town.
Division code for statistics
name
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million and one hundred thousand
Goodsprings
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and one thousand
Bahe Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and two thousand
Zhuwa Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and three thousand
Wanggang Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and four thousand
Tuanpi Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and five thousand
Guankou Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and six thousand
Bailian Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and seven thousand
Caihe Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and eight thousand
Xima Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and nine thousand
Ding Si Dang Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and ten thousand
Sanhua Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million one hundred and eleven thousand
Lanxi Town
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million and two hundred thousand
Luyang Township
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million and four hundred thousand
Cehu National Wetland Park Management Office
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million four hundred and one thousand
Sanjiaoshan Tourist Resort Management Committee
four hundred and twenty-one billion one hundred and twenty-five million four hundred and two thousand
economic development zone[7]
Location context
Xishui County is located in the east of Hubei Province, on the north bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and at the southern foot of the Dabie Mountains.It is adjacent to Qichun County in the east, Tuanfeng County in the north, and Ezhou City and Huangshi City across the river in the west.It is adjacent to Yingshan County and Luotian County in the northeast.The geographical position is 115 ° to 115 ° 38 minutes east longitude and 30 ° 12 minutes to 30 ° 49 minutes north latitude.The whole county is 61.3 kilometers wide from east to west, 68.5 kilometers long from south to north, and covers an area of 1949.3 square kilometers.Xishui has been the thoroughfare of seven provinces since ancient times.Qingquan Town, the county seat, is 40 kilometers away from Huangzhou, the seat of Huanggang Municipal Government, and 100 kilometers away from Wuhan, the provincial capital.[11]
Xishui County People's Government
topographic features
Xishui County inclines from northeast to southwest, with the highest point at the top of the eastern triangle, 1055 meters above sea level;The lowest point is Meizi Lake in the southeast, 14.5m above sea level.There are three types of terrain in the county: low mountains, hills and plains, known as "three mountains, six hills and one plain, with pastoral water in between".The mountainous area is mainly distributed in Luyang and Xima in the east of the county and Tuanbei in the north, with an area of 407.8 square kilometers, accounting for 20.4% of the total area of the county;Hills and hillock cover the whole county, covering an area of 1276.4 square kilometers, accounting for 63.9% of the total area of the county;Alluvial plains are mostly found in the southwest riverside area, with an area of 314.9 square kilometers, accounting for 15.7% of the total area.The main peak is the Triangle Mountain in the east, which is a branch of the Dabie Mountain. The mountain is steep, straight and unique in shape.There are also Daheng Mountain, Wangjiang Mountain, Yangjiaojian, Jigongjian, Doufang Mountain, Taipingzhai and other peaks, which are located in the north of Sanjiao Mountain with an altitude between 400m and 1000m.Huagui Mountain, Daling Mountain in the north of the county and Huanglong Mountain in the southeast of the county are all about 400 meters above sea level.[11]
climate
Xishui County has a subtropical monsoon humid climate. The seasonal difference of solar radiation in Xishui County is large. The climate is characterized by low temperature and little rain in winter, hot and rainy in summer, cool and dry in autumn, variable temperature in spring, and four distinct seasons.The annual average temperature is 16.9 ℃.January is the coldest month, with an average temperature of about 4 ℃;July is the hottest month with an average temperature of about 29 ℃.The annual precipitation is about 1350mm.[11]
hydrology
Xishui County has five water systems: Xi River, Ba River, Qi River, Cehu Lake and Wangtian Lake, all of which belong to the Yangtze River water system.[11]
The Yangtze River enters from the Bayou River, passes through Bahe River, Lanxi, Daijiazhou, Sanhua to Maoshan Gate, and enters Qichun County. The river section in transit is 41 kilometers.
Xihe River has a total length of 133.5 kilometers, including 72.5 kilometers in the territory and 816.5 square kilometers in the drainage area.
Ba River is the boundary river between Xishui County, Luotian County, Tuanfeng County and Huangzhou District, with a total length of 151 kilometers and a drainage area of 579.93 square kilometers.
Qi River, the drainage area of three rivers in the territory belongs to Qi River drainage area.First, Xima River, 19.8 kilometers long;Second, Liupu River, 9.5 kilometers long;The third is the Longtan Chonghe River, which is 8 kilometers long.The drainage area of the above three rivers is 259.2 square kilometers, all of which belong to mountain streams.[11]
natural resources
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water resource
There are 67 reservoirs of various types in Xishui County, including 1 large reservoir, 2 medium-sized reservoirs and 64 small reservoirs.Bailianhe Reservoir, a large reservoir, is located at the upper reaches of Xihe River in the northeast mountainous area of the county, with a total storage capacity of 1.184 billion cubic meters and a rain bearing area of 1800 square kilometers.Cehu Lake is the largest lake in Xishui County, located 40 kilometers south of the county seat, with a water surface of about 13500 mu.Wangtian Lake is located in the northeast of Bahe Town, close to the Yangtze River, 25 kilometers away from the county seat, with an area of about 10000 mu.The lakes with an area of more than 1000 mu include Lianer Lake and She Lake in Bahe Town, Yuanjia Lake and Sunjia Lake in Lanxi Town.There are also more than 50 lakes covering dozens to hundreds of acres.[11]
land resource
As of December 31, 2019, the main land category data of Xishui County's third land survey was released as follows:
（1） Cultivated land is 68148.33 hectares (1022224.95 mu).Among them, 49749.46 hectares (746241.90 mu) of paddy fields, accounting for 73.00%;1331.96 hectares (19979.40 mu) of irrigated land, accounting for 1.96%;Dry land is 17066.91 hectares (256003.65 mu), accounting for 25.04%.The cultivated land is mainly distributed in Bahe Town, Guankou Town, Qingquan Town, Tuanpi Town, Zhuwa Town, etc., accounting for 55.38% of the total cultivated land in the county.[13]
The cultivated land in Xishui County has two crops a year or more, and 15447.32 hectares (231709.80 mu) of cultivated land with a slope below 2 degrees (including 2 degrees), accounting for 22.67% of the county's cultivated land;33635.22 hectares (504528.30 mu) of cultivated land with a gradient of 2~6 degrees (including 6 degrees), accounting for 49.35%;17300.24 hectares (259503.60 mu) of cultivated land with a gradient of 6-15 degrees (including 15 degrees), accounting for 25.39%;1715.89 hectares (25738.35 mu) of cultivated land with a gradient of 15-25 degrees (including 25 degrees), accounting for 2.52%;49.66 hectares (744.90 mu) of cultivated land with a gradient of more than 25 degrees, accounting for 0.07%.Xishui County has the largest cultivated land area with a gradient of 2-6 degrees (including 6 degrees), and less cultivated land with a gradient of more than 25 degrees.
（2） The garden area is 5093.81 hectares (76407.15 mu).Among them, orchard is 3105.22 hectares (46578.30 mu), accounting for 60.96%;1593.53 hectares (23902.95 mu) of tea gardens, accounting for 31.28%;Other gardens are 395.06 hectares (5925.90 mu), accounting for 7.76%.The garden is mainly distributed in Tuanpi Town, Guankou Town, Zhuwa Town, Qingquan Town, etc., accounting for 55.07% of the garden in the county.[13]
（3） Forest land is 60520.28 hectares (907804.20 mu).Among them, 35687.21 hectares (535308.15 mu) of arbor forest land, accounting for 58.97%;348.71 hectares (5230.65 mu) of bamboo forest land, accounting for 0.57%;1041.16 hectares (15617.40 mu) of shrubbery, accounting for 1.72%;Other forest land is 23443.20 hectares (351648.00 mu), accounting for 38.74%.The forest land is mainly distributed in Qingquan Town, Guankou Town, Tuanpi Town, Luyang Township and Bahe Town, accounting for 57.69% of the total forest land in the county.
（4） Grassland is 829.72 hectares (12445.80 mu).Among them: 829.72 hectares (12445.80 mu) of other grasslands, accounting for 100%.Grassland is mainly distributed in Qingquan Town, Bahe Town, Zhuwa Town and other places, accounting for 50.48% of the county's grassland.
（5） The wetland is 750.51 hectares (11257.65 mu).Wetland is a new primary land category in the "Three Transfers", including seven secondary land categories.Including: 750.51 hectares (11257.65 mu) of inland tidal flats, accounting for 100%.Xishui County is an inland county and city, without forest swamp, shrub swamp, marsh grassland, marshland, mangrove land and coastal beach.Wetlands are mainly distributed in Lanxi Town, Luyang Township, Bahe Town, Guankou Town and other places, accounting for 53.44% of the county's wetlands.
（6） 24892.50 hectares (373387.50 mu) of land for towns, villages and industrial and mining areas.Of which, 3706.38 hectares (55595.70 mu) are occupied by organic towns, accounting for 14.89%;The village land is 20740.92 hectares (311113.80 mu), accounting for 83.32%;Mining land is 231.31 hectares (3469.65 mu), accounting for 0.93%;213.89 hectares (3208.35 mu) of scenic spots and special land, accounting for 0.86%.Qingquan Town, Guankou Town, Bahe Town, Sanhua Town, Tuanpi Town and other places have a large area of urban villages and industrial and mining land, accounting for 54.76% of the total urban villages and industrial and mining land in the county.
（7） The land for transportation is 3953.57 hectares (59303.55 mu).Among them, the railway land is 230.93 hectares (3463.95 mu), accounting for 5.84%;1588.01 hectares (23820.15 mu) of highway land, accounting for 40.17%;2111.97 hectares (31679.55 mu) of rural roads, accounting for 53.42%;The land for port and wharf is 22.66 hectares (339.90 mu), accounting for 0.57%.Qingquan Town, Bahe Town, Tuanpi Town, Guankou Town, Sanhua Town and other places have a large area of transportation land, accounting for 56.97% of the transportation land in the county.[13]
（8） The land for water area and water conservancy facilities is 26466.38 hectares (396995.70 mu).Among them, the river surface is 6820.77 hectares (102311.55 mu), accounting for 25.77%;The lake surface is 3274.13 hectares (49111.95 mu), accounting for 12.37%;The water surface of the reservoir is 2139.02 hectares (32085.30 mu), accounting for 8.08%;The pond surface is 12367.83 hectares (185517.45 mu), accounting for 46.73%;1475.45 hectares (22131.75 mu) of ditches, accounting for 5.58%;389.18 hectares (5837.70 mu) of hydraulic construction land, accounting for 1.47%;Xishui County has no glaciers and perennial snow.The water area and water conservancy facilities are mainly distributed in Bahe Town, Qingquan Town, Lanxi Town, Sanhua Town, etc., accounting for 50.40% of the water area and water conservancy facilities in the county.[13]
Biological resources
Xishui County has a suitable forest area of 1.08 million mu, with more than 120 tree species.The timber forest species mainly include Chinese fir, pine, cypress, poplar, willow, peach, Italian poplar, French phoenix, black locust, camphor tree, Chinese toon, paulownia, etc;Economic forests mainly include bamboo, citrus, chestnut, apple, pear, peach, tung, catalpa, tea, eucommia, ginkgo, etc.The forest coverage rate is 34.6%.The main wild animals include wild boar, pheasant, hare, jackal, hedgehog, weasel, turtle, crab, and Zaocys dhumnades.[12]
Water resources
Xishui County has a total water storage of 1.4 billion cubic meters.The Bailianhe Reservoir, which was completed from August 1958 to March 1962, has a storage capacity of 1.184 billion cubic meters. One main canal with a length of 100 kilometers and one main canal with a length of 93 kilometers were excavated on the east and west sides of the reservoir, and 882 branch, bucket, agricultural and minor canals were excavated along the main canal, with a total length of 2796.6 kilometers, an irrigation area of 500000 mu, and 44 small and medium-sized reservoirs.The whole county has formed a long vine shaped gravity irrigation network based on Bailianhe Reservoir as the parent reservoir, the east-west trunk canals as the arteries, and small and medium-sized reservoirs and ponds.The water resources of the whole county are concentrated on the main trunk and tributaries of the five major river systems, with a water reserve of 34578 kW (excluding Bailianhe Reservoir). 57 power stations have been built, with a total installed capacity of 13537 kW. There are also 21041 kW available for development, accounting for 60.8% of the reserves.Among them, the difference between the upstream and downstream of Xi River is 141 meters, and the hydraulic reserve is 20778 kilowatts, accounting for 98.7% of the total exploitable power of the county.It is planned to develop at six levels. At present, three-level development has been realized, namely Bailian River Cascade I Power Station, Cascade II Power Station and Cascade IV Power Station, with an annual power generation of more than 95 million kilowatt hours.
Hubei Bailianhe Pumped Storage Power Station is located at the bank of Bailianhe Reservoir in Xishui County and is the largest pumped storage power station in central China.In early September 2004, the National Development and Reform Commission officially approved the project of Bailian River Pumped Storage Power Station.The project is the load center of Hubei and even Central China power grids, with a total installed capacity of 1.2 million kilowatts, a design annual power generation of 970 million kilowatt hours, and an annual pumping power consumption of 1.29 billion kilowatt hours.[12]
mineral resources
According to GB958~89, Xishui County has a total of 18 categories, 25 types and 72 minerals with proven reserves, mainly non-metallic minerals.Among them, gold, magnetite, vanadium titanium magnetite, copper, pyrite, yellow sand, granite, marble, sillimanite, potassium (sodium) feldspar, crystal, quartz, dolomite and other mineral resources have large reserves, high potential value and considerable development prospects.[12]
Metal minerals mainly include gold, copper, magnetite and vanadium titanium magnetite.Gold deposits are mainly distributed in Guomaoling, Liushen, Dingsidang and other places. The mining area covers an area of about 5 square kilometers. The average gold grade of ore is 5-8 grams per ton, and the highest grade is 20 grams per ton, exceeding the national mining standard of 3 grams per ton.Magnetite is distributed in Heping, Lianhuashan, Xiannvmiao and other places, with a total reserve of about 5 million tons.Vanadium titanium magnetite is distributed in Yunwu Mountain, Guankou Town, with a grade of about 5% and reserves of several hundred thousand tons.Copper mine CU0.13~0.50%, with large reserves.
The non-metallic mineral resources mainly include yellow sand (for building), pyrite, phosphorite, crystal, feldspar, mica, vermiculite, sillimanite, granite (for decoration and building), marble (for building materials and inorganic chemicals), dolomite, kyanite, etc.Yellow sand resources are mainly distributed in Xishui and Bashui basins, with static reserves of more than 1 billion tons.Granite is mainly distributed in Tuanbei, Huagui, Luyang and other places, with a total reserve of more than 300 million cubic meters.Marble is distributed in Qingquan Baishi Mountain and other places, with large reserves and easy mining.Varieties include white marble, emerald, cloud ash, ice, etc., with beautiful patterns, good performance, and good architectural decoration.Sillimanite ore is distributed in Guankou Hengshan and other places. The ore body is long, thick, shallow and easy to mine.The total reserve is about 50 million tons, the silicon content of ore is 71.95 - 77.81%, and the aluminum content is 15.27 - 20.84%. It is an excellent refractory material.Potassium and albite are mainly distributed in Huagui, Caihe, Zhuwa and other places, with a total reserve of about 1 million tons, and the content of potassium oxide and sodium oxide is more than 12%.The crystal is mainly distributed in Tuanbei and other places, with 78 proven veins. The crystal crystal is good, mainly brown and colorless.Quartz is mainly distributed in Dingsidang, Luyang and other places, with silica content of more than 97%, large reserves and easy exploitation.Sillimanite is mainly distributed in Guankou and other places, with the content of more than 5%. It can generally be used as a steelmaking flux.Blue spar ores are scattered in Bahe, and those with good quality can be used as raw materials for gems and jades.[12]
population
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According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, there were 716273 permanent residents in Xishui County。
By the end of 2022, Xishui County has 334200 households and 971900 registered population.Among the registered population, there are 517000 males and 455000 females by gender, with a sex ratio of 114:100.In this year, 605 people moved in and 6423 people moved out.From the perspective of population age composition, there are 180500 people aged 0 to 17, 199500 people aged 18 to 34, 389700 people aged 35 to 59, and 202200 people aged over 60.[5]
Only the main leaders of the party and government are listed, not deputy leaders, as of June 2024[20-21]
Economics
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overview
In 2022, Xishui County will achieve a regional GDP of 28.729 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.5% at comparable prices.Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 8.332 billion yuan, up 4.3% year on year;The added value of the secondary industry was 5.965 billion yuan, up 14.9% year on year;The tertiary industry realized an added value of 14.006 billion yuan, up 8.3% year on year.The ratio of three industries in the county was adjusted from 28.6:19.2:52.2 in the previous year to 29:20.8:50.2.The per capita GDP of the whole county is 40724 yuan.[5]
In 2023, Xishui County will achieve a GDP of 30.356 billion yuan, an increase of 6.2% at constant prices.[4]
Fixed investment
In 2022, there will be 242 fixed asset investment construction projects in Xishui County.Among them, 118 projects were newly started.In the whole year, 19.858 billion yuan was invested in fixed assets above urban level, 1 billion yuan was invested in the primary industry, 8.722 billion yuan was invested in the secondary industry, and 10.136 billion yuan was invested in the tertiary industry, accounting for 5%, 43.9%, and 51.1% of the total investment in fixed assets above urban level in the county.The industrial investment in the whole year was 8.722 billion yuan, accounting for 43.9% of the total investment in fixed assets above urban level in the county.The private investment in the whole year was 8.464 billion yuan, accounting for 42.6% of the total investment in fixed assets above urban level in the county.Among them, 5.689 billion yuan was invested in industry, accounting for 67.2% of the total private investment.In the whole year, there were 29 project reconstruction and technical transformation construction projects, and the investment in project reconstruction and technical transformation was 919 million yuan.The investment in infrastructure construction of the whole county is 3.997 billion yuan.Among them, 2.2 billion yuan was invested in transportation and warehousing, and 1.61 billion yuan was invested in water conservancy facilities, accounting for 55% and 40.3% of the investment in infrastructure construction, respectively.The investment in real estate development was 2.811 billion yuan in the whole year.Among them, the residential investment is 2.231 billion yuan, accounting for 79.4% of the real estate development investment in the county.The construction area of housing is 2.7885 million square meters, the completed area of housing is 94400 square meters, the sales area of commercial housing is 443100 square meters, and the sales volume of commercial housing is 2.043 billion yuan.[5]
finance
In 2022, Xishui County will achieve a total local financial revenue of 1.536 billion yuan, including 1.149 billion yuan of tax revenue and 387 million yuan of non tax revenue, accounting for 74.8% and 25.2% respectively.The annual general public budget revenue was 1.122 billion yuan.The annual public budget expenditure was 5.151 billion yuan, including 1.103 billion yuan for education, 993 million yuan for social security and employment, 512 million yuan for health care and family planning, 910 million yuan for agriculture, forestry and water affairs, 512 million yuan for general public services, 256 million yuan for energy conservation and environmental protection, 67 million yuan for culture, sports and media, and 32 million yuan for science and technology.[5]
primary industry
In 2022, Xishui County will achieve a total agricultural output value of 14.933 billion yuan.Among them, the output value of planting industry is 6.255 billion yuan, that of forestry is 450 million yuan, that of animal husbandry is 4.542 billion yuan, that of fishery is 2.768 billion yuan, and that of agricultural service industry is 920 million yuan.The grain sown area of the county is 826100 mu, an increase of 8000 mu over the previous year;The cotton planting area was 75000 mu, an increase of 25000 mu over the previous year;The oil planting area was 479000 mu, an increase of 39000 mu over the previous year.The grain output was 416200 tons, 2900 tons less than the previous year.Among them, the output of summer grain was 9900 tons, an increase of 10000 tons over the previous year;The output of autumn grain was 406300 tons, 3000 tons less than that of the previous year.The cotton output was 4792.5 tons, an increase of 1492.5 tons over the previous year.The annual oil production was 84060 tons, an increase of 7475 tons over the previous year.Among them, the output of rapeseed was 63210 tons, an increase of 7230 tons over the previous year.Throughout the year, 13000 mu of barren hills and wasteland were planted, 2.3 million trees were planted sporadically around, and 15.5 million seedlings were produced.[5]
In 2022, 732500 pigs will be sold in Xishui County, up 1.86% year on year;16809500 poultry were released, up 10.2% year on year.At the end of the year, there were 415000 live pigs and 16887300 poultry in cages.The aquaculture area of the whole county is 126800 mu;The output of aquatic products was 72000 tons, an increase of 2000 tons over the previous year.Among them, the output of freshwater aquaculture was 68000 tons, an increase of 1000 tons over the previous year.
By the end of 2022, Xishui County has 1.0187 million mu of total cultivated land resources, including 965500 mu of common cultivated land;The effective irrigation area is 687000 mu.There are 66 large and medium-sized reservoirs and 25029 ponds in the county.The total length of the channel is 6132 kilometers, and the Yangtze River transit waterway is 38.1 kilometers.[5]
In 2023, Xishui County's agricultural output value will reach 15.19 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 4.5%.The total grain output of the whole year was 423300 tons, up 1.73%.[4]
the secondary industry
In 2022, there will be 135 industrial enterprises above designated size in Xishui County, with a total industrial output value above designated size of 13.375 billion yuan and a sales rate of industrial products of 95.1%.Among them, there were 78 high-tech industrial enterprises above designated size, and the added value of high-tech industries throughout the year was 2.138 billion yuan.[5]
In 2022, the total industrial output value above the designated size of Xishui County is divided into 520 million yuan for state-owned enterprises, 12.22 billion yuan for joint-stock enterprises, and 630 million yuan for other enterprises according to economic types.According to the nature of the industry, the agricultural and sideline food processing industry realized an output value of 3.3 billion yuan, accounting for 24.7% of the total output value of industries above designated size;The output value of non-metallic mineral products industry reached 3.37 billion yuan, accounting for 25.2% of the total output value of industries above designated size;The output value of non-metallic mineral mining and beneficiation industry is 470 million yuan, accounting for 3.5% of the total output value of industries above designated size;The output value of chemical raw materials and products industry and general equipment products industry reached 450 million yuan and 370 million yuan respectively, accounting for 3.4% and 2.8% of the total output value of industries above designated size.
In 2022, there will be 91 qualified construction enterprises in Xishui County, with 8021 employees, and the total output value of the construction industry will be 4.515 billion yuan.The construction area of houses in the county is 1.04 million square meters.[5]
In 2023, the added value of industries above designated size in Xishui County will increase by 9.3% over the previous year.In 2023, Xishui County will achieve an output value of 6.197 billion yuan in the construction industry, an increase of 37.3% over the previous year.[4]
the service sector; the tertiary industry
Trade
In 2022, there will be 198 commercial, accommodation and catering enterprises above designated size in Xishui County, and the total retail sales of consumer goods will reach 18 billion yuan, up 3.3% year on year.
In 2022, Xishui County will achieve a total export volume of 962 million yuan, up 60.2% year on year.[5]
Travel?
In 2022, Xishui County will receive 3.518 million tourists in total, with a comprehensive tourism income of 2.674 billion yuan.[5]
Posts and telecommunications and energy
In 2022, Xishui County Postal Branch will have 19 outlets and 77 people engaged in express delivery.There are 95 postal routes with a total length of 4253 kilometers.At the end of the year, there were 31000 fixed telephone users, 768400 mobile phone users and 218100 Internet broadband users in the county.
By the end of 2022, Xishui County had a total power consumption of 1.49 billion kWh, up 14.3% year on year.Among them, the industrial power consumption was 593 million kilowatt hours, up 5.5% year on year, accounting for 39.8% of the total power consumption of the county.The reduction rate of energy consumption of ten thousand yuan GDP is -2.91%.[5]
finance
By the end of 2022, the deposit balance of financial institutions in Xishui County was 52.821 billion yuan, an increase of 5.959 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, including 45.466 billion yuan of household savings deposits, an increase of 6.621 billion yuan over the beginning of the year;The loan balance of financial institutions was 26.227 billion yuan, an increase of 4.152 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, including 11.169 billion yuan of household loans, an increase of 951 million yuan over the beginning of the year.The deposit loan ratio of financial institutions in the county is 49.65%.At the end of the year, the county's premium income was 1.248 billion yuan, up 2.48% year on year.Among them, life insurance premium income was 949 million yuan, and property insurance premium income was 300 million yuan, up 27.36% year on year.
In 2023, the added value of other service industries in Xishui County will increase by 7.9% over the previous year.By the end of December, the balance of local and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions in the county was 58.156 billion yuan, up 10.1%, and the balance of loans was 32.109 billion yuan, up 22.4%.The total retail sales of consumer goods totaled 19.541 billion yuan, up 8.6%.[4]
Transportation
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By the end of 2022, Xishui County has 47532 civil vehicles;122 motor ships, including 122 cargo ships.[5]
highway
There are 4 expressways, 2 national roads, 7 provincial roads and 6 bridges in Xishui County,[6]Among them, Shanghai Chengdu Expressway, Daguangbei Expressway, Ma Wu Expressway and Wu Ying Expressway cross the border.[11]
In 2022, Xishui County will have 3991.44 kilometers of highways open to traffic, including 3868.40 kilometers of classified highways, 114.4 kilometers of expressways passing through the county, 100% of the administrative village's highways and 824 bridges.[5]
shipping
The total length of the Yangtze River coastline in Xishui County is 40.6 kilometers. There are three deep-water wharves: Bahe, Lanxi and Sanhua, including one 5000 ton deep-water wharf, which can access Sichuan from the top and Shanghai from the bottom.[11]
Railway
In Xishui CountyBeijing Kowloon RailwayThrough the north and south, Xishui Station integrates passenger transport and freight transport, with an annual passenger transport volume of 360000 people and a cargo throughput of 550000 tons.[6]On April 22, 2022, Huanggang Huangmei High speed Railway (Huanggang Huangmei High speed Railway for short) will be put into operation.Yellow Yellow High Speed RailwayLocated in Huanggang City in the northeast of Hubei Province, the line starts from Huanggang East Station of Wugang Intercity Railway and passes through Xishui County in the southeast, with a design speed of 350 kilometers per hour. Xishui South Station is set in the territory.[3]
social undertakings
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education
Education construction
By 2022, Xishui County has 135 schools of all kinds.Among them, there are 93 primary schools, 40 middle schools, 1 secondary vocational school and 1 special education school.There are 95532 students in the county, including 50696 in primary schools, 40261 in ordinary middle schools, 3998 in secondary vocational schools and 577 in special education schools.There are 137 kindergartens with 22959 children in the county.There are 5834 full-time teachers in the county, including 2653 primary schools, 2885 ordinary middle schools, 260 secondary vocational schools and 36 special education schools.The completion rate of nine-year compulsory education in the county is 99.9%.[5]
List of schools
Xishui No. 1 Middle School
Xishui Wenyiduo Middle School
Xishui Experimental High School
Xishui Experimental Primary School
Xishui Junior High School
Xishui County Polytechnic School
Xishui Xima High School
Xishui Experimental Middle School
Xishui Zhuwa High School
Middle of Xishui County
Xishui Tuanbei High School
Primary School Attached to Xishui Normal School
Xishui Yanqiao Middle School
Xishui Maqiao Middle School
Xishui Bayi Middle School
Xishui Xihe Middle School
Xishui Hekou Middle School
Lanxi Middle School in Xishui County
Xishui Huagui Middle School
Xishui Songshan Middle School
Xishui Sandian Middle School
Xishui Zhudian Middle School
Xishui Huhe Middle School
Xishui Sanhua Middle School
Xishui Malong Middle School
Xishui Liushen Middle School
Xishui Fangjiao Middle School
Xishui Loukou Middle School
Xishui Yuyan Middle School
Xishui Wanggang Middle School
Xishui Daling Middle School
Xishui Daling Middle School
Xishui Guankou Middle School
Xishui Caihe Middle School
Xishui Lvyang Middle School
Xishui Bailian Middle School
Xishui Wangcheng Middle School
Xishui Vocational Secondary School
Science and technology
By 2022, Xishui County has one science and technology business incubator, and the added value of high-tech industry accounts for 7.4% of GDP.[5]
Cultural undertakings
By 2022, Xishui County has 2 libraries, 1 museum, 1 cultural center, 13 cultural stations, 4 theaters and cinemas, 664 community and village level cultural activity rooms, and 664 rural bookstores.The county has a total collection of 701800 books (pieces) in public libraries.[5]
Sports
By 2022, Xishui County has hosted three national fitness activities and participated in five individual events.100000 people participated in national fitness activities. The county has 12 sports associations and 7 stadiums.[5]
medical and health work
By 2022, Xishui County has 4 hospitals, 13 health centers, 1 maternal and child health center, and 1 disease prevention and control center.There are 5633 beds in health institutions in the county, including 3303 hospitals and 2160 health centers.The county has 5491 health workers, 4291 health technicians, including 1717 licensed doctors and assistant licensed doctors, and 1753 registered nurses.[5]
social security
In 2022, Xishui County will support 7332 people with five guarantees, 17 social welfare adoptive units and 3971 beds of social welfare adoptive units.There are 26864 people enjoying the minimum living security in the county, including 1555 people enjoying the urban minimum living security.
In 2022, 602700 residents of Xishui County will be covered by endowment insurance, 820700 by medical insurance, 487000 by urban and rural residents, and 30000 by urban unemployment insurance.There were 8000 new urban employees, and the urban registered unemployment rate was 3.73%.[5]
urban construction
In 2022, the urban built-up area of Xishui County will cover 1259 hectares of green land, 1050.5 hectares of garden green land, 116 urban buses and 299 taxis.Five waste transfer stations have been built in the county.A total of 55000 tons of garbage were disposed in the urban area throughout the year, and the harmless disposal rate in the urban area reached 100%.At the end of the year, the forest area of the whole county was 55225.3 hectares, the forest stock was 3.139 million cubic meters, and the coverage rate was 28.33%. The total area of the whole county was 4000 hectares.The number of days with good air quality in urban areas reached 296, and the rate of reaching the standard of surface water reached 100%.Fifteen township sewage treatment plants have been built and operated throughout the county.The proportion of PM2.5 standard days is 92.8%.[5]
Historical culture
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Cultural Relic
According to the statistics of the special survey on cultural relics resources of the Yangtze River carried out in 2021, there are 774 kinds of immovable cultural relics in the county, ranking the second in the city. Among them, there is 1 national key cultural relics protection unit (Wannian Stage), 11 provincial key cultural relics protection units, 4 municipal key cultural relics protection units, 148 county-level key cultural relics protection units, and 60 revolutionary sites in the county.[16]
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
three
Zhaishan Site
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient ruins
Neolithic Age
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
four
Wang Luoshan Tombs
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient Tomb
Chinese
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
five
Pottery Valley Tomb
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient Tomb
Song Dynasty
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
six
Sarira pagoda
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient Architectural Buildings
Song Dynasty
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
seven
Gujing Nunnery
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient Architectural Buildings
bright
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
eight
Founder Hall of Doufang Temple
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient Architectural Buildings
bright
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
nine
Dengying Room and Tomb
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient Architectural Buildings
1918
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
ten
Cheng's Ancestral Hall
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Ancient Architectural Buildings
1926
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
eleven
Tomb of Sheng Zhen Ren
The fifth batch March 27, 2008
Important historical sites and representative buildings in modern times
1932
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province
twelve
Watching Wind Point Cliff Stone Carvings
The sixth batch June 22, 2014
Grotto Temple and Stone Carvings
element
Cultural relics protection units in Hubei Province[15]
Wanniantai Stage
Wanniantai StageFuzhu Village, Sanhua Town, located more than 20 kilometers away from the southwest of Xishui County, was built in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty and rebuilt in the ninth year of Daoguang (1829). It is a large stage of brick wood stone mixed structure. It has a history of more than 300 years with complete regulation and exquisite layout. There are three ancient trees of two or three hundred years around the stage.[30]In 2013, it was selected into the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.[31]
"Wanniantai" stage
Intangible Cultural Heritage
In 2022, there will be 230 intangible cultural protection projects in Xishui County, including 6 at the provincial level (Xishui folk songs, Xishui acrobatics, Xishui drum script, horse washing lantern, Bahe Tianshi dance, Pang Anshi's typhoid theory)[17]13 at municipal level and 211 at county level.[5]
Xishui Acrobatics
It is said that acrobatics first appeared in Xishui in the Ming Dynasty. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, a couple's acrobatic class was very active in Xishui, and its "pedaling skills", "funny", "juggling jars", "hanging children" and "climbing poles" reached a high level.
The most remarkable feature of Xishui acrobatics is that it attaches importance to the waist and legs, seeks stability in danger, seeks stillness in motion, and complements hard and soft skills;A large number of life tools and labor tools are used as props, full of life breath.Its inheritance programs include rotating disc, drilling fire ring, pedaling jar, drilling barrel, driving skill, top skill, chair top, etc;Modern programs include swing top technique, soft steel wire, skating, ladder top technique, skating technique series, aerial gymnastics, cup rolling, etc.[19]
Xishui Acrobatics
Bahe Sky Lion Dance
Ba River Celestial Lion Dance, popular in Tengjiaba, Xishui County, is a sacrificial dance in which eight people hold four pairs of Celestial Lions, namely blue, white, red and green, and walk and squat to commemorate the ancestors of Ba people.The traditional "Heavenly Lion Dance" focuses on "spirit, shape, emotion and interest".The "spirit" is in the lion's head, the "shape" is in the lion's belly, and the "interest" is mainly expressed in the "lion playing with the embroidered ball".The "Eight Immortals" on stilts interlace people and lions, gods and lions, and lions and lions. The music of gongs and drums, fireworks and firecrackers resonate, bringing the whole Tianshi dance to a climax. The scene is spectacular and very lively.[18]
Bahe Sky Lion Dance
Customs and folkways
Chen Hang Palace Examination Paper
Chen HangIn the 24th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1819), when taking part in the palace examination, he was the first in the first place (No. 1 Scholar) in the game theory examination paper, which was powerful and powerful, and his writing ability was extremely strong.It is now in the county museum.
famous scenery
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overview
There are many places of interest in Xishui County.In ancient times, there were eight sights of Xichuan, such as "Lanqing Rains, Shibi Huilan, Longtan Autumn Moon, Fengding Sunset, Lvyang Chunxiao, Yutai Danjing, Luyu Tea Spring, Youjun Pen Marsh". The "Wen Yiduo Memorial Hall" inscribed by Comrade Jiang Zemin was named "National Patriotic Education Base".Sanjiaoshan National Forest Park, a national AAAA level scenic spot, is an ideal summer resort for tourism and a place for recreation and recuperation. It is high and dangerous, with strange peaks and caves, jagged rocks, beautiful scenery, lush forests and pleasant climate.Doufang Mountain, located on the bank of Bailian River Reservoir, is one of the famous Buddhist mountains in eastern Hubei, one of the "48 villages" in Qihuang, and a provincial key cultural relics protection unit.In addition, there are Xishui Confucian Temple, the Three Ancestors Zen Natural Temple, the cultural landscape of the Three Kingdoms King Wu Stone City site in Chengshan, and the natural landscape of Bailian River, Cehu Lake, Wangtian Lake, etc.[12]
Main attractions
Sanjiaoshan National Forest Park
Sanjiaoshan National Forest Park, also known as Bijia Mountain, is located in the northeast of Xishui County, the hometown of Mr. Wen Yiduo, at the southern foot of the Dabie Mountains, covering an area of 64 square kilometers. There are 28 mountains and peaks, the main peak of which is 1055 meters above sea level. It is a national forest parkAAAA level scenic spot, national 5C certification self driving camp, provincial tourism resort, provincial sports characteristic town, is a famous summer resort in eastern Hubei.[22]
Triangle Hill
Bailian River Doufang Mountain
Located at the intersection of Xishui, Yingshan and Luotian, Doufangshan Scenic Spot of Bailian River is a national AAA tourist attraction.The scenic spot consists of Bailianhe Reservoir, Doufang Mountain and Dalinggou Hongfeng Ridge.Bailianhe Reservoir is the largest reservoir in eastern Hubei, which is the perfect place for photography and outdoor sports.Doufang Mountain, named for its shape like Dou, is a famous Buddhist mountain with a long history.The history of the Doufang Temple in the mountain was built in 776 AD by Zen Master Wuzhao of the Tang Dynasty.According to the old records, Buddhist seal monks of the Song Dynasty, Jie Xin masters of the Ming Dynasty, and Song Feng Buddhist monks of the Qing Dynasty once stopped in tin to lecture, and incense was in high demand.In 1998, Zhao Puchu, the former vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association, personally wrote the title "Dufang Temple".[22]
Xishui County Wenyiduo Memorial Hall
Xishui County Wenyiduo Memorial HallIt was established in 1984 with the approval of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and started construction in 1988. In September 1992, General Secretary Jiang Zemin wrote the name of the museum, which opened on May 18, 1993.In 2001, it was identified as a national patriotism education demonstration base by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, a national AA level tourist attraction, a national key museum, a patriotism education base for members of the Hubei Provincial Committee of the China Democratic League, and a patriotism education base for the Wuhan United Front.Wen Yiduo Memorial Hall is located on the site of Qingquan Temple at the foot of Fengqi Mountain, the poet's hometown, covering an area of 15 mu, with a building area of 1512 square meters. The main project is a courtyard style antique building complex.Gather four of the eight Xichuan scenic spots, such as "Qingquan Fanxiang", "Luyu Tea Spring", "Xizhi Ink Marsh", and "Fengding in the Sky".Liu Yuxi, Su Dongpo, Wei Liaoweng and many other cultural celebrities have visited here and left many famous poems.[22]
Xishui County Museum
Xishui County MuseumIt is located in the ancient buildings of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Xishui Confucian Temple. Founded in 1951, it is the earliest museum in Hubei Province with a large number of cultural relics and a high level. It is a national key county-level museum famous for collecting a large number of paper-based cultural relics. In 2010, it was announced by the State Council as a national key ancient book protection unit.[22]
Xishui County Museum
Huajian Valley
Huajian Valley, a national AAA tourist attraction, is located in Zhaipu Village, Qingquan, Xishui County, 10 minutes' drive from the urban area, and south of the high-speed railway station and Xishui River.You can see mountains (mountain streams, flower valleys, bonsai scattered), water (Xihe River flowing west, wetland lakes), remember nostalgia (pastoral villages, ancient sugar extraction), a treasure land for recuperation in the suburbs.There are Xishui "Ritual" cultural exhibition center, pastoral homestay, research and study labor practice base, terraced flower sea, vegetable garden, brown sugar workshop, lotus pond moonlight, thousand mu sugarcane forest and other scenic spots, as well as "Sweet Harvest Festival" tourism festival activities.[22]
Moon Lake Waterfront Park
Xishuiyue Lake Ecological Park is located in Qingquan Town, under the jurisdiction of Beicheng New District, covering a total area of 840000 square meters, including 540000 square meters of water surface, 300000 square meters of park green space and road plaza, with a total investment of 196 million yuan.In 2021, it will be rated as a national 3A tourist attraction.
The whole park is connected by five roads and one bridge. The nine hole bridge, named after the "nine hole lotus root" of Xishuiba River, spans the Moon Lake and connects east and west.There are three lakes in the upper, middle and lower directions, corresponding to three different functional parks.There are many ditches and bridges in the park.The "Eight Scenery of Xichuan" has been reproduced in Yuehu Park, from the cultural elements of "red candle", Confucianism, Chu rhyme, city walls and so on.[22]
Xishui Zimu Starry Sky
Xishui Zimu starry sky is a national 3A tourist attraction, located on Zimu Mountain by the Bailian River, and is the best place to watch the beautiful scenery of Bailian River and Qiandao Lake.The camp is equipped with tourist center, ecological restaurant, super large viewing platform, picking area, fishing area, barbecue area, jungle hiking, Thousand Island Lake viewing pavilion, azalea island, multi-function training hall, camping area and other facilities. It provides 26 home stay wooden houses, 30 beds and 100 tents.The agricultural tourism products created include: "three treasures" of green poplar (oil tea, green tea, medicinal materials), golden rosa roxburghii, mulberry, hollyhock, argyi, trichosanthes, lily and other special agricultural products.[22]
Eight Scenes of Xichuan
《Eight Scenes of Xichuan》The name of "is derived from the famous person Wang Yucheng in the Song Dynasty.".In the time of Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty, Wang Chu knew Huangzhou.Because of the beautiful scenery of Muqi River, I came to the city to see things and visit places of interest. I chanted the sentence "Eight Scenes of Xichuan".According to the Old News Record of Hubei, "the scenery was praised for eight genera (Sanhuang, Liangqi, Ma, Luo, Guang) because the governor wrote poems at that time", which greatly increased the reputation of Xichuan.Although thousands of years have passed and the landscape has changed, the scenic spots can still be pursued.
Blue clear and rainy
Its scenic spots are todayLanxiJiangkou is famous for its comments and stone carvings by Lu Yu, the "third spring in the world", and its poems by poets of all ages.
Back to the blue on the stone wall
The scenic spot is at the Nanmen Estuary on the lower right side of the Confucian Temple. There are stones crossing the river to form a torrent. The word "torrent" is inscribed on it.According to the "Old Annals", "The stone inscription was engraved by Su Dongpo. There is' Huilan Pavilion 'on it, which has been abandoned for a long time." The autumn moon scenic spot of Longtan is located in the Old Dragon Cave.According to the "Brief Annals of Xishui County", "The old dragon cave is commonly known as the dragon pool, which is on the south bank not far downstream of the Confucian Temple. There is a stone wall standing on the side of the pool, and an ancient cave underneath. It is unfathomable. It often hugs and puffs with geomantic omen and sounds like a drum, so it is called the Drum Stone. It is said that Su Dongpo once went boating here. It is inscribed with the words' strike the sky and bright '(breaking through the clear river in the moonlight).On the stone on the north bank, there are three characters inscribed, "Liu Liu Guang", which are all written in the Chinese language of "Red Cliff Fu".There are pavilions in the oldThe famous scholar in the Jingling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty passed the Qi River in Yuanchun and the famous scholar in Huangmei went to the Longtan to look for the stone written by Su Duanming (Su Shi is a scholar in Duanming Hall), "Strike the Kongming".There is an old style poem: "The river is windy and calm, and the summer water is silent. The boat is not lazy, and the stone calendar is the same. The three words on the stone are cold, and the moss is not eaten..." It is about sailing to win.
Sunset on the Phoenix Summit
Scenic spots in“Fengqi Mountain”, now located inXishui Experimental High Schoolin school.According to the Annals of the Ming Dynasty, "The mountain is located two miles east of Qishui County, and it is often said that the mountain is named after the phoenix." But there are different legends about the name of "Fengqi Mountain".According to the "Brief Annals of Xishui County", "It is said that in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling, who once served as the order of Jiangzhou, abandoned the official to practice Taoism (known as" Tianshi Zhang ") and once refined pills in the cave at the foot of Yutai Mountain.Three people have become successful. One of them is chicken food, which turns into a phoenix. It flies in this mountain and is named 'Fengqi Mountain'.At the foot of the mountain, there was a three character stone inscription written by Su Shi, "The phoenix perches on the stone."During the Cultural Revolution, this stone was destroyed, and today people imitate the original stone.
Lvyang Chunxiao
Scenic spots inJumping Dragon GateSide moat (the river water comes from Xiongjia Lake and flows out of Xi River).The bridge is named because of the green poplar hanging down.This bridge is close to the city and beside the country. It is close to the mountain and across the water. Tourists come here to wash away the hustle and bustle of the city, feel the tranquility of the scenery and add elegance.
Su Shi Comes to Qi
Su Shi came to Qi and wrote a poem titled "The Moon on the West River": "The sun shines over the field and the waves are shallow, the sky is warm and the sky is warm. I am drunk and sleepy with grass before the mud gets rid of the arrogance of the white jade. Unfortunately, a stream of wind and moon can't be taught to break Qiong Yao. When Anying sleeps on the Green Yang Bridge, Du Yu hears the spring dawn." Just because of a new poem by a great writer, it tells us about a fairyland suspected of being immortal, which has aroused the poetic and picturesque feelings of future tourists.
The poem "Green Yang Bridge" written by Wang Yizhu, a scholar at Huanggang in the Ming Dynasty, said: "The willows hang down in a quiet shape, and people cross the stone bridge. The lofty and lofty customs are not for the purpose of understanding the saddle and labor." It is based on the original meaning of Su's words.Gu Jingxing, a famous scholar in Qichun of the Qing Dynasty, wrote the poem "Looking for the Green Yang Bridge" (note: at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the bridge did not exist, so it was said to "look for"): "Du Yu's voice is heard when things are going on in the past. Who sleeps on the bridge and stands on the moon is inclined to be a wine flag wind. There are no old trees on the old embankment, but new clusters in the wild shops. The past is known, and the brooks are everywhere.".
Yutai Danjing
The scenic spot is in Yutai Mountain.According to the "Unified Annals of the Qing Dynasty", its mountain is on the southeast corner of Qishui County, which is the commanding height of the whole city.It is named because it produces white stones like jade.It is said that Tianshi Zhang of the Han Dynasty came here to dig a hole and open a well to make pills. Later generations called the hole "Immortal Cave" and the well "Dan Well".Zhang Shishengyong, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem about climbing Yutai Mountain: "The winding water is surrounded by battlements, and the smoke is shining in the sky. The distant mountains are hung with rain at dusk, and the birds are singing with spring flowers. There is no trace of the well, the stone path of the cave entrance is oblique, and the Dan has turned into a phoenix. Where can I find the immortal raft?" In the 18th year of Shunzhi's reign (1661), the foundation was built in the middle of the mountain by blasting stones, and two large school buildings and canteens were built, called "Yutai Academy".Tan Yuanchun studied here.In the tenth year of Qianlong's reign (1745), the number of school buildings was increased and changed to "Qiyang Academy".As soon as children in the county enter the academy, their status will be doubled.
Later, the people in the county raised funds to build the "Spring Dawn Pavilion" on the top of the mountain, recording the anecdote of the literary giant Su Shi's visit to Qi.When the pavilion was completed, Shao Yinglong, a famous scholar of the city, wrote a poem to congratulate: "In those days, the scenic spots had been ruined for a long time, and the beautiful pavilion was now a new one. The mountains on all sides were green, and the streams on half a bay were full of fish scales..." Yang Jijing, a scholar of the city, and Gong Zhilu, the envoy (when Gong was the governor of Qizhou), decided to finish the title of "Chunxiao Pavilion".
Luyu Tea Spring、Right army pen marsh
According to the "Interesting Tales on Place Names in Hubei", "In the sun of Fengshan Mountain, the yin of the temple is the spring for Lu Yu to cook tea; in the yin of Fengshan Mountain, it is the spring for Yishao to wash pens. The water of Wang and Lu both comes from a stream." Yang Jijing also quoted the poem: "The water of Lanxi Stone is the clearest, and the Lanxi Stone was the brightest last month. There is Lu Yu behind Xi in front of it, and there is no competition for water and moon here."The author also notes that this poem shows that Xibi Spring and Lu Yu Spring are together.
Specialty
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Maoshan Crab
Scientific name: ChinaChinese mitten crab, the place of origin is Cehu.Cehu LakeIt is far away from cities and towns, with abundant rainfall, clear lake water, abundant water and grass, and no industrial pollution. It is suitable for crabs to live for a long time.Maoshan crabs are characterized by: first, their meat is fat and tender, tough, white like chicken, and delicious;The second is rich in nutrition, with 14.5 grams of protein, 6 grams of fat and A5865 IU of vitamin per hundred grams;It also contains calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron and other ingredients;The third is the crab yellow weight. Compared with the crabs of the same weight from other places, the crab yellow weight is 1.5~2g;Fourth, it has no greasy taste and mud smell.Maoshan crabs have served as tribute since the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty.Maoshan crabs have been selling well in Hong Kong and Macao markets for many years. In 1999, they won the title of "Hubei Famous Brand Product" at the China Agricultural Products Expo.[14]
Sesame Lake Lotus Root
Xishuiba RiverSesame Lake Lotus RootTogether with Huangzhou Tofu Fankou Bream Wuchang Wine, it is one of the four famous products in eastern Hubei.It has been listed as imperial tribute since the Ming and Qing dynasties.This lotus root is different from that in other places. The lotus root in other places is cylindrical, its skin is old yellow, with many knots and knots, and it is eaten raw with dregs.The Sesame Lake lotus root has a thick body, each node is about 2 feet long, square, with grooves on the surface, white skin, moist as white jade, no node hair, no rust color, and the color remains unchanged after storage for ten and a half days.Its famous dishes include honey lotus root, steamed lotus root with flour, lotus root powder pill, etc.[14]
Bahe Fish Noodles
Bahe Fish Noodles are mainly made of Wangtian Lake high-quality fresh fish, high-grade flour and raw flour, and are equipped with eggs, refined salt and other seasonings using traditional techniques.It can not only be used as staple food, but also as famous banquet dishes. It can be fried, fried or boiled. It is also a good ingredient of hot pot.In history, it used to be a tribute to the imperial court and was granted the royal noodles. In the 1980s, it won the Ministry of Agriculture's Quality Award. In 2001, it was rated as a famous product by the Ministry of Agriculture.[14]
Benzoin
BenzoinIt is also called epidemic avoiding incense.It was made from the secret recipe of Xishui time-honored brand Wu Linmao Xiangpu, and was founded in the 18th year of Daoguang Reign of Qing Dynasty (1838).This fragrance is fragrant, refreshing and relieving fatigue, repelling mosquitoes and epidemics, eliminating filth and heat, and increasing appetite and promoting sleep.In 1938, he won a gold medal at the Panama International Exposition, and won three awards at the Nanyang Industrial Exposition, and received a gold plaque of "the best fragrance in the world".[14]
Zhudian fans
ZhudianThe vermicelli are mainly made of high-quality mung beans, peas and broad beans, using traditional technology and formula, through 12 processes, processing and natural drying.[14]
Emperor Wudi's Pillow
Emperor Wudi Pillow was developed by experts from the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the basis of the Pillow Prescription used by Emperor Wudi Liu Che in the Western Han Dynasty, combined with modern medical achievements.The medicine pillow formula is composed of 35 precious Chinese medicines, such as Chuanxiong, Duheng, chrysanthemum, cassia seed, ginseng, etc. It has the effects of activating blood and removing blood stasis, strengthening brain and calming nerves, and has certain effects on hypertension, neurasthenia, insomnia, dreaminess, headache, dizziness, cervical spondylosis, etc.In 1988, he passed the expert appraisal in Beijing.[14]
Lvyangqiao glutinous rice wine
Xishui Lvyangqiao brand glutinous rice wine is a high-quality product produced by Hubei Xishui Tianbao Wine Industry Co., Ltd. This product is a yellow rice wine made from glutinous rice as raw material, using traditional folk techniques, through saccharification, fermentation, sealing and aging.The wine is yellow brown, with a strong aroma, sweet and sour, mellow and unique flavor. It contains a variety of sugars, amino acids, vitamins and other nutrients produced by the decomposition of fermentation microorganisms, and has the effect of nourishing health care.In 1991, he won the gold medal of the second Consumer Satisfaction Cup in Hubei Province.[14]
Wanchongshan Double Low Rapeseed Oil
The product is refined from high-quality double low rapeseed, and the erucic acid content in its fatty acid composition is low (less than 5%).Regular consumption can effectively reduce cholesterol, prevent arteriosclerosis and thrombosis, and is beneficial to human absorption.Won the gold medal at the National Famous, Excellent, Special and New Products (Shenyang) Expo.In 2000, it was awarded the "Green Food Certificate" by the Ministry of Agriculture.[14]
Xishui Green Tea
Xishui County has many hills and hills with a long history of tea planting.It is planted all over Xishui County, but it is mainly planted in Queshan of Luyang, Xiaojinshan of Xima, Donghe of scattered flowers, QingquanOctober VillageThe tea produced in other places is the best.Among them, "October hibiscus" tea has won the special prize in Hubei famous tea competition in recent five years, and won the gold prize of two "Hubei Tea Cup" and the silver prize of the third agricultural exposition.[14]
Soybean oil
Xishui County has a tradition of making soybean oil by hand.This product is made by the traditional process of grinding beans with stone mill, adding brine with brine, and cooking slurry with earth stove, and extracting the most essential part of tofu to air.The soybean oil is golden in color, soft in mouth, plain and pure.[14]
Famous people
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Chen Hang
Pang Anshi(1042-1099), known as Anchang, was born in Maqiao County, a family of traditional Chinese medicine, and was a famous doctor in the Northern Song Dynasty.Pang wrote "Differentiation of Difficult Classics" with thousands of words, "Master Dui Ji" (Volume I), "Supplement to Materia Medica", and "General Theory of Typhoid Diseases" (Volume IX), which left precious wealth for the motherland's traditional Chinese medicine in pharmacology, medical science, and medical treatment."Treatise on the General Diseases of Typhoid" (nine volumes) was specially printed by the Commercial Press in 1957 and promoted as a classic work of traditional Chinese medicine.[28]
Yang Siyi(Birth and death unknown), from this county.In the 24th year of the Zhizheng era (1364) of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang called himself the King of Wu, started Yang Siyi, appointed Zhang Qiju Zhu, and later transferred to the post of Si Nong Qing.In the 28th year of the Zhizheng era (1368) of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang was the emperor, with six ministries.In the early Ming Dynasty, the people went into exile and the land was deserted. He asked the imperial court to issue an imperial edict to appease the exiles, reclaim wasteland, widely plant hemp and mulberry, and exempt taxes for four years to benefit the people's livelihood.At that time, all the officials and officials praised his administrative ability.Later, he was transferred to Shaanxi to participate in politics, and soon died of illness.Buried in Huangcao Lake of the county.
Chen Hang(1785-1826), also known as Xuelian, was named Taichu, named Qiufang, and was born in Bahe, Xishui County.He studied with his father at the age of 10, and was good at poetry.At the age of 15, he was ranked first in the imperial examination, county examination, township examination and joint examination.In the 24th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1819), the countermeasure of Baohe Hall was the first in Chenzhong (No. 1 Scholar).[27]
Wen Yiduo
Wen Yiduo(1899-1946), whose real name was Jia Hua, was born in Xishui County, Hubei Province on November 24, 1899. He was a great patriot, a determined democratic fighter, an early leader of the Chinese Democratic League, a close friend of the Communist Party of China, a famous scholar and poet.On July 15, 1946, Wen Yiduo died in Kunming at the age of 47.Mao Zedong once praised Mr. Wen Yiduo for "showing the heroic spirit of our nation" and said that "we should write praises to Wen Yiduo".On September 10, 2009, with the approval of the CPC Central Committee, Wen Yiduo was selected as one of the 100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China.[23]
Su Zhewen(1915-2006), formerly known as Su Youwei, was born in Xishui County in August 1915.In 1935, he was admitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering of Tsinghua University.Actively participate in the "December 9" and "December 16" anti Japanese and national salvation movements.He joined the Communist Party of China in February 1938.In 1946, Chongqing Office of the Communist Party of China sent him to work in the Northeast Liberated Area.Since 1950, he has successively served as the deputy director, director and deputy director of the Planning Department of the Central Fuel Industry Ministry.In 1979, he successively served as a member of the Party Leadership Group and vice minister of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry, and chief engineer of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power.After retiring in 1985, he served as the consultant of the Technical and Economic Research Center of the State Council, the leading member of the Shanghai Economic Zone Planning Office of the State Council, the member of the Three Gorges Project Demonstration Leading Group, the host of the special demonstration of the comprehensive economic evaluation of the Three Gorges Project, and the deputy leader of the expert group of the Three Gorges Project Construction Commission.He died in Beijing on April 29, 2006.[26]
Rao Xingli(1925-2000), also known as Yanbin, was born in October Village, Qingquan Town, Xishui County.He joined the revolution in June 1949 and joined the Communist Party of China in March 1951.On April 19, 1952, I went to the Soviet Union to visit and study with the delegation of Chinese farmers visiting the Soviet Union.In 1956, he won the National Rice Yield Medal.In 1957, he was awarded the honorary title of "National Model Worker" by the State Council.He was elected as a deputy to the First, Second and Third National People's Congress, and a member of the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh and Twelfth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.In 1966, he was employed as a visiting professor by Huazhong Agricultural University.Rao Xingli once served as the chairman of Xishui County Poverty Alleviation Association, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, etc.From March 1975 to May 1978, he served as the first secretary of the CPC Xishui County Committee.[25]
Wen Yumei(1934 -), originally from Xishui, Hubei, was born in Beijing in January 1934.He graduated from Shanghai First Medical College (formerly Shanghai Medical University) in 1956.He has successively served as a lecturer, associate professor and professor in the Microbiology Teaching and Research Section of Shanghai Medical University.He was approved as a doctoral supervisor in 1984.He is now the director and professor of the Open Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Health of the Medical College of Fudan University (formerly Shanghai Medical University), and the chairman of the Chinese Society of Microbiology.He has been engaged in teaching and scientific research of medical microbiology for a long time.Her main research fields are molecular biology and immunology of hepatitis B virus.More than 160 papers have been published, 12 doctoral students have been trained, and more than 10 advanced students have been trained. Most of them have become academic backbones.In 1999, he was elected as an academician of the Academy of Engineering.[24]
Zhong Pengrong, a famous economist, born in Xishui, Hubei Province, director of Beijing Vision Consulting Center, professor of several universities, such as Northwest University, Central University of Finance and Economics, Central South University of Finance and Economics, and independent director of five listed companies, including Yuxing Electronics, Chengcheng Culture Investment Group, Holley Holdings, Luobo Group, Changyun Group, as well as Sanjiu GroupEconomic consultants of more than 20 large enterprises and local governments, including Moutai Distillery.[29]
On June 30, 2020, Xishui County was included in the "second batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area and county list".[1]
In 2020, Xishui won the title of civilized city in Hubei Province.[2]
In 2021, Xishui will become a provincial garden city.
In November 2021, Xishui County plans to name it "Four Good Rural Roads" nationwideDemonstration County.
