synonymHebei(Provincial Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China) generally refers to Hebei Province
Hebei Province, referred to as "Ji",The People's Republic of ChinaProvincial administrative regionShijiazhuang, located in the southeast and south between 36 ° 05 ′ - 42 ° 40 ′ N and 113 ° 27 ′ - 119 ° 50 ′ EShandong、HenanTwo provinces, west of Taihang Mountain andShanxi ProvinceNeighboring, northwest andInner Mongolia Autonomous RegionBorder, Northeast andLiaoningBordering.The total area is 188800 square kilometers.[1-2]By the end of 2023, Hebei Province has 11 prefecture level cities, 49 municipal districts, 21 county-level cities, 91 counties, and 6 autonomous counties, with a total permanent population of 73.93 million.[3][168]
In 2023, the GDP of Hebei Province will be 4394.41 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year.[162]In terms of industries,primary industryThe added value was 446.62 billion yuan, up 2.6% year on year;the secondary industryThe added value was 1643.53 billion yuan, up 6.2%;the service sector; the tertiary industryThe added value was 2304.26 billion yuan, up 5.5%。[165]
Hebei Province is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation.As early as more than 5000 years ago, the three great ancestors of the Chinese nation, Yellow Emperor, Yan Emperor and Chiyou, started the history of Chinese civilization in Hebei from expedition to integration.[170]
Western Han DynastyAt that time, Hebei belonged to Youzhou, JizhouBingzhouFor a small part, Youzhou was governed by Ji (today's Beijing), and Jizhou was governed byGuangchuan State(Now HebeiJizhou CityThe old city), and the combination of state and governmentJinyang(Now Taiyuan, Shanxi).Eastern Han DynastyIt belonged to Youzhou and Jizhou at that time.three countriesIt belonged to Youzhou and Jizhou at that time.
Jin DynastyAt that time, it belonged to Hebei East Road and Hebei West Road.WanyanliangThe capital was set in Yan (today's Beijing) and changed to Zhongdu and other roads.
Republic of ChinaAfter its establishment, today's Hebei Province mainly belongs to Zhili Province. It was established in 1914, the third year of the Republic of ChinaTianjin Haidao，Baoding Road，Daming Path，Koubei Road。[79]In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), because the name of Zhili Province did not match the reality, it was named after the place to the north of the Yellow River, and changed Zhili Province into Hebei Province.In November of the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), the capital of Hebei Province moved toTianjin。In June of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the capital of Hebei Province moved to Baoding.Counter-Japanese WarDuring the period, Hebei Province was located inShanxi Chahar Hebei Anti Japanese Base AreaandShanxi Hebei Shandong Henan Anti Japanese Base Area。[80]
In 1949, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was still Hebei Province.In January 1949,People's Government of North ChinaestablishChahar ProvinceZhangjiakou is the provincial capital.On November 15, 1952, the organizational system of Chahar Province was revokedCha'nan Special Area、Chabei DistrictIt is under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province.Chengde CityIn 1929Rehe The provincial capital was abolished in 1955,[173]Most of its original districts are under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province.In 1958Shunyi、Yanqing、Pinggu、Tongxian County、Fangshan、Miyun、Huairou、DaxingAnd other counties are under the jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality.In February 1958, Tianjin was incorporated into Hebei Province, and in January 1967, Tianjin was restored as a municipality directly under the Central Government.In 1968,the Great Proletarian Cultural RevolutionDuring this period, the capital of Hebei Province moved from Baoding to Shijiazhuang.In 1973Jixian County、Baodi、Wuqing、Sea of Tranquillity、Ninghe RiverFive other counties were included in Tianjin, which has since formed the scale of the current jurisdiction of Hebei Province.On April 1, 2017, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued a notice, deciding to establish HebeiXiongan New Area。[6]
On March 30, 2023, Xiong'an New Area will use the exclusive license plate Ji X sequence. "X" is the first letter of Xiong, which marks a new license plate letter sequence in Hebei Province and the whole country.[130]
Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei Province
administrative division
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As of February 2022, Hebei Province has jurisdiction over 11 districts and cities, including Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Handan, Xingtai, Baoding, Zhangjiakou, Chengde, Cangzhou, Langfang and Hengshui;167 counties (cities and districts), including 49 municipal districts, 21 county-level cities, 91 counties and 6 autonomous counties;2254 townships (streets and district offices), including 310 streets, 1287 towns, 617 townships, 39 ethnic townships and 1 district office.[3][108]
Division Details of Hebei Province
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County level administrative regions under its jurisdiction
*Xiong County, Rongcheng County and Anxin County are under the trusteeship of Xiong'an New Area, and their administrative divisions are under the jurisdiction of Baoding City;Xinji and Dingzhou are the provincial pilot projects[125][128]
geographical environment
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Location context
Hebei Province, surrounded by the capital Beijing, is located between 113 ° 27 ′~119 ° 50 ′ east longitude and 36 ° 05 ′~42 ° 40 ′ north latitude in North China,Zhanghe RiverTo the north, it faces the Bohai Sea to the east, Beijing and Tianjin to the inner ring, Taihang Mountains to the west, Yanshan Mountains to the north, Zhangbei Plateau to the north, and the resthebei plain , with an area of 188800 square kilometers, the provincial capitalShijiazhuang City , NorthingBeijing283 km east ofTianjinAdjacent and adjacentthe bohai sea, Southeast, South TitleShandong Province、Henan Province, leaning to the westTaihang MountainAndShanxi ProvinceNeighboring, northwest, north andInner Mongolia Autonomous RegionBorder, Northeast andLiaoning ProvinceBordering.Affiliated to Langfang City“Beisan County”Sanhe、Large factory、XiangheSurrounded by Beijing and Tianjin, it has become an "enclave" of Hebei Province and the "back garden" of the capital.[1-2]
Hebei Province
topographic features
Hebei Province is the province with the most complete landform and ecosystem in China, and the only province in China that has both plain, plateau, grassland, forest land, mountain, hill, lake, river, desert, seashore and other landform and ecosystem. It is called the condensed "National Geographic Reader".[1][172][180-181]The terrain of Hebei Province is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, tilting from northwest to southeast.The landform is complex and diverse, with complete types of plateaus, mountains, hills, basins and plains, includingBashang Plateau、YanshanandTaihang MountainMountain areahebei plain Three geomorphic units.Bashang PlateauMongolian PlateauIn part, the terrain is high in the south and low in the north, with an average altitude of 1200~1500 meters, covering an area of 15954 square kilometers, accounting for 8.5% of the total area of Hebei Province.YanshanandTaihang MountainMountainous areas include four geomorphic types, namely, middle mountain area, low mountain area, hilly area and intermountain basin. Most of them are below 2000 meters above sea level, and there are more than 10 isolated peaks above 2000 meters, includingXiaowutai MountainWith an altitude of 2882m, it is the highest peak in Hebei Province.The mountainous area is 90280 square kilometers, accounting for 48.1% of the total area of Hebei Province.
The plain area of Hebei Province isNorth China PlainAccording to its origin, it can be divided into three geomorphic types: piedmont alluvial proluvial plain, middle lacustrine plain and coastal plain. The whole area is 81459 square kilometers, accounting for 43.4% of the total area of Hebei Province.[1-2]
the great wall
climate
Hebei Province has a temperate continental monsoon climate.Most regions have four distinct seasons.Annual sunshine duration is 2303.1 hours, and annual frost free period is 81~204 days;The annual average precipitation is 484.5mm, and the distribution characteristics of precipitation are more in the southeast and less in the northwest;The average temperature in January is below 3 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 18 ℃ to 27 ℃, with four distinct seasons.[1]
hydrology
There are many rivers in Hebei Province. There are more than 300 rivers with a length of more than 18 kilometers and less than 1000 kilometers.Most of the rivers in the territory originate from or flow through the Yanshan Mountains, the northern Hebei Mountains and the Taihang Mountains. Some of the downstream rivers flow into the sea together, some flow into the sea alone, and some flow into the lake without outflow due to the terrain.The main rivers from south to north areZhangweinan Canal、Ziya River、Daqing River、Yongding River、Chaobai River、Ji Canal、Luanhe RiverIt belongs to Haihe River, Luanhe River, Inland River and Liaohe River.The Haihe River system is the largest, followed by the Luanhe River system.[7]
natural resources
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Biological resources
Hebei Province is rich in animal resources. There are more than 530 kinds of terrestrial (including amphibian) vertebrates known, accounting for about 29.0% of the same kind of animals in China, including more than 80 kinds of mammals, accounting for about 20.3% of the country;There are more than 420 species of birds, accounting for 36.1% of the whole country;There are 19 reptiles and 10 amphibians.The province has 137 national and provincial key protected animals.In the wild animal resources, there are many precious and rare species in China, such as birdsBrown Eared PheasantIt is unique to Hebei and is a world rare bird. It is a national first-class protected animal. Other rare animals includesyrmaticus reevesii 、swan、macaque、leopard, QingyangMongolian gazelle、ferretEtc.
Rich in Hebei ProvinceGrass Carp、Silver carp、bighead、carp、Crucian carp、Megalobrama amblycephala、snakehead、Eel, shrimp, crab, etc.The fine scaled fish in Bashang, the crucian carp in Guyuan, the fragrant fish and amphioxus in Qinhuangdao, and the mandarin fish and mandarin fish in Baiyangdian are all famous.There are more than 110 coastal fishes, including hairtail, yellow croaker, barracuda, flatfish, monodon, flounder, pomfret, noodle fish, cuttlefish, etc.There are more than 20 kinds of shrimps, includingsquilla The production is the largest and prawn is famous at home and abroad.There are more than 10 kinds of crabs, which are also very famous.Shellfish, including clams, clams, clamsOysters, clams, etc.Algae include laver, cauliflower, sea cucumber, etc.[8]
Hebei Province is one of the provinces rich in plant resources in China.There are a total of 204 families, 940 genera and more than 2800 species of plants in the province, including 21 families of pteridophytes, accounting for 40.4% of the national total;There are 7 families of gymnosperms, accounting for 70% of the whole country;144 families of angiosperms, accounting for 49.5% of the whole country.Among them, the national key protected plants areWild soybean、a manchurian ash、Phellodendron amurense、Tilia amurensis、CorallineEtc.[8]
Grassland Sky Road
The forests in Hebei Province are mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of northern Hebei.Among them, the forest land area in Yanshan area accounts for more than 60% of the whole province, and the forest land area in Northwest Hebei Basin, Taihang Mountain and Bashang area accounts for 23% of the whole province.Main tree species includeChinese pine、larix principis-rupprechtii 、Aspen、a birch、Oak。The forest resources in the whole province decrease from north to south, mainly distributed in mountainous areas. The forest coverage in mountainous areas is 47.65% in northern Hebei, 21.45% in northwestern Hebei, and 19.84% in Taihang.The greening level of population gathering areas such as towns and villages is relatively low.The forest resources are mainly young and middle-aged forests, accounting for 84.22%. The forest coverage rate in Hebei Province is 34%.[8]
There are more than 100 kinds of fruit trees in Hebei Province. The dried fruits mainly include Chinese chestnut, walnut, persimmon, red jujube and Chinese prickly ash. The output of Chinese chestnut accounts for 1/4 of the total output of the country, ranking first in the country;The fresh fruits mainly include pears, apples, red fruits, apricots, peaches, grapes and pomegranates. The output of pears ranks first in the country, while the output of wild kiwi fruit, wild jujube, hazelnut, apricot and wild grape also has a certain output.Hebei fruit has many famous products, such asZhaoxian Snow Pear，Shenzhou Honey Peach，Xuanhua grape, Changli Apple,Cangzhou Golden Jujube, FupingZanhuang jujube、Qianxi ChestnutLulong Luren walnuts are popular at home and abroad.There are many kinds of shrubs, which are widely distributed. Some wild fruits and medicinal materials also belong to shrubs, and there are many kinds of herbs. There are more than 300 kinds of shrubs in Bashang area alone, including many fine grasses, such as gramineaeLeymus chinensis, awnless strawWheatgrass, leguminousAlfalfa，Mountain vetchEtc.More than 800 kinds of medicinal plants have been used, mainly including kudzu vine, liquorice, ephedra, rhubarb, codonopsis, wolfberry, jujube kernel, bupleurum, fangfeng, anemarrhena, angelica dahurica, polygala tenuifolia, platycodon grandiflorum, mint and scutellaria baicalensis.[8]
In 2021, the annual amount of straw collected in Hebei Province will be 58.418 million tons, and 56.63 million tons will be recycled, with a utilization rate of 97%.According to the previous level of energy conversion of 5.1%, the province can get more than 3 million tons of biomass fuel every year.According to the heat obtained, it can replace about 2.1 million tons of standard coal.Biomass energy is mainly composed of crop straw, firewood and human and livestock manure. The annual total amount of biomass energy in Hebei Province is about 22.9 million tons of standard coal.The amount of firewood is about 15.52 million tons.[10]
In 2023, 418000 hectares of afforestation will be completed in Hebei Province.[168]
water resource
In 2019, the average precipitation of Hebei Province was 442.7 mm, 64.9 mm less than the previous year and 89.0 mm less than the annual average.The surface water resources of the province are 5.137 billion cubic meters, and the underground water resources are 9.786 billion cubic meters. After deducting the repeated calculation of surface water and underground water resources, the total water resources of the province are 11.35 billion cubic meters, 5.054 billion cubic meters less than the previous year, and 9.119 billion cubic meters less than the annual average.The total water supply of the province is 18.229 billion cubic meters, of which surface water supply is 7.832 billion cubic meters, underground water supply is 9.644 billion cubic meters, and other water supply is 753 million cubic meters.The total water consumption of the province is 18.229 billion cubic meters, including 10.291 billion cubic meters for agricultural irrigation, 1.144 billion cubic meters for forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and livestock, 1.881 billion cubic meters for industrial use, 489 million cubic meters for urban public use, 2.215 billion cubic meters for residential use, and 2.209 billion cubic meters for ecological environment use.
In 2020, the average precipitation of the province will be 546.70 mm, which is a normal year. The total water resources of the province will be 14.626 billion cubic meters, including 5.571 billion cubic meters of surface water resources and 13.031 billion cubic meters of groundwater resources.[7]
Luanhe River Charm
mineral resources
By the end of 2021, 159 kinds of minerals have been found in Hebei Province (all the minerals involved below are sub minerals), including 133 minerals with verified resources and 26 minerals without verified resources;There are 94 kinds of minerals listed in the Table of Mineral Resources Reserves of Hebei Province in 2021 (hereinafter referred to as the Table of Reserves), and 39 kinds of minerals not listed in the Table of Reserves.1560 mineral sites are listed in the Reserves Table, which are divided into 167 energy minerals, 911 metal minerals, and 482 non-metallic minerals according to the major categories of minerals;According to the scale of ore producing areas: 213 large, 369 medium and 978 small.Among the minerals listed in the Reserves Table, 39 kinds of minerals, such as iron ore and dolomite for metallurgy, rank among the top 5 in terms of resources in China;There are 17 kinds of molybdenum ore and limestone for flux in the 6th to 10th place.Among the major minerals, coal ranks 13th in China;Iron ore ranks the third in China;Molybdenum mine ranks 10th in China;Gold mine ranks 18th in China;Dolomite for metallurgy ranks fifth in China;Limestone for cement ranks 13th in China.[9]
Geothermal resources
Hebei Province is rich in geothermal resources, which are widely distributed and shallow buried, and belong to convection type, conduction type, and multiple genetic superposition compound type.According to the regional geological structure and landform, the geothermal resources of the whole province can be divided into four hot water areas, namely, the mountain area in northern Hebei, the mountain area in western Hebei, the intermountain basin in northwestern Hebei, and the plain area in Hebei.If the proven deep geothermal resources and shallow geothermal energy are added together, the total amount after converting into standard coal is 175.128 billion tons.The total exploitable amount of geothermal water in the plain area is 1.404 billion cubic meters, and the actual annual exploitable amount is more than 50 million cubic meters, accounting for 3.6% of the total.[10]
climatic resources
Hebei Province is rich in wind energy resources, mainly distributed in Zhangjiakou, Chengde Bashang, Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, Cangzhou coastal areas, as well as Taihang Mountains and Yanshan Mountains.By the end of 2019, Hebei Province had accumulated 17.6 million kilowatts of wind power installed capacity, ranking third in the country.The annual solar radiation in Hebei Province is 4981-5966 megajoules/square meter, and the sunshine rate is 50% - 70%. The average annual sunshine hours in Zhangjiakou and Chengde areas in northern Hebei Province are 3000-3200 hours, and 2200-3000 hours in central Hebei and eastern Hebei, respectively, which are solar energy resource category II and category III areas.As of the third quarter of 2019, Hebei Province has achieved 13.63 million kilowatts of photovoltaic installed capacity, ranking third in the country.[10]
byBy the end of 2023, the total permanent population of Hebei Province73.93 million, 270000 fewer than at the end of the previous year.The urbanization rate of permanent population was 62.77%, 1.12 percentage points higher than that at the end of last year, with a birth population of 410000;617000 people died.The natural population growth rate was - 2.8 ‰, down 1.1 thousandths of a point from the previous year.[168]
Change of permanent population in Hebei Province (2017~2022)
Reference source:[151-156]
According to the results of the seventh national population census, the Han population in Hebei Province is 71389092, accounting for 95.68%;The population of ethnic minorities is 3221143, accounting for 4.32%.Compared with the sixth national population census in 2010, the Han population increased by 2527759, or 3.67%;The population of all ethnic minorities increased by 228266, or 7.63%.The main ethnic groups in Hebei Province areHan nationalityThere are 55 ethnic minorities including Manchu, Hui, Mongolian, Zhuang, Korean, Miao and Tujia.[84]
The first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403),Emperor Chengzu of the Ming DynastyDecided to move the capital of the countryPeiping(renamed Beijing after the relocation of the capital), and changed the name of the North Parallel Division toDaning Dusi, moved to Baoding, and was responsible for the security and safety around Beijing.clearShunzhiIn the 16th year (1659), Zhili Province was officially established, and the governor was stationed in Daming Mansion.In the eighth year of Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1669),Governor of ZhiliAfter moving to Baoding Prefecture, the provincial capital moved to Baoding until the late Qing Dynasty.[17]
Miracle of Architecture Zhaozhou Bridge
After the ninth year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1870), the Governor of Zhili served concurrentlyMinister Beiyang, Governor in Tianjin in summer and in winterBaoding, which lasted until the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1900)Eight-Nation AllianceIt changed after Beijing and Tianjin were occupied.beiyang government During this period, the Governor of Zhili worked in Tianjin.
In June of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), Zhili Province was changed into Hebei Province (the name of Hebei Province appeared). The capital of Hebei Province was still in Tianjin, but it moved to Beiping in October.In October of the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), the provincial capital was moved to Tianjin again.In June of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), Tianjin was changed into a municipality directly under the Central Government, and the capital of Hebei Province was moved to Baoding.along withCounter-Japanese WarStart ofWar of LiberationAt that time, the provincial government was like a small boat in the wind and rain, constantly changing its location. From the 28th year of the Republic of China to the 29th year of the Republic of China (1939-1940), the provincial capital was located in Baoding, Hebei Province, and later it was once in Shaanxi.After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the government of Hebei Province resumed its work in Xi'an and soon moved back to Beiping.[18]
In July 1949, most of North China was liberated,People's Government of North ChinaIt was decided to establish a unified Hebei Province.CPC Hebei Provincial CommitteePeople's Government of Hebei ProvinceIt was successively established in Baoding, and Baoding became the capital of Hebei Province.During the Great Leap Forward in April 1958, in order to promote each other and leap forward in an all-round way, the seventh session of the First Provincial People's Congress decided to move the provincial capital from Baoding to Tianjin.In 1966, the United States expanded its war of aggression against Vietnam, and Sino Soviet relations deteriorated.In response to Comrade Mao Zedong's instruction of "preparing for war and famine", the Hebei Provincial Party Committee decided to withdraw the provincial capital from Tianjin and move it back to Baoding.Only a few days after the provincial capital returned the insurance“the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution”Outbreak, the power of the party and government in Hebei Province was taken away by the rebels.[19]
In January 1968,Beijing Military RegionThe preparatory meeting of the Hebei Provincial Revolutionary Committee was held in Beijing.It is suggested that the capital of Hebei Province should be moved from Baoding City to Shijiazhuang City.On February 3 of the same year, the Revolutionary Committee of Hebei Province approved by the central government was established in Shijiazhuang, which became the new capital of Hebei Province.After the removal of the provincial capital, it was not calm, and there was another debate about "retaining the stones" and "returning the stones".In March 1971, Premier Zhou Enlai instructed that the capital of Hebei Province should be built on the spot and should not be relocated.Since then, the provincial capital has been located in Shijiazhuang[19]。
On May 1, 2016, with the approval of the State Council, the People's Government of Hebei Province was established by ShijiazhuangQiaoxi DistrictNo. 46 Weiming South Street moved to ShijiazhuangChang'an District113 Yuhua East Road, officially opened at the new address since May 3, 2016[20]。
In 2023, Hebei's GDP will reach 4394.41 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year.Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 446.62 billion yuan, up 2.6%;The added value of the secondary industry was 1643.53 billion yuan, up 6.2%;The added value of the tertiary industry was 2304.26 billion yuan, up 5.5%.The proportion of the three industries is 10.2:37.4:52.4.The per capita GDP of the province was 59332 yuan, an increase of 5.8% over the previous year.[168]
In 2023, 899000 new urban jobs will be created in Hebei Province, an increase of 2100 over the previous year.321300 urban unemployed people were re employed, an increase of 21100 over the previous year.The number of people in difficulty in finding jobs was 109000, an increase of 61000 over the previous year.The province has 1738 basic units transferred from Beijing to Tianjin.1092 legal entities were transferred, including 742 in Beijing and 350 in Tianjin;646 industrial activity units were transferred, including 520 in Beijing and 126 in Tianjin.[168]
In 2023, the consumer price of residents in Hebei Province will rise 0.6% over the previous year.Among them, urban growth was 0.7%, and rural growth was 0.4%.By category, food, tobacco and alcohol prices rose by 0.5%, clothing by 2.3%, housing by 0.3%, daily necessities and services by 0.6%, transportation and communication by 2.4%, education, culture and entertainment by 1.5%, medical care by 3.2%, and other supplies and services by 3.2%.Among the food, tobacco and wine prices, the price of grain rose by 1.4%, the price of eggs rose by 0.6%, the price of pork dropped by 14.8%, and the price of fresh vegetables dropped by 3.6%.In the whole year, the ex factory price of industrial producers fell 5.3% year on year, and the purchase price of industrial producers fell 6.2% year on year.The producer price index of agricultural products fell by 4.5%.[168]
In 2023, the total investment in fixed assets in Hebei Province will increase by 6.1% over the previous year.Among them, the investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers) increased by 6.3%.In the investment in fixed assets (excluding farmers), the investment in the primary industry decreased by 20.6% over the previous year;Investment in the secondary industry increased by 6.9%;Investment in the tertiary industry increased by 6.9%.Investment in industrial technological upgrading increased by 9.8%, accounting for 55.9% of industrial investment.Infrastructure investment increased by 17.7%, accounting for 28.7% of fixed asset investment (excluding farmers), an increase of 6.9 percentage points over the previous year.Investment in ecological protection and environmental governance decreased by 32.6%, investment in water conservancy management increased by 26.4%, investment in municipal facilities management decreased by 0.5%, and investment in education, health and social work, culture, sports and entertainment and other social fields increased by 8.0% in total.Private fixed asset investment increased by 1.4%, accounting for 50.2% of fixed asset investment (excluding farmers).[168]
In 2023, the general public budget revenue of Hebei Province will be 428.61 billion yuan, an increase of 5.7% over the previous year.Among them, tax revenue was 257.77 billion yuan, up 14.9%.The general public budget expenditure was 960.57 billion yuan, an increase of 3.2% over the previous year.[168]
In 2023, the added value of private economy in Hebei Province will be 2762.66 billion yuan, up 5.5% over the previous year;It accounted for 62.9% of the province's GDP, 0.2 percentage points higher than the previous year.[168]
In 2023, the per capita disposable income of Hebei residents will be 32903 yuan, up 6.6% year on year.By permanent residence, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 43631 yuan, up 5.7% year on year;The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 20688 yuan, up 6.8% year on year.The ratio of per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents was 2.11, 0.02 less than that of the previous year.The per capita consumption expenditure of residents in the province was 22920 yuan, up 9.7% year on year.By permanent residence, the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents was 27906 yuan, up 11.3%;The per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents was 17244 yuan, up 6.0%.The Engel coefficient of provincial residents was 29.4%, down 0.4 percentage points over the previous year.Among them, 27.8% are in urban areas and 32.4% are in rural areas.[168]
In 2023, the added value of strategic emerging industries of industries above designated size in Hebei Province will increase by 4.4%;The added value of high-tech industries increased by 7.5%, accounting for 21.4% of the added value of industries above designated size;Among the nine leading industries of industries above designated size, the added value of high-end equipment industry increased by 8.5%, advanced steel industry by 7.7%, green chemical industry by 7.5%, and bio pharmaceutical industry by 6.4%.In the service industry above designated size, the operating revenue of high-tech service industry increased by 2.7%.The annual online retail sales reached 465.46 billion yuan, an increase of 10.6% over the previous year.There were 1.4496 million newly registered business entities throughout the year, and by the end of 2023, the total number of business entities was 8.5337 million.[168]
primary industry
Grain sown area in Hebei Province in 2023645500 hectares, an increase of 11000 hectares over the previous year, up 0.18% year on year.The total grain output was 38.099 million tons, down 1.4% over the previous year.Among them, the output of summer grain was 14.986 million tons, up 0.8%;The output of autumn grain was 23.113 million tons, down 2.8%.[168]
In 2023, Hebei ProvinceThe cotton planting area was 86000 hectares, down 25.9% over the previous year, and the total output was 104000 tons, down 25.3%.The sown area of oilseeds was 343400 hectares, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year, and the total output was 1.183 million tons, an increase of 2.4%.The sown area of Chinese herbal medicine was 139000 hectares, down 0.5% over the previous year, and the total output was 985000 tons, up 3.6%.The sown area of vegetables was 843.8 thousand hectares, an increase of 0.6% over the previous year, and the total output was 54.985 million tons, an increase of 1.7%.Among them, the output of edible fungi (dry and fresh mixed) was 2.136 million tons, up 8.6%.The output of garden fruits was 11.666 million tons, an increase of 2.4% over the previous year.The output of edible nuts was 748000 tons, up 3.1%.The output of pig, cattle, sheep and poultry meat was 4.911 million tons, up 3.3%.Among them, the output of pork was 2.833 million tons, up 3.6%;The beef output was 594000 tons, up 2.2%;The mutton output was 375000 tons, up 1.6%;The output of poultry meat was 1.109 million tons, up 3.7%.The output of poultry eggs was 4.046 million tons, up 1.6%;The output of milk was 5.719 million tons, up 4.6%.The total power of agricultural machinery was 84.0377 million kilowatts (excluding agricultural transport vehicles), an increase of 1.88% over the previous year.[168]
Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei Province
the secondary industry
In 2023, the total industrial added value of Hebei Province will be 1396.87 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year, of which the added value of industries above designated size will increase by 6.9%.In industries above designated size, by economic type, the added value of state-owned enterprises increased by 7.8%, collective enterprises decreased by 46.1%, joint-stock enterprises increased by 7.4%, foreign enterprises, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan enterprises increased by 4.7%, and private enterprises increased by 5.9%.By category, the added value of the mining industry increased by 13.0%, the manufacturing industry by 6.4%, and the production and supply of electricity, heat, gas and water by 5.8%.In terms of enterprise scale, the added value of large enterprises increased by 8.0%, that of medium-sized enterprises by 10.7%, and that of small enterprises by 2.5%.[168]
In 2023, among industries above designated size in Hebei Province, the added value of agricultural and sideline food processing industry will increase by 0.7%, food manufacturing industry will increase by 0.5%, oil, coal and other fuel processing industry will increase by 17.3%, non-metallic mineral products industry will decrease by 4.3%, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry will increase by 7.7%, pharmaceutical manufacturing industry will increase by 6.7%, special equipment manufacturing industry will decrease by 1.6%, and automobile manufacturing industry will increase by 11.6%,Computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing fell 3.7%.
In 2023, industrial enterprises above designated size in Hebei Province will achieve a total profit of 116.6 billion yuan, an increase of 2.9% over the previous year.In terms of economic types, state-owned holding enterprises realized a total profit of 33.01 billion yuan, up 30.5%;The total profit of joint-stock enterprises was 89.67 billion yuan, up 7.0%;The total profit of enterprises invested by foreign businessmen, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan was 25.52 billion yuan, down 2.5%.By category, the mining industry realized a total profit of 16.69 billion yuan, up 35.5%;The manufacturing industry realized a total profit of 79.7 billion yuan, down 3.9%;The total profit of power, heat, gas and water production and supply industries was 20.21 billion yuan, up 11.9%.[168]
In 2023, the added value of the whole social construction industry in Hebei Province250.71 billion yuan, up 9.8% over the previous year.Building construction area of construction enterprises above qualification level was 334.365 million square meters, down 6.9%;The completed housing area was 78 million square meters, up 9.9%.The profit of general contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification level was 11.21 billion yuan, up 27.1% over the previous year, and its Chinese holding enterprises were 4.98 billion yuan, up 4.7%.[168]
the service sector; the tertiary industry
In 2023, the added value of Hebei's wholesale and retail industry will be 374.23 billion yuan, up 6.3% over the previous year;The added value of transportation, warehousing and postal services was 342.09 billion yuan, up 6.5%;The added value of accommodation and catering industry was 41.51 billion yuan, up 14.1%;The added value of the financial industry was 301.58 billion yuan, up 7.7%;The added value of the real estate industry was 234.3 billion yuan, down 0.9%;The added value of information transmission, software and information technology services was 98.84 billion yuan, up 7.3%.The added value of the logistics industry in the whole year was 305.17 billion yuan, up 6.2%.In the whole year, the operating income of service enterprises above designated size increased by 3.0% over the previous year, and the operating profit increased by 101.8%.[168]
In 2023, the total business volume of the postal industry in Hebei Province will be 64.59 billion yuan, an increase of 20.5% over the previous year.13.126 million postal letters, up 8.3%;The parcel business reached 1.423 million, up 9.9%.The express business volume was 6.6 billion, up 25.3%;The express business revenue was 46.41 billion yuan, up 22.0%.The total amount of telecommunication services completed in the year was 78.31 billion yuan, up 18.5%.
By the end of 2023, the total number of telephone users in Hebei Province has reached 93.663 million, including 87.795 million mobile phone users.The penetration rate of mobile phones rose to 118.3 per hundred people.5.868 million fixed telephone users.There were 31.797 million fixed Internet broadband access users, a net increase of 1.871 million over the end of the previous year, including 29.839 million fixed Internet fiber broadband access users, a net increase of 11.346 million over the end of the previous year.The number of mobile Internet users was 78.492 million, a net increase of 2.704 million over the end of the previous year.Mobile Internet access traffic has totaled 11.98 billion gigabytes, up 11.7 percent over the previous year.[168]
In 2023, the total retail sales of consumer goods in Hebei Province will reach 1504.05 billion yuan, an increase of 9.6% over the previous year.According to the statistics of the place where the business unit is located, the retail sales of urban consumer goods reached 1275.78 billion yuan, up 9.6%;Retail sales of rural consumer goods reached 228.27 billion yuan, up 10.0%.According to the type of consumption, the retail sales of goods reached 1373.6 billion yuan, up 9.8%;Catering revenue was 130.45 billion yuan, up 8.1%.
Among the retail sales of commodities above the designated size, grain, oil and food increased by 2.9%, beverages by 12.1%, tobacco and alcohol by 8.7%, clothing, shoes, hats, needles and textiles by 19.6%, cosmetics by 12.6%, gold, silver and jewelry by 24.3%, daily necessities by 4.8%, hardware and electrical materials by 13.8%, sports and entertainment by 41.2%, books, newspapers and magazines by 6.8%,Household appliances and audio-visual equipment increased by 30.5%, Chinese and Western medicines by 4.9%, cultural and office supplies by 37.0%, furniture by 41.2%, communication equipment by 5.5%, oil and products by 26.7%, and automobiles by 13.2%.[168]
In 2023, investment in real estate development in Hebei Province will decrease by 12.7% over the previous year.Among them, residential investment declined by 10.0%, office building investment declined by 30.7%, and commercial business housing investment declined by 28.0%.
In 2023, the total import and export value of Hebei Province will reach 581.84 billion yuan, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year.Among them, the total export value was 350.55 billion yuan, up 9.3%;The total import value was 231.29 billion yuan, up 4.6%.Among exports, the export of textile yarns, fabrics and products was 18.54 billion yuan, up 4.3%;The export of clothing and clothing accessories was 15.92 billion yuan, down 10.6%;The export of steel was 27.44 billion yuan, down 28.5%;The export of agricultural products was 15.86 billion yuan, up 11.8%;The export of mechanical and electrical products was 162.73 billion yuan, up 33.1%;The export of high-tech products was 24.88 billion yuan, down 1.6%.The total import and export volume to countries along the "Belt and Road" was 212.72 billion yuan, up 13.3% over the previous year.Among them, the export was 146.29 billion yuan, up 16.5%;Imports reached 66.43 billion yuan, up 6.9%.[168]
In 2023, the actual use of foreign capital in Hebei Province will be 1.75 billion US dollars, an increase of 5.5% over the previous year.521 entrepreneurs were newly established in the province, up 17.9%;Contractual foreign investment reached US $6.69 billion, down 28.7%.
By the end of 2023, the balance of various RMB deposits of all financial institutions in Hebei Province had reached 11239.61 billion yuan, an increase of 1257.10 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, including 7898.5 billion yuan of household deposits, an increase of 969.46 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.The balance of RMB loans of all financial institutions was 8638.93 billion yuan, an increase of 1000.76 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.The balance of RMB inclusive financial loans was 957.79 billion yuan, an increase of 238.37 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.[168]
In 2023, the original insurance premium income of the insurance industry in Hebei Province will be 213.63 billion yuan, an increase of 4.6% over the previous year.Among them, premium income from property insurance business was 62.61 billion yuan, up 6.0%;The premium income from life insurance business was 151.01 billion yuan, up 4.0%.The insurance industry paid 84.34 billion yuan, up 28.1%.Including 47.08 billion yuan of compensation expenses for property insurance business, up 37.3%;The compensation expense for life insurance business was 37.26 billion yuan, up 18.1%.[168]
In 2023, Hebei Province will receive 844 million domestic tourists, an increase of 154.4% year on year, and generate revenue (total tourism revenue) of 1011.62 billion yuan, an increase of 236.2% year on year.[168]
2022On August 8, the Hebei Provincial Government issued and implemented the Measures for the Administration of Hebei Provincial Government Quality Awards, which further promoted the construction of a province with strong quality, guided and encouraged all industries in the province to strengthen quality management, pursue excellent performance, and demonstrate and drive high-quality development.[109]In 2019, Xiong'an New District of Hebei Province and Zhangjiakou Winter Olympics Competition Zone will pilot digital RMB.In December 2022, the pilot scope of digital RMB in Hebei Province will be expanded from Xiong'an New Area and Zhangjiakou City to the whole province, becoming the first batch of provinces in China to expand the pilot scope.[122]
social undertakings
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education
In 2023, Hebei Province will enroll 30000 graduate students, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year;87000 graduate students in school, up 6.3%;There were 24000 graduates, up 24.5%.There are 128 ordinary colleges and universities in the province, with 583000 students enrolled in ordinary and vocational colleges, up 4.5%;1.84 million students in school, up 3.7%;There were 509000 graduates, up 4.2%.There are 892000 secondary vocational school students, 1826000 ordinary high school students, 6.532 million primary school students, and 1.994 million preschool children.[168]
As of June 15, 2023, there are 133 colleges and universities in Hebei Province, including 128 ordinary colleges and universities, including 61 undergraduate colleges and 67 vocational (junior college) colleges;5 adult colleges and universities.[148]
Undergraduate colleges and universities in Hebei Province
Prefecture level city
school
Shijiazhuang City
Hebei Normal University、Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang Railway University, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Hebei University of Geosciences, Hebei University of Economics and Trade, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei Institute of Physical Education, Shijiazhuang UniversityHebei Polytechnic UniversityHebei Media College, Hebei Academy of Fine Arts, Hebei Foreign Languages College, Hebei Institute of Engineering and Technology, Huihua College of Hebei Normal University, Clinical College of Hebei Medical University, Sifang College of Shijiazhuang Railway University, School of Economics and Management of Hebei University of Economics and Trade, Huaxin College of Hebei University of Geosciences
Tangshan City
North China University of Technology, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan University, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Light Industry College of North China University of Technology, and Jitang College of North China University of Technology
Qinhuangdao City
Yanshan University, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Hebei College of Environmental Engineering, Liren College of Yanshan University
Handan City
Hebei Engineering University, Handan University, Science and Information College of Hebei Engineering University
North China Electric Power University (Baoding)Hebei University, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei Finance College, Central Judicial Police College, China Institute of Labor Relations, Baoding College, Baoding Institute of Technology, and Modern Science and Technology College of Hebei Agricultural University
Zhangjiakou City
Hebei North University, Hebei Institute of Architecture and Engineering, Zhangjiakou University
Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou Jiaotong University, Oriental College of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Langfang City
People's Police University of China, North China University of Science and Technology, Disaster Prevention Institute of Science and Technology, North China Institute of Aerospace Industry, Langfang Normal University, Yanjing Institute of Technology, Hebei Oriental University
In 2023, there will be 887 provincial and above enterprise technology centers, 1113 technology innovation centers (engineering technology research centers), and 367 key laboratories in Hebei Province.574 national and provincial high-tech industrialization projects were organized and implemented, including 16 national major special projects and demonstration projects under construction, and 2 new national high-tech industrialization demonstration projects.A total of 22613 technical contracts were signed throughout the year, with a turnover of 178.99 billion yuan, an increase of 22.1% over the previous year.In 2023, 91976 new patent authorizations will be granted in the province, a decrease of 20.24% over the previous year.By the end of 2023, the province had 64618 valid invention patents, an increase of 24.39% over the previous year.[168]
By the end of 2023, Hebei Province has 2637 inspection and testing institutions, 23 national quality inspection centers and 65 provincial quality inspection centers.There are 23 certification bodies for products, systems and services, and 2978 enterprises in the province have obtained compulsory product certification.There were 151 legal metrological technical institutions, and 564500 sets (pieces) of measuring instruments were compulsorily verified throughout the year.254 provincial and local standards were formulated and revised.There are 4 seismic telemetry networks, 19 manned seismic stations, 6 marine observation stations, 1 provincial geological environment monitoring station, 18 weather radar observation stations, and 2 satellite cloud image receiving stations in the province.[168]
Culture and sports
By the end of 2023, Hebei Province has 231 museums and 181 public libraries;There are 182 cultural centers and 179 comprehensive archives.There are 6.81 million cable TV users and 6.43 million cable digital TV users.At the end of the year, the comprehensive population coverage rate of radio programs was 99.83%, and that of television programs was 99.88%.12 feature films were produced throughout the year.912 million newspapers and 360.77 million books were published.[168]
Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province2022 Beijing Winter OlympicsThe host city of snow sports,Undertake all snow sports except snowmobile, sledge, alpine skiing and freestyle ski jumping platform.[85][90-91][115-116]
In 2023, the athletes of Hebei Province won five gold medals, five silver medals and eight bronze medals in international competitions (individual world championships).[168]
medical and health work
By the end of 2023, there are 92825 medical and health institutions in Hebei Province, including 2487 hospitals, 1965 township hospitals, 1631 community health service centers (stations), 184 maternal and child health care centers (stations), and 187 centers for disease prevention and control.644900 health technicians, including 289800 licensed doctors and assistant licensed doctors, and 269700 registered nurses.There are 534000 beds in medical and health institutions, including 414900 in hospitals and 89800 in township hospitals.[168]
social security
By the end of 2023, 19.4983 million people in Hebei Province had participated in the basic pension insurance for urban employees, an increase of 821300 over the beginning of the year.Among them, the basic endowment insurance for enterprise employees reached 16.1339 million (including retirees), an increase of 781100 over the beginning of the year.At the end of the period, 8.1519 million people participated in unemployment insurance in the whole province, an increase of 197500 over the beginning of the year.At the end of the period, 11.5353 million people in the province participated in industrial injury insurance, an increase of 476100 over the beginning of the year, including 4.7546 million migrant workers who participated in industrial injury insurance.[168]
By the end of 2023, there were 2011 social service institutions providing accommodation in Hebei Province, with 247700 beds.There are 310 support institutions for the poverty-stricken people.52549 comprehensive community service institutions and facilities.[168]
In the 2019 poverty alleviation assessment, it was identified as having completed the annual plan, achieved remarkable poverty reduction results, and had a good comprehensive evaluation, and was awarded by the General Office of the State Council.[21]On February 29, 2020, Hebei announced the "zero clearing" of poverty-stricken counties.[22]
From June 1, 2023, marriage registration in Hebei Province will be carried out "across provinces", and can be carried out on the spot without returning to their original places of originreason[147]。
traffic
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In 2022, the total volume of freight transportation in Hebei Province will be 2.41 billion tons, down 10.7% over the previous year;The turnover of goods was 1501.84 billion ton kilometers, down 3.3%.The total number of passengers transported was 90 million, down 43.3%;The passenger transport turnover was 38.22 billion person kilometers, down 44.0%.The passenger throughput of the airport was 6.86 million, down 18.8%.The cargo throughput of coastal ports was 1.28 billion tons, up 3.4%;The container throughput of coastal ports was 4.983 million TEUs, up 3.7%.The highway mileage in the province is 209000 kilometers (including village roads), up 1.0% over the previous year.Among them, 241.3 kilometers of expressways were newly added, and the mileage of expressways open to traffic reached 8325.8 kilometers;The total mileage of rural roads reached 180000 km (including special roads).[124]
By the end of 2021, the number of civil cars in Hebei Province had reached 18.553 million (including three wheeled cars and low-speed trucks), an increase of 5.2% over the end of the previous year, including 16.978 million private cars, an increase of 4.7%.The number of civilian cars was 11.112 million, up 5.0%, including 10.699 million private cars, up 4.7%.
On October 9, 2021, after comprehensive review, Hebei Province plans to determine 35 counties (districts, cities) including Jinzhou City of Shijiazhuang City as the provincial county-level pilot counties (districts, cities) for urban and rural passenger transport integration.[87]
There are 27 in Hebei ProvinceNational trunk highwayThe turnover volume of highway goods ranks second among mainland provinces in China;The total mileage of expressways in the province reached 7279 kilometers, ranking second in the country.[23]
shipping
The sea transportation conditions in Hebei Province are very convenient, from south to northHuanghua Port、Tianjin Port、Tangshan PortJingtang Port AreaQinhuangdao Port, and Tangshan Port under constructionCaofeidianThe port area and other large ports for sea going.Qinhuangdao PortWith an annual throughput of 200 million tons, it is the second largest port in mainland China;Tangshan Port Jingtanggang District has formed a handling capacity of 300 million tons. Tangshan PortCaofeidian Port AreaIt has reached 300 million tons,Huanghua PortThe annual throughput also exceeded 100 million tons.Including Tangshan PortQinhuangdao PortIt ranks among the top 8 seaports in China.
aviation
Shijiazhuang Zhengding International Airport
As of July 2022, there are 7 civil aviation airports open to traffic and 1 airport under construction in Hebei Province.Beijing Daxing International AirportOpened to navigation on September 25, 2019, it is located at the junction of Beijing and Langfang.Shijiazhuang Zhengding International AirportIn 2018, it entered the ranks of ten million level airports, with 2 terminals, 1 comprehensive bonded area, 2 international express supervision centers, and 4 base airlines。Qinhuangdao Beidaihe AirportThe construction level is 4C[118]The runway is 2600m long.Handan Airport It was completed and opened to navigation in 2007.Tangshan Sannvhe AirportIt was opened to navigation on July 13, 2010, and more than 20 routes were opened.2013Zhangjiakou Ningyuan Airport It is officially open to navigation.On May 31, 2017,Chengde Puning AirportIt is officially open to navigation.[24-31]On July 27, 2022,Xingtai Yaozhang AirportIt has passed the completion acceptance and is not yet open to navigation.[119]
As of January 2023, Hebei Province has opened one subway systemShijiazhuang Metro。
Shijiazhuang Metro3 lines have been operated, including Line 1 Phase I and Phase II, Line 2 Phase I, Line 3 Phase I and Phase II, with a total mileage of 78.2km and 60 stations;Four lines are under construction, including the north section and phase III of Line 1 Phase II, Phase I of Line 4, Phase I of Line 5 and Phase I of Line 6.The north section of Line 1 Phase II has a total length of about 3.1 km and 2 stations;Line 1 Phase III is 3.77km long, with 2 stations;Phase I of Line 4 is about 22.43km long, with 20 stations in total;Phase I of Line 5 is about 19.9 km long, with 19 stations;Phase I of Line 6 is about 12.75km long, with 9 stations.[32-34][81][105][112][145]
Xiong'an Rail TransitOne line under construction, R1 line.The line starts from Xiong'an Terminal Station in the starting area of Xiong'an New Area in the south and ends at Beijing Daxing International Airport in the north, with a total length of about 86 km, including about 65 km of elevated section, about 1 km of U-shaped trough transition section, and about 20 km of underground section. There are 8 stations in total.[117]
Beijing Metro Line 22Pinggu Line is the first trans provincial subway line in Beijing, with a total length of about 81.2 km and 21 stations.Hebei section (Sanhe section) is about 30km, with 5 stations, and Beijing section has 16 stations.[35][120-121]
Hebei Province asChinese Civilization After thousands of years of accumulation, it has formed a rich and unique culture and become a veritable province of cultural resources.There are 34046 immovable cultural relics in the provincethe Great Wall、the Imperial Mountain Summer ResortAnd its surrounding templesEastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty、Qing Xiling3 items and 5 placesWorld Cultural Heritage；There are 168 key cultural relics under national protection, ranking the third in China;There are 930 provincial-level cultural relics protection sites, ranking first in the country;227 national intangible cultural heritage projects, ranking second in China;There are 400 provincial intangible cultural heritage projects and 91 national intangible cultural heritage representative inheritors, ranking first in the country;There are 260 representative inheritors of provincial intangible cultural heritage.Cangzhou CityIt is not only the first hometown of martial arts in China, but also the cradle of acrobatics in the world.[174-175]
Supporting elements mainly include the capital of Zhao:Xingtai、HandanandXingtai Ancient City、Site of Zhongshan State, Yixian CountyXiadu 、Zhuozhou Sanyi Palace、Yecheng, YongnianGuangfu ancient city、Zhengding Ancient CityEtc.The Seven Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring States Warring.Whether YanrenJing KeIn the face of national crisis, the impassioned and sad song is stillZhao Xindu (now Xingtai, Hebei)Zhao Wuling Kingreleaselearn from other 's meritsAnd set a precedent for China's reform,Incorruptible、Lin XiangruAt present, the foreign enemies are making peace with each other with no selfish desire and great righteousness, including Zhongshan's fearless spirit of being unwilling to be mediocre and enterprising in the eyes of the seven tigers who are a country of thousands of times.
Charm of Beijing (Zhili Culture)
Supporting elements mainly includeGovernor Office of Zhili Province、Chengde Mountain Resort, ZunhuaEastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty, Yixian CountyQing Xiling, Xuanhua Bell and Drum Tower, BoxersLangfang VictoryAnd Yangyuan CountyNihewan Site Group, Zhuolu CountySanzu Holy LandZhangbei CountySite of Central Capital of the Yuan DynastyEtc.Hebei YuanweiSecretariat, stated ascapital, Qing WeiZhili Province, with a prominent position, the geographical location of the capital has been maintained.In the Qing Dynasty, the governor of Zhili in charge of the Beijing Tianjin Hebei government office was in Baoding, and the second political center was in Chengde. One of the royal tombs of the Qing Dynasty was the Eastern Tomb of the Qing Dynasty in Zunhua, Tangshan, and the other was the Western Tomb of the Qing Dynasty in Yixian, Baoding.At the same time, the changes of the capital of Hebei Province between Beijing and Tianjin during the Beiyang and the Republic of China, including after the founding of the People's Republic of China, can also be explored and publicized, as well as the relationship between Zhang Cheng and Beijing's back garden and water sources, and the status of Langfang as the Beijing Tianjin corridor.The historical relics, such as Nihewan Ancient Human Site in Yangyuan County, Zhangjiakou, the Holy Land of the Three Ancestors of Yan, Huang and Chi in Zhuolu County, and the Site of the Central Capital of the Yuan Dynasty in Zhangbei County, further strengthen the charm of the important place around Beijing.
The best customs in the world
Strolling the Bohai Sea (open culture)
Supporting elements mainly includeQinhuangdao Port、Jingtanggang、Caofeidian Port、Huanghua PortAnd the cradle of China's modern industry——Tangshan。Tangshan, the famous cradle of modern Chinese industry around the Bohai Sea in Hebei Province, is home to China's first barrel of machine-made cement, the first successful mechanized mine, the first standard gauge railway, the first steam locomotive and the first sanitary porcelain, and a tourist attractionpeitaiho、Gold CoastWait, yesQinhuangdao Port、Jingtanggang、CaofeidianandHuanghua PortAnd other series ports.
Beidaihe Mountain is connected with the sea
cultural relics and historic sites
Announce
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overview
Hebei is a province with a large number of cultural relics. There are 930 cultural relics protection units at or above the provincial level, ranking first in China.With the Great WallChengdethe Imperial Mountain Summer ResortAnd surrounding templesEastern Royal Tombs of the Qing DynastyandQing Xiling3 World Cultural Heritage;haveHandan、Baoding, ChengdePositive definite、ShanhaiguanFive national historical and cultural cities.Hebei is the province where the Great Wall passes the longest distance, is the best preserved and has the most representative architectural style. There are more than 2000 kilometers of Great Wall remains in Hebei,Old dragon head、Shanhaiguan、JinshanlingThe essence of the Great Wall, such as the Great Wall, is in Hebei.Chengde Mountain Resort is the largest existing royal garden in the worldOuter Eight TemplesIt is the largest royal temple group in China.The Eastern and Western Tombs of the Qing Dynasty are the largest and best preserved imperial tombs in China.Zhaozhou BridgeKnown as the "ancestor of the world's arch bridges", it is the world's oldest open shoulder stone arch bridge, with a history of more than 1400 years.[36]The Nihewan Site Group is the origin of human civilization in East Asia, the center of the origin of mankind and its culture in the world, known as the "hometown of oriental mankind", and one of the earliest origins of human beings alongside Africa.[178-179]In 1997, it became the first provincial geological heritage reserve in Hebei Province. In 1998, it was rated as one of the top ten archaeological sites in China and the fifth batch of key cultural relics under national protection.[178-179][182-183]
Governor Office of Zhili Province
Governor Office of Zhili Province, also known as Zhili Governor's Office, located at 301 Yuhua Road, Lianchi District, Baoding City, Hebei Province, covering an area of 30000 square meters, is a well preserved provincial government office of the Qing Dynasty in China.The original building was built in the Yuan Dynasty. In the early Ming Dynasty, it was Baoding Government Office. In the Yongle era of the Ming Dynasty, it was changed into the Department of Daning Metropolitan Affairs, and in the early Qing Dynasty, it was changed into the Department of Participating Generals.In the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730) of the Qing Dynasty, after a large-scale expansion, the Governor's Office was officially established. After eight emperors of Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, Guangxu and Xuantong, it can be said that it is the epitome of the history of the Qing Dynasty.[123]
Governor Office of Zhili Province
Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty
Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing DynastyLocated in Tangshan, Hebei ProvinceZunhua CityIt is 125 kilometers away from the downtown of Beijing in the west. It is said that it was selected by Shunzhi when he went hunting here. It was built in the second year of Kangxi (1663) of the Qing Dynasty.The mausoleum area is 125 kilometers long from north to south and 20 kilometers wide. It is surrounded by mountains on all sides. The two mountains, Yanstew in the south and Tiantai, face each other, forming a valley mouth only 50 meters wide, commonly known asLongmenkou。In the Qing Dynasty, 217 palaces and archways were successively built here, forming 15 mausoleums of different sizes. Centered on the Xiaoling Mausoleum of Shunzhi, the mausoleums are arranged at the southern foot of Changrui Mountain, all of which are composed of palace wallsLongen Hall, side hallFangcheng MinglouandBaodingAnd other building compositions.Among them, the Fangcheng Minglou is the highest building in each cemetery, with a stone tablet inside, on which the posthumous title of the tomb owner is inscribed in Han, Manchu and Mongolian characters;Behind the Minglou is the "Baoding" (big tomb), below which is the coffin“underground palace”。From the stone archway at the southernmost end of the cemetery to the top of the Xiaoling Tomb in the north, from a stone archway about 12 meters wide and 6 kilometers longShintoThe Great Red Gate, the Great Stele Tower (Shengde Shenggong Stele Tower)Shi Xiangsheng、The dragon and Phoenix gate, Seven Kong Bridge, Small Stele Tower (Shinto Stele Tower)Longen Gate, Longen Hall, Fangcheng Minglou and other buildings are in order, with distinct priorities.[39]
There are 14 mausoleums in the Western Tombs of the Qing Dynasty, includingYongzhengOfTailing、JiaqingOfChangling、brilliance of virtueOftombandGuangxu reign periodOfChonglingAnd 3 Houling Tombs.In addition, there are 14 mausoleums, including Huaiwang Mausoleum, Gongzhuling Mausoleum, Ago Mausoleum, and Prince Mausoleum.Its architectural form reflects the feudal rules and regulations. The imperial mausoleum and the rear mausoleum are covered with yellow glazed tiles;The green glazed tiles or grey cloth tiles were used to cover the roof of the imperial concubines, princesses, and princes' gardens.The Western Tombs of the Qing Dynasty cover an area of more than 800 square kilometers.More than 1000 rooms in the cemeteryPalace Architecture And more than 100 ancient buildings and sculptures.
In 1961, the Western Tombs of the Qing Dynasty were listed in the first batchNational key cultural relics protection unitsIn November 2000, the Western Tomb of the Qing Dynasty, together with the Eastern Tomb of the Qing Dynasty, was awarded the 24thWorld Heritage CommitteeColumn isWorld Cultural Heritage。In January 2001, it was rated as the first batch of national4A level scenic spot。On December 25, 2019, according to the Announcement of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism on the Proposed Determination of 22 Tourist Attractions in Beijing, including the Old Summer Palace, as National 5A Tourist Attractions issued on the official website of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Baoding Qingxi Mausoleum Scenic Spot meets the requirements of national 5A tourist attraction standards, and is proposed to be designated as a national 5A tourist attraction.[38]
Qing Xiling
Shanhaiguan
Shanhaiguan, also known as "Yuguan", is located 15 kilometers northeast of Qinhuangdao City, and has the reputation of "the best pass in the world".Shanhaiguan Scenic Area is a famous historical and cultural city and tourist summer resort. There are more than 90 scenic spots and historic sites with development and viewing value in the area, forming six scenic spots, namely "Old Dragon's Head", "Meng Jiangnv Temple", "Corner Mountain", "The First Pass in the World", "Changshou Mountain" and "Yansai Lake".In 2007, Shanhaiguan Scenic Area was included in the first batch of 5A tourist attractions in China.[101]
The old dragon head is located on the coast of the Bohai Sea, 5 kilometers south of Shanhaiguan City, and consists of Ninghai City, the Stone City into the Sea, Chenghai Tower, Nanhaikou Pass, Longwuying, and the Sea God Temple.The Great Wall, like a giant dragon, stretches across the land of China, and its eastern end is inserted into the sea at four kilometers south of Shanhaiguan. It is like a high dragon head, becoming the eastern starting point of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, so it is called the Old Dragon Head.The First Pass in the World is the first pass at the eastern starting point of the Great Wall, the boundary between inside and outside the pass, and an important barrier for Beijing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty.It is close to the mountain and close to the sea. It is easy to defend but difficult to attack.Meng Jiangnv Temple is the product of folk culture derived from the Great Wall culture.It was built before the Song Dynasty and rebuilt by Zhang Dong in the 22nd year of the Wanli era of the Ming Dynasty (1594). It is a key cultural relics protection unit in Hebei Province and the most complete temple for Meng Jiangnu in China.Changshou Mountain is a national forest park and a national geological park. It borders the Great Wall in the east, Liaoning Province in the west, Yansai Lake in the west, Jiaoshan Great Wall in the south, and Yanshan steep mountains in the north. It spans 6.5 kilometers from east to west. The scenic area covers an area of 13.34 square kilometers, and the highest peak, Parrot Peak, is 657.1 meters above sea level.Jiaoshan Mountain, located 3 kilometers north of Shanhaiguan City, is a Yanshan mountain range, with the main peak at 519 meters above sea level. It faces Houjiao Mountain from north to south just like a dragon head wearing a horn, so it is called Jiaoshan Mountain.The top of the mountain is relatively flat, known as "Jiaoshantai". Jiaoshan is the first peak across the Great Wall, and also known as "the first mountain of the Great Wall".[102]
Shanhaiguan is the best in all the land.
Wa Palace
Wa Palace, located in Hebei ProvinceHandan CityShexian CountyThe Zhonghuang Mountain, covering an area of 5 square kilometers, is composed of five parks, namely, the service area, the Sky mending Garden, the Sky mending Lake, Wa Palace and the Sky mending Valley. It is the place where Nuwa "builds people with earth, and builds stone to fill the sky" in myths and legends. It is the largest and earliest ancient architectural complex dedicated to the ancestor of human beings, Nuwa.
The Wa Palace was first built in the Northern Qi Dynasty. It was first built by Emperor Wenxuan Gaoyang of the Northern Qi Dynasty. Three stone chambers were opened and several gods were carved.After the repair and continuation of the past dynasties, the Wa Palace now covers an area of 760000 square meters.Today, most of the buildings are built in the Ming and Qing dynasties, while the ruins of the Northern Qi Dynasty only have grottoes and cliff carvings, a total of 6, which is the earliest and most worded cliff carvings in China.
From the first day of March to the 18th day of March in the lunar calendar every year, it is the day of the local temple fair and Nuwa's sacrifice.It is the first time that people from many places in China and overseas Chinese came to worship the Chinese people. It is the largest historical and cultural heritage of worshiping Nuwa in China, the earliest construction time, and the most influential region. It is known as the "Chinese Ancestor Temple" and one of the sacred places for ancestor worship in China.
In 1996, Wa Palace was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. In 2012, Wa Palace Scenic Area was listed as a national scenic spot. On October 15, 2015, it was rated as a national AAAAA tourist attraction[100]
Wa Palace
Chengde Mountain Resort
Chengde Mountain ResortIt is located in Chengde, Hebei Province.It was once the summer palace of the Qing Dynasty emperor of China.It is 230 kilometers away from Beijing.The palaceRoyal gardenAnd magnificent temples.The Summer Resort is located in the narrow valley on the west bank of the Wulie River in the north of the central area of Chengde. It was first built in the 42nd year of Kangxi (1703) of the Qing Dynasty. It took 89 years to complete after three generations of Qing emperors: Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong.The architectural layout of the villa can generally be divided into two parts: palace area and garden area, which can also be divided into three parts: lake area, plain area and mountain area.There are 72 scenic spots designated by Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong.There are more than 100 buildings, such as palaces, halls, buildings, pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, houses, temples, etc.Its biggest feature is that there are gardens in the mountains and mountains in the gardens.On May 8, 2007,Chengde Mountain Resort and surrounding templesThe scenic spot has been officially approved by the National Tourism Administration as one of the first national 5A tourist attractions.
Chengde Mountain Resort
Other cultural relics and historic sites
Prefecture level city
National key cultural relics protection units in Hebei Province
Shijiazhuang City
Anji Bridge|Yongtong Bridge|Guanghui temple tower|Zhaozhou Turoney Sutra Building|Longxing Temple|Xibaipo Site of the CPC Central Committee|Kaiyuan Temple|Lingxiao Tower|Zhongshan Ancient City SiteZhiping Temple Stone Pagoda, Zhengding Confucian Temple Dacheng Hall, Pilu Temple, Tianbaotuorani Sutra Building, Jingxing Kiln Site, Linji Temple Chengling Pagoda, Secluded Temple Pagoda, Monument of Grand View Holy Works, Monument of the Emperor Qinghe of the Tang Dynasty for His Meritorious Service, Taixi Site, Changshan County Old City, Wanshou Temple Tower, Berlin Temple Tower, Zhengding Confucian Temple, Jingxing Ancient Post Road, Fuqing Temple, Fuxitai Site, Xizhang Village SiteDongyuan Ancient City Site, Ancient Song City Site, Wuji Zhen's Tombs, Praise Emperor Li's Tombs, Kaihua Temple Tower, Lingshou Stone Memorial Archway, Zhengding City Wall, Jingxing Old City Wall, Fenglongshan Grottoes, Yoga Mountain Cliff Sculptures, Zhengfeng Mining Industrial Buildings, Former Site of the People's Bank of China Head Office, Zhengding Liang's Ancestral Temple
Baoding City
Ranzhuang Tunnel War Site|Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Dingxian County|Benevolence stone pillar|Yanxiadu Site|Qing XilingBeiyue Temple, Zhili Governor's Office, Dingyao Site in Jianci Village, Tomb of King Jing of Zhongshan, Geyuan Temple, Kaishan Temple, Ciyun Pavilion, Great Wall, Zijingguan Pass, Moral Sutra of Longxing Temple, Former Site of Government and Military Command of Shanxi Chahar Hebei Border Region, Nanzhuangtou Site, Tomb of King Zhongshan of Han Dynasty, Yaowang Temple, Dingzhou Gongyuan, Wang's Manor Garden of Yaoshan Mountain, Zhuozhou Twin Towers, Ancient Lotus Pond, Flower Tower of Qinghua Temple, BeifuSite | Diaoyutai Site | Nanyang Site | Liu Ling Zui Shaoguo Site | Mural Tomb of Suoyao Village | Tomb of Zhang Rou | Tomb of Prince Yixian | Xingguo Temple Tower of Jiecun Village | Xiude Temple Tower | Jingzhi Temple Tower Base Underground Palace of Jingzhong Temple Tower Base Underground Palace of Jingzhong Temple Tower of Holy Pagoda | Xigang Tower | Xingwen Tower | Yongji Bridge | Taoist Temple Temple of Jade Emperor | Wu Ren Bridge | Golden Gate Gate Gate | Da Ci Pavilion | Former site of Yude Middle School | Baoding ArmyThe former site of the official school, the former site of Brilliance Arts and Crafts School, the former residence of Yan Yangchu, the site of Beifangshui, the site of Yaozhuang, the site of Dongheishan, the tomb of the ancestors of the Song Dynasty, the tomb of the king's office, the pagoda of Yong'an Temple, the pagoda of Wuhou, the twin pagoda temple, the twin pagodas, the pagoda of Huangfu Temple, the relic tower of Jinshan Temple, the mosque of Dingzhou, the lower Huliang Bridge, the bell tower of Baoding, the side bridge, the Confucian temple of Dingzhou, the Huai Army Office, the Qinghe Road Office, the scriptures of Bahui TempleCliff Statues of Reclining Buddhist Temple Former Site of Zhili Court of Justice Guangyuan Laishuoyan Temple Pagoda
Tangshan City
Eastern Tomb of the Qing DynastyHome of Li Dazhao|Xizhai Site|Claw Village Site|Tiangong Temple PagodaShoufeng Temple, Jingjue Temple, the former site of Fengrun Middle School, Panjiayu Massacre Site, Tangshan Earthquake Site, Mengjiaquan Site, Wanjun Mountain Site, Guidi Site, the early industrial relics of Tangshan Mine in Kailuan, and Luanhe Iron Bridge
Zhangjiakou City
Xuanhua Ancient City|Xiabali Tombs|Xujiayao Houjiayao Site|Yuhuang Pavilion in Yuzhou|Nihewan Site Group|Daiwangcheng SiteYuan Zhongdu Site, Dressing House, Yuan Tomb, Zhaohua Temple, Jiming Posthouse, Nan'an Temple Tower, Sakya Temple, Tuchengzi City Site, Jiulian City Site, Xiaohongcheng Site, Xigu Castle, Shien Temple, Nuanquan Huayan Temple, Zhenwu Temple, Changpingcang, Wanquan Right Guard City, Ximalin Yuhuang Pavilion, the former site of Chahar Metropolitan General Administration, Sizi Lingluo Site, Zhuangget Site, Sanguan SiteYang Yun's Family Cemetery | Zhangjiakou Fort | Buddha True Lynx Yiluoni Tower | Shujiu Temple Tower | Hanging Temple Group of Jinhe Temple | Temple of Guandi in Yuxian County | Temple of Tianqi | Ancient City Wall in Yuzhou City | Temple of Old City | Chongguang Tower | Berlin Temple in Xuanhua City | Yuquan Temple in Bubei Fort | City Wall of Ximalin City | Laojun Temple in Shaping Slope | Chongtai Temple in Yuxian County | Former Site of Chahar Democratic Government | Former Site of Command of Shanxi Chaji Military Region | Former Site of Prince CitySite: Xitucheng Site
Qinhuangdao City
The Great Wall Shanhaiguan|Site of Qin Palace in BeidaiheYuanyingsi Pagoda, the Great Wall, the Nine Gates, the Great Buddha Summit, the Tower of the Toroney, the Former Site of the Eight Nation Alliance Camp at Shanhaiguan, the Modern Buildings of Beidaihe, the Site of Banchangyu Kiln Site, the City Wall of Yongping Mansion, the Modern Buildings of Qinhuangdao Port, and the Former Site of Yaohua Glass Factory
Handan City
Xiangtang Mountain Grottoes|The Old City of Zhaohandan|Cishan Site|Yecheng Site| Northern Dynasties Tombs in Cixian County | Cizhou Kiln Site | Wa Palace and Stone Carvings | Former Site of the Eighth Route Army's 129th Division Headquarters | Zhao King's Mausoleum | Shibeikou Site | Talking about Wucheng Site | Daming Palace's Old City | Chengtangmiao Mountain Gate | Hongji Bridge | Yongnian City | Zhifang Yuhuang Pavilion | Five Rites Monument | Former Site of the CPC Central Bureau and Military Region in Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan Province | Nancheng Village Site | Jiangou Site | Guzhen Ancient City Site | Zen FruitTemple ruins | Tombs in Lincun Village | Main Hall of Yuquan Temple | Main Hall of Changle Dragon King Temple | Temple of the Holy Mother of Jiujiang River | Eight Gates in the West of Fuyang River | Main Hall of Tianqing Temple | Yeliang Dream Lvxian Temple | Zhushan Stone Carving | Water Bath Temple Grottoes | Fahua Cave Grottoes | Daming Catholic Church | Former site of Shanxi Hebei Shandong Henan Border Region Government | Northern Zhangzhuang Tombs | Wu'an Buddhist Relic Tower | Shexian Qingquan Temple | Stele of Direnjie Temple Hall | Quli Thousand Buddha Cave GrottoesTomb of Zuoquan General
Xingtai City
Xingyao SitePuli Temple Tower, East Sage Site, Xingguo Cemetery, Longyao Tang Ancestor Mausoleum, Bianque Temple, Xingtai Kaiyuan Temple, Song Jing Monument, the former site of Yihe Quan Meeting Hall, Buyao Village Site, Bairen City Site, Luchenggang City Site, Houdi Pavilion Site, Linqing Ancient City Site, Nanjia Township Stone Tower, Tianning Temple Front Hall, Pingxiang Confucian Temple Dacheng Hall, Putong Tower, Xingtai Moral Scripture Building, Beizhou Old City Site, XingtaiTaiqingfeng Building
Chengde City
Puning Temple, Pule Temple, Putuo Zongcheng Temple, Xumi Temple, Summer Resort, Jinshanling Great Wall, Juxiang Temple, Anyuan Temple, Puren Temple, Huizhou City, Chengde City God Temple, Puyou Temple, Sifang Cave Site, Huazi Cave Site, Dingzi City Site, Fujianggou Site, Longhua Tucheng City Site, Stone Sheep and Stone Tiger Tombs, Half Tower, Fengshan Guandi Temple, Mulan Paddock Imperial MonumentCliff inscriptions
Cangzhou City
Cangzhou iron lionHan Tombs in Xian County, Botou Mosque, Haifeng Town Site, Ji Xiaolan Cemetery, Single Bridge, Juguan Ancient Gongzao Garden, Sangezhuang Site, Yabazhuang Site, Wuyuan City Site, Cangzhou Old City, Dengying Bridge, Machang Battery, Guangming Theater, Fudi City Site
By the end of 2022, Hebei Province has more than 400 scenic spots at all levels, including 3 world cultural heritage sites;5 national historical and cultural cities;4 excellent tourist cities in China;7 national scenic spots;11 national forest parks;5 national nature reserves;Three of the top 40 tourist attractions in China;2 of the top ten scenic spots in China;There are 23 national 4A scenic spots.[129]
baishi mountain
Baishi Mountain Scenic AreaIt is located 15 kilometers south of Laiyuan County, Hebei Province. It is named for the white marble in the mountains, reflecting the majestic, strange and dangerous mountain landscape.The mountain is tall, with "three peaks, six platforms, nine valleys and eighty one peaks". The main ridge is more than 7000 meters long, and the highest peak is 2096 meters above sea level. It is the dragon head of the northwest uplift of the North China Plain.During the Warring States Period, Yanzhao was divided into two mountains, and during the Liao and Song Dynasties, two countries were divided into one mountain.There are many strange peaks in Baishi Mountain, with steep cliffs and steep valleys. It is straight up and down like a knife or an axe, with few curves and many edges and corners.Especially the peak forest landscape belt, with large height difference and density, is the only marble peak forest landscape in China.The forest area of Baishi Mountain is 28000 mu. There are second-class national protected plants, such as the ghost arrow golden pheasant, and a large area of pure red birch forest with high ornamental value. The first class national protected animals, North China leopard, and a large number of goats, badgers, roe deer, golden pheasants, and mountain rabbits, haunt here.The longest and widest hanging glass plank road in China is located in Baishi Mountain Scenic Area, with a total length of about 95 meters, a width of 2 meters, and an altitude of up to 1900 meters.The glass plank road of Baishi Mountain is of concrete frame structure. The 3.2cm thick double-layer laminated glass is ingeniously combined with the stainless steel dragon skeleton, with a bearing capacity of 1000 kg per square meter.On February 25, 2017, the National Tourism Administration announced that Baishi Mountain Scenic Area was newly upgraded to a national 5A tourist attraction.[104]
baishi mountain
Baiyangdian
BaiyangdianIt is the largest lake on the Haihe Plain of China, located in the middle of Hebei Province.Baiyangdian Lake is also called Xidian Lake.Baiyangdian is in front of Taihang MountainYongding RiverAnd Hutuo River alluvial fan.There are 143 large and small lakes, including Baiyang Lake, Shaoche Lake, Yangjiao Lake, Chiyu Lake and Houtang Lake, which are generally called Baiyang Lake.It covers an area of 336 square kilometers.The Baohe River, Tanghe River, Caohe River and Chulong River are received from the north, west and south.The average water storage is 1.32 billion cubic meters.Rich in aquatic resources, there are more than 50 kinds of freshwater fish, and it is famous for its large reed marshes and thousands of acres of lotus lakes, known as the Pearl of North China.During the War of Resistance against Japan, the story of the Yanling Army, a water guerrilla, is very popular.On May 8, 2007,Baiyangdian, Anxin, BaodingThe scenic spot has been officially approved as a national 5A tourist attraction by the National Tourism Administration.[37]
Baiyangdian
Yesanpo
YesanpoLocated in the west of Beijing, northwest of Hebei Province, BaodingLaishui CountyDomestic.It enjoys the reputation of Xanadu for its "magnificent, dangerous, strange and secluded" natural landscape and ancient historical relics. It is a famous tourist resort in northern China and a national AAAAA key scenic spot. Here, the natural scenery is unique, the ecological environment is pure, the ancient historical relics are unique, and the rich national customs are rich and colorful.Yesanpo is a rare mountain, clear water, strange gorge, strange spring, cultural relic, historic site and famous tree in northern ChinaAncient ZenA scenic spot with a total area of 520 square kilometers.There is a magical mountain valley hereBaili Gorge, woodedWhite Grass BankBeautifulJuma RiverMysteriousYugu CaveThe upper gutter with nine waterfalls flowing downMount TaiZhixiongMount HuangshanStrangeHuashan MountainGeneral insuranceMount EmeiZhixiuQingchengThe secluded place has not only the beauty of flowing water, but also the continuity of northern mountains, as well as the characteristic buildings and folk performances of 12 ethnic minorities, including Miao, Zhuang, Dai and Bai.On January 14, 2011, with the approval of the National Tourism Administration, the National Quality Rating Committee of Tourist Attractions issued an announcement that Laishui County, BaodingYesanpo Scenic SpotIt has passed the acceptance of national 5A tourist attractions.[37]
XibaipoThe scenic spot is located in the northwest of Pingshan County, Hebei Province, 90 kilometers away from Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital. It is a national AAAAA scenic spot, a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national excellent social education base, a "hundred national patriotic education bases for primary and secondary schools" named by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, and a national classic red tourism scenic spot.In May of the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Ren Bishi led the central authorities here, and Xibaipo became the location of the CPC Central Committee and the leading center of the Chinese revolution.In March 1949, the CPC Central Committee and Chairman Mao left Xibaipo for Beijing to establish a new country.In 1978, to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the CPC Central Committee and the PLA headquarters moving to Xibaipo, the former site of the CPC Central Committee and Xibaipo Memorial Hall were officially opened to the public.Xibaipo, with its important position in Chinese history, has become one of the national revolutionary memorial sites. Scenic spots available for visit include the former site of the CPC Central Committee in Xibaipo, Xibaipo Memorial Hall, Xibaipo Stone Carving Garden, National Security Education Hall, the bronze statue of the five major secretaries, Xibaipo Monument, Xibaipo Youth Civilization Park, etc., which has formed a complete and multi-level patriotism education system.The total area of the scenic spot is 390000 square meters.Xibaipo is backed by the cypress green Baipo Ridge, and in front of it is the cypress lake with green waves. It was once praised by Qian Qichen, the former Vice Premier of the State Council, as "the holy land of revolution and a beautiful tourist destination".[103]
Xibaipo
Famous and special products
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specialty
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Liu Lingzui
As early as the Jin Dynasty, the story of Liu Ling's drunkenness spread.Liu Ling was one of the "Seven Talents in the Bamboo Forest" in the Jin Dynasty. She came to Xushui, Hebei Province, from a long distance to visit her friend Zhang Hua.Zhang Hua treated him with local fine wine, and Liu Ling appreciated him after drinking.Liu Lingzui has a long history and culture, and uses a complete ancient cauldron site of the Song and Jin Dynasties.The 16 ancient fermentation tanks in the site have been used continuously for nearly 900 years.Liu Ling Drunken Wine is made by the traditional five steamer process, through the mud pit, solid state, low temperature, long-term fermentation, slow fire distillation, quality picking, graded storage, and careful brewing. In 2006, Liu Ling Drunken was identified as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, and was awarded the first batch of "Chinese time-honored brands" by the Ministry of Commerce in the same year.[97-98]
Braised Chicken with Golden PhoenixOriginated in the early 20th century, Majiaojiao Street in Shijiazhuang, the Hui people Ma Hongchang opened a "Hongxuli" shop to sell spiced roast chicken.In 1950, Chu Qinyong and others introduced and absorbed the excellent technology of Dezhou braised chicken, combined with their own traditions, and adopted a unique production method to create Shijiazhuang braised chicken. After careful selection of raw chicken, the chicken was put into the pot through multiple processes such as washing, finishing, and unique modeling, and then colored and fried with bee honey,Then use the aged soup and eighteen rare Chinese herbs to stew for more than ten hours, and the braised chicken has a unique flavor and golden color.Jinfeng braised chicken has won the titles of "Shijiazhuang City's symbolic product", "Hebei Province's high-quality product", "China's famous specialty", "Hebei Province's famous brand product", etc.In 2006, it was recognized as one of the first "time-honored brands in China" by the Ministry of Commerce.[94]
Braised Chicken with Golden Phoenix
Huaimao Pickled Vegetable
Huaimao Pickled VegetableOriginating from the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the Zhao family in Shaoxing settled down in Baoding Mansion and set up shop under the big locust tree at the northeast corner of Erdaokou, West Street.Because the old locust trees shade the street, the Zhao family took advantage of the scenery and named the shop Huaimao, hoping to prosper business and benefit the descendants.According to the Records of the Guangxu Imperial Court, Empress Dowager Cixi returned to Beijing from Xi'an in the 27th year of the Guangxu Reign of the Qing Dynasty (1901) and passed through Baoding. After tasting Huaimao pickles, she was delighted and named "Taiping Cuisine", which means "peace under heaven".Since then, the value of Huaimao pickles has doubled.In 2006, Huaimao brand was recognized as "China Time honored Brand" by the Ministry of Commerce;In 2007, Huaimao pickle production skills were recognized as provincial intangible cultural heritage.[95]
Hengshui Laobaigan LiquorWine has a brewing history of more than 2000 years. According to written records, it flourished in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang Dynasty, and was famous in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, it was listed as a wine for state banquet, and enjoyed the reputation of "thousands of families next door are drunk, and the altar is ten miles away".By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, it had become increasingly famous and spread abroad.In the second year of Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty (1910), it was exported to Singapore. In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), the Panama International Fair won the first prize.In 1952, as a consolation article for the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, I went to Korea with the motherland consolation delegation to visit the Chinese People's Volunteer Army and the Korean People's Army."There are many fine wines in Hengshui's sweet springs, and the historic famous wines are more fragrant today".In 2006, it was recognized as "China Time honored Brand" by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China;In 2008, the brewing technology of Laobaigan was recognized as a national intangible cultural heritage by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China;In 2010, during the Shanghai World Expo, Hengshui Laobaigan was awarded the "Millennium Gold Award" by relevant United Nations organizations, and the 18th Distillery won the "Millennium Excellence Award".[96]
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Jingdong Chestnut
Hebei ProvinceQian'an、Qianxi、XinglongChestnut trees have been planted for more than 500 years. The chestnuts produced here are large and thin, with good texture, and unique flavor of fragrance, sweetness, and glutinous, known as "Yanshan Ganli" or“Jingdong Chestnut”, especially the chestnut produced in the Yanshan Mountains to the east of Beijing, which is bright in color, high in sugar content, sweet and fragrant.Hebei Yanshan Mountain is rich in chestnut. Because of its unique climate and rich mineral soil, it tastes sweet and waxy. Especially after frying, it smells delicious and melts in the mouth.Chestnuts can be eaten raw, fried or boiled;It can be ground into chestnut powder to make various exquisite snacks;It can also be used as cooking materials.[99]
Jingdong Chestnut
friendly companionship
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International cooperation concluded by Hebei ProvinceSister city(province, district, county, state):
Hebei Province was identified by the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Finance as the "pilot area for deepening the reform of rural road management and maintenance system".[77]
December 25, 2020
Hebei Province was awarded the "Advanced Province (City) Award for Voluntary Blood Donation" by the National Health Commission.[78]
