synonymWal-Mart(Wal Mart) generally refers to Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
Wal Mart Department Store Co., LtdU.S.AWorldChain enterprises, withturnoverCalculated as the largest company in the world.In the United States for seven consecutive years《wealth》MagazineWorld Top 500It ranks first among enterprises.Wal Mart has 8500 stores in 15 countries around the world.Wal MartPuerto Ricooperate.Wal Mart mainly includes Wal Mart Shopping MallSam's Club, Wal Mart stores, Wal Mart community stores, etc.
On November 25, 2013, the head of the International Business Department was appointedDong Minglun(Doug McMillon) took over from Mike Duke as President and CEO of Wal MartCEOThe appointment took effect from February 1, 2014.[1]
On December 2, 2014, Wal Mart launchedmanagement layerLayoffs were carried out by restructuring[2]。In December 2014, Wal Mart pointed out that it attached great importance to the allegations of its company's misconduct.[3]
On June 29, 2016, Wal Mart said that it would open the two-day free delivery service to all consumers in the United States.[4]On July 22, 2019, FortuneWorld Top 500Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd. ranked first in the ranking[5]。On September 3, 2019, Wal Mart Supermarket in the United States announced that it would stop the sale of short guns and pistol ammunition after the existing stocks were exhausted, and asked customers not to openly carry guns into the supermarket, except law enforcement personnel.[6]
On August 27, 2020, Wal Mart confirmed thatMicrosoftIn cooperation, the company is jointly bidding with Microsoft for TikTok.Wal Mart told the media thatTikTokbe interested.
On May 14, 2024, it was reported that Wal Mart was cutting hundreds of company positions and required most remote employees to return to the office.[84]
Wal Mart Stores IncLegendary figuresSam Walton In 1962, MrArkansasEstablishment.[9]Wal Mart has become the largest private employer in the United States and the largest chain retail enterprise in the world.Wal Mart has opened more than 10000 stores in 27 countries around the world, with 69 brands, more than 2.2 million employees worldwide, and 200 million customers visit Wal Mart every week.
In 1991, Wal Mart's annual sales exceeded 40 billion US dollars, becoming one of the world's largest retail enterprises.According to the United States in May 1994《wealth》National service published by magazineIndustry classificationIn the ranking list, Wal Mart's sales reached 67.34 billion dollars in 1993, an increase of 11.8 billion over the previous year, exceeding the number one in 1992Sears(Sears), ranking first in the retail industry in the United States.In 1995, Wal Mart's sales continued to grow, and created anworld record, achieving an annual sales of 93.6 billion US dollars, ranking fourth in Fortune magazine's 95 largest enterprises in the United States.In fact, Wal Mart's annual sales amount is equal to alldepartment storeAnd still maintains a strong momentum of development.Wal Mart has 2133 Wal Mart stores, 469 Sam's Club stores and 248 Wal Mart shopping malls in the United States, ChinaMexico、Canada、britain、Puerto Rico、Brazil、Argentina、South Africa、Costa Rica、Guatemala、Honduras、El Salvador、NicaraguaThere are 14 countries in total.It has developed so rapidly in just a few decades, which has to be said to be a miracle of the retail industry.
In 2011, Wal Mart and Wal Mart FoundationCharitable donation fundsThe accumulative total is 319 million dollars, and the accumulative total of materials exceeds 480 million dollars.In 2014, Wal Mart ranked first again in the Fortune Global 500 with a sales volume of 476.294 billion US dollars, beating many oil companies.Wal Mart ranked first for three consecutive years, 2015business incomeIt reached US $482.1 billion, a slight decrease of 0.7% year on year.[8]
Company purpose
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Wal Mart put forward the purpose of "helping customers save every penny", and realized the promise of the cheapest price.The company always insists“The service is superior and the employees are different”And provide customers with new enjoyment of super first-class service.When entering Wal Mart, customers can feel the considerate service at home.Thirdly, Wal Mart promotes“one-stop”New concept of shopping.Customers can buy all the goods they need at the fastest speed in the shortest time. It is this fast and convenient shopping method that attracts modern consumers.
Sam Walton
In addition, although Wal Mart has repeatedly reduced its spending on advertising in order to reduce costs, it is generous in donating money to various public welfare undertakings and is widely recognized by people.Where you pay, you get. Wal Mart's long-term investment in public welfare activities and the unique creativity of the activity itself have greatly improvedBrand awareness, successfully shaping the brand'sOutstanding image。
Development history
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In 1950,Sam Walton The first special price store was opened.
Wal Mart Shopping Mall
2008-present
In 1962, Walton opened the first Wal Mart in Rajers, Arkansas under the name of "Wal Mart"Low price shop。
In 1972, Wal Mart was in New YorkListed stockIts value increased 4900 times in the following 25 years (to 1999).
In 1979, Wal Mart's total sales exceeded $1 billion for the first time.
In 1985, a famous American financial magazine《Forbes》Walton was listed as the richest man in the United States.
In 1987TexasGalen opened the first comprehensive department store.
In March 1988MissouriWashingtonThe first Wal Mart Super Center was established.
In 1993, there were 330 in Britain, France, Germany and other European countriesRetail StoresIts overseas turnover has accounted for 27.6% of the total turnover.
In 1994, the International Business Department was officially established to be responsible for overseas affairs.
In 1997, Wal Mart's annual sales exceeded 100 billion dollars for the first time, reaching 105 billion dollars.
In 1999, the total number of employees reached 1.14 million, becoming the world's largest private employer.
Sam's Club
2019-present
On November 4, 2005, a US $1 billion aid plan was implemented for Seiyu Ltd., a Japanese retail enterprise, to increase its stake in Seiyu to 56.56%.Former Wal Mart Global Senior Vice President andchief operating officer Ed Croze took over as CEO of Xiyou on December 15.
On August 28, 2006, Shenzhen Distribution CenterShekouRelocation toLonggang DistrictPingshan Town, Phase IArea ratioNow the area of the original distribution center has doubled.
On October 22, 2008, Wal Mart's global sustainable developmentsummitHeld in Beijing, the conference invited more than 900 officials and supplier representatives to discussglobal warmingConditionalconserve energy ,reduce emissionsNew environmental protection measures to reduce packaging.
On November 19, 2010, Wal Mart China's brandsSam's Club Launch online shopping services in China.
In April 2012, a new product called“cash payment”New features.Users are allowed to place an online order to purchase goods, and then pay in the nearby Wal Mart retail stores.[10]
In March 2013, it was estimated that Wal Mart's online sales were expected to exceed $9 billion.
In July 2015, Wal Mart acquired Store 1 with a wholly-owned investment and will continue to operate under its current name.[11]
On July 16, 2018,JD.COMJointly announced with Wal Mart that the two sides will accelerate the "three links strategy" of connecting stores, inventory and users.[12]
On August 8, 2018, the Indian antitrust regulatory authority approved Wal Mart's acquisition with US $16 billionFlipkart。[13]
Wal Mart, September 12, 2019（WMT. US) launched the "unlimited distribution" service plan and promoted more than 1600 stores at the end of the year.[14]
On February 18, 2020, Wal Mart (WMT. US)'s revenue in fiscal year 2020 was lower than expected, and it is expected to be in fiscal year 2021Net salesIncrease by about 3%.[15]
On April 8, 2020,Beijing NewsThe reporter learned that Wal Mart China will increase its market in Wuhan and invest 3 billion yuan in Wuhan in the next five years. It plans to open 4 Sam's Club stores, 15 shopping malls and more community stores to increaseWuhan CommunityService typeIndustrial layout。[16]
In December 2021, Wal Mart Stores (WMT. US) temporarily closed nearly 60 stores in the United States in the severely affected areas and disinfected them to reduce the risk of virus transmission.[55]
In March 2022, Wal Mart announced that it would recruit more than 50000 American employees by the end of April, mainly in logistics, e-commerce and other posts.[57]
On April 27, 2022, Wal Mart in the railway station officially closed.[58]
On June 29, 2022 local time, Wal Mart announced that it would acquireAR technologyCompany Memomi.[61]
On February 14, 2023, Wal Mart announced that it would close three of its 11 technology centers in the United States and require affected workers to relocate. After announcing its expansion plan in 2022, the company is shrinking.[66]
On March 23, 2023, a Wal Mart spokesman confirmed to Reuters that the company's five e-commerce order fulfillment centers in the United States will lay off hundreds of people, and the laid-off employees can find jobs in other stores of the company with pay within 90 days.[67]
In April 2023, Wal Mart laid off more than 2000 employees in five e-commerce order fulfillment centers in the United States.[69]
On April 12, 2023, according to foreign media reports, Wal Mart, the largest retailer in the United States, announced that it would close four Chicago stores with poor performance before April 16, including three community markets and a super center.According to statistics, Wal Mart will close 19 retail stores in the United States in 2023.[70]
In May 2023, according to CNN, Wal Mart will close about 20 stores in the United States in 2023 as planned.[71]
In June 2023《Forbes Global 2000》It was released that Wal Mart ranked first in global revenue.[73]
On September 30, 2023, Wal Mart announced that it would streamline its staff structure to ensure its competitiveness.Wal Mart said that although some employees will get new professional titles, their roles, responsibilities, work types and basic salaries will not change.[76]
On November 16, 2023, Wal Mart announced its financial performance in the third quarter of fiscal year 2024: its total revenue was $160.8 billion, up 5.2% year on year;Operating profit was US $6.2 billion, up 130.1% year on year;Adjusted earnings per share were $1.53.[78]
On January 30, 2024 local time, Wal Mart announced a stock split plan of one to three, and the retailer's share price was slightly lowerAt a historical high.[79]
In February 2024, according to foreign media reports, Wal Mart, a retail giant, announced in its latest financial report that it would purchase Vizi, a smart TV manufacturer, at a price of 2.3 billion dollarso。[80]
On February 22, 2024, JB Hunter Transportation Service Company announced that its subsidiary had signed a multi-year multimodal transport service agreement with Wal Mart, including the acquisition of Wal Mart's multimodal transport by JB Hunterassets.[81]
From February 29, 2024, Wal Mart in Xinjiekou, Nanjing will be closed, which is also the first store of Wal Mart in Nanjing.[82]
On May 14, 2024, it was reported that Wal Mart was cutting hundreds of company positions and required most remote employees to return to the office.[84]
On June 5, 2024, Wal Mart announced that it would pay bonuses to its hourly workers in the United States, which is expected to benefit about 700000 front-line employees.John Furner, CEO of Wal Mart in the United States, said that part-time and full-time employees are eligible for a bonus of up to $1000 per year.John Furner also said that hourly workers must have worked in the company for one year before they are eligible for bonuses.[85-86]
In August 2024, it was reported that Wal Mart's revenue in the second quarter was $169.34 billion, up 4.8% year on year, and was estimated to be $168.46 billion.Adjusted earnings per share is 0.67 dollars, and it is estimated to be 0.65 dollars.Wal Mart estimates that the adjusted earnings per share in the third quarter will be 0.51 dollars to 0.52 dollars, and the market estimates that it will be 0.55 dollars;The third quarter revenue is expected to grow 3.25% to 4.25%.[89]After the market closed on August 20 local time in the United States, Wal Mart disclosed in its latest regulatory document submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that it had reduced all its holdings of JD shares, with a total value of about 3.7 billion dollars.[91]On September 16 local time, a regulatory document of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) disclosed that JD had completed the purchase of 874812800 ordinary shares and 1875000 American depositary shares of Dada Group held by Wal Mart subsidiary, with the shareholding ratio increased to 63.2%.[94]
2022《wealth》World Top 500Released, Wal Mart ranked first for the ninth consecutive year[62]
December 9, 2022
Hurun Research Institute released the 2022 Hurun Global 500, and Wal Mart ranked 11th[64]
February 2023
Forbes released the 2023 Top 50 Global Blockchain, ranking 47th[65]
June 2023
With a revenue of 611289 million US dollars, it was listed in the 2023 Fortune 500, ranking first[72]
June 2023
Ranked in the 2023 Forbes Global Enterprise 2000 List released by ForbesRank 23rd[74]
February 18, 2024
The list of 2024 Global Top 500 Brand Values was released, and Wal Mart ranked sixth.[87]
August 5, 2024
FortuneWorld Top 500Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd. ranked first in the ranking[88]
2024
Ranked No.1 in the 2024 Fortune 500 list.[93]
The Way to Success
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Four major beliefs
one
Respect individuals
two
Serving customers
three
Pursue excellence
four
Act in good faith
cheapness
Wal Mart SuperMarket ratioGeneralsupermarketThe area is slightly larger. Each family covers an average area of 45000 square feetCommodity varietyIt is complete, and everything a family needs can be bought here, also known as "family shopping".From clothing, cloth, medicine, toys, various daily necessities, household appliances, jewelry and cosmetics, to auto parts, small yachts, etc.
All largeChain supermarketAll adopt low pricebusiness strategyWal Mart is different in that it tries every way tochannel for stocking of goods, distribution method andMarketing expenses, administrative expenses and other aspects to save money, put forward the slogan of "parity every day, consistent", and strive to achieve the promise of cheaper prices than other firms.Rigorous purchasing attitude, perfect delivery system and advancedinventory management It is the key factor for Wal Mart to achieve the lowest cost and lowest price.
Feedback and efficiency
Wal Mart'scomputer system Second only to the US military systemMicrosoftThere are many servers in the headquarters.The high-speed computers in the headquarters are connected to Wal Mart stores all over the world.Through the shop checkout counterLaser scannerEvery piece of goods sold will be automatically recorded in the computer.When the inventory of a certain item is reduced to a certain amount, the computer will send a signal to automatically order and remind the store to request the headquarters to purchase in time.After the headquarters arranges the supply of goods, they will be sent to the nearest delivery center from the store, and then the computer in the delivery center will arrange the delivery time and route.After the order is placed in the store24 hoursThe goods needed in the warehouse will appear on the shelves.This efficient inventory management enables the company to quickly grasp the sales situation andmarket demandTrend, replenish the insufficient inventory in time.This can reduce inventory risk, reduce the amount of capital backlog, and accelerate the speed of capital operation.
Warehouse operation is adopted, socost of goods soldMore fully reflect the scale benefit.For example:Sam's ClubThe interior decoration is simple. Try to use all the shelf space to store and display goods.The price is not marked on each item, but on the shelfbar code, the cash register will collect the price accurately.Commodities are mostly sold in large packages to reduce the cost of individual packaging.With the continuous improvement of China's productivity, consumersPurchasing powerMany cities already have the conditions to implement this model.Businesses gradually realize that warehousingmanagement model And started some attempts, similar to the parity of GuangkelongWarehouseOne after another.The most critical issue is to learn from the experience of successful foreign enterprises (such as Wal Mart), to achieve the lowest cost more comprehensively and thoroughly, and to achieveEconomies of scale[28]。
In retail, comfortableShopping environmentHigh quality and considerate service is bound to be linked with higher prices;And incommodity priceIn the low price chain supermarkets, customers often can only get the discount on the shopping price, but can not enjoy the high-quality service.kmart (K-Mart) is a famous large discount chain store in the United States. Its stores are vast. In order to save moneyLabor costHowever, there are few shop assistants.Although the store displays a wide range of inexpensive goods, it is not easy for customers to find one or two clerks to ask questions.Here, although the customers have satisfied their desire to buy cheap goods, they do not feel that the clerks pay a little attention to them, so there is a regret that there is a flaw in the beauty in the hearts of customers.
Retail enterprisesTo be established in the eyes of customersbrand imageIt is not enough to rely only on high-quality and inexpensive goods. Customers also hope to enjoy meticulous and cordial services while shopping.With this in mind, Wal Mart attracts a large number of customers with its super first-class services from the perspective of customers.Walk into any Wal Mart store, and the clerk will immediately appear in front of you and greet you with a smile.There is a slogan in the store that reads "We strive to do this, and every product is guaranteed to satisfy you." If customers feel dissatisfied with any product they buy here, they can return it to the store within one month and get the full payment.Walton once said, "We all work for customers. You may think we are working for our boss, but in fact he is the same as you. There is a big boss outside our organization, that is, customers." Wal Mart regards superior service as its supreme responsibility.In many Wal Mart stores, such slogans are hung:
1. Customers are always right.
2. If the customer has any mistake, please refer to Article 1.
This is Wal Martcustomers firstA vivid portrayal of the principle.Some employees said with emotion, "It is the first time that Wal Mart has made us realize that customers are always right." Wal Mart's business secret is to constantly understand customers' needs, put themselves in the customer's shoes, and maximize convenience for customers.
Once, a customer went to the Wal Mart store to look for a special paint, but the store was out of stock, so the manager of the paint department took the customer to the opposite paint store to buy.Both the customer and the owner of the paint shop are grateful.Walton often said to employees, "Let's treat customers with friendliness and enthusiasm, just like entertaining guests at home, so that they can feel that we are always concerned about their needs."
one-stop
Whether customers can buy all the goods they need at one time in the store, and whether they can get timely new productsSales InformationWhether you can enjoy additional services such as door-to-door delivery and free parking, and whether you can shop at any free time... These questions are also important signs of evaluating the quality of a store.
At Wal Mart, consumers can experience the new concept of "One Stop Shopping".stayCommodity structureOn the other hand, it strives to be full of changes and features to meet the various preferences of customers.Its business items are various, including food, toys, new clothes, cosmetics, household appliances, general merchandise, meat, fruits and vegetables, etc.
In addition, Wal Mart has set a number of specialService type：
Free parking: For example, Sam's in ShenzhenBusiness areaOver 12000 square meters, there are nearly 400 free parking spaces, while another Wal Mart shopping mall with a business area of more than 17800 square meters also has about 150 parking spaces.
Wal Mart willCakes and PastriesThe house has moved into the shopping mall, and there is also a "Sam's Lounge". All the delicious food and fresh cakes give customers leisure enjoyment after shopping.
In storeprofessionalFree consultation on computers, camerasvideo recorderThe information about the products and related products will help reduce the risk of blind purchase.
The store has LankeXeroxFile processingBusiness CentreIt can provide customers with a variety of services, including color document production and copying, engineering drawing zooming in and out, and high-speed document printing.
Wal Mart can provide delivery service for every purchase of 2000 yuan or more, within the specified range of 49 yuan (because the delivery cost is not included in the commodity price).
In addition, Shenzhen Sam's Store handles all mobile computer sales business and all models sold by the mobile bureau.The price is 100 yuan cheaper than other agency outlets;It alsoAgency salesCommunication products of Runxun, collecting various modelsTaiwan feeAll kinds of Chinese machines and digital machines are 50 yuan cheaper than other Runxun outlets on the market.
In the choice of store location, Wal Mart also takes convenience for customers to shop as the primary consideration.In the United States, its tentacles extend toSears, remote small towns that Kmart despises.fromMinnesotaTo Mississippi, fromSouthern CaliforniaTo Oklahoma, Wal Mart is everywhere.As long as there is a lack of cheap stores in any township, Wal Mart will open there.
Donate to public welfare
In order to provide more benefits to customers, Wal Mart tries to reduce the advertising expenses as much as possible. For this reason, Wal Mart devotes much effort to the promotion creativity and strives to obtain the best effect with the least investment.All products promoted by Wal Mart can always be sold out.In the way of promotion, Wal Mart attaches great importance to the role of Event Marketing.For example, a "precision shopping float" was set up in Fairbury, NebraskaTraining team”And organized and participated in the local float parade.All the team members wore Wal Mart uniforms and pushed floats to change formation, which made them stand out in the parade.
In order to add some interest to the dull life of the community and create a happy atmosphere, Wal Mart will regularly carry out a series of outdoor auctions, bands andcircus troupeShow to attract customers to shop.Every year on the second Saturday of October, Wal Mart will hold a "eat moon cakes" contest in the parking lot of the Onienta branch store.This event attracted many customers from other states to attend and watch.News media coverage has further enhanced the popularity of the competition and Wal Mart.In addition, Wal MartListing of sharesAt that time, securities analysts and shareholders of Wall Street were invited to go boating on the stream and camp beside the lake.
Although Wal Mart has repeatedly reduced its advertising spending, on the other handNon profit organizationandPublic welfare undertakings(e.g. schools, libraries, economic development groups, hospitals, medicineResearch planAnd environmental protection programs), but they are generous and generous.
Since 1983, Wal Mart has donated US $52 million to the "United Way" charity in the US states.
The branch store in Fragrant Hills, Georgia held a pig race to raise money for charities.
Since 1988, "Children's Miracle" has been set up to assist children's hospitalstv column Wal Mart raised $57 million, the largest of whichsponsor。
Walton also actively funded the publicprivate school, set up special scholarship to assistLatin America's students arrivedArkansasGo to college.He will also create his own brand "Sam America's Selection"turnoverA certain proportion of the money is donated to scholarships for students studying mathematics, science and computer science.
Full coverage
Sears, founded in 1886, is the ancestor of the global bulk mail order and retail industry.Before 1992, it had maintained the top position in the retail industry.Its popularity in the United States is amazing - 8 out of every 10 people in the United States go shopping at Sears at least once a year.Sears's commodity route has always been to consume the middle and lower classesTarget。One of its main selling points, like Wal Mart, is low prices.However, since the 1990s, Sears' retail industry has been in danger. By 1992, it had been overtaken by Wal Mart, which has only a few decades of history. In order to survive and develop the company, Sears had to change its business strategy and shift its attention toInsurance, real estate industry, financial industry and credit card industryDiversified operation。So why was Wal Mart able to defeat Sears, who had been in the dominant position for many years in the retail industry?
In terms of brand management strategy, Wal Mart has chosen a variety of retail forms to target different grades ofTarget consumers。It is precisely because Wal Mart launched an all-around attack to seize the high and low-end markets, so Wal Mart replaced Sears, which was once popular throughout the United States, and became the first brand in the retail industry.
World War IIAfter that, the structure of consumers began to change constantly.The original middle and lower classes have gradually divided into "upper middle" and "lower" classes.Wal Mart resolutely took different measures in response to this changeBusiness formOfBrand strategy。Among them, Sam's Club, which was founded in 1983, and Wal Mart Shopping Mall, which was founded in 1988, are aimed at the "lower" level consumers, so as to achieve the ideal situation of reducing expenses more thoroughly and win over most of Sears' customers.Another form of operation established in 1987 Wal Mart is comprehensivedepartment storeThe decoration is magnificent, the scale is huge, the service is super, and the products sold by Sears are varied and unique. Compared with Sears, most of the products sold by Sears are simple in style, lacking uniqueness. Therefore, the "middle and upper" class customers will certainly no longer love Sears.As Wal Mart challenges Sears from these two aspects,Launch an attackTherefore, Sears was unable to compete with it, and finally gave up the position of the leader of the alliance and moved to an industry other than retail.
membershipIt is a new form of retail.Sam's Club It is a major feature of Wal Mart's business and a magic weapon for Wal Mart to win the market over Sears.
brand effect
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Private brand
Wal Mart has been actively developing and promoting Wal Mart in the Chinese market“Private brand”, launched "better quality and better price" private brand goods, covering foodHousewear & Furnishings, clothing, footwear and other major categories.The manufacturers of private brand goods have been strictly audited andProduct testingEnsure that each product has the excellent quality of leading similar brands;At the same time, private brand goods are directly produced by the manufacturer, which saves the intermediate link and makes the price more competitive than similar goods.
By the end of 2005, Wal Mart had 40 stores in the worldPrivate brand23 of them are global brands, and more than 190000 products have been developed worldwide.Wal Mart's three major brands are "Great Value" (Chinese translation:Huiyi）, mainly covering food and non food;"Maindays", mainly covering household goods;"Simply Basic" mainly covers clothing products.Due to the elimination of many intermediate links, especiallyAdvertising promotionAnd supermarket entrance fees, and reduce them through economies of scaleCost of salesPrivate brand products usually have obvious competitive advantages of low price and high quality.
Brand protection
Wal Mart attaches great importance toBrand protectionWal Mart went global in July 2011Intellectual Property ForumSubmit an application to claim the disputed domain name OurWalmart.comThe domain name with its logo "Walmart" infringes its rights and interests and requests arbitration back to the domain name.It is understood that the OurWalmart.com domain name is accessible and the website is a platform for Wal Mart employees to respond to relevant issues,salary、working hoursSuch problems can be seen on this platform. The website is designed to seek solutions that meet the aspirations of employees. A non-profit organization provides services.
The American Food and Commercial Workers Union owns WalmartWatch.com, and the domain name also has "Walmart". Wal Mart does not own this domain name, and OurWalmart.com is the same.OurWalmart.com is no longer accessible.
Human resources policy
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"Honesty" is a very special word in Wal Mart's culture.Every Wal Mart colleague knows that Wal Mart is not afraid of employees' mistakes, and there will be special people to help you gocorrect the errorHowever, one mistake that cannot be forgiven is dishonesty.Only by being honest can we fully complycountries and regions Oflaws and regulationsTo fully comply with the company's policies, regulations and principles.Because of its honesty, Wal Mart can become the most law-abiding enterprise, and its business can develop smoothly. It has been honored for four consecutive years《wealth》The magazine ranks first among the world's top 500 enterprises, and has been listed as the magazine's "most respected enterprise" for two consecutive years.Similarly, only by being honest can individuals ensure compliance with the company's relevant policies, be responsible for consumer health and safety, and have a bright future in Wal Mart.
To ensure food safety and the health of consumers, the health of employees is fundamental.Wal Mart will organize each new colleague to go to the municipal hospital for physical examination before joining the company, and confirm that there is nothingInfectious diseasesThey can be employed later.Wal Mart also organizes a physical examination for its colleagues every year, and immediately asks them to suspend work for treatment if they are found to have infectious diseases. They can return to their posts only after they are cured.
Do professional things with professional heart.Wal Mart not only requires food department staff to have certain work experience, but also provides professional training for them.There is a relatively new concept in Wal Mart, called Fresh Food College, which is also a college developed by Wal Mart (China) itself.The members of the Fresh Food College are experienced fresh food experts who regularly travel around the country to provide food for the fresh food area of the shopping mallmanagement layerProvide fresh food training and support to employees.The course covers all fresh food training in China, including fresh food hygiene, fresh food standards, suppliers, suppliers' fresh food situation, new product development, etc. The fresh food college will also cover the work related to fresh food in the purchase and operation of shopping malls.In addition, Wal Mart also has someOpen class, mainly to help them understand other skills and knowledge related to their work, so as to betterCustomer service。
Supply chain
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The reason why Wal Mart's business can grow rapidly and become one of the well-known companies is that Wal Mart is saving costs and logisticsDistribution systemAndsupply chain managementGreat achievements have been made in this regard.
Wal Mart Logistics System
Apple IncCEOSteve JobsIt has been said that if there are only three IT enterprises in the world, it must be Microsoft, Intel andDellIf there are only two left, there will be only Dell and Wal Mart.This is obviously just a joke. Although Wal Mart is the leader of the retail industry, it is not an IT enterprise anyway.However, Wal Mart's persistent pursuit of information technology is obvious to all. It is precisely because of this that Wal Mart's low-cost strategy has been successful.
cost reduction
Everyone who knows Wal Mart knows that,Low cost strategysendLogistics costKeeping low is the key skill of low price commodity retailers like Wal Mart.In the process of logistics operationcost reductionIt is Wal Mart's consistent policy to make the saved costs beneficial to consumersBusiness purpose。
In the whole logistics process, the most expensive part of Wal Mart is transportation, so when setting up new stores, Wal Mart tries to use its existingDistribution CentreAs a starting point, stores are generally located around the distribution center to shorten delivery time and reduce delivery costs.Wal Mart's investment in logistics is also concentrated onLogistics distribution centerConstruction.
1. Fast and efficient logistics distribution center
Logistics distribution centers are generally set up in more than 100Retail storeThe central location of the distribution center is located in the main sales market.This enables a distribution center to meet the needs of more than 100 nearby citiesSales outletsNeeds;In addition, the radius of transportation is relatively short and even. Basically, a distribution center is set up with 320 kilometers as a business circle.
The order information of Wal Mart stores is transmitted to the distribution center through the company's high-speed communication network, and the distribution center formally orders from suppliers after integration.The supplier can deliver the goods directly to the ordering store or to the distribution center.Some people describe Wal Mart's distribution center like this: the average area of these giant buildings exceeds 110000 square meters, which is the size of 24 football fields;It contains all kinds of commodities that people can imagine, from toothpaste to television, fromtamponThere are more than 80000 kinds of toys.Wal Mart has more than 62 distribution centers in the United States, serving more than 4000 stores.These centers are based on the trade regionsCareful deploymentGenerally, from any center, a car can reach the store it serves within one day.
In the distribution center, computers are in charge.After the supplier sends the goods to the distribution center, it shall be checked firstProcurement plan、Commodity inspectionAnd other procedures, respectively sent to different locations on the shelf for storage.When everythingcommodity reservesWhen entering, the computer will record their positions and numbers one by one;Once the store puts forward the purchase plan, the computer will find out the storage location of these goods and print out the label with the store code for pasting on the goods.The whole package of goods will be delivered directlyConveyor beltThe scattered goods will also be sent to the uploading belt after being taken out by the staff.Commodities pass in and out on a conveyor belt several kilometers long, and can be identified by laserbar codeSend them to the place where they should be sent. The output of goods on the conveyor belt can reach 200000 boxes a day.For scattered goods, there are someSignal lampIn case of red, yellow and green, employees can determine the store where the goods should be sent according to the signal light, pick up these goods, and put the picked up goods into a box to avoid wasting space.
2. Loading platform
One end of the distribution center is a loading platform, which can load 130 trucks at the same time, and the other end isUnloading platform, 135 trucks can be parked at the same time.The distribution center operates 24 hours a day and receives more than 200 trucks loading and unloading goods on average every day.Wal Mart uses a truck as large as possible to transport goods. There may be 16 meters longer containers thancontainer transportThe truck is longer or higher.You can often see such fleets on the roads of the United States. Wal Mart trucks are all its own, and the drivers are also Wal Mart employeesexpresswayAnd every cubic meter in the car is full, which is very helpful to save costs.
The company has installed more than 6000 transport trucksSatellite positioning systemThe headquarters can clearly see where each vehicle is, what goods are loaded, and where the destination is.Therefore, at any time,Dispatching centerThey can know where these vehicles are and how far away they are from the store. They can also know where a commodity has been transported and how long it will take to transport it to the store.Wal Mart is accurate to the hour.If employees know that the arrival time of the fleet has been delayed due to weather, road repair and other reasons, the stevedores can arrange other work instead of waiting.
The flexible and efficient logistics distribution makes Wal Mart more skillful in the fierce retail competition.Wal Mart can ensure that it takes no more than 48 hours for goods to be transported from the distribution center to any store. On average, Wal Mart stores can replenish goods twice a week, while other stores in the same industry can replenish goods once every two weeks;By maintaining as few inventories as possible, Wal Mart has saved storage space and reducedInventory cost。
In his research on American retail enterprises, Dr. Stone, an economist, found that among the three largest retail enterprises in the United States, the proportion of commodity logistics costs in sales was 1.3% in Wal Mart, 8.75% in Kmart and 5% in Hills.If the annual sales are all calculated according to 25 billion dollars, Wal Mart's logistics cost is 1.8625 billion dollars less than Kmart's and 425 million dollars less than Hill's. The difference is staggering.
Distribution Centre
One end of the distribution center is the loading platform, and the other end is the unloading platform. The two operations are separated.It seems that there is no difference with the way of loading and unloading, butOperational efficiencyThis has improved a lot.The distribution center is a large warehouse, but it is different from the warehouse in concept.
Cross distributionCD (Cross Docking)Operation modeIt is very unique and efficient. It is loaded and shipped directly when goods are purchased, without warehousing, storage andSort operation, reducing costs and accelerating circulation.
800 employees work 24 hours a dayHandlingFor distribution, the wages of Wal Mart's workers are not high, because these workers are basically junior high school students and senior high school students, who have only received special training from Wal Mart.
The goods stay in the distribution center for no more than 48 hours. Wal Mart has tens of thousands of products to sell, including food, clothing, housing, use and transportation.Especially like foodFMCGOf these goodsresidence timeIt directly affects the use.
Each store delivers goods once a day (competitors deliver goods once every five days), at least once a day means that the inventory of stores or retail stores can be reduced.This makes retail space and manpoweradministration costAre greatly reduced.To achieve this goal, we need to constantly improve the organizational structure, so as to establish aoperation pattern It can meet such demands.
In 1990, there were 14 distribution centers in the world, and in 2001, 70 distribution centers were established.Wal Mart asWorld Top 500The company only operates in a few countries and only in the regions where it is expected to develop. Wal Mart is very cautious in its operation. Under such circumstances, it has grown to 70, which indicates that its logistics distribution centerOrganizational structure adjustmentQuite up to standard.
Distribution costAccounting for 2% of the sales, 50% of the competitors (while only 50% of the competitors' goods areCentralized distribution）。Wal Mart's distribution costs account for 2% of its sales, while logistics costs generally account for about 10% of the total sales, and some food industries even account for 20% or 30%.Wal Mart's consistent idea is to sell the best things to consumers at the lowest price, which is where its success lies.In addition, only 50% of the goods of competitors are distributed in a centralized manner, while more than 90% of Wal Mart's goods are distributed in a centralized manner. Only a few of them can be delivered directly from the processing plant to the store, so the cost is much different from that of competitors.
Wal Mart's success, to a large extent, is due to the fact that it combines cutting-edge technology withlogistics system It is cleverly matched.As early as the 1970s, Wal Mart began to use computers for management;In the early 1980s, they spent another 400 million dollars to purchase commercial satellites, realizing global networking;In the 1990s, the world's leading satellite positioning system was adopted（GPS）, control the company's logistics, improve distribution efficiency, and win customers'Satisfactionandloyalty。
All Wal Mart systems are based on a distribution system called UNIX, and use conveyor belts and very largeOpen platform, also using the product code, andAutomatic replenishment And laser identification system, all of which have saved Wal Mart considerable costs.Wal Mart has always advocated the use of the most modern and advanced systems to make reasonable transportation arrangements and achieve ultimate success through computer systems and distribution centers.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
Establish the world's first logistics data processing center:
In the 1970s, Wal Mart established the logisticsmanagement information systems（MIS）, responsible for processing system reports, which speeds up the operation.In the early 1980s, Wal Mart andHughesCooperative launchlogisticsCommunication satellite, LogisticsCommunication satelliteWal Mart has made leaping development;In 1983POS machine, full name is Point Of Sale, which is the starting point of salesdata system 。EDI was established in 1985, namelyelectronic data interchange system, carry out paperless operation, and all information is operated on the computer.In 1986, it establishedQR, known as the quick response mechanism, it can rapidly stimulate demand for the market.
Wal Mart is the first company in the world to realize 24-hour computer in the groupLogistics networkingMonitoring, so that purchase inventory, ordering, distribution andSales integration。For example, customers shop in Wal Mart stores, print invoices through POS machines, and are responsible forProduction planInformation will be displayed on the computers of the procurement planning personnel and suppliers at the same time, and each link will complete its own work in a timely manner through information, thus reducing a lot of unnecessary time waste and speeding up the circulation of logistics.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
applied technology
RF technology/RF(Radio Frequency) can be combined with barcode in daily operation.
portableData terminal equipment/PDF, the traditional way is to call and sendE-mailOr send a report, and you can directly inquire about the goods through the portable data terminal equipment.
In 2004, Wal Mart, the largest retailer in the world, required its top 100 suppliers to sendPalletThe RFID technology is used in packaging and packaging, and it was put into use in a single commodity before January 2006.Experts predict that from 2005 to 2007, Wal Mart suppliers will use 5 billion pieces every yearElectronic tagWal Mart can save 8.35 billion dollars every year.About 5000 have been installed worldwideRFID systemThe actual annual sales volume is about 964 million dollars.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
With these information technologies, Wal Mart has made great progress.
The meaning of logistics not only includes material flow and storage, but also includes the cooperation degree of upstream and downstream enterprises.The success of Wal Mart is largely due to its "seamless point-to-point" logistics system."Seamless" means to make the whole supply chain reach a very smooth connection.Wal Mart refers to the supply chain, which means that the process from the factory to the store shelf should be as smooth as possible, just like a coat that is not sewn.In the supply chain, every supplier is a link in the chain. Wal Mart makes the whole supply chain a very stable, smooth and smooth process.In this way, Wal Mart's transportation, distribution and order and purchase processing are all part of a complete network, which greatly reduces logistics costs.
In connection with upstream customers, Wal Mart has a very good system that allows suppliers to directly access Wal Mart's system, which Wal Mart calls "retail link".Through the retail link, suppliers can know the sales situation at any timerequirementMake predictions to determine the production situation, so that theirProduct costIt can also be reduced to make the whole process a "seamless" process.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
transnational corporations
Announce
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Companies in China
In 2008, Wal Mart achieved sales of 27.8 billion yuan in China, an increase of 30.6% over the previous year. In terms of sales, Wal Mart ranked 11th among China's top 100 chain department stores.Wal Mart entered China in 1996 and opened the first Wal Mart shopping mall and Sam's Club in Shenzhen.Wal Mart operates a variety of businesses and brands in China, including shopping malls, Sam's Club Stores, community stores, etc. As of February 28, 2013, Wal Mart has opened more than 390 stores in more than 150 cities in 21 provinces, autonomous regions, and four municipalities directly under the Central Government, creating nearly 100000 jobs nationwide.[29]
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
Wal Mart's business in China has always adhered to local procurement. Wal Mart China has established cooperative relationships with nearly 20000 suppliers, and more than 95% of the products sold are local products;At the same time, Wal Mart China focuses on talent localization and encouragesTalent diversification, especially the training and development of female employees and management.More than 99.9% of Wal Mart's employees in China are fromChinaThe general manager of the store is 100% from ChinaLocal talentsYes, female employees account for more than 60%, and the management team is about 40% female.In 2009, the company established "Wal Mart Chinese Women"leadershipDevelopment Committee to accelerate the promotion of women'sCareer development。
As in other parts of the world, Wal Mart has always adhered to the company's tradition of focusing on opening every store and serving every customer in China.Always provide customers with high-quality, cheap, full range of goods and friendly services.Wal Mart will introduce advanced retail technology and innovativeRetail concept。While stimulating competition, it helps improve the operation level and service quality of the local retail industry, thus promoting the common prosperity of the local economy.[30]
Wal Mart in China
Wal Mart always regards suppliers as partnerscommon development。August 2006, in ShanghaiBusiness InformationIn the 2006 Supplier Satisfaction Survey Report organized by the Fast Moving Consumer Goods Research Center, Wal Mart won several satisfaction indexes and was rated as a "satisfactory chain enterprise" by suppliers.In addition, Wal Mart purchases directly from China every yearCommodity exportThe amount is about US $9 billion, and the estimated amount of indirect procurement is also more than US $9 billion.[31]
Wal Mart China is committed to becoming a genuine Chinese corporate citizenCorporate Social Responsibility The plan focuses on six aspects: environmental sustainable development, community feedback, women's economic independence, nutrition and health, support and education, and disaster relief.Since its entry into China, Wal Mart has donated about 65 million yuan of funds and goods to various charities and public welfare undertakings nationwide, and Wal Mart employees have invested 200000 hours in social welfare undertakings nationwide.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
Awarded
Wal Mart is committed to becoming an excellentCorporate Citizen。In China, Wal Mart has won many awards, several of which areRepresentativenessThe awards are as follows:
In February 2017, Brand Finance released the 2017 Global 500 Brands List, and Wal Mart ranked 8th.[32]
Enlightenment from success or failure
In 1996, when Wal MartShenzhen Luohu DistrictWhen the first shopping plaza on Honghu Road opened, this giant company once ambitiously hoped toCreated in ChinaThe industry also exclaimed at the sales miracle of 100 billion dollars, and the strongest super competitor came.However, the experience of Wal Mart in the United States and the powerful ChinaConsumer cultureIn the game, realize thisemerging marketOur goal is becoming extremely difficult.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
Especially in the past two yearsmiddle classRising ChinaMarket capacityHowever, this multinational company, which is regarded as a giant by its domestic peers, has not taken the "express train", and the signs of recession are becoming more and more obvious.In the 2004 Top 100 Chinese Chain Enterprises released by the China Chain Store Association, Wal Mart (China) ranked 20th with a sales volume of 7.63 billion yuan, down 3 places compared with 2003CarrefourThe sales reached 16.24 billion yuan.In sharp contrast to its mediocre performance in China, Wal Mart ranked first among the top 500 enterprises in the world in 2004 with an operating revenue of 263.09 billion US dollars in the 2005 annual ranking of the global Fortune 500 published by the US Fortune magazine not long ago;Wal Mart topped the list again with a revenue of 287.989 billion US dollars in 2005.Obviously, Wal Mart's performance in China is seriously inconsistent with its hegemonic position in the global market.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
The first way to success: daily parity, small profits and quick turnover
Wal Mart can become popular in the world, and its first push is undoubtedly the commitment of "daily parity", which is not a slogan or empty talk, but through lowPurchase priceLow cost and low markupOperation mode, we did it consistently.First of all, Wal Mart does not make rebates on procurement and does not need suppliers to provideAdvertising services, there is no need for delivery (Wal Mart will take care of all this by itself), but it must be purchasedminimum price。Secondly, Wal Mart strictly abides by the low cost operation standard that the office expenses only account for 2% of the turnover, and "every penny is cut in half", thus "saving more expenses than competitors".What is most remarkable is Wal Mart's low price of "saving every penny for customers"Management conceptIt makes many ordinary consumers loyal to Wal Mart with extreme sensitivity to price.Wal Mart'sSmall profits but quick turnover, as evidenced by figures: in 1970, its operating revenue was 31 million dollars, and its profit was 1.2 million dollars;In 1980, its operating income was 12.48 billion US dollars;In 1990, its operating revenue was 25.8 billion US dollars and its profit was 1 billion US dollars;In 2003, its operating revenue was US $259 billion and its profit was US $9.05 billion.Industry experts said that compared with all sales, Wal Mart is indeed a low profit business.However, this retail enterprise, which does not operate fast earning cars and oil, nor produce profitable aircraft and artillery, has been invincible in the world for less than half a century.In the Chinese market, daily parity has become the way to success.
Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd
The second way to success: customer first, smiling service
There are two rules about Wal Mart's "customer service" principle: first, customers are always right;Second, if there is any doubt about this, please refer to Article 1."LetCustomer satisfaction”It is an important goal of Wal Mart. "Customer satisfaction is a promising investment to ensure future success and growth".Wal Mart provides customers with“High quality service”And“Unconditional refund”Our commitment is not a beautiful slogan.This kind of integrity and rules without hesitation ensures that every customer has no worries about future. How can it not make people have a preference and loyalty to Wal Mart.
In order to attract customers, Wal Mart has a very famous "three meter smile" principle: it requires employees to "when a customer walks within three meters from you, you should gently look into the customer's eyes and greet him, and ask if you need help." At the same time, there is a quantitative standard for customer smile, that is, when smiling at customers, you should show "eight teeth.",For this reason, they hire employees who are willing to look at customers' eyes and smile.Wal Mart hasCustomer expectationsThe management personnel collect information according to the computer information system andDirect investigationTimely update the combination of goods based on collected customer expectations, organize procurement and improveCommodity displayPlace them to create a comfortable shopping environment.Through this move, Wal Mart has created a very comfortable shopping environment for customers.
The third way to success: treat employees well and treat them fairly
Walton once said: "75% of Wal Mart's business belongs to human resources, and it is the extraordinary employees who shoulder the mission of caring for customers. It is not only correct, but also natural to regard employees as the greatest wealth." Therefore, in Wal Mart's overall planning, it is necessary to establishPartnershipsConsidered the most important part.Wal Mart implements its“profit sharing Plan, Employee Discount Regulations and Scholarship, such asPaid leave，holiday and vacationsSubsidies, medicalLife insuranceEtc.It can be said that Wal Mart respects everyone in the company and gives the best to its employees through equal treatment, rather than relying on media boasting.
Wal Mart people all over the world are respected despite their different backgrounds, colors and beliefs.Even Sam himself does not have a fixed parking space in the parking lot in front of the headquarters office building, which is equal status;Fortune magazine commented that it "won the loyalty and enthusiasm of employees by spending a lot of money on training and improving internal employees, and 60% of the managers were fromHourly laborIt started ".The manager of Wal MartRegular meetingsFor example, it usually invitesenterprise operation Those who use their brains and put forward good suggestions can participate in the discussion, even if they work for an hour. This shows thatEqual opportunity；At the same time, Wal Mart encourages employees to be proactive. Although they do not fully value diplomas and qualifications, no matter who they are, as long as you have the desire to improve yourself, they will get the opportunity to study or further study, which providesEquality in education。
This people-orientedCorporate culture conceptIt has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm and creativity of employeesCost cuttingHe has made suggestions, designed ingenious display of goods, and invented flexible and diverse promotion methods.An employee found the original delivery of Wal Martdoor-to-door serviceIt can be replaced by Wal Mart trucks on the same route, which saves the company more than 1 million dollars every year.
Under the above three strategies, Wal Martthe WestThe popularity is unimpeded, eclipsing other retail malls;However, in China, it seems to have suffered a Waterloo. Several moves have not received the original effect. What is the crux.
The first difficulty of failure: logistics system, difficult to reduce costs
Originally, the highly automated logistics systemSynergyWal Mart has minimized the impact ofCommodity inventoryAnd in transit time, effectively compressingOperating costsIts distribution center only takes two days from receiving the order from the store to purchasing and delivering goods to the manufacturer.Among them, the highways extending in all directions in the United States and Wal Mart's more than 3000 stores and distribution centers with reasonable layout in the United States play a key role in this system. However, Wal Mart (China) is encountering bottlenecks here.For expresswaysDevelopment levelIt is still relatively low. It will reach the current level of 100000 kilometers in the United States by 2020, which makes Wal Mart's distribution chain greatly discounted.In terms of distribution centers, Wal Mart has only two distribution centers in Shenzhen and Tianjin, which makes it impossible to build stores around one distribution center in China.
Wal Mart in ShenzhenShekouFor example, if the supplier only wants to sell in the local Wal Mart store, it will adopt the method of direct delivery from the supplier;If it is to be sold in China, except for fresh food and other food products, the rest should be delivered to the Wal Mart distribution center in Shenzhen;If you want to export, Wal Mart's global procurement office in Shenzhen will operate.Therefore, the distribution center is just a cargoTransfer stationIts functions cannot be compared with the efficient logistics distribution center of Wal Mart in the United States.According to the survey, Wal Mart's southern area is far from reaching the scale that can give full play to its chain advantages, so the function of the distribution center is half idle,market priceAccordingly, it cannot be completely pressed down.
The second difficulty of failure: information system, difficult to show advantages
Wal Mart's leading and efficient information system is highly praised by the industry.With your ownCommercial satelliteWal Mart has conveniently realized the global networking of information systems.Through this network, more than 4000 stores around the world can check the inventory, listing and sales volume of each commodity within one hour.The close connection between internal and external information systems enables Wal Mart to exchange information with suppliers on a daily basisCommodity sales, transportation and ordering information, so as to synchronize the sales, ordering and distribution of the store.
In addition, since the end of 1980, Wal Mart has begun to force suppliers to connect with their information systems, which is also an important factor for Wal Mart's information systems to play a role in the United States.At this stage, China'sbusiness environmentRestrained Wal Mart to play this advantage.Most domestic suppliers have a low level of informatization, and can only conduct simple business with Wal MartData exchange。
Due to policy restrictions, Wal Mart'sSatellite communicationThe system cannot play a role in our country. The effective sharing of its global procurement system and global logistics system is greatly discounted in our market. The various links of the backstage logistics system cannot be closely coordinated as in foreign countries, and cannot play its due efficiency.Cross regional chain distribution is difficult to achieve, which greatly affects the implementation of Wal Mart's low price policy in China.
The third dilemma of failure: localization, often ignored
Wal Mart once dreamed of replicating its consistent business model and cultural philosophy in China, which are used in every store around the world, but it has repeatedly failed.The problem here is that the system can be re established, but the culture cannot be simply copied.becausecorporate cultureThe construction of enterprise culture can not be achieved by writing in the manual, shouting slogans and holding meetings. Enterprise culture is an enterprise in the process of developmentmanagement idea, values andmoralIt permeates the thoughts of every employee in the enterprise.Such as accepting customer firstIdeological educationThe performance of Wal Mart employees may be different, so the problem of corporate culture is the crux behind many phenomena in Wal Mart management.The situation shows that Wal Mart is not acclimatized in the process of localization.
It can be said that if the logistics problem is Wal Mart's hard wound, then the corporate culture of "looking like God but not like God" in China is Wal Mart's internal injury.Is Wal Mart still the first Wal Mart in the world after losing its excellent culture?Hard injuries can be relieved by other means, while internal injuries are fatal hazards.Facts have repeatedly advised Wal Mart not to focus on strategy and expansion, but ignore the construction of corporate culture supporting the operation of this systemCore competenceThe most valuable part of.
Apocalyptic geometry,Localization is the key
Modern management theory generally believes that the core strategy of overseas enterprises is to realize localization. Its essence is the process in which companies fully integrate production, marketing, management, personnel and other aspects of business into the local society, which is conducive to multinational companies reducing overseasDispatched personnelandTransnational operationThe high cost ofcultural fusionReducing the crisis sentiment of local society towards foreign capital is beneficial to the host countryeconomic security 、Increase employmentOpportunities, management changes, and accelerating international integration.This is also inworld economyfurtherglobalizationUnder the environment of liberal development, companies conducting overseas expansion will effectively deploy theirLimited resources, Keepcompetitive edgeNeeds.
At the same time, the localization of multinational companies going overseas must be based on themarket environmentandsocial environmentTo adjust the company's originalSystem constructionAnd constantly promote the harmonious and unified development of the whole company. It is a good example that Wal Mart's information system and logistics distribution system can not play a full role
On June 16, 2010, it was learned that Wal Mart's 35th "agricultural supermarket docking" base was officially settled in JiangxiQuannan CountyNanjing Town。The project covers 1000 mu of local vegetablesPlantationIts "alpine" vegetables will be directly supplied to some Wal Mart stores.
Wal Mart plans to have 1 million farmers participate in and benefit from Wal Mart by the end of 2011Agricultural supermarket docking project1/3 of the vegetables and fruits in Wal Mart will come from designated farms.
Electronic Commerce
Wal Mart, the world's largest retailer, finally took the initiative and appeared in ChinaE-commerce marketIn the chaos of war.On November 19, 2010, Wal Mart Shenzhen Sam MemberOnline storeGo online quietly, although it is stillTest phaseHowever, the entry of Wal Mart, a heavyweight role, has added to the already booming e-commerce market in ChinaCombustion promoter。
As of August 5, 2011, Wal Mart has opened 189 stores in 101 cities of 20 provinces in China, but anotherNot to be ignoredThe fact is that Chinaretail marketExtremely complex, almost everyRegional market, there are local leading enterprises, which create barriers in store location, local supply chain and other fields to resist new entrants.Moreover, China's vast second, third and even fourth and sixth tier markets make it difficult for Wal Mart to achieve full coverage by relying on ground points. One of the functions of e-commerce in the Chinese market is to become Wal Martphysical storeThrough the coverage of the Internet, we can open up the second battlefield and enter into the territory that Wal Mart ground stores cannot occupy.
Wal Mart (China) Investment Co., Ltd. disclosed on May 13, 2011 that Wal Mart Department Store Co., Ltd. announced on the same day that it had invested in Chinese e-commerce enterprisesStore 1The holding company reached an agreement on a small number of shares, and the transaction is expected to be completed within 60 days.
China online shoppingThe scale is growing rapidly, and in the next few years, it will be close to the sales level of the online shopping market in the United States.By investing in Store 1, Wal Mart will continue to set foot in this importantE-commerce marketAnd strive to become the world's leading multi-channel retailer.
Shanghai sets up e-commerce headquarters
Set up Wal Mart e-commerce headquarters in China in Shanghai to take full charge of Wal MartGlobal e-commerceOperation in the Chinese market.This is also Wal Mart's second e-commerce headquarters in the world after the US market.
China E-Commerce Headquarters will be fully responsible for the operation and management of Wal Mart's e-commerce in the Chinese market.For《China Business Daily》In its reply, Wal Mart said that "vigorously developing e-commerce is in line with Wal Mart's strategy of developing e-commerce in China".Wal Mart also revealed that the company is focusing on recruiting local teams in Shanghai.
In 2010, Wal Mart officially launched the online shopping test service of Shenzhen Sam's Store.However, consumers also expressed their opinions: for example, the delivery range is not large, the web page operation is more complex, the delivery amount is high, and cash payment is required if the bank card cannot be used.
Open online shopping service
Wal Mart, a retail giant, launched its online shopping service on November 1, 2013, warming up the upcoming holiday shopping season one month in advance.[33]
Holding
On August 14, 2012, Wal Mart Stores 1 was approved by the Ministry of Commerce[34]
Wal Mart opened 30 stores in China in 2012At a glance
LianshangExclusive debut: The editor of Lianshang website sorted out its stores in China in 2012 according to Wal Mart's official website and media reports.Wal Mart opened new stores in mainland China in 2012thirtyHome, close the storefive, as of December 31, 2012, the total number of storesthree hundred and ninety-four(including 99 Trust Mart stores).Wal Mart Shopping Malltwo hundred and eightyHome, Sam's ClubeightHome, community storetwoHome,Preferential selectionsupermarketfiveHome.[35]
Two vice presidents of Wal Mart China resigned successively[36]
①. It is forbidden for auditors to enter the factory area and dormitory area for review - red light;
②. The factory is not allowed to enter the factory, a factory, a department, dormitory area, etc. for various reasons;
③. The factory is unable to provide any relevant data, such as personnel data, wage recordsAttendance Record Etc;
④. It is prohibited for auditors to conduct employee interviews - red light;
⑤. The factory does not allow interviews with factory staff;
⑥. Factory management insists on participating in employee interviews;
⑦. Inappropriate business license and business license in the process of handling-Yellow light
⑧. The factory fails to provide the correct business license or the business scope is inconsistent;
⑨. The factory is applying for business license;
⑩. Factory employs child labor - red light;
⑪. The factory employs more than two workers under the age of 16.
Enter India
Wal Mart, the global retail giant, andCarrefourIt is expected to enter the retail market of India, the world's second most populous country, because the Indian government expert group is said to have recommended relaxing the restrictions on foreign capital entering the retail industry.
According to an official of the Indian Ministry of Finance, an expert group of the Indian government proposed that if overseas enterprises invest at least $100 million in the local area, the government would allow foreign capital to control 51% of the shares of multi brand retail enterprises.The Indian Cabinet will make a decision on this after consultations.
Disputed issues
Announce
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Expired Salted Duck
Event Introduction
Wal Mart, a global supermarket giant, expired due to the use of one of its storesDried Salted DuckThe event of being severely punished for processing and selling mature food sounded the alarm bell of food safety again.
According to the investigation, Chongqing Jiulong Plaza Wal Mart bought the products in four times from January 13 to January 27, 2011Chengdu3499 kg salted duck produced by Quanshun Condiment Factory.The ex factory date of this product isdate of manufacture，quality guarantee periodOnly 10 days.In other words, these salted ducks expired on February 5, 2011.According to the computer sales of the supermarketdata displayFrom February 5, 2011 to February 28, 2011, a total of 208 kilograms of expired salted duck were sold to consumers.
According to the investigation of the industry and commerce department, Wal Mart uses expired salted duck to process“Camphor teaThere is solid evidence for the sale of salted duck.
Relevant punishment
The industrial and commercial department has issued punishmentDecision, will be confiscatedIllegal income32542 yuan, based on《Food Safety Law 》Article 84: A fine of 341668 yuan (the upper limit of the penalty) will be imposed according to the ten times of the selling price of sold salted duck and the purchase price of expired salted duck in stock. The total amount of the fine is 341668 yuan.
The punishment decision has been sent to Wal Mart, and Wal Mart shall pay a fine to the industry and commerce department within 15 days after receiving the punishment decision.
Be punished
CCTVReported on October 26, 2011, Hunan ProvinceChangshaWal Mart andCarrefourThe store was found by the industry and commerce department that there were two different production dates on the outer package of the goods.The local industry and commerce department will issue a fine of 10000 yuan to two foreign-funded supermarketsinfringement notice。[37]
Problem not solved
On November 1, 2011, citizens reported thatKunmingA kind of "salted duck" food sold on the food shelf of Wal Mart Supermarket in Qianxing Road has expired for 8 days.The shelf-life of salted duck is from September 24, 2011 to October 24, 2011. It has expired for 8 days, but it is still sold on the shelf at a price of 26 yuan/bag.[38]
Green pork
Event Introduction
Wal Mart has 13 stores in Chongqing, including 10 Wal Mart stores and 3 purchased storesCostco Branch.Through investigation, Wal Mart's 10 stores and 2 Trust Mart stores in Chongqing are ordinaryporkImpersonationGreen porkIt sold 63547kg, which lasted for 20 months, and earned more than 730000 yuan in illegal profits, which seriously deceived consumers.At the same time, Wal Mart Chongqing Jiulong Plaza Branch also failed to mark the legal terms of the bulk food sold,Food labelsContaining false contentillegal activities。
Relevant punishment
Huang Bo, Director of Chongqing Administration for Industry and Commerce, held theFood Safetyworkpress conferenceIt was reported that, for Wal Mart's illegal acts in Chongqing, such as passing off ordinary pork as green pork, and cheating consumers with false commodity descriptions, the Chongqing Industry and Commerce Department legally punished the stores involvedConfiscation of illegal incomeAnd a fine of 2.69 million yuan five times the illegal gains, which will be implemented 15 days from nowClosure for rectification。[39]
Problems with cooked food products
On November 16, 2011, Guangdong Administration for Industry and CommerceZhongshanCityFoshanThe city supermarket conducted a spot check on the cooked food on sale, and the result showed that the overall qualified rate of the cooked food was 62.7%, and Wal Mart's cooked food on sale was found unqualified.Unqualified items include:Total number of colonies、Coliform group、Saccharin sodium、boric acid、pathogenic bacteria（Salmonella）。[40]
Diseased pork chops
Sick pork chops sold by Wal Mart in Sichuan are exposed: Wal Mart's diseased pork chops reflect management loopholes.
At the beginning of June 2012, Wal Mart broke the news of selling diseased pork chops.Wal Mart suffers from operating diseasesPork ribsBe notified.It is understood that the store will charge various fees in order toGross profitHigher, some suppliers will inevitably do various "small moves".Wal Mart's diseased pork chops reflect management loopholes.[41]
Price fraud
Wal MartShantouA store ofPreferential promotionsActivities, including Blue Moon Toilet Treasure (8 sets)priceIt was 29.80 yuan, but some consumers found that the actual sales price of the product before the preferential activity was 26.80 yuan, and the preferential promotion price was higher than the price without preferential treatment.Accordingly, the consumer will report the incident to the localPrice Bureaucomplaint.After investigation, Shantou Price Bureau determined that there was a Wal Mart in ShantouPrice fraudBehavior, 100000 yuanadministrative sanction。
On April 15, 2014, 1 personOregonThe woman filed a lawsuit against Wal Mart, the world's largest retailer, alleging that she used the Wal Mart brandShampooAfter that, the hair with the length up to the waist was severely knotted, and finally could only be cut short, so the claim was 10000 dollars (about 62000 yuanRMB）。[43]
Prosecute Vesa
On March 28, 2014, Wal Mart filed a lawsuit against Visa, claiming US $5 billion, claiming that it had engaged inPrice manipulationAnd other activities that violate anti-monopoly laws and regulations.[44]
Shenzhen exposure
On August 7, 2014, four senior Wal Mart employees in Honghu, Shenzhen, exposed their secret food processing to the program group.According to senior staff, the oil is changed at least half a month, more than a month, and sometimes not even changed.When copying the kitchen oil use record, employees fill in "replaced" by themselves.There are problems not only with oil, but also with raw materials used to make cooked food.It was also confirmed that the use of expired food materials and insect rice did exist.These cold and fresh poultry will be purchased once a week. According to the provisions of raw materials, the shelf life is only 7 days when they are kept at - 5 ℃ to 0 ℃, and these raw materials for cooked food come from these cold and fresh poultry that exceed 7 days.[45]
On September 15, 2014, Wal Mart made a decision to dismiss four informants.The reason why Wal Mart dismissed the informer was that his behavior "seriously violatedCompany rules and regulationsAnd cause significant damage to the company ".[46]
The disturbance of false accounts
It is reported that Wal Mart uses employees to conduct sales operations, and price adjustment takes up a lot of employees' time.Employees will spend several hours at the end of each month to raise the label prices of thousands of products, and lower the prices at the beginning of the next month.
As for Wal Mart's price adjustment, a person who once worked at Wal Mart for 13 yearsindustry insidersHe told reporters that this is no longer the secret of Wal Mart's sales, and such price adjustment is common in domestic supermarkets.[2]
Recall events
On April 13, 2018, it was learned from the State Administration of Market Supervision that a few days ago,Wal Mart (China) Investment Co., LtdA recall plan was submitted to recall some imported Member's Mark brand children's toothbrushes.[47]
2021Centers for Disease Control and PreventionIt was announced on the 22nd local time that "rare and dangerous" bacteria were found in an aromatic spray sold by about 55 Wal Mart supermarkets in the United States, which has killed two people.Wal Mart is recalling 3900 bottles of this type of spray that have been sold.[52]
In August 2024, Wal Mart recalled nearly 10000 cases of apple juice sold in stores in the United States, which was found to contain inorganic arsenic that might be harmful to health.The recall involved 9535 cases of "Great Value" apple juice sold in 25 states, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia.[92]
Branch closure
On November 23, 2021, Wal Mart issued a statement: because the owner is about to upgrade the property, Wal Mart stores located in Hujing Garden, Honghu Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen will start on December 7, 2021business suspended。[53]
Dumping of hazardous waste
December 20, 2021, United StatesCaliforniaThe Ministry of Justice announced that the state has filed a lawsuit against Wal Mart, accusing it of violating relevant laws and regulationsLandfillIllegal dumping of more than one million pieces and more than 70 tonsHarmful Waste。[54]
On November 15, 2022 local time, Wal Mart, an American retail giant, said that it had agreed in principle to pay $3.1 billion (about 21.8 billion yuan) in settlement money to end the influence of many states and local governments on Wal MartOpioidsA flood of lawsuits.[63]
Quasi judicial procedure
In October 2023, Wal Mart Mexico said that it would face the review of an antitrust panel because of its "suspected acts of relative monopoly" in the supply and wholesale distribution of consumer goods.Mexico's antitrust regulator Cofece has informed the company that it will start a "quasi judicial procedure" after a three-year investigation.[77]
On April 30, 2024 local time, Wal Mart, an American retailer, said that it would close all 51 clinics in the United States and stop online health care services.[83]
cooperative partner
Announce
edit
On August 27, 2020, Wal Mart confirmed that the US retail giant Wal Mart is cooperating withMicrosoftCooperation, the company is bidding with MicrosoftTikTok。Wal Mart said to the media that it is interested in acquiring TikTok.[48]
