Hanover

The capital of Lower Saxony, Germany

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synonym Hanover (the capital of Lower Saxony in Germany) generally refers to Hanover

Hannover, Germany Lower Saxony The capital of. be located North German Plain The intersection with the Sino German mountains is located in the north, south and east of Germany Railroad Lines It is also close to the Sino German Canal^[1] Central Transport hub 。 Hanover is a city with highly developed industrial manufacturing industry and is the industrial center of Germany's automobile, machinery, electronics and other industries. in addition the service sector; the tertiary industry It has accounted for 2/3 of the employment, except for business, finance Insurance Besides, Hanover is most famous for Exhibition industry And tourism, the largest tourism enterprise in Europe Tui Our headquarters is located here. The world's largest information technology exhibition will be held every year CeBIT 。

December 26, 2019, ranked 2019 Global Top 500 Cities No. 176 on the list.^[2]

Chinese name: Hanover
Foreign name: Hannover
Administrative Region Category: The capital of Lower Saxony, Germany
Region: Germany
geographical position: The intersection of the North German Plain and the Central German Mountains
Area: 203 km²

Area under jurisdiction: Lower Saxony
climatic conditions: Temperate marine climate
population size: 510000
Famous scenic spot: Hernhausen Royal Garden 、 Hanover Zoo
train station: Hanover Railway Terminal
Dialect: Hanover dialect of German
Time zone: Time zone UTC/GMT+1.00 hours

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geographical position

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Hanover

Hanover（ Hannover ）At Leine (Leine), Germany Lower Saxony The capital of. Hannover is located in North German Plain The intersection with the Sino German mountains is located in the north, south and east of Germany Railroad Lines It is also close to the Sino German Canal. It is a transportation hub with convergence of land and water. Hanover is a city with highly developed industrial manufacturing industry and is the industrial center of Germany's automobile, machinery, electronics and other industries. In addition, the tertiary industry has accounted for 2/3 of the employment. In addition to business, finance and insurance, Hanover is most famous for Exhibition industry And tourism. TUI, the largest travel agency in Europe, is headquartered here.

The world's largest information technology exhibition will be held every year CeBIT In 2000, it was also held here world 's fair In addition, the annual Hanover Sagittarius Festival is also the capital of the largest similar festival in the world, Niedersachsen, Germany, and an important economic and cultural center in North Germany. Located in northern Germany, it was founded in 1241. Area 203 square kilometers With a population of 510000. be located North German Plain At the intersection with the Sino German mountains, Laine River with Central Canal confluence. Is in Paris Moscow 、 Northern Europe reach Italy At the crossroads of, and close to the Sino German Canal, is a land and water convergence of the transportation hub.

Hanover

urban development

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emblem of a city

Kingdom of Hanover Once with the British House of Hanover Having a common monarch. Prussia The period when Germany was unified was a province of Germany. World War II Suffered serious damage. In the early post-war period, all businesses withered and everything started from scratch. To revitalize occupation zone In 1947, the German military government ordered Industrial Exposition , engineering in a company called Lianhe Light Alloy factory We will start construction on the site of our factory, make it simple and open exhibitions. It is gratifying that within a few days after the launch, hundreds of thousands of people came to visit. They were delighted to see the German products they had missed for a long time. Thousands of companies got orders and got out of trouble. After the exhibition, all aspects responded well, so the position of the Expo was established, and it was continued every year, thus becoming the largest industrial expo in the world. Now every April, more than 6000 manufacturers from 40 to 50 countries actively participate in the exhibition. New machines, new equipment and new technologies emerge one after another, attracting millions of visitors. The big ones are as follows Hoisting machinery , small ones such as Hand tools , representing the world's industrial production Latest technical level 。

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Hanover (5 sheets)

Hannover is a city with highly developed industry, which is adopted by many countries in the world in the automobile, machinery and accessory television industry. Industrial machinery (locomotive, automobile, tractor Electrical equipment And precision machinery), chemical industry and other manufacturing industries, with the largest tire factory in China; And steel rubber 、 potash fertilizer 、 dyestuff , textile and other departments. The manufacturing industry is particularly prominent, and the world famous Latex paint Manufacturer: ZERO. Here the electron Industrial technology Advanced, engineers of Dejin Fenggen Company have developed PAL TV system, which is adopted by many countries in the world. There are medieval monuments and Forest Park 。 because the service sector; the tertiary industry A new force has sprung up, accounting for 2/3 of the employment, except for business, finance Insurance In addition, the exhibition industry and tourism industry are also booming. TUI, the largest tourism agency in Europe, is headquartered here.

the World Expo

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Hanover

The International Industrial Exposition has been held here every year since 1947 (English expression: International Directindustry , International Industry Exhibit, World Industrial Fair) International Exposition , making Hanover famous all over the world.

Compared with previous sessions the World Expo In contrast, the Hanover World Expo 2000 is a new World Expo in both content and form. With the theme of "human, nature, science and technology", it shows how human beings will coexist with nature in harmony with the power of technology, and for the first time uses nearly 800 global projects scattered around the world as a supplement to the theme content.

1992 the United Nations The Conference on Environment and Development marks a milestone in human understanding of the relationship between environment and development. At the General Assembly, the principle of "sustainable development" was adopted international society The slogan of "sustainable development" has been heard all over the world since then. Hannover Expo is sustainable Development principles For the first time, nearly 100000 square meters of Theme Park In the theme park, various real or virtual display cases are interspersed to express the theme sensibly and look forward to the future of mankind. As a result, the Hanover World Expo has shaped globalization and information age The image of the World Expo.

A grand festival

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Sagittarius Day

Marksmen’s Festival

Time: June 30 July 9

Come to Hanover to participate in the world's largest 'Sagittarius Day'! The male and female gunmen will celebrate this festival with more than two million tourists: a 10 day celebration in a large playground to make the city's summer full of vitality.

from circus Show, shooting competition ferris wheel You will find that this experience is unforgettable, but the performer with rough voice shows his new skills and nostalgic colors merry-go-round , retail stalls and pavilions, thrilling games, and of course more. The climax of this festival is the traditional "King of Shooters" oath ceremony held in the city hall on June 30 and the colorful marksman parade held on July 2. At that time, about 12000 people will march from the city hall to the playground. Brass band, carriage, parade floats, and of course the sharpshooters themselves - in a word, here is the largest festival parade in Europe!

carnival

Maschseefest

Time: July 26 August 13

Mashi Lake Summer Carnival is the largest outdoor carnival in northern Germany. Since 1986, there have been many walking paths, streets and plantations Palm This grand celebration on the north bank of Hanover Lake on the tree lined boulevard will bring you an unforgettable happy atmosphere. One of the Stilt The parade will kick off the carnival. In the next three weeks, the lakeside will be full of men, women and children just to taste the happy moment and the fresh feeling of summer. On the grassland behind the northwest bank, there are special places for children Amusement facilities Let them play there to their heart's content. All the stages around Mashi Lake will play music of various styles. Tourists can enjoy all kinds of beauty at their own pleasure during the festival. The opening night of the carnival and the fireworks show on the last Saturday are also wonders worth seeing.

fireworks show

Time: May 13, May 27, June 17, September 9, September 23

The Royal Highhouse Garden will again host the International Fireworks Competition, which will be contested by the most creative fireworks manufacturers in the world Baroque architecture Against the background of, accompanied by popular and classical music, these fireworks makers will time control Precise detonations, launches and stunning brilliant performances show their skills to the fullest.

Carnival Week

Time: June September

In the royal family Baroque garden - Hain House Garden The 'Carnival Week' held in will make you have a chance to Enjoy entertainment.

Urban history

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"Super Paper House", Japan Pavilion, Hanover World Expo 2000, Germany

In the Middle Ages, the town was founded on the bank of the Die Leine River; Its original name is Honore, which can be translated as "high river bank". At the beginning, this was a small village where fishermen and ferryboats lived; In the 13th century, it gradually developed into a relatively large town. In the 14th century, Hanover Church was established; At the same time, a city wall with three gates was built to protect the city.

In 1636, the Duke of Calenberg decided to move his house to Hanover; His principality was later called the "Principality of Hanover". Many of his descendants appeared King of England The first one is George I , he ascended the throne in 1714; There are three English kings who are also Hanover's elector 。

Seven Year War During this period, the Battle of Hastenbeck broke out on July 26, 1757; The French army defeated the local garrison and occupied Hanover.

On July 5, 1803, after Napoleon imposed the Artlenburg Agreement (the Elbe Agreement), about 30000 French troops occupied Hanover; At the same time, the agreement also disbanded the Hanover army. George III Do not recognize the Elbe Agreement and make efforts to recruit foreign troops; This led to a large number of Hanover soldiers eventually emigrating to Britain, which formed the Battle of Waterloo An important role in the King's German Legion. In 1814 congress of vienna George III promoted the whole constituency to the "Hanover Kingdom"; Its capital, Hanover, has also expanded to the other side of the Lena River, and has grown significantly.

In 1837, the British and Hanover personal union Abort because william iv In Britain, the heirs are women, while Hanover can only be inherited by men. Later, the Hanover Kingdom lasted until 1866, when it was Prussia Annexation. After its annexation, the people of Hanover had always opposed the Prussian regime. However, Hanover continues to grow; until the Second World War Two thirds of the whole city was bombed into ruins. After the war, Hanover was famous for hosting business fairs. In 1947, the German military government ordered to hold industrial fairs（ Hanover Industrial Expo ）We started construction at the site of a factory called Lianhe Light Alloy Factory. We tried to make things simple and opened an exhibition. Unexpectedly, the exhibition was a great success. Hundreds of thousands of people came to visit. The exhibition then developed into the world's largest industrial exposition. Every April, no less than 6000 manufacturers from all over the world participate in the exhibition. Become the latest in the world machinery equipment And new technology Wind vane 。 In addition to the annual industrial exposition, CeBIT (Office Technology, Information and Communication Exhibition), Aviation Expo, International Architecture Expo, etc. have been divided from the industrial exposition since 1986, which has raised the expo cause to a new height. In 2000, Hanover undertook world 's fair 。

urban economy

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Staatsoper

Hanover's local enterprises cover various fields. stay automotive industry Hanover owns Continental tires , Volkswagen Commercial Vehicle Volta battery and Webco Vehicle control system, etc; In the insurance and financial industry, Hanover Insurance Group , Hanover Reinsurance, Hanover Unified Insurance and AWD Financial consulting companies will be headquartered here. In addition, Hanover is also the headquarters of TUI, the largest travel company in Europe, and Parson Biscuit Factory, which was founded in 1889.

Hanover is an important exhibition and conference city. The German exhibition company headquartered in Hanover, with a history of 50 years, is the world's leading exhibition company, with an average annual revenue of about 250 million euros. In addition to the annual world's largest information technology exhibition CeBIT as well as Hanover Industrial Expo outside, Messe Hannover Various other well-known exhibitions are also held here. At the same time, Hanover Convention Center holds many meetings every year.

Urban education

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state opera Staatsoper

Hanover has 40 different theaters, 24 museums with different themes (history, music, art, etc.) and a world-famous national opera house.

In addition, sports is also one of the characteristics of Hanover. Hanover 96 is a famous local football club. It was founded in 1896, so it is named Hanover 96 。 Major colleges and universities in Hanover:

Uni Hannover

Hannover Willie Buniz University Uni Hannover ——Founded in 1831, it is a comprehensive university covering arts, science and engineering, with more than 60 majors and 23000 students, including more than 4000 foreign students. Hanover Medical University, one of the best medical schools in Germany, was founded in 1965 with 3200 students.

TiHo Hannover ——Founded in 1778, it is the oldest school in Hanover and a well-known Veterinary school 。

Hannover Hochschule ——Founded in 1897, it has 20 majors related to music and drama performance, with about 1200 students. Many graduates of the school have won various awards. Chinese young pianist Li Yundi Also study here.

GISMA Business School is a private business school just built in 1999, providing MBA and EMBA Although the master's program has not been established for a long time, it has a strong faculty and（ Purdue University ）Her close cooperation has pushed her into Europe Top Business schools.

Hanover University of Applied Sciences ——Established in 1971, it has 500 professors and 6000 students.

Urban tourism

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scenic spot

Hainhausen Garden

The 36 most important scenic spots in downtown Hanover are connected by a "red line", which is a red ring line painted on the ground, with a total length of 4.2 kilometers.

Hainhausen Garden

Herrenhausen Garden: It was built in 1666 and completed in 1714. The garden is divided into four parts, which are rare and well preserved in Germany Baroque gardens. France and Netherlands Sculpture designed by artists. In the north are palaces and galleries, and in the center are 82 meters high Big fountain 。

Neues Rathaus (Neues Rathaus): Built in 1901-1913, 6026 trees were used Beech 。

Berggarten: Continental Europe The largest orchid botanical garden also has cactus and Tropical plant Of Flower house 。

Marktkirche: Gothic church with red brick structure in North Germany.

old city hall (Altes Rathaus)： Neoclassicism Has been changed into opera house , listed among the world's first-class opera houses, and included in the Guide to London Opera House.

Leineschloss: Lower Saxony The seat of the state legislature.

Leibniz House: originally built in 1652, The Renaissance Styled appearance, rebuilt in 1983. During 1676-1716, he invented Calculus Leibniz, a mathematician of.

Maschsee: The lakeside is covered with green grass and flowers, which is a beautiful rural scenery. 78 hectares of leisure space, you can also use modern solar energy technology and super era decoration Solar boat The top cruise ship can carry 60 people. There are many stalls and tents of all sizes at the Maschsee Lake Festival, where you can eat, drink and have fun. Visitors can also taste the famous German Beer and sausage Etc.

Historians Museum: It collects ancient furniture, clothes, carriages, etc.

Landes museum ）: Yes Lower Saxony There are four exhibition halls in the state museum of the State Museum, respectively displaying paintings, bronze statues, natural, ethnic and historical materials.

Kestner Museum: Art collections are mainly from Auguste Kestner, a cultural relics collector. Born in Kostner Upper class society The mother is written by Goethe as the prototype《 Young Victor's troubles 》's girl Lotty 。

Wilhelm Busch Museum: William Busch (1832-1908) was a painter and poet, good at cartoons and equipped with poems.

entertainment

Those who are looking for high-end and distinctive live entertainment must come to GOP Variete in Hanover, which is among the best in this field. The program is updated weekly, and 100000 people come to watch the performance every year. elegant Small theater In the past 50 years, it has staged international high-level small-scale synthesis every month program of entertainment 。 Watching programs in GOP means a lot of enjoyment, because at the same time, 257 audiences can taste the food delivered from the kitchen or basement in the submarine or showroom.

If anyone likes to be lively, Alcazar is a good choice. From male and female performers to men striptease have everything that one expects to find. Wonderful environment, wonderful programs, and dancing in pairs according to the old customs will definitely satisfy the eyes.

Das Expo Cafe, together with specialties and various activities around the world, has become a pursuit. In summer, the celebrities and dignitaries in the city often meet here on Saturday morning.

shopping

Innenstadt, downtown Hanover Fashion Center Of department store , High grade Boutique Are close at hand. from Haute couture Company to Department Store Fashion Department; From the most exquisite porcelain to flea market To find Teapot; From diamond jewelry to fashionable jewelry, there are all kinds of jewelry. The empress in Hanover shopping street is Galerie Luise (Louise counter). Shopping in the modern fashion street is undoubtedly an unusual enjoyment; It is also fun to go for a stroll after the shop closes. one hundred and fifty-five Meter long The top of the shopping mall is covered with glass roof, and the bottom can not only shop, but also taste delicious food.

delicious food

In autumn, Gruenkohl mit Bregenwurst und Kassler bacon ）It's part of Hanover special dishes 。 Green vegetables with onions, pepper, salt lard Put it in a pot and boil it. Fry the bacon and put it in green Vegetable pot Put the sausage in another pot and scald it Water list Boil. Finally add green vegetables mustard , go to the table with other things.

When the world's largest Sagittarius Day is celebrated, the Luettje Lage, which is several meters long, will be selected immediately. Between the middle finger and the index finger is a wine cup containing wheat liquor; On the index finger and thumb A black beer bottle is sandwiched in the middle flower receptacle , drink two cups at the same time.

festival

Marksman's Festival (June 30 July 9): Hanover participates in the world's largest 'Sagittarius Day'! The male and female gunmen will celebrate this festival with more than two million tourists Playground Carry out 10 days of joyful celebrations to make the city's summer full of vitality.

From the circus, Shooting competition reach ferris wheel 。 This experience is unforgettable but -- the performer with a rough voice shows his new skills and nostalgic colors

Hanover trojans, retail stalls and pavilions, thrilling games, and more. The climax of this festival is the traditional "King of Shooters" swearing in ceremony held in the city hall on Friday (June 30) and the colorful marksman parade held on Sunday (July 2).

Mashi Lake Summer carnival Maschseefest (July 26 August 13) A stilt parade will be held on the north bank at 6:00 p.m. on July 26 to kick off the carnival. For three weeks, tourists can enjoy all kinds of delicious food at will.

The summer carnival of Mashi Lake is also full of romantic atmosphere, which can be felt when you take a boat trip at night or walk hand in hand on the brightly lit promenade on the shore. The opening night of the carnival and the fireworks show on the last Saturday are also wonders worth seeing.

International fireworks Exhibition competition (May 13, May 27, June 17, September 9 and 23).

Every night in the garden, the audience will enjoy performances and music of different styles at the beginning, followed by children's plays, dramas, band performances and ensemble performances. The highlight of this series of activities is the 'Horse Fireworks Show', at which time the audience can enjoy the horse riders dressed in historical costumes, and the spectacular style Equestrianism Competition and Classics- Baroque The highest tide of the activity is the firework show that accurately matches the movements of horses.

Heinhouse Carnival Week (June September): Baroque garden - The "Carnival Week" held in Hainhaus Garden will give you a chance to enjoy the first-class

Open air festival

Hanover Landscape Atlas (10 sheets)

Entertainment, art exhibitions, art performances and classical music 。‘ The Small Festival in the Big Garden is the most popular small performing arts festival in Germany. Artists from all over the world will present songs on more than 30 small stages in every corner of the garden, Pantomime , drama, variety show, music and other performances.

Whether it is the unique atmosphere of this outdoor celebration, or the world-class concerts and opera performances of internationally renowned bands, soloists and symphony orchestras in the historic art gallery and Germany's most exquisite baroque performance venues, tourists are often impressed, except for children's dramas, A musical reinterpretation of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream will also be performed in the theater in the garden.

All activities are more brilliant because of the magic lights; As night falls, fountains, hedges, statues, lights and music will make this big garden a paradise on earth.

Urban transportation

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Hanover

Hanover is an important part of Germany Transport hub 。 Since 2000 the World Expo The traffic in Hanover is quite developed. Railways in all directions and expressway Meet here. The main railway station in Hanover is the fifth largest railway station in Germany. There are 622 trains arriving or leaving every day, which are sent to more than 60 major European cities Passenger traffic volume It is about 250000 person times (data in December 2006). There are 12 train platforms and 6 subway platforms in the station, which is very convenient for transfer.

In addition to developed railway transportation, Hanover's Public transportation The network is also a model of public transport in Germany. 10 suburban lines and 6 fast suburban lines Handlebar The suburban counties of Hanover are well connected with the urban areas. There are 14 traffic lines in the city rail transit (Metro) line and more than 100 bus lines. The subway is the main part here Public transport It extends to every corner of the city. In downtown Kr ö pcke's subway station There are three floors. All subway lines stop here.

In addition, Hanover also has four ports throughput 3.75 million tons (2006), the largest in North Germany Dry port 。 Hanover Airport The second largest connection in Germany Eastern Europe And Frankfurt Airport (Hanover/Langenhagen International Airport). In addition, there is a helicopter platform specially provided for large-scale exhibitions in the Hanover Exhibition Center.