Vinyl chloride, also known as vinyl chloride, chemical formula CtwoHthreeCl，It is an organic compound and an important monomer in polymer chemical industry.
On October 27, 2017, the list of carcinogens published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization (WHO) was preliminarily sorted out for reference, and vinyl chloride was included in the list of Class 1 carcinogens.[2]
Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene and other organic solvents[1]
Chemical structure data
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Molar refractive index
fifteen point eight eight[1]
Molar volume (cmthree/mol）
sixty-eight[1]
Isotonic specific volume (90.2K)
one hundred and thirty-nine point one[1]
Surface tension (dyne/cm)
seventeen point five[1]
Polarization (10-24cmthree）
six point two nine[1]
Calculate chemical data
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Drainage parameter calculation reference value (XlogP)
one point five[1]
Number of hydrogen bond donors
zero
Number of hydrogen bond receptors
zero
Number of rotatable chemical bonds
zero
Number of tautomers
zero
Topological molecular polar surface area (TPSA)
zero
Number of heavy atoms
three[1]
surface charge
zero
Complexity
ten point three[1]
Number of isotope atoms
zero
Determine the number of atomic geometric centers
zero
Number of atomic geometric centers in uncertainty
zero
Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters
zero
Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters
zero
Number of covalent bond units
one[1]
toxicology data
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acute toxicity
LDfifty: 500mg/kg (rat by mouth)
Subacute and chronic toxicity
Rats inhaled 30~40mg/mthreeVapour, 4 hours a day, 5 months a day, 20 days later ECG changes, bradycardia, arrhythmia, 4 and a half months later atrioventricular conduction disorder.
7900mg/mthree, 4 hours a day, 5 days a week, 12 months, brain, liver, lung, nephrosis and tumor appeared.
The lowest toxic dose (TCLo) of 500ppm (7h) inhaled from 6 to 15 days after pregnancy in rats caused malformation of musculoskeletal system development.
carcinogenicity
IARC carcinogenicity review: G1, confirmed human carcinogen.
other
The lowest toxic concentration (TCLo) inhaled by rats: 500ppm (7h) (6-15d pregnancy), causing embryotoxicity.
The lowest toxic concentration (TCLo) inhaled by mice: 500ppm (7h) (6-15d of pregnancy), causing embryotoxicity and abnormal musculoskeletal development.[1]
purpose
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Mainly used for manufacturingpolyvinyl chlorideHomopolymer and copolymer of.It can also be used withVinyl acetate、butadieneIt can be used as the comonomer of various polymers, an important raw material of the plastic industry, and also as a refrigerant.It can also be used as an extractant for dyes and spices.
handle
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In the incineration process of chlorinated plastics such as vinyl chloride, the incineration temperature is lower than 800 ℃, and the chlorinated waste is not completely burned, which is very easy to generatedioxin。Formed after combustionchlorobenzene The latter becomes the precursor of dioxin synthesis.[3-4]
First aid measures
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Contact parts
First aid measures
Skin contact
Take off contaminated clothes immediately, and wash skin thoroughly with soapy water and clean water.Get medical attention.
Eye contact
Lift the eyelids and wash them with flowing water or normal saline.Get medical attention.
inhalation
Quickly leave the site to fresh air.Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed.If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.If breathing stops, perform artificial respiration immediately.Get medical attention.
Leakage emergency treatment
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Evacuate the personnel in the leakage contaminated area to the windward place quickly, isolate them, and strictly restrict access.Cut off the ignition source.It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and anti-static work clothes.Cut off the leakage source as much as possible.Cover the sewer and other places near the leakage point with industrial coating or adsorption/absorbent to prevent gas from entering.Reasonable ventilation to accelerate diffusion.Dilute and dissolve with spray water.Build a dike or dig a pit to contain a large amount of wastewater generated.If possible, the residual gas or leaked gas shall be sent to the water washing tower or the fume hood connected to the tower with an exhaust fan.Leaking containers shall be properly treated, repaired and inspected before reuse.
Protective measures
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Protective parts
Protective measures
engineering control
The production process is airtight and fully ventilated.
respiratory system protection
When the concentration in the air exceeds the standard, wear a filtered gas mask (half mask).In case of emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear an air respirator.
Eye protection
Wear chemical safety goggles.
Body protection
Wear anti-static work clothes.
Hand protection
Wear chemical resistant gloves.
Other protection
Smoking is strictly prohibited at the work site.Pre employment and regular physical examination shall be carried out.When entering tanks, confined spaces or other high concentration areas for operation, someone must supervise.
Operation, disposal, storage and transportation
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Precautions for operation: closed operation, full ventilation.Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures.It is recommended that operators wear filter type gas mask (half mask), chemical safety goggles, anti-static work clothes and chemical gloves.Keep away from kindling and heat sources, and smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace.Use explosion-proof ventilation systems and equipment.Prevent gas leakage into the air of the workplace.Avoid contact with oxidants.During transmission, the cylinder and container must be grounded and bridged to prevent static electricity.The cylinder and accessories shall be handled with care to prevent damage.Fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment of corresponding types and quantities shall be provided.
Precautions for storage: store in a cool and ventilated warehouse.Keep away from kindling and heat sources.The warehouse temperature should not exceed 30 ℃.It shall be stored separately from oxidant and shall not be mixed.Explosion proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted.It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to generate sparks.The storage area shall be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment.
Precautions for transportation: during railway transportation, the dangerous goods shall be loaded in strict accordance with the dangerous goods loading table in the Dangerous Goods Transportation Rules of the Ministry of Railways.The safety helmet on the cylinder must be worn when the cylinder is used for transportation.Cylinders are generally placed horizontally, and the mouth of the cylinder should be in the same direction, not crossed;The height shall not exceed the protective fence of the vehicle, and shall be firmly clamped with triangular wood pad to prevent rolling.The transport vehicles shall be equipped with corresponding types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment.The exhaust pipe of the vehicle transporting this article must be equipped with a fire retardant device. It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to generate sparks for loading and unloading.It is strictly prohibited to mix with oxidants, edible chemicals, etc.Transport in the morning and evening in summer to prevent sunlight exposure.Keep away from kindling and heat sources during stopover.Road transportation shall be carried out according to the specified route, and it is forbidden to stay in residential areas and densely populated areas.It is forbidden to slip during railway transportation.
Emergency medical treatment
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Diagnostic points
1. Clear contact history.Acute poisoning is mostly caused by equipment repair or accidental inhalation of high concentration of the product.It is usually found in polymerizer cleaning workers.
2. Central nervous system symptoms: dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, lethargy, and gait faltering may appear soon after contact.Severe patients may have different levels of consciousness disorder, or even death.
3. Liver damage: A few patients have large liver, pain in the liver area, abnormal liver function, such as ALT elevation, etc.
4. Skin mucous membrane irritation: local numbness, erythema, edema, blisters, and even necrosis may occur when the skin contacts the liquid.
5. Eye contact: irritation symptoms such as photophobia, tears, congestion may occur.
Handling principles
1. The patient quickly left the scene and moved to fresh air to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed.When the eyes and skin are polluted, a large amount of water should be used to wash them as soon as possible.
2. Those who have stopped breathing should be given artificial respiration and oxygen supply.
3. Observe closely and pay attention to the prevention and treatment of brain edema.Corresponding symptomatic treatment should be given in case of respiratory and circulatory failure.
4. The treatment of toxic liver disease can refer to internal medicine.
preventive measure
The production workshop of this product must do a good job in sealing equipment and pipelines, pay attention to fire prevention, and strengthen equipment maintenance.When discharging from polymerization kettle, it is better to use local ventilation first;Before cleaning the kettle, drain water into the kettle first, and enter the kettle after the residual vinyl chloride gas is discharged and the kettle temperature drops. Reduce the number of times of kettle cleaning, try to use machinery instead of manual operation, and strengthen personal protection.People with mental and nervous system diseases, liver diseases, kidney diseases, chronic eczema, etc. are not suitable for the production of this product.If there are osteolytic lesions, they should also be removed.
security information
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Safety terminology
S36/37:：Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
Wear appropriate protective clothing and gloves.
S45：In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the lable where possible).
In case of an accident or feeling unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label if possible).
S53：Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
Avoid contact and obtain special instructions before use.
