The eight major democratic parties in China, including the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (hereinafter referred to as the Democratic Revolution), the Chinese Democratic League (hereinafter referred to as the Democratic League), the Chinese Democratic Association for Building a Country (hereinafter referred to as the Democratic Construction Association), the Chinese Association for the Promotion of Democracy (hereinafter referred to as the Democratic Progressive Party), the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party (hereinafter referred to as the Peasants and Workers Party), the Chinese Zhigong Party (hereinafter referred to as the Zhigong Party), and the Jiusan Society[4]Taiwan Democratic Self Government Alliance (the Taiwan League for short).[2-3]
In 1945,Mao ZedongAt the "Seventh National Congress" of the Communist Party of China, the political factions existing between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were called "democratic parties" for the first time.In 1950, the political pattern of multi-party cooperation in which the Communist Party of China was in power and all democratic parties participated in politics was initially established.The title of "democratic parties" has become the special title of the eight democratic parties.[5-6]
Origin of sorting
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The order of the habits of the eight major democratic parties in China is: the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, the Chinese Democratic League, the Chinese Association for Democratic Founding, the Chinese Association for the Promotion of Democracy, the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party, the Chinese Zhigong Party, the Jiusan Society, and the Taiwan Democratic Self Government Alliance.This order is based on the history and actions of the democratic parties and their representatives in the democratic patriotic struggle, and is the result of full consultation.
On April 30, 1948, the Communist Party of China proposed“May Day slogan”。The democratic parties responded to the "May Day slogan" in different order: the Democratic Revolution, the Democratic League, the Democratic Progressive Party, the Zhigong Party, the Peasants and Workers Party, the National Salvation Association, the People's Promotion, the People's Union, the Taiwan League, and the People's Construction.
On November 25, 1948, the Communist Party of China and the democratic parties reached a common agreement on the convening of the New CPPCC Conference. At that time, the order of the parties became the Communist Party of China, the Democratic Revolution, the Democratic League, the Democratic Progressive Party, the Zhigong Party, the Peasants and Workers Party, the National Salvation Association, the People's Promotion, the People's Union, the People's Construction, and non party democrats.
On September 21, 1949,The First Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative ConferenceAt this time, the ranking order of the democratic parties changed again in Beijing. The order is: the Democratic Revolution, the Democratic League, the Democratic Construction, non party democrats, the Democratic Progressive Movement, the Peasants and Workers Party, the National Salvation Association, the People's League, the People's Promotion, the Zhigong Party, the Jiusan Society, and the Taiwan League.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the democratic faction of the Kuomintang unifying the National Revolution, the People's League and the People's Promotion to form the National Revolution, the National Salvation Association believed that it had completed its historical mission and announced its dissolution. The ranking of the democratic parties finally formed the pattern of the National Revolution, the People's League, the People's Construction, the Democratic Progressive Party, the Peasant Workers' Party, the Zhigong Party, the Jiusan Society and the Taiwan League.[2-3]
Functions of political parties
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The Regulations on the Work of the Communist Party of China's United Front (for Trial Implementation) puts forward that "the basic functions of democratic parties are to participate in the discussion of politics, democratic supervision, and participate in political consultations led by the Communist Party of China." The three basic functions are organically unified."Participation in politics" mainly reflects the relationship between the democratic parties and the state power, "democratic supervision" reflects an important aspect of the relationship between the democratic parties and the ruling party, and "participation in political consultation led by the Communist Party of China" reflects the ways and means of the democratic parties to participate in major national decisions.The organic unity of the three basic functions more comprehensively reflects the status and role of China's participating parties.
The three functions are the basic functions of the democratic parties, not all of them.The functions of political parties include political functions, social functions and internal functions.The reason why the three functions are basic functions is that they are all political functions of democratic parties and the main ways for democratic parties to play a role in national politics.In addition to the basic functions, democratic parties also have social services, self-education and other functions.[7]
organization development
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The organizational development of democratic parties is an important part of the self construction of all democratic parties, and is related to the long-term existence and healthy development of multi-party cooperation.The basic principles for the development of the organizations of the democratic parties are (three priorities): focusing on the key division of labor, focusing on large and medium-sized cities, focusing on representative people, focusing on political quality, combining development with consolidation, and developing steadily in a planned way.[5]
Communists generally cannot join democratic parties.According to the provisions of the relevant documents of the Central Committee, in order to actively help the democratic parties to strengthen the construction of the leadership, further improve, consolidate and develop the multi-party cooperation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, individual CPC members who are suitable for the leadership of the democratic parties can join the democratic party organizations upon the request and consent of the democratic parties and with the approval of the party committee at a higher level,Transferred to work in the democratic parties.[8]
