The bayonet is composed ofKnife bodyAnd knife handle.It can be divided into sheet shape (knife shape or sword shape) and prism shape according to shape（TrigonopsisOr four edges).According to the connection mode with the rifle, it can be removed from the gun and loadedscabbardThere are two types of portable detachable type and folding type hinged on the gun side.Split bayonets are mostly in sheet shape, and someKnife edgeIt is engraved with serrations and can be connected with the metal sheath to form scissors. It has multiple functions.The modern bayonet is generally 20~30cm long. It still plays a role in close combat and night combat.
Guns appeared in Europe in the middle and late 13th century, no later than 1330.The earliest record in official documents is in 1364,ItalyPerugiaThe list of the city armory: "500 guns, about 8 inches long, can be held in the hand, very beautiful, and can shoot through any armor".The earliest material object is a copper product excavated in Tannenberg, Germany in 1849 and destroyed in 1399Handgun（Hand gun）。The front loading muskets used at that time usually took one minute to load and fire a round of ammunition, so the musketeers often needed to be protected by lancers to prevent moderate attacks.The musketeer should equip himself with a sword or a spear in addition to the musketeer.
Basic formation of Spanish infantry square array
Organization of Spanish Infantry Array from 1534 to 1632
Bayonet rudiment
According to《Daming Festival》It is recorded that in the Ming Dynasty (1451), China first installed spear heads on iron blunders for assassination.In terms of integrating the performance of musket and spear, bayonet originated in China.It was not until the middle of the 16th century, more than 100 years later, that the invention of installing a spear head on a shotgun for killing prey appeared in Europe.
The fast gun used by the Northern Ming Army
Birth of bayonet
As for the birth of the real bayonet, there are two European versions: one was invented by an unknown Frenchman in 1610;The other was invented in 1640 by the French officer, Malache de Pisse.But both of them believe thatFirst bayonetThe birth of（Bayonne）, soEurope and AmericaThe bayonet is called“Bayone”。The earliest bayonet is double edgedStraight knife, about 1 foot long, tapered wooden handle is also about 1 foot long, which can be insertedmusketMuzzle.
The first stuffed bayonet
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Whether Piseju was the inventor of the first bayonet or not, he was the first person to equip the army with this kind of bayonet.In 1642, it becamemarshalPizeju led the army to attackBelgiumYpres.The musketeers under his command are equipped with bayonets, so that they do not need to use the lancer to protect the musketeers.
improvement
However, the plug bayonet has some shortcomings, such as poor connection and obstruction of shooting.In 1688, French military engineer and field marshal de Vauban invented the casing bayonet, which uses a special casing to fix the bayonet outside the barrel.At this point, the musketeers can finally become an independent army without relying on other arms, and play the role of long-range fire projection and melee impact at the same time.
French Marshal Vauban (1633.5.15~1707.3.30)
Typical sleeve bayonet
On November 15, 1703, in the Battle of the Sperbach River in western Germany, the French infantry attacked with bayonets for the first time and defeatedPrussian Army。Since then, bayonets have been widely equipped with the armies of major European countries,pikeman It was eliminated, but the spear was still used as a symbol of officers and sergeants in the early 19th century.
The spear was not eliminated immediately after the advent of the bayonet. It was used by non commissioned officers to guard the flag in the British army
French rifle equipped with Vauban bayonet
At this time, with the evolution of gun technology, it is generally believed that the bayonet has become an auxiliary fighting tool with a greatly simplified shape, often just a metal rod with a tip.Its position is mostly to one side, so thatMusketeerAfter the bayonet is installed, the ammunition can still be loaded from the muzzle of the gun. Since the gun is already very long, the length of the bayonet is about 14 to 18 inches.
development
In the 19th century, the evolution of bayonet followedEuropean powersThe struggle for global domination has made great progress like firearms, and has been valued again.Generally madeLong knife（Sword/Saber Bayonet）The blade is more than 20 inches.The trend of thinking tends to be multi-functional. It can be used as a bayonet when equipped with a rifle, or it can be used as a bayonet when not equipped with a gunSaberUsed alone.
The bayonet of Lin Mingdun's rifle
By the late 19th century, the spring assisted fixed tenon was widely used, and the length of the bayonet was greatly reduced, evolving intoShort knife(Knife Bayonet) shapeThe blade is less than 20 inches, even less than 15 inches in length. This style has been used until today.
The bayonet of Lin Mingdun's rifle
The design of bayonet holder has also undergone many changes. The bayonet holder on the side of the barrel of the Linmingdun roller rifle is shown in Figure 1Plane level, parallel to the ground.
Figure 1 bayonet of Lin Mingdun rifle
Twice in the 20th centuryWorld WarIn China, bayonets are still very important weapons. Soldiers have a large number of them, and they still have a large number of them.But in real battles, there are fewer and fewer instances of the two armies fighting with bayonets. In World War II, onlyChinese ArmyThere are also examples of large-scale bayonet fighting with the Japanese army.Other armies mostly use bayonets as deterrent tools or multifunctional toolsCombat knifeAnd its length is gradually shortened.
M1 rifle and M1 bayonet
Japanese Type 96 Light Machine Gun
Japanese Type 99 Light Machine Gun
the German armyMP34 submachine gunAnd Steyr S1-100Submachine gun, Stern submachinegun of British army, Japanese armyHundred type submachinegunThe American Thomson submachinegun of 1923 and 1927 were equipped with bayonets, but its practical value is quite doubtful.
Thomson submachinegun
When semi-automatic and fully automatic weapons are popularized and high-capacity magazines are equipped, the firepower of individual soldiers increases greatly, and the status of bayonets is declining. Except for night raids and other unknown enemies and friends, when the two sides are extremely close and the enemies and friends are mixed, there is no chance to charge with guns, and they will be swept down all the way.The most recent case was at Longdan Mountain, Falkland Island, in 1982（Mount Longdon, Falkland Island）The British launched a bayonet charge and captured the stronghold at the cost of the death of 29 British troops and 50 Argentine troops.It can be seen that occasionally, it also has a miraculous effect.
At the end of the 20th century, famous for the bayonet within 30 metersthe Chinese People's Liberation Army, also gave up the tactical concept of fighting bayonet.The development of modern bayonet, like the Swiss knife, stresses multi-function, and should be short, light and easy to carry.
81 bayonet
87 bayonet
95 type bayonet (green handle is an early model)
Type 99 Airborne Parachute Blade
Although bayonet is becoming less and less important in today's actual combat, it is still an important subject for training troops, which is of great help to cultivate physical strength, collective consciousness and murderous spirit of soldiers;Just like walking in unison and kicking the right foot, it will never disappear from the army completely.However, the trainer should not put the cart before the horse and regard it as the main tactic. In actual combat, it is like driving people away from the valley.
For hundreds of years, countries have produced countless bayonets of various types and styles, so collecting bayonets is also a popular item for military products.The bayonet is also a military product that can kill people, but it is not sensitive to firearms. It has a little more deadly attraction than searching for military uniforms and accessories.
Name of each department
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For the most part, it can be divided intoHandle, grid, body and sheath。
The handle is made of various materials, including all metalBakeliteOf synthetic materials.In the past, most of them were made of wood, while in modern times, most of them are made of synthetic materials.Some of the wooden handles have various kinds of anti-skid patterns, such as horizontal, twill, diamond, etc.
German 1898 handle twill and oil filling hole
The gun flame protector, Gu Ming thought, is to add an iron plate on the back of the handle to prevent the gun flame from hurting the handle and the back of the handle.Some bayonets that have been used in the battlefield for a long time have obvious corrosion marks on the back of the handle because there is no flame protector.But this is not a common configuration. Only German bayonets are often seen.
The oil filling hole is a hole for lubricating oil to enter the handle, which is used to lubricate internal parts (bayonet base tenon, sheath tenon, spring, etc.).Some people also call it leakage hole, which means that in case of water entering the interior, it can let water flow out quickly.This is also not a common configuration.
The bayonet seat groove is an important index to identify bayonet types.ForMauser Rifle The bayonet used is quite different from that of other firearms;It is generally called Mauser bayonet holder grooveT/OType, while others are T type.In Chinese,T/OType is more likecross-bondingMore appropriate.This is an important feature of the Mauser bayonet. No other rifle uses this kind of seat slot.Mauser obtained a patent for the bayonet not contacting the barrel in 1895, but the design of the H-type socket was completed in 1898Mauser Rifle , all of them adopt the socket type under the gun butt.Another exception isArgentinaThe 1909 rifle bayonet of the 1891 rifle is used again, soArgentinaThe 1909 model also adopted the T model.
The muzzle ring is used to fix the bayonet on the barrel. Except Germany, bayonets in all countries have muzzle rings.Mauser considered that adding foreign objects to the barrel would affect the trajectory, so German bayonets have no muzzle ring since 1898, which is their feature.However, Maoser for export has a muzzle ring, which may be because the buyer insists that the H socket is not reliable enough.
The length of the muzzle ring is also an indicator of the type of bayonet.If the bayonet seat is under the gun butt, the muzzle ring extends longer;The muzzle ring of the Mauser bayonet is close to the back of the bayonet, because the bayonet holder is under the barrel.One exception isEnfield No. 1 Mk IIIIn combination with 1907 bayonet, there is another cylinder under the muzzle for muzzle ring insertion.From the position of the muzzle ring to the slot of the bayonet holder on a bayonet, the position from the bayonet holder to the barrel can be determined, and the length from the bayonet holder to the muzzle can also be determined.Therefore, it can roughly determine the requirements of the front end of the gunrelative position, thus determining its shape.
30 type bayonet
1907 bayonet
The guard hook was very popular in the late 19th century. Most bayonets have this design, most of them bend forward;German 1898 series bayonet guard hook is backward (also calledQuill Back）。Most bayonets after World War I have this configuration removed.
1898 bayonet
Blade subdivision
Ricasso:Ricasso
Point:Knife point
Edge:Blade
Fuller/Blood Grove:Blood bath
Spine:Knife edge
1907 bayonet
The blade handle is the most frequently marked part, which is usually printed with the producer'sFactory emblemOr name.
Knife handle mark
Bayonet mark
Bayonet mark
Bayonet mark
The shape and length of the blade vary greatly, but it can be roughly divided into three types: single blade, double blade and half double blade.
The most famous example of single blade is the Japanese Meiji Thirty Year Style, which is shaped likeSamurai sword, only one side is sharp, and the other side is the back of the knife.
30 type bayonet
In addition, single blade and half double blade bayonets can also be divided into two types: upper blade and lower blade.Of course, the upper and lower parts here refer to the direction of the bayonet.Generally, the lower side is more open, because the bayonet with the upper side open is facing the muzzle of the gun when it penetrates the human body;The spurted blood may enter the barrel in large quantities.
Most bayonets are half double edged, the difference is only the backOpen the frontThe length of the part.Muzzle flameHigh feverThe metal of bayonet will be affected to a certain extent. The part under the muzzle should be reinforced as if it has been through the quenching process.The back of most bayonets is the thickest part of the blade, while the double-edged sword cannot achieve this purpose.
In World War I, Germany also used a "butcher's bayonet" with serrated back（Sawback）At that time, it caused the belligerent countries to denounceShotgun, both listed as inhumane weapons.The correct name of the butcher's bayonet is S98/05, which is in GermanyWorld War IOne of the most widely used bayonets in.The body design of "Butcher's bayonet" is divided into standard and tooth back.toothBack knifeIt is intended for military officers (not for inflicting heavy losses on the enemy), and the production quantity is about 5% of the standard bayonet.However, as the Allies continued to use tooth backed knives to promote German brutality, many of the teeth were removed in the later period.
Bayonet
The name "butcher" is a nickname given to it by the US military, because the shape of the knife is similar to the knife used by the butcher at that time.The S98/05 was born to replace the very large and heavy 98/02 bayonet. The design of the two bayonets is based on the needs of trench warfare, and they are used as excavation and cutting tools and bayonets.Because it is well made, very durable, and also suitable for Gew98 and Kar98 rifles, the life history of S98/05 can be divided into three stages: World War IWeimar andWorld War II。
S98/05 bayonet
In terms of manufacturing difficulty, bayonets do not need very sophisticated technology, and ordinary blacksmiths can make them.But the strange thing is that the production of bayonets in China, like guns, is developing very slowly;Hanyang Arsenal In the past ten years, the factory has produced 130726 kinds of guns, but only 2310 bayonets.From the warlord era to the war of resistance against Japan, a large number of bayonets were purchased from European powers.
Chinese made bayonet, mainly forMade in HanyangAnd all kinds of TuyangMauser Rifle use.The bayonet made in Hanyang has a single blade, and its length and shape are similar to the Japanese Meiji 30-year style.The bayonet of the Chinese official and other Mauser rifles, with the blade shape of the British 1907 andBelgiumThere are two types of 1924 style.
1924 bayonet
Due to the limited production, gun making and bayonet making were separated, so when the war of resistance came,local forcesMany of the soldiers did not have bayonets.For example, when the Sichuan Army went to the front, it was recorded that some gun bolts would not fall out until they were tied with ropes, and all soldiers had no bayonets.Some troops simply give soldiers large knives for use in close combat. At least the supply of large blades can be self-sufficient.
Subdivision of scabbard
Throat/Mouthpiece:Sheath orifice
Frog Stud:Leather dowel
Chape:chape
British leather 1907 style scabbard and canvas cover
The scabbard was mostly made of leather at the beginning of the 20th century. It was made of thick leather with metal sleeves at both ends.the First World WarIn the future, many countries have taken the following measuresMetal manufacturingscabbard.The US military uses synthetic materialsFiberboardOr metal sheet, the German armythe Second World WarChina used to be made of bakelite, but it was mainly made of metal.During the War of Resistance against Japan, China used topigskinThe leather holster is made with a belt ring, similar to today's folk hunting knife holster.At the end of the war, the Japanese army used bamboo and wood chips to make scabbards.
Original year bayonet
The leather sleeve tenon is also an indicator to identify the age of the bayonet. The leather sleeve tenon before and after World War I was roughly round, shaped like mushrooms. After World War I, there began to be an L-shaped tenon, like an inverted oneclothes hook。In modern times, the American bayonet did not need a tenonDouble hookHang onElastic beltOn.
L-type leather sleeve tenon
Various forms of classification
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Plug Bayonet:Thrust bayonet
Socket Bayonet:Socket Bayonet
Sword (Saber) Bayonet:Long bayonet
Knife Bayonet:Short bayonet
Triangular Bayonet:Three spindle bayonet
Integrated Bayonet:Folding bayonet
Since the appearance of the bayonet, some people have thought about why not fix the bayonet on the gun, stretch it out when in use, and put it away when not in use. As a result, there is no risk of loss, and it can be quickly prepared when needed.The first folding bayonet was installed inNetherlandsThe 1826/30 year old musket is bolted on the side of the musket.There have been sporadic examples since then, but they have never become mainstream.In modern times, it is more famous for the "five six" pattern in ChinaSubmachine gun, under the barrel there is a folding bayonet, which is imitated from the Russian SKS folding bayonet.In Vietnam Wardocumentary filmAnd in the movies, there are often scenes of North Vietnamese military envoys having this type of bayonet.However, the reason for adopting folding bayonet may be more economical thanTactical thinkingDialectics.
Type 56 semi-automatic rifle bayonet
The reason why folding bayonets cannot become the mainstream is that, as mentioned above, the time when soldiers use bayonets is strange, but the use of bayonets in battle is the end.The fixed bayonet mounted on the gun certainly cannot meet these needs.
be born
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As for the birth of the real bayonet, there are two European versions: one was invented by an unknown Frenchman in 1610;The other was invented in 1640 by the French officer, Malache de Pisse.But both of them believe that the first bayonet in the world was born in Bayonne, a small city in France, so Europe and the United States call it "Bayonet".The earliest bayonet is double edgedStraight knife, about 1 foot long, and the tapered wooden handle is also about 1 foot long, which can be inserted into the muzzle of the shotgun.
evaluate
Whether Piseju was the inventor of the first bayonet or not, he was the first person to equip the army with this kind of bayonet.In 1642, Pisse, who had become a marshal, led an army to attack Ypres in Belgium.For the subordinateMusketeerIt is equipped with bayonet, so it is unnecessary to use the lancer to protect the musketeer.
improvement
However, the plug bayonet has some shortcomings, such as poor connection and obstruction of shooting.In 1688, French military engineer and field marshal de Vauban invented the casing bayonet, which uses a special casing to fix the bayonet outside the barrel.On November 15, 1703, in the Battle of Sperbach River in western Germany, the French infantry attacked with bayonets for the first time and defeated the Prussian army.Since then, bayonets have been widely equipped with the armies of major European countries, and spears have been eliminated from military equipment.
Later, the armed forces of various countries improved and perfected the bayonet.Twentieth CenturyAfter 50With the automation of rifles and variousfire densityWith the increase of, the role and status of bayonet are declining, but it is still an indispensable weapon for infantry to fight face to face.
Name Source
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Bayonet's name comes from Bayonne, a city in southwest France. It is mentioned in the documents that bayonets were first used here in 1647.The bayonet was originally a defensive weaponMuzzle gunAfter launchwallAnd bayonet to resist the advance of the enemy.Bayonet is a kind ofmilitary suppliesIt has no civilian value. No one has ever matched a bayonet to hunt.But that doesn't meanCivilian gunThere should be no bayonet seat. Similarly, it has never been heard that gangsters use bayonet guns to rob.
Bayonet structure
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early stage
The earliest bayonet was shuttle style;Because earlyMusketOnly one shot can be loaded, and it will take a period of time to reload. Therefore, after the musket has fired bullets, install the bayonet and use it as a long gun. The bayonet handle is fixed by inserting it into the barrel, so the possibility of re firing is completely ruled out.This kind of bayonet is called Plug Bayonet.The bayonet tactics of this period have two characteristics: one is that the sword and the gun areIncompatibilitySecond, bayonets are equal to guns, if not more important.
improvement
With the evolution of the times, of course, some people thought that guns and knives do not need to be mutually exclusive. In 1688, Sebastien Le PrestreDe Vauban, a French fortress expert, developed a sleeve bayonet that was sheathed outside the barrel. There was a protruding tenon outside the barrel, which was twisted into the groove of the sleeve after being sheathed with the bayonet.At this time, withGun technologyIt is generally believed that the bayonet has become an auxiliary fighting tool with a greatly simplified shape, often just a metal rod with a tip.Its position is mostly to one side, so thatMusketeerAfter the bayonet is installed, the ammunition can still be loaded from the muzzle of the gun. Since the gun is already very long, the length of the bayonet is about 14 to 18 inches.
nineteenth century
In the 19th century, the evolution of bayonets, like guns, has made great progress with the struggle of European powers to dominate the world.Generally madeLong knife(Sword/Saber Bayonet), the blade is more than 20 inches.The trend of thinking tends to be multi-functional. It can be used as a bayonet when equipped with a rifle, or as a sabre when not equipped with a gun.
World War I
By the late 19th century, the spring assisted fixed tenon was widely used, and the length of the bayonet was greatly reduced, evolving intoShort knife(Knife Bayonet) shape. The blade is less than 20 inches, even less than 15 inches in length. This style has been basically used until today.
The design of bayonet holder has also undergone many changes. The bayonet holder on the side of the barrel of the Linmingdun roller rifle is shown in Figure 1. The muzzle of the bayonet is close up after the bayonet is installed. The blade surface is horizontal and parallel to the ground.
twentieth century
Twice in the 20th centuryWorld WarIn China, bayonets are still very important weapons. Soldiers have a large number of them, and they still have a large number of them.However, in real battles, there are fewer and fewer examples of the two armies fighting with bayonets. In World War II, only the Chinese army and the Japanese army had large-scale examples of using bayonets to fight.Other armies, mostly using bayonets as deterrence tools, or multi-functional fighting knives, have gradually shortened their length.
History of bayonet
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In about 1640, the bayonet was created in the city of Bayonne in the southeast of France as the accessory weapon of the front loaded musket,FrenchThe word "bayonet" evolved from the name of Bayonne, and has been used to this day.
The bayonet is mainly equipped with rifles, and its heyday was inthe Second World WarPreviously, whensingle shotRifle is the main weapon of infantry in various countries, and its firepower is weak. As an important tactical assault fighting weapon, bayonet is highly valued.
In the Second World War, with the widespread use of tanks, artillery and other heavy weapons, the role and status of rifles themselves declined significantly, and the opportunity to use bayonets was even less.After the war, the development of bayonet entered a low tide, and some people even advocated to cancel bayonet altogether.In the 1970s,US ArmyEven cancelled the bayonetTraining subjects。
Since the 1980s, the bayonet has received renewed attention from the armies of various countries. The United Kingdom, the United States and other countries have developed and equipped new bayonets.The new bayonet not only retains the stabbing function, but also highlights the multi-function. In addition to stabbing, cutting, cutting, and sawing, it also adds the functions of cutting wire, opening cans, and pulling screws.At the same time, air force, navythe special armsMultifunctional daggers (life saving knives) used by various arms have also been developed.
The early bayonet was a plug bayonet in the shape of a sword. The length of the bayonet was 30-60cm. There was a wooden tapered handle on it, which could be insertedSmoothboreIn the muzzle of the barrel, it is used for piecing to replace the long used spear.This kind of bayonet began to spread gradually to the whole Europe soon after it came out.But it has an obvious defect: once the bayonet is inserted into the barrel, it can no longer be fired;If it is inserted too tightly, it is not easy to pull out;If inserted too loosely, it is easy to fall off.Later, in order to solve the above problems, someone developed a bayonet, which is equipped with two sliding rings on the handle to cover the bayonet on the muzzle of the gun.
In 1688, the French ArmymarshalDavopon designed the sleeve bayonet.The bayonet has a cross shaped cross section and is sheathed at the muzzle of the gun. The bayonet is fixed by the clamping bamboo shoots on the gun barrel and the clamping slots on the bayonet.Due to its good performance, it soon became popular and was adopted by European armies 1700 years ago.After some improvements, the bayonet is more firmly fixed.Including BelgiumFN FALMany rifles, including FNC, are equipped with bayonets in this way.
After 1750, bayonets with spring bamboo shoots and guns appeared.This bayonet uses a handle similar to the handle instead of the sleevebrake riggingFix the bayonet on the protruding shoot on one side of the muzzle.This kind of bayonet is usually equipped with a muzzle ring at the guard, which is sheathed on the muzzle when the bayonet is mounted, increasing the reliability of connection with the gun. Moreover, the design of the blade is relatively flexible, and can be used as a dagger or otherTool use, easy to hold.After 1855, this kind of bayonet was accepted by many countries, adopted by many rifles, and still in use.
While the connection between the bayonet and the gun continues to improve, the shape of the blade has begun to diversify, and some multi-functional bayonets with other uses have emerged in succession: some blades are single edged and double edged, and can also be used as daggers;Some blades have serrations, which canSawingObject;Some blades are similar toscabbardUsed with cooperative scissors;Some with heavy bladesMacheteUse;Some of them are made into spades for digging ditches, etc.
Development history of various countries
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Russia
Production of 7.62mm started in 1959AKM assault rifleIt is equipped with a multi-functional bayonet and has been used all the time.For bladechisel tool steelMade, surfaceChrome plating, single blade, noneBlood bathThe knife edge is blunt.There are serrations on the blade, which can cut metal objects.The crossbar guard of the bayonet is provided with a muzzle ring, and the end of the handle is provided with a button for connecting with the gun.The material of the scabbard and handle splint isFRP, metal in front of the scabbardInsertThere is a T-shaped standing bamboo shoot and a cutting edge on the blade. Put the standing bamboo shoot into the long hole on the blade, and the bayonet and the scabbard will work together to become a wire cutter.Since the scabbard and handle are bothinsulator, which can be used to cut wires with high voltage.
Bayonet and its sheathTotal weight438 g, 312 g bayonet, 126 g scabbard;The bayonet has a total length of 273 mm, a blade length of 150 mm, and a handle length of 123 mm;BladeMaximum width30 mm.This bayonet is also installed at 5.45mmAK74Assault rifleAnd "Dragonov" 7.62mmSniper rifleThe shape of the handle is slightly improved.
britain
It was equipped with 5.56mm in 1985L85A1 assault rifle, and developed a new bayonet.The body of the new bayonet isstainless steelMonolithic casting, high strength, single blade, with blood groove, and a 50.8mm long section near the rootToothed beltThe cutting edge of can be used to cut ropes.The handle is made of nylon material, on which there is aBottle opener。The sheath is also made of the same nylon material, with a steel insert at the end, which can also be used as a bottle opener, but is different from the bottle opener on the handle.There is a standing bamboo shoot on the insert panel. The long hole on the back of the knife is clamped to the standing bamboo shoot. The blade and sheath can cut the wire together.The shape of the standing bamboo shoots is complex. There is only one way for the blade to be stuck on the standing bamboo shoots, which can ensure that the direction of the blade will not be reversed when it is stuck.178 mm longSaw blade, for sawingWood materialsThe saw blade can be folded and quickly replaced.In addition, one side of the scabbard is also equipped with an oilstone for sharpening the blade.This kind of bayonet is considered to be the most complicated multi-functional bayonet in the world.
U.S.A
From 1961 to early 1987, the United StatesM16 series rifleM7 bayonet is always equipped with poor performance and few functions.staySoviet UnionAfter the adoption of multi-functional bayonets by the United Kingdom, the US military began to distribute them in March 1987M9 multi-purpose bayonet。The blade is made of stainless steel by forging, with light gray surface and sharp edge.The saw teeth and file teeth on the blade are hard and sharp, which can cut through the aircraft shell.Dark greenThe handle is made of nylon material, which is cylindrical, and the surface is engraved with mesh and circular groove. It is easy to hold, and it is antiskid and electricInsulation performanceGood.The scabbard is also made of the same nylon material with high strength and is not easy to be damaged in the field combat environment.The bottom of the sheath is a steel insert, on which there are standing shoots and cutting edges, and the top isbolt driverCutting edge,Knife edgeThe long hole on the sheath is sleeved on the stationary shoot and matched with the cutting edge, which can cut the hemp rope with a diameter of 12.7mm or two twisted ropesTribulus terrestrisSteel wire.The crossguard of the bayonet has a muzzle ring, and there are two rings on the handle seatSmall cardThe groove positioning method is the same as M7 bayonet.
The total weight of the bayonet and its sheath is 810g, the weight of the bayonet is 413g, and the weight of the sheath is 397g;The bayonet has a total length of 310mm, a blade of 182mm, and a handle of 128mm;The maximum width of the blade is 37 mm, the thickness of the blade is 6 mm, and the length of the serrated segment is 75 mm.
Japan
The importance that the Japanese army attaches to bayonets can be seen from the fact that their 99 type light machine guns are equipped with bayonet holders, which is also a special case in the world.The British army also used bayonets on the Stan submachinegun, but its practical value is quite doubtful.China's Ninth Five Year MovementShift machine gunEarly models were also quickly cancelled after installing bayonets.
30 type bayonet
Classic bayonet
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From left to right: Soviet UnionAKMRifle bayonet and its sheathCzech RepublicBayonet of AKM rifle and its sheathAustraliaThe bayonet and its sheath of the "Owen" M1943 submachinegunEgyptThe bayonet and its scabbard of "Ha Jin" 42/49 rifle and its scabbardGuatemalaThe bayonet and its sheath of the "Saitemai" M1968 rifleBelgian FNFAL RifleAnd its scabbardpolandAK47Rifle bayonet and its sheath, ChinaType 56 semi-automatic rifleBayonet, Soviet Union“Simonov”The bayonet of SKS rifle, the bayonet of Czech VZ52/57 rifle, the bayonet and its sheath of Swiss SIGM1957 rifle, and the chilean military chopper.
Bayonet
From top to bottom: Spanish M41 bayonet and its sheath, French M1892/16 bayonet and its sheathBrazilian Army39/45 for combatMacheteIts scabbard, English "Enfield" P1907 bayonet and scabbard.
Bayonet
From left to right:UruguayM1908 bayonet and its sheath of "Mauser" rifle, 413mm long, Germany98 rifleM1908 military parade bayonet, 430mm long, 1908/34 bayonet from Germany, P1907 bayonet and its sheath from England's "Enfield" No. 1MK III rifle, 577mm long, 1891/30 bayonet from Soviet "Moxin Nagan" rifle, 510mm long, 98/43 from SpainCarbineThe bayonet is 380 mm long, 96/11 bayonet for Swiss engineers and its sheath is 605 mm long, which can be fitted on the 1911 rifle, the Swiss K31 dagger bayonet and its sheath, the bayonet is 440 mm long, the British "Enfield" No.4MK Ⅱ rifle bayonet and its sheath, the bayonet is 250 mm long, and the British "Enfield" No.9 rifle bayonet,The bayonet is 255mm long. The German "Demacho" dagger and its scabbard.
Bayonet
Billy Fashion at FNFALAutomatic rifleTube type single function bayonet on the.
Tubular single function bayonet on FNFAL automatic rifle
Wait until semi-automatic and fullAutomatic weaponPopularized and equipped withHigh capacityAfter the magazine, the individual's firepower increased greatly, and the status of the bayonet was declining. Except for night raids and other unknown enemies and ourselves, when the two sides were extremely close and the enemy and ourselves were mixed, there was no chance to charge with guns, and they would be swept down from a long distance.The most recent case was in 1982Falkland Mount Longdon,Falkland Island），The British launched a bayonet chargeArgentinaTake the stronghold at the cost of death.It can be seen that it can also be used occasionally.
At the end of the 20th century, within three metersBayonet is redFamousthe Chinese People's Liberation Army, also gave up the tactical concept of fighting bayonet.The development of modern bayonet is likeSwitzerlandLike knives, they should be multi-functional, short, light and easy to carry.
Although bayonet is becoming less and less important in today's actual combat, it is still an important course for training troopsCollective consciousnessAnd murderous, there is a lot ofHelpful；It's like walking and kickingForward stepIt will never completely disappear from the army.However, the trainer should not put the cart before the horse and regard it as the main tactic. In actual combat, it is like driving people away from the valley.
For hundreds of years, countries have produced countless bayonets of various types and styles, so collecting bayonets is also a popular item for military products.Although the bayonet is also a military product that can kill people, it is not sensitive to firearms. Compared with collecting military uniforms and accessories, it has a little more deadly attraction.
