Machinery industry, as long asMechanicsAll relevant industries can be said to be machinery industry, which can be divided into broad machinery industry and narrow machinery industry.
Chinese name
Machinery industry
Foreign name
Machinery industry
Meaning
Machinery related industries
Classification
Machinery industry in broad sense and in narrow sense
From the capacity excavation stage to the capacity expansion stage,Machine tool industryIt is likely to usher in an accelerationDevelopment stage。Driven by several downstream sub industries in turn, the industry's growth trend is more stable.Among them, the development of large and heavy machine tool industry is much faster than that of ordinary small and medium-sized machine tool industry.
（1） Development status
Since the "Tenth Five Year Plan", China's machine tool consumption has continuously set records,Mainland marketTotal machine tool consumption andImport volumeIt has ranked first in the world for five consecutive years and has become a world famous machine tool consumer.In 2006, the consumption of machine tools in mainland China reached 13.11 billion US dollars,Year on year growthAbout 20%;Machine tool imports reached 7.24 billion US dollars, up 11.55% year on year, 1.7 times higher than the same period last yearPercentage point。
As a major country that plays an important role in the world, China must ensure its independent status from all aspects.our countryMachine tool industryThe product range is complete, with more than 3600 varieties available for production. There is basically no blank field, most of which meet the requirements of ChinaEquipment manufacturingDemand for machine tools.
staytechnical contentHigherMetal cuttingIn terms of machine tools, the output of machine tools has increased year after year,CAGRMore than 22%, the output of CNC metal cutting machine tools increased faster, and the proportion of CNC metal cutting machine tools increased steadily in 2001CNNCThe proportion of metal cutting machine tools is only 9%, which has reached 20% by the first half of 2007.As China is in the early stage of industrialization, manyMetalworkingThe required precision of the product is not very highLabor costLow cost, therefore low endOrdinary machine toolThere is still a certain market.
（2） Downstream promotes development
The machine tool isadvanced manufacturing technology Carrier andEquipment industryBasics ofMeans of production, is the basic equipment of equipment manufacturing industry, mainlyapplication area Is a shipconstruction machinery, military industry, agricultural machinery, electric equipment, railwaylocomotive, automobile and other industries.Driven by the pressure of capacity expansion in shipbuilding, construction machinery and other industries, the machine tool industry is ushering in a stage of rapid development.
According to the development in recent yearsDownstream industryIn China, shipbuilding, engineering machinery, heavy machinery and military industry are the fastest growing industries. In the process of developing from idle production capacity to full production and overproduction, the demand for upgrading and small-scale purchase of machine tools and equipment has driven the stable and medium growth of the machine tool industry.Current major shipbuilding companies and engineering machinery companiesCapacity utilizationBasically more than 100%, especiallyshipbuilding industry Hands on orders far exceed the current capacity, and the production task has been scheduled to 2011. Capacity expansion has become inevitable and necessaryProduction equipmentEspecially for machine tool equipmentrequirementIt will usher in accelerated growth, and the demand for other vehicles and electric equipment will also maintain stable growth.
The machine tool industry provides products to several downstream sub industries of machinery manufacturing. Therefore, in different periods, each equipment manufacturing sub industry has boomed and declined, while the development of the machine tool industry is relatively stable compared with its downstream industries.In different stages of economic development, various sub industries have alternately become the main force to promote the development of the machine tool industry, and the machine tool industry will follow the fastest growing sub industry.Ships, engineering machinery, heavy machinery, petrochemical production equipment and other heavy equipment are the fastest growing and most promising downstream industries,automotive industry Although the overall profit level cannot keep up with the output growthProduction and sales volumeThe demand for machine tools in the automotive industry will continue to grow steadily.
（3） Zhongjinyi Analysis
Heavy industry development is this roundChina's economyThe main growth point of prosperity has become an important force driving China's economyHeavy chemical industryIn the middle of the development stage, this stage will continue for a long time. The development of heavy machinery industry should be faster than the development of light and medium-sized machinery products, corresponding to the large and heavy machine tool industry it promotesDevelopment speedIt will be far faster than small and medium-sized machine tools, and the development prospect of large and heavy machine tool industry is promising.
High precision machine tool isFirst mover advantageIn the obvious industry, technology and process are very strict, and each step of improvement requires rich technology, process precipitation and hard work.Because it is difficult to improve the high-precision machine tool industry, the advanced countries in the machine tool industry protect their own machine tool enterprises more than other industries.High precision machine tools are few at presentthe WestProducts subject to restrictions and embargoes against China.
Transmission analysis
Today, the Chinese market has become a global carmarket competition A miniature of.Three independence in the worldAutomatic transmissionmanufacturerAll haveEntering the Chinese market: Aixin's factory in TianjinCKDThe mode isFAW ToyotaThe crown andenterprising spiritAt the same time of matching, prepare for deep processing of parts and components to prepare for further localization;ZF is exporting to the Chinese market automaticallyTransmissionAfter many years, the production of automatic transmission was finally transferred to a joint venture factory in China;SlowerJATCOAnd finally settled in Guangzhou.In addition, as the world's largestManual transmissionOne of the producersGetrak, which is the same asJianglingGetrak (Jiangxi) Drive System Co., Ltd., a joint venture of.And introduced two transmissions with good reputation in Europe.
The Chinese market will see the coexistence of multiple transmission varieties in a certain period of time, which will make the Chinese market more diversified and the competition more fierce.Chinaautomobile industry The huge market will make China an important transmission market in the world.
From the perspective of market characteristics, CVT has been in China for some years, but it has not been widely accepted by Chinese consumers.By 2010, China's light vehicle market will demand more than 3.5 million transmissions with maximum input torque below 150Nm.Among them, double clutch transmission may account for 80%market share。
China's future transmission market will present the situation of two major groups.That is, joint ventures mainly focus on automatic transmissions, and self owned brand enterprises mainly focus on manual transmissions.The business of these two groups will also overlap, and there will be a complementary relationship between them.
ChinaAutomobile transmissionThe industry is highly competitive, and its degree even exceedsEuropean and American markets。Chinese enterprises are striving to internationalize their product quality and enterprise management.butCompetition patternIt is not clear yet. Only enterprises that firmly believe in advanced management, continuous learning and innovation, excellent product quality and first-class technology can become the dominant force in market competition.
In the context of the national policy of revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry, the power capacitor industry is undoubtedly one of the beneficiaries.Adhering to independent innovationIndustrial upgradingMany products have repeatedly performed well in key national power construction projects.The technical level of the industry has achieved a qualitative leap, which is marked by the significant success of developmentkey technology And products, fundamentally rewriting the history of introduction dominated in the 1990s.
With the increasing trust among users at home and abroad, the market has expanded.Many enterprises succeed in seizing the market ahead of foreign investors in national key projects.Xi'an XD Power Capacitor Co., Ltd、GuilinPower Capacitor Co., Ltd., New Northeast Electric（Jinzhou）Power Capacitor Co., Ltd., etcVanguardThe enterprise showed strong technical strength and won the bid for Tianguang, GuiguangLingbaoBack to back, three ShanghaiDC transmissionThe project has won hundreds of millions of orders.The two world's highestVoltage level± 800 kV DCPower transmission projectMedium, industryContract of WorkOrders reached more than 400 million yuan.
（1） Opportunities provided by energy conservation and emission reduction
If the national environment for revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry has given birth to new technologies and processes in the industry, and the policy background of the State Council for promoting energy conservation and emission reductioncapacitorThe products provide huge business opportunities and potential.The overall scale of the power capacitor industry is not huge in the field of power transmission and transformation, but its products have unique advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection.Information source: power equipment andGrid operationA certain amount ofReactive power, and yesPower systemconductReactive compensationIt is the main use of power capacitor.The demand accounts for more than 80% of the whole capacitor market.andMarket demandNew in the same yearInstalled power generation capacityIt is closely related. According to the actual installed capacity of reactive power compensation capacitor in recent years, the ratio to the newly added installed capacity of power generation is about 1:1.
our countryDC transmission lineThe development is very fast. On average, a new DC project is built every year, and a ± 500 kV DC project needs 8 million kilovars of capacitors.Not only that, but also AC filtering andShunt capacitor, CommunicationPLCMore than 10 kinds of capacitor products such as capacitors are used.
With the rapid development of power grid construction, the national energy conservation and emission reduction work is in full swing, which provides a broad range of power capacitor industryMarket space。Capacitors and reactive power compensation are used to improve the power gridpower factor 、Energy Saving , improveVoltage qualityandPower lineConveying capacityThe understanding of the important role of such aspects is becoming more and more profound.
（2） Integrate resources and climb again
In the face of new opportunities and challenges in power construction, the development of power capacitor industry has great potential.In the face of good performance in the industry, Gao Xiaolin has always kept a clear head.2008 is a key year for the development of the industryPower production. The efficiency of transportation and use is improved to high parameter, high gradeEnergy saving productsThe industry is faced with great development space, but there are still some constraints.
The main problems in the industry are: insufficient investment in scientific research, some enterprises only deal with short-term and smooth market competition, lacking medium and long-term cooperationBasic theoryTechnology research;information construction Not enough effort,Product standardizationThere are also some shortcomings;In particular, the research and development of series compensation device is unsatisfactory, and there is still a certain gap compared with foreign products.
newMarket situationPut forward higher requirements to accelerateProduct structure adjustmentAnd become the main direction of the industry in the direction of large capacity, full film, serialization and complete technology.
Industry characteristics
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From the production characteristics, we can see thatMachinery manufacturingIt has the main characteristics of mainly discrete, supplemented by process and focusing on assembly.Take equipment manufacturing as an example,Production modeGenerally, it is composed of separate partsFinished products, which is a typical discrete industry.Although automobile manufacturing industry, such as die-castingsurface treatmentSuch processes belong to the category of flow type, but most processes are characterized by discrete processes.Based on the above industry characteristics, the machinery industryProduction and operationThe process has the following characteristics:
1 、Production planThe task of formulating and managing production tasks is heavy.
Typical discrete machinery manufacturing enterprises are mainly engaged in single piece, small batch productionProcessFrequent changes. Because production is mainly organized by order, it is difficult to predict when the order will arrive. Therefore, a good production planning system is required for purchase and workshop planning.
2. The level of automation is relatively low.
As the machinery manufacturing enterprises are mainly engaged in discrete processing, the product quality andproductivityIt largely depends on the technical level of workers. Automation is mainly at the unit level, such asnumerical control machine、flexible manufacturing system Etc.
Machinery industryproduct mixClear and definite.The product structure of machinery manufacturing enterprises can be described with the concept of number,Final productIt must be composed of a fixed number of parts or components, and these relationships are very clear and fixed.The characteristics of order oriented machinery manufacturing industry are multi variety and small batch.Therefore, the layout of production equipment in the machinery manufacturing industry is generally not based on products but on processes. The process of each product may be different, and there are multiple machine tools that can carry out the same process.Therefore, it is necessary to schedule the processed materials, andIntermediate productsHandling is required.
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Core viewpoints
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1. The machinery industry is closely related to the national economy and belongs toCyclical industry。At the same time, the industry is capital, technology and labor intensive, and the industry is in a mature stage,Growth rateLower.
2. There are many sub industries and products in the machinery industryCoverageExtensive, the technical level of the industry is uneven, except for a few advancedManufacturingMost industries do not haveMonopoly。At the same time, there is fierce competition within the industry, and productionConcentrationLow productivity, scientific research level can not catch up with innovation needs, and the industry as a wholeinvestment opportunity Less.
3. Due to the influence of the regional environment, the development of the machinery industry is unbalanced in the region, and the eastern region accounts forabsolute advantage，Central and western regionsBasically in a weak position.As the country continues to increase its efforts to develop the western region, this situation is gradually changing. Although the absolute volume of the eastern region continues to grow significantly, the proportion is declining.
4. From machinery industrySales output valueIn terms of distribution, machineryProduct marketMainlydomestic market demandPull type.The export of machinery products grew rapidly, but the overall production development was faster, and the share of export products was still limited, basically maintaining around 15% and 20%.
5. PetrochemicalGeneral machinery, agricultural machinery, instrumentation, machinery infrastructuretotal output valueIt is among the top four in the machinery industry, with the total industrial output value exceeding 100 billion yuan, accounting for 69% of the total output value of the machinery industry, and playing a pivotal role in the industry.
6. The construction machinery industry is the fastest growing sub industry of the machinery industry,profit marginIt ranks first in the machinery industry, followed by the petrochemical general machinery, instrumentation, mechanical infrastructure industry andFood packagingThe lowest profit rate of machinery industry and agricultural machineryoperating performance worst.
7. Selection of listed companies in our industrybasic principleYes: with the national economy and the countryFixed investmentClosely related and beneficial listed companies, andSubstantiveM&AListed companies with substantial growth in subject matter performance and subsequent sustained performance support.
In terms of quantity, more than half of the companies are engaged in the service industry, and more than 20% of multinational manufacturing enterprises have service revenue exceeding 50% of the total revenue.It is understood thatdeveloped countryThere are two "70% phenomenon", namelyValue added of service industryoccupygross domestic productThe manufacturing service industry accounts for 70% of the total service industry.
In recent yearstechnical progressUnder the promotion ofProduct serviceAnd other service fields related to products.Through unremitting efforts,Shanghai Electric, Shaangu GroupXCMGA group of leading enterprises have made good achievements in the development of modern manufacturing services and have explored some valuable experience.But generally speaking, the modern manufacturing service industry of China's machinery industry is still in its infancy.
our countryConstruction machinery industryThe modern manufacturing service industry is also relatively mature, and enterprises have begun to shift from product production competition to value chain value-added competition. The core value-added links have shifted from assembly manufacturing in the value chain to financial leasing, remanufacturing, parts supply, maintenanceUsed equipmentTransfer of service areas such as sales and logistics.For example, XCMG, a leading enterprise in the industry, has made certain achievements in "information construction, logistics supply, financial leasing, and remanufacturing".XCMG through call center, after-sales service and spare partsSpare parts management、Remote service、E-commerce platformConstruction, etc., extendedProduct value chainAnd gradually realize the transformation of enterprises from product manufacturing to value-added services.
In other machinery industries, some leading enterprises have also stepped up the pace of developing modern manufacturing services.For example, Shaangu Group has completed the transformation from selling products to selling solutions, from a single product supplier to a complete set of power equipment system solution provider and system service provider in recent yearsStrategic transformationAt the same time, it launched the financing of "financial enterprises+core enterprises+customer enterprises"Service mode。
In addition to the above traditional enterprises vigorously developing modern manufacturing services, China's machinery industry has also emergedFAWQimingBaosteelBaoxinWISCOAutomation, Dongfeng Dongpu and other typical modern manufacturing service enterprises.They were born in large-scale manufacturingenterprise groupsIn the process of serving the parent enterprise, it has formed its own core competitiveness and achieved independent development.Among them, FAW Qiming was in Shenzhen in 2008SME boardListed, according to its annual report, from 2008 to 2010, the companysales revenueCompound annual growth rateThe profit growth rate in 2009 and 2010 exceeded 22%.The development of modern manufacturing services is the fundamental reason for good performance.
In a word, the modern manufacturing service industry of China's machinery industry has made some achievements, but there is a big gap compared with the developed manufacturing countries,Development levelIt is still in the primary stage, and there areOverall scaleSmall, low level, unreasonable structure, structural reform andMechanism innovationLag and other problems.The backward development of modern manufacturing service industry has become a constraint to accelerate the adjustment of China's manufacturing industryindustrial structure、Change the mode of economic growthOfweak link 。
China is nowAccelerate the transformation of the mode of economic developmentThe proportion of China's service industry is low at present,national economyOverdependenceextensive growth In the future, in order to build China into a world manufacturing center and upgrade from a manufacturing power to an innovative and energy-saving manufacturing power, it is imperative to vigorously develop modern manufacturing services.
In the future, the scale of China's modern manufacturing service industry will grow rapidly.Taking the machinery industry as an example, according to the "Twelfth Five Year Plan" for the Development of Machinery Industry, during the "Twelfth Five Year Plan" period, the proportion of revenue from modern manufacturing services will increase significantly, and the proportion of revenue from modern manufacturing services of top 100 enterprises in the main business income will reach about 25%.In 2010,China's machinery industryThe main business income reached about 14 trillion yuan, including the top 100Enterprise incomeThe proportion is about 1/10.If the machinery industry increases by 10% annually during the "12th Five Year Plan" period, by 2015, the output value of modern manufacturing services created by the top 100 machinery enterprises alone will be close to 0.6 trillion yuan.
Close integration with information technology will be the key to the future modern manufacturing service industryDevelopment trend。Globally, the equipment manufacturing industry is moving towardsComprehensive informatizationStriding forward, all links such as R&D, design, procurement, manufacturing, management, marketing, service, maintenance, and maintenance are closely related to information technology,flexible manufacturing , network manufacturing, virtual manufacturinggreen manufacturing 、Numerical control technologyThe development of the new era is pushing equipment manufacturing to undergo tremendous changes, and the modern manufacturing service industry is one of the products of the changes.Machinery and equipment manufacturing is being vigorously promotedIntegration of industrialization and industrializationIt means to integrate information technology and high-tech extensively and accelerate the transformation of information technologyTraditional industriesTo improve the efficiency and success rate of design and R&D, and change theProduction modeSo as to promote the development of modern manufacturing services.
In the future, the focus of developing modern manufacturing service industry in mechanical equipment manufacturing industry will mainly focus on value-added services and optimizationsupply chain managementIt is carried out in two aspects, including the following directions:Supply chain management optimization；From single unit to complete set, EPC;Outsourcing auxiliary business;Specialization of service activities;Provide solutions for customers, etc.[1]
