Mr. Zhu Dongrun has been growing upBereavementIn 1907, he was funded by ethnic people and admittednanyang college Attached to primary school.Due to excellent performance and hard work, he was awarded Shanghai in 1910nanyang college superviseTang WenzhiSubsidize students to enter secondary schools.After that, he dropped out of school because of poverty and interruption of financial aid.Time valueRevolution of 1911Mr. Zhu Dongrun's three brothers participated in the campaign against the Qing DynastyArmed uprisingAnd was killed by the Qing army.The death of the third brother touched Mr. Zhu Dongrun very much. Throughout his life, he always held the purpose of loving the country and the people, opposing autocracy, and pursuing democracy.In the autumn of 1913, Mr. Zhu Dongrun enteredInstitute for Studying in England, studying in the UK and entering London the next yearSouthwest UniversityRead books and engage in translation after school to help pay tuition.At the beginning of 1916, Mr. Zhu Dongrun gave up his studies and resolutely returned to participate in the oppositionYuan Shikai's RestorationThe struggle to claim the throne.In 1917, Mr. Zhu Dongrun was recruited to teach in Guangxi Provincial No. 2 Middle School, and began his teaching career of more than 70 years.From 1919 to 1929, Mr. Zhu Dongrun returned to JiangnanNantong Normal Schoolteacher.[1]He took office in 1929WuHan UniversitySpecial lecturerWen YiduoEntrusted by MrHistory of Chinese Literary CriticismLater, he was promoted to associate professor and professor.After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, he left his wife and children in pain, angrily left his occupied home, and made a detourSoutheast AsiaAnd went to the southwest to fight for the survival of the nation.Chongqing in August 1942National Central UniversityProfessor, from the summer of 1947 toWuxi National CollegeTeach and later serveJiangnan UniversityProfessor.Served in the spring of 1951Qilu UniversityProfessor, changed his post in the autumn of the same yearHujiang UniversityProfessor.
In 1952, when the national colleges and universities were adjusted, Mr. Zhu Dongrun was transferred toFudan UniversityProfessor of the Department of Chinese Language and has been the head of the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Fudan University since 1957.After liberation, Mr. Zhu Dongrun devoted himself to the motherland with unprecedented enthusiasmcultural educationIn the "Cultural Revolution", he went through inhuman hardships, and his wife, Mrs. Zou Lianfang, died of injustice and humiliation because of her involvement. However, Mr. Zhu Dongrun, with his pride and integrity, refused to yield to the threat of evil forces.Comminution“Gang of Four”Later, in May 1979, Mr. Zhu Dongrun joined at the age of 83Communist Party of China, which shows his loyalty to communism and his integrity of being upright, standing by virtue and taking the world as his own duty, and reflects his spirit of pursuing truth and paying attention to science.
Mr. Zhu Dongrun's《Outline of the History of Chinese Literary Criticism》It is one of the earliest monographs on the history of literary criticism, and it is an influential foundation work in the pioneering period of the discipline.He has created nearly 10 biographies to promote ChinabiographyIt is one of the pioneers of modern biographical literature in China.[2]
Chronology
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December 4, 1896 (one year old)（Old CalendarOctober 30), bornJiangsuprovinceTaixingThe old house of Gongjia Lane in the county seat.Spectral nameIt belongs to the generation of "Shi" and is famous for Qin.His father, Shi An, and his mother, Li, were born in Taixing County. They were both 41 years old.Third brother: Shi Gan, Shi □, Shi Ying.
1899 (four years old) Second brother inlung diseaseDied prematurely.His father lost his job and his family was poor. He lived on pawn.
In 1904 (aged nine), Taixing County established a primary schoolMengxuetang。First entered Class C, promoted to Class B.
In 1905 (at the age of 10), he entered the government run higher primary school (called Dongmen University at that time), whose predecessor wasJinjiang Academy）Preparatory class.
On March 21 of the old calendar, my father died, 51 years old.
At the beginning of 1907 (12 years old), Shiying, the third elder brother, joined the army and entered the ninth town of the new army of the Qing Dynasty.Spring, graduated from kindergarten.Admitted as the firstJinjiang Primary School。Qiu, supported by the clansmen, went toShanghaiEnter oneself for an examinationnanyang college subsidiaryprimary school.Admitted, enrolled in the second grade.
In 1909 (at the age of 14), he won the first prize in the primary school group of the Nanyang Public School Chinese Language and Culture Conference. He won four yuan in prize《A hundred miscellaneous banknotes of classics and history》One.
In the summer of 1910 (15 years old), he graduated from the primary school affiliated to Nanyang Public School. Due to the poverty of his family and the interruption of clan support, he was ready to drop out of school.Qiu, head of Nanyang Gong SchoolTang WenzhiSupported by Mr., he was promoted to the Middle School Department of Nanyang Public School.
Zuo Zhuanxuan by Zhu Dongrun
On October 10, 1911 (16 years old),Wuchang Uprising。After the recovery of Shanghai, she joined the Nanyang Public School Patrol Team to protect the school.In October (September 18 of the old calendar), Shiying, the third brother, participated in the uprising in the ninth town of Jiangsu Province, organized a prison riot, and was killed by the Qing army in Nanjing at the age of 26.
In 1912 (17 years old), he finished his second grade in Nanyang Public School.Dropped out of school in autumn and entered ShanghaiWenming BookstoreProofread.At the end of the year, he joined the Commercial Press as the editorial assistant of Primary School Monthly for two months.
In 1913 (18 years old), he joined the study program in England.Autumn, by JapanNagasakiShip 9 went to Britain to study.
1914 (19 years old) Joined London PrivateSouthwest UniversityGo to school.Translate after class to help pay tuition, and the translation is published on《declare》Etc.
In the autumn of 1917 (22 years old), he applied to GuangxiWuzhou, foreign language teacher of Guangxi Provincial No. 2 Middle School.During the winter vacation, with colleagues Chen ZhuFeng ZhenIt is the same as visiting the scenic spots near Wuzhou, writing poems and advocating harmony, and printed with the Collection of Advocating Rewards in Winter Holiday.Wen Nanyang's public performance teacher diedElegiac coupletBecause he was not good at calligraphy, he asked someone to write for him, so he was determined to study calligraphy.
In 1918 (23 years old), he returned to Taixing during the summer vacation and got engaged.The woman's name is Zou Lianfang, 19 years old, a native of the county, and she works in Grade 3 of the county women's higher primary school.
In the summer of 1919 (24 years old), he resigned from the No. 2 Middle School of Guangxi Province.RetroactiveNantong Normal UniversityEngaged and concurrently served as Jiangsu Provincial No.7 Middle School（Nantong Middle School）Teachers.
At the beginning of 1920 (25 years old) (the end of the old calendar), he returned to Taixing and got married.School starts in spring, and we go to Nantong with our wife.
In 1921 (26 years old), he taught in Nantong Normal University.In October, the eldest son Junda was born.
In 1923 (aged 28), he taught at Nantong Normal University.The second son, Jun, was born.
Zhu Dongrun's Selected Literary Works of Chinese Past Dynasties
In 1926 (31 years old), he taught in Nantong Normal University.The eldest daughter was born.
In late June 1927 (32 years old), he was invited to Nanjing to serve as the Secretary of the Political Conference Office of the Central Committee.On the 80th day of Nanjing, because of dissatisfaction with official corruption and political darkness, he resigned in mid September and returned to Nantong Normal School to teach (renamed as Zhang Jian Middle School at that time).
In April 1929 (34 years old), he left Nantong and applied for WuchangWuHan University, as a preparatory English teacher.Dean of LiteratureWen YiduoAsk for English Chinese classics andChinese literatureTwo courses on the history of criticism, and arrange a year to prepare handouts on the history of Chinese literary criticism.
In 1930 (35 years old), he taught in Wuhan University.Xia, the eldest son Junda suffers from troublesmeningitisHe died young in his hometown at the age of eleven.
In 1931 (36 years old), the new campus of Wuhan University was completed.Served as a course of Chinese literary criticism and writing, and《Literary and Philosophical Quarterly》He published research papers on Chinese literary criticism and became a professor of the Chinese Department.
Zhu Dongrun's Selected Literary Works of Past Dynasties in China
In 1933 (38 years old), he taught at Wuhan University.The Book of SongsResearch papers successively《Quarterly Journal of Literature and History》Published: 1. National Style Originated from the Theory of Doubt; 2. The Theory of Large and Small Poems; 3. The Theory of Ancient Poems; 4. The Theory of Poetic Mind Originated from the World (an introduction is added later, which is collected as Four Essays on Reading Poetry, published by the Commercial Press in 1940).
In August 1937 (42 years old), the national war of resistance began.In autumn, teaching in Wuhan University stopped gradually.During the winter vacation, I went back to Taixing via Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Shanghai.After marriage, the salary was reduced and the new house was initially completed.
He lived in Taixing in 1938 (aged 43).Temporary part-time courses at Taixing Branch of Shanghai Huguang Middle School.In September, the youngest son Jun Mai was born.In November, he received a telegram from Wuhan University and ordered to go to SichuanLeshanCheck in.At the beginning of December, I left home for Sichuan, and went from Shanghai to Hong Kong firstVietnam?, and then enter Sichuan through Yunnan and Guizhou.
In 1940 (aged 45), he taught in Wuhan University, Leshan.startbiographyResearch, writing the Development of Chinese Biographical Literature, etc.
In 1941 (aged 46), he taught in Wuhan University, Leshan.He wrote "Narration of Biographical Literature of the Eight Dynasties".Start writing《Great biography of Zhang Juzheng》。
In August 1942 (47 years old), he resigned from Wuhan University and left Leshan.Go to Chongqing and teach inNational Central University。The writing of Textual Research on the Later Han Dynasty has been completed.
Zhu Dongrun's On Du Fu
In 1943 (aged 48), he taught inChongqing Central University。Besides teaching, it focuses on biographical literature research and writing.《Great biography of Zhang Juzheng》Done.Published by Kaiming Bookstore.《Outline of the History of Chinese Literary Criticism》, Commentary on Chinese Literature Criticism, Textual Research on Historical Records and other works have been successively published by Kaiming Bookstore.He wrote the Great Biography of Wang Shouren (this book has not been published yet, and the manuscript was lost in ten years of turmoil).
In August 1945 (50 years old), the Anti Japanese War was won.In September, Taixing was liberated for the first time.
In June 1946 (51 years old), he returned to Nanjing together with master students from middle school.While teaching in the Chinese Department of Central UniversityWuxi Traditional Chinese SchoolCourses.Taixing was liberated for the second time.
In the autumn of 1947 (52 years old), he went to Wuxi National Studies Specialized School to teach.
In the spring of 1950 (55 years old), Jiangnan University set up a joint meeting of teachers, students and staff, and was promoted as the chairman. Soon after that, the university dismissed him.Qiu, writtenStudy on Chu CiFour papers: I《songs of the people of ChuandPoetry of the South》2. Author of Lisao; 3. Wang An and His Works in Huainan; 4. Qu Fu beyond Lisao.Put forward different opinions on the author and the times of Chuci.
Zhu Dongrun's Great Biography of Zhang Juzheng
In the spring of 1951 (56 years old), he went to work in Beijing People's Publishing House.Not long ago, I went to Jinan, the authorQilu UniversityDepartment of History.《Poetry of the South》Four papers, recommended by Ye Shengtao, have been published on《Guangming Daily》。After the article was publishedGuo MoruoAnd other criticisms, but no reply was given.Continuation of "Emperor Gaoyang's Miao Descendants"Syndrome thinning》Two articles of Shuzheng (unpublished).Autumn, break awayQilu University, to ShanghaiHujiang UniversityProfessor of Chinese Department.
1952（fifty-sevenYears old) joinedChina Democratic Alliance。In October, due to the adjustment of the department, he was transferred to Fudan University as a professor of the Chinese Department.
In January 1959 (64 years old), he returned to Taixing.It is proposed to donate houses and run libraries on behalf of local governments.Qiu, three works on the study of Lu You were completed (published by Zhonghua Book Company from 1960 to 1962)
In February 1960 (65 years old), participated inShanghaiThe staff and workers' consolation group of Northwest Construction of Shaanxi went to Shaanxi, GansuNingxiaandQinghaiFour provinces, condolencesFulcrumworkers.In August, participate in the newCihaiApproval work.
Zhu Dongrun's Selected Literary Works of Past Dynasties in China
In February 1961 (sixty-six years old), he attended the National Conference on Liberal Arts Textbooks, and was designated as the liberal arts textbook "Chinese Past Dynasties"literary worksSelections, chief editor.Start withEast China Normal UniversityShanghai Normal University cooperated in the compilation of Selected Literary Works of Past Dynasties in China.
In March 1962 (67 years old), he was invited toSuzhouJiangsu Normal Universitygive lectures.In the autumn, the first two volumes of Selected Literary Works of Chinese Past Dynasties were published by the Fudan Chinese Department.
In August 1964 (sixty-nine years old), he returned to Taixing to negotiate with the local government on housing donation.Invited toTaixing Middle SchoolFor the whole countySenior ChineseThe teacher made a speech.In December, the Annals of Mei Yaochen Collection was basically completed.Consider the next biographical writing plan and draft it《Biography of Su Shi》, prepared to give up nearly a year later and switch toDu Fu、Chen ZilongIs the research object.
In 1965 (70 years old), he again proposed to the Culture and Education Bureau of Taixing County to donate housing for the library.At the beginning of December (at the end of October in the old calendar), I was seventy years old and traveled with my wifeNanxiangGuyi Garden。
In 1966 (71 years old), the "Cultural Revolution" began.In June, school teaching stopped gradually.The professor was criticized and his salary was cancelled.
In 1967 (72 years old), he was sent toBaoshan CountyChangxing Island, Luodian, etc.During this period, he planned to write a biography for a working woman to praise the perseverance and hard work of Chinese women.
1968 (73 years old) at schoolLabor reform, continue to accept criticism.On November 30, the wife could not bear the mental and medical torture and died with injustice.Granddaughter was also sent to the countrysideQueue jumping and settlement。Living alone, prepare for hardships.
In 1969 (74 years old), he went to Luodian again to work. He once marched with young students in the middle of the night. It was dark and he was breathless. He persisted tenaciously, but fortunately he did not fall down.thereafterheart diseaseRepeated offense.
1970 (75 years old) worked in school.Restore salary treatment.
In 1976 (81 years old), he smashed the Gang of Four.startDu Fu's NarrationWriting.
In 1977 (82 years old), he continued to write Du Fu's Commentary.
In 1978 (83 years old), he was rehabilitated and all slanders and untruths were overthrown.Restore the position of the head of the Chinese Department and re chair the work of the Chinese Department.Postgraduates of Tang and Song literature are recruited.Revise three books on Mei Yaochen.
In January 1979 (84 years old), Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Fudan UniversityAlleyHold the anti Zhaoxue conference for Zou Lianfang.In May, Biography of Mei Yaochen was published by Zhonghua Book Company.
In October 1980 (85 years old), Selected Poems of Mei Yaochen was published by the People's Literature Press.In November《Notes on the Annals of Mei Yaochen's Collection》Published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House.
In 1981 (at the age of 86), he resigned as the head of the Chinese Department and became honorary director.In March《Du Fu's Narrative Theory》Published by People's Literature Publishing House.The revised "Four Essays on Reading Poetry" in November (renamed as《Three Hundred Poems》）, published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House.Autumn, go to Beijing to participatethe Academic Degrees Committee of the State CouncilAt the first session, he served as a member of the Liberal Arts Review Group and the first batch of liberal artsDoctoral supervisor。Revise the research papers on Chinese literature over the years, and collect them into the Collection of Chinese Literature.Preparation《Chen Zilong and His Times》Writing.Taixing County Government sent personnel to Shanghai to negotiate the acceptance of donated houses.
Written in 1982 (87 years old)《Chen Zilong and His Times》。On August 1, Taixing County Government held a handover ceremony for donated houses.He sent three sons, Jun Dao and three women, Hui Ru, as representatives to participate in the event. He donated 24 houses, more than 4000 books and magazines and some furniture for free.
In March 1983 (eighty-eight years old), The Collection of Chinese Literature was published by Zhonghua Book Company.
In January 1984 (89 years old), Chen Zilong and His Times was published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House.
Zhu Dongrun's Outline of the History of Chinese Literary Criticism
In 1986 (91 years old), he wrote the Biography of Yuan Haowen.The health condition is gradually declining, and teaching and writing are still not slack.In December and June, the Chinese Department of Fudan UniversityShanghai Writers AssociationThe Taixing County Party Committee and the County Government jointly held the "Commemoration of Professor Zhu Dongrun's 90th birthday and 70th year of teaching" in the Shanghai Writers Association Auditorium.
In 1987 (ninety-two years old), he was hospitalized for several times. After treatment and discharge, he still insisted on his work. He encouraged himself by "the teacher finally gave a lecture" and continued to guide doctoral thesis and write biography.At the beginning of December《Yuan Haowen》It is initially written.On the 18th, doctoral student Li XiangnianThesis defensePassed.On the 20th, due to the whole bodyjaundice, reentryChanghai HospitalGet treatment.
Zhu Dongrun, a famous biographer historian in China, has written《Great biography of Zhang Juzheng》, The Great Biography of Wang Shouren《Lu Youchuan》, Biography of Mei Yaochen and other influential biographies.Zhu Dongrun not only describes the life of a historical celebrity through his works, but also shows the changes of history and times through the stories of these characters. He is called the first person who really opens up the field of modern Chinese biographical literature.However, among Zhu Dongrun's few excellent biographical works, one is not titled with historical celebrities, it isBiography of Li Fangzhou。The Biography of Li Fangzhou is one of the rare works in Chinese biographical history that writes books for ordinary Chinese housewives. Even Li Fangzhou has no one in history. Her prototype is actually Zou Lianfang, Zhu Dongrun's wife of 49 years.
In 1920, Zhu Dongrun, a 23-year-old English teacher in Nantong Middle School, married Zou Lianfang, who was 4 years younger than him, under the arrangement of his family.After his marriage, he became more affectionate to Zou Lianfang. They had four sons and three daughters. The family lived happily.
Shortly after the Anti Japanese War broke out in 1937, Zhu Dongrun was transferred to SichuanIn collegeAfter eight years of teaching, Zhu Dongrun and Zou Lianfang separated for eight years.For eight years, Zou Lianfang was in charge of the whole family's affairs alone. When the bomb of the Japanese plane fell, she asked the whole family to hide under the bed in the room and not to go out. However, she used her courage to rush around and run in and out.Price riseWhen the currency depreciates, she will buy a lot of materials in advance and take them out when it is difficultBarter。Some people saw her working too hard and advised her to give some of her children to Zhu Dongrun in Sichuan to take care of them. She was afraid of accidents on the way and did not listen.It was not until the end of the Anti Japanese War that she let her eldest daughter Zhu Qingyu carry a bucket of crab oil she boiled to Sichuan to visit Zhu Dongrun.
During the war, people were uneasy. Zhu Dongrun's friends and other teachers in the college jumped out of the room because they could not endure the long-term lonelinessArranged marriageZhu Dongrun's feelings for Zou Lianfang have never changed.For eight years, he often exchanged letters with Zou Lianfang to send love.Later, Zhu Dongrun expressed his yearning for his wife in a poem in "The Biography of Li Fangzhou": the fragrance of the precious mirror in the autumn was cold, and the report from the garrison tower was late.I hope he will meet again and grow up to wait for his eyebrows.In the reality of China at that time, men could pursue another happiness, while women were almost impossible. He thought that since one person wanted to pursue happiness, another person also had the freedom to pursue happiness, why not join hands to pursue happiness?
In 1946, Zhu Dongrun returned to Zou Lianfang's side, and the family finally reunited.1949The People's Republic of ChinaShortly after its founding, Zhu Dongrun was transferred to ShanghaiFudan UniversityRen is a professor of the Chinese Department, and three generations of his family live a happy life.In the early 1960s, Zhu Dongrun took part in a consolation group to visit the construction workers in the northwest. He kept writing letters to Zou Lianfang, who had never been away in his life, to share his new feelings in the northwest.He saw it in the northwestethnic minorityI sent them to Zou Lianfang and kept telling her what was going on outside.
In the autumn of 1965, Zhu Dongrun, nearly 70 years old, came with Zou LianfangNanxiangOfGuyi GardenZhu Dongrun did not expect that this trip would be the last one for him and Zou Lianfang in his lifetime.In 1966, the powerful "Cultural Revolution" storm quickly swept across the country, including Fudan University.Zhu Dongrun was first identified asreactionary academic authorityCriticism and struggle immediately became the whole of his daily life.The students from the school came and asked him to kneel on the clothes cleaning board and take the JapaneseMachetePut it on his neck and ask him to admit that he is a ghost.The stubborn old man would never lower his head, and the tough wife did something that ordinary people could not imagine. A big character newspaper written by Zou Lianfang appeared in the big character newspaper of Fudan University that criticized Zhu Dongrun.Zou Lianfang made complaints for Zhu Dongrun, cried for his grievances and fought for him.In the big character newspaper, she recounted how Zhu Dongrun worked hard and selflessly, never thinking about his own affairs. He was a good man, and people should not treat him like this... Zou Lianfang was naive at that time, and in that age when right and wrong were reversed, her practice was undoubtedly to ignite fire.After liberation, Zou Lianfang volunteered to help the government set up sewing classes, which solved the employment problem of some people, and later ran them in Fudan Universitystaff can Be conscientious.However, in the "Cultural Revolution", these behaviors she once did were immediately defined as exploitation, and she immediately became the key target of criticism.
Zou Lianfang, who has a strong personality, has never bowed to difficulties in his long life.In 1930, Junda, the eldest son, died of illness. She gritted her teeth and survived the loss of her son;In 1948, Xiuruo, her second daughter, died of illness, and she persisted;In the eight years of the War of Resistance against Japan, she managed her family's affairs without any ability or fear. Because behind all this, Zhu Dongrun's consistent love for her gave her great encouragement and support, letting her know that there is hope when there is love. But this time Zhu Dongrun could not even save himself. Zou Lianfang began to feel desperate, and she had the idea of suicide.Zhu Dongrun found out and tried every means to comfort her, but he had to go to school every day to accept a whole day of criticism. He could not take care of Zou Lianfang. His son had to go to work in the daytime, and his grandchildren had already moved to the countryside to join the queue.She felt lonely at home alone, hopeless and afraid, so she chose such a path.On the afternoon of November 30, 1968, Zou Lianfang hanged herself in her home.She left Zhu Dongrun only oneconstituent string, it says: Dongrun, IOne step aheadI left the money in my pocket.
At 6 p.m., Zhu Dongrun, 72, dragged his tired body home and saw his youngest son, Jun Mai, waiting for him on the road.Jun Mai led Zhu Dongrun from Handan Road to Guoqing RoadSiping RoadGo around toGuoquan Road, finally backGuonian RoadIn our dormitory.Jun Mai said to Zhu Dongrun, "Be calm." Zhu Dongrun immediately understood what had happened.Zou Lianfang has gone forever, and this year is 50 years since she and Zhu DongrunGolden weddingOnly one year to go.Zhu Dongrun suddenly lost his shape and lost his voice.The shock of losing Zou Lianfang entangled him for five years, and he was slightly relieved later.
Zou Lianfang's body was hastily cremated because she committed suicide, and her ashes were not allowed to be retained, while Zhu Dongrun even went thereCrematoriumYou have no right to see Zou Lianfang for the last time.On the second day after Zou Lianfang was cremated, a protest meeting was held in the lane to protest Zou Lianfang's exploitation and suicide for fear of crime.Zhu Dongrun described this in his autobiography: "After 50 years of marriage, I shed tears because of farewells and memories. But after her death, I had no tears, so I just smiled. From that day on, until today, I have experienced many hardships, but I have never shed tears.Zhu Dongrun said that the spring of his life would never come again.“
When his wife was alive, her voice, face and smile often appeared in front of him.Her innocence and bravery, simplicity and kindness are the noble character of countless ordinary Chinese housewives who silently devote their lives to love and family.So the lonely and stubborn Zhu Dongrun began to write a biography for his dead wife in spite of the danger of being checked by the family at any time.Forced by the situation, he adopted a pseudonym, which gave birth to the Biography of Li Fangzhou.The end of "Biography of Li Fangzhou" did not fall on the death of Zou Lianfang, but stayed on the 70th birthday of Zhu Dongrun and Zou Lianfang's trip in 1965NanxiangGuyi Garden, that was their last trip together."When I met you in the past, I got off the bus and bowed three times. When I was alive, I lived in the same room and died in the same cave. It was like a bright sun rising up in the sky. I said that my life experience would be forever protected, but I never knew that it would destroy the wind and smoke overnight. Alas! Although this body is being repaired, the old man will cry like a spring of tears." Zhu Dongrun used his poems to conclude the "Biography of Li Fangzhou", and also found a place to place his feelings with Zou Lianfang on.
Half a century of love still failed to withstand the political storm, but Zhu Dongrun left an unusual biography in the storm.This book records Zou Lianfang's hard life, and also expresses Zhu Dongrun's infinite memory of his wife.In January 1979, Fudan University held a conference to rehabilitate Zou Lianfang.When the sad music sounded, everyone cried, but Zhu Dongrun was still in awe, because he knew that Zou Lianfang could neither hear nor see it.[1]
Anecdotes of scholars
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During the "Great Leap Forward" period, the Chinese Department once held a "Leap Forward Conference" to encourage everyone to "muster up their energy" once again and strive for "more, faster, better and cheaper" work.After students and teachers came on stage one after another, determined to "advance" one by one and "advance" the other, everyone "pushed" Mr. Zhu Dongrun onto the platform and asked him to take a position.He sat there without saying a word, but at this time he was like an arrow in the bow. He would not step down without a "leap".After much hesitation, he finally spoke in the voice of urging.He looks like he wants to go to hell.He said that it was originally scheduled to be completed in five years《Lu Youchuan》、《Lu You Study》、《Selected Poems of Lu You》The three books were four years ahead of schedule.Now we are determined to complete it one year ahead of schedule and three years ahead of schedule.Unexpectedly, his painfully determined attitude still caused a lot of laughter.The indicators pointed out at that time are calculated by month. One year is too long, let alone three years!People urged him to "work hard" and speed up a little more, but he refused to change his words any more, just sighed helplessly: "This is already very tense, and can't be advanced any more!"
Three years passed quickly.After the "leap forward" fades, people have long forgotten the pride of the past.However, Mr. Zhu Dongrun completed and published three of his works on schedule.
HisThe Book of SongsThe research is most famous for the saying that "national style does not come from the folk".In his article "The National Style Is Questioned by the Folk", the author of the poem mostly demonstrates the status, circumstances, obedience, and servants mentioned in the National Style, either by himself, or by the people who are related to him, or by the people he sings, and all of them areruling classTherefore, his poems are also poems of the ruling class.There are three main reasons to refute the theory that "the national style stems from the folk":
1. All the works before and at the same time of Three Hundred and Five Poems, which were seen in Zhong Ding's simple strategies, were the works of princes and officials.Why do folk works stop here and not there?
2. That is to say, the representative works of "folk songs" identified by those who hold the "folk song theory" are Guan Ju and Ge Qin. The "gentleman" and "lady" in Guan Ju are not common folk names;“marital harmony”"Bell and drum", a non folk musical instrument;Ge Qin“Shi Shi”, which is not available to the public.
3. The culture of future generations is higher thanPrevious generationWhy did the folk three thousand years ago write about it《National style》The folk songs of later generations are far behind?
He added the following two evidences:
1、“《Mandarin》The meaning of the so-called poetry offering by Lenin should be the ruling class. "
2. According to《Preface to Mao's Poems》The author of 69 articles whose title can be obtained from the test is the ruling class.Another testThree PoetsSay, also get 4.The most wonderful part of his argument is that he is the ruling class according to the article of ShiPoetEvery 80 articles, so that their views have a strong persuasive.
His most famous "National Style Is Not Out of the Folk", "National Style Is Out of the Folk", was ignored by many people when it was published at that time. If it can be avoided, it was avoided, and almost did not cause great impact at that time.[5]
Main works
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Collection of Chinese Literary Criticism, ShanghaiKaiming Book CompanyRepublic of China 36 [1947]
In 1952, Zhu Dongrun's semi cursive script was collected in Taixing Museum
Zhu Dongrun is in the collection of Taixing Museum with six screens (two missing) of Mao Gongding in Jinwen
Character evaluation
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Mr. Zhu Dongrun's noble character makes people who have ever contacted him and been taught by him unforgettable forever.As early as 1913, he joined the KuomintangOrgan newspaperGonglun Daily (byWu Zhihui、Cai YuanpeiEtc.);In 1916, he gave up his studies in Britain and returned to participate in the oppositionhigh Qing officialThe struggle to claim the throne;In 1937, the Anti Japanese War broke out in an all-round way. Mr. Zhu resolutely left his family behind, braved the flames everywhere and traveled thousands of miles to bypass Hong Kong and VietnamRear area。On“the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution”In China, Mr. Zhu was severely hit, but he refused to yield, refused to "bow his head and plead guilty", and even dared to wrestle with the person who pushed his head.In that chaotic era, his iron character was famous in Quan Fudan.Mr. Zhu has experienced countless waves in his life. He has always closely linked the fate of individuals and the fate of the nation. During his long education and academic career, his will has always been to make every effort to build a new culture in China and to publicize his effortsNational spirit。However, no matter what misfortune and difficulties he encountered, he never lost heart and never gave up his efforts. He believed that as long as people persevered in their struggle, this nation would always have a bright future.[4]
