synonymThe moon is bright in my hometown(Du Fu's verse) Generally refers to the memory of my brother on a moonlit night
"Moonlight Remembers My Brother" is a poet of Tang DynastyDu FuA song createdpentasyllabic regulated verse。In the poem, the brothers were separated due to the chaos of war, lived in no fixed place, heard nothing, and their life and death were uncertain.In the white dew season, the poet's anxiety and yearning for his brothers became more profound and intense against the sound of the garrison drums and the wailing of lonely geese.The first two couplets of this poem focus on the scenery, and the last two couplets focus on lyricism. They blend feelings and scenes, have a rigorous structure, and echo from the beginning to the end.The words in the support couplet are simple but mean new police. The inverted sentence pattern has an extraordinary effect after the premise of "dew" and "moon", and the premise of "white" and "bright".The whole poem is exquisite in language, gloomy and sad in style, sincere and touching.
Guard drums and cut off people⑵The sound of wild geese in autumn⑶。
The dew is white tonight⑷The moon is bright in my hometown.
All brothers are scattered⑸No family asks about life and death⑹。
The length of the book is not enough⑺, Kuang is still fighting⑻。[1]
Annotation translation
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Word and sentence annotation
⑴my younger brother: A modest title for his brother.Du Fu has four younger brothersDu ZhanWith the poet in Qinzhou,Du Ying、Du Guan、Du FengThey are scattered all over the country, so poets write poems after recalling them.
⑵drums of garrison troops: It refers to the drum sound of the garrison building reporting the change.From dusk to dawn, there are five periods calledFifth watch。Generally, when the third watch is announced, no pedestrians are allowed on the road.Cut off people: refers to the curfew that begins after the drum sounds.Break.
⑷ "Lu Cong" sentence: it means to meet tonightWhite dewSolar Term.Bailu, one of the 24 solar terms, starts around September 8 every year in the Gregorian calendar.《Monthly Order 72 Waiting Solution》: "August Festival... Yin Qi is getting heavier, dew is congealing and white."
(5) Decentralization: one is "detention".
(6) No home: Du FuziTrimbleAfter five years (746 years) of leaving the former residence of Luhun Village in Yanshi, Henan Province, there were no relatives in my hometown, so I couldn't ask my brothers for information.
(7) Letter: letter.Long: Always, always.No delivery: no delivery.Da, a "avoid".
(8) What's more: what's more.Armistice: Stop the war.[2-5]
Vernacular translation
The drums on the garrison tower cut off people's comings and goings. In the autumn of the frontier fortress, a solitary goose was crying.
Since this night, the White Dew Solar Term has officially entered, and the moon is still the brightest and clearest in my hometown.
Although I have brothers, they are scattered in the war. I am homeless and cannot inquire about my brothers' lives.
The letters I sent to Luoyang often cannot be delivered, not to mention the war of An Shi Rebellion has not stopped.[6]
Creation background
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This poem is Tang Suzongbeginning of creationIn the autumn of the second year (759), Du Fu was inQinzhou(The place of governance is Tianshui, Gansu)An Shi RebellionIt has been four years since the outbreak.In July of the second year of the Qianyuan era, Du FuIowa He abandoned his official position and took his family to live in Qinzhou.Qinzhou City is located inLiupan Mountaina spurLongshanAt that time, it was a remote border county in the west.In September of the same year,Shi SimingfromFan YangLead troops southward to captureBianzhouShandong and Henan were in the midst of war when they moved westward to Luoyang.Du Fu's younger brothers were scattered around the area at that time. Due to the war, they were not heard from, which caused him strong anxiety and yearning.This poem is a true record of his thoughts and feelings at that time.[7-8]
Appreciation of works
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Literary appreciation
In classical poetry, thinking about relatives and friends is a common theme. This kind of work should try to avoid mediocrity and unconventional. It is not enough to rely on the author's life experience alone. It must also be ingenious in the way of expression.Du Fu showed his true colors in dealing with such common themes.
The first couplet begins abruptly and unevenly.The title is "Moonlight Night", but the poet did not start from the Moonlight Night, but first described a picture of the frontier fortress in autumn: "Stop the drums and stop people walking, and the sound of geese in autumn." Stop people walking along the road, and write what you see;Garrison the sound of wild geese on drums and write what you hear.It was a bleak scene in all ears and eyes.The heavy and monotonous drums and the cries of lonely geese in the sky not only did not bring any vitality, but also made the already desolate frontier fortress even more desolate and silent."Breaking people's way" points out the social environment, indicating that wars are frequent and fierce, and roads are blocked.The two lines of poetry exaggerate a heavy and sad atmosphere, which is the background of "Moonlight Night".
The supporting couplet points."The dew is white tonight", which not only depicts the scenery, but also points out the festival.It was a white dew night. The dew was full, and it made me feel cold."The moon is bright in my hometown", which is also a picture, but it is slightly different from the previous sentence.What the poet wrote is not completely an objective reality, but a combination of his own subjective feelings.It is clear that there is a bright moon in the whole world. There is no difference, but the moon in my hometown is the brightest;Obviously, it is my own psychological illusion, and it is undeniable to say so definitely.However, this technique of using illusion to create truth does not make people feel unreasonable, because it profoundly expresses the poet's subtle psychology and highlights his feelings for his hometown.These two sentences are also very effective in sentence refining. What they want to say is "Tonight will be revealed" and "Hometown will be bright on the moon". Just changing the word order, the tone will be particularly vigorous and powerful.From here, we can also see Du Fu's ability to transform flat plates into magic.The above four sentences are written casually. If you don't pay attention, they seem to have nothing to do with my brother, but in fact they are not.Not only did he look at the moon and remember his hometown and write a "memory", that is, hearing the drum, the sound of wild geese, and the cold dew, all of which made the poet feel sad and lead to the feeling of missing.In fact, I remember my brother every word.
The neck couplet changes from watching the moon to expressing feelings, which is very natural.Moonlight often attracts people's imagination, which is more likely to evoke homesickness.Today, the poet has experienced turmoil, and in this cold moonlight night, naturally, he has a different taste in his heart.His lingering melancholy was mixed with the anxiety of parting in life and death, and his tone was particularly painful."All brothers are scattered, and no family asks about life and death." The last sentence said that brothers are scattered, and the world is far from each other;The next sentence says that the family has disappeared, and life and death are difficult to predict. It is so sad and heartbreaking that people cannot bear to read it.These two poems also summarize the common experience of the people who suffered a lot during the An Shi Rebellion. The lyric contains a progressive relationship, and the tragic and rich feelings are developed.
The tail couplet "The length of the book is not enough, and the situation is not the end of the war". The neck couplet further expresses the anxiety of the heart.Relatives are scattered everywhere, and letters are often not delivered at ordinary times. What's more, wars are still frequent, and life and death are more difficult to predict.These two sentences can be understood as that letters can never be delivered at ordinary times. What's more, in these years of war and chaos, this is to push aside and comfort myself, but in fact, it is showing helpless sadness;It can also be understood that sending letters is not good enough, which is already a matter of concern. What's more, at this time of war, we are more worried about the safety of our brothers because of the war.The poem itself provides a variety of possibilities for understanding, which shows its artistic charm of simplicity and righteousness.Implicit and implicit, a knot of infinite affection.
The whole poem is well arranged, with the beginning and end of the poem corresponding to each other, inheriting maturity and rigorous structure."If the army is not suspended", people will "stop walking"; if they look at the moon, they will "remember their brother"; if they have no home, they will "send books"; if people are "scattered", they will "die or live" unknown, and they will be able to complete the sentence in one breath.During the An Shi Rebellion, Du Fu was displaced from place to place and prepared for hardships. He was worried about both his family and his country.At the slightest touch, a myriad of thoughts will flow from the bottom of the pen, so the common theme of homesickness and homesickness is written in such a sad and gloomy way.[7-8]
Comments of famous experts
Northern Song DynastyWang Dechen《Zhu Shi》: Du Zimei is good at using things and common words. If he is more detached or inverted, his words will be sound and his body will be solemn, and his meaning will be deep and stable.Such as "The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown".
Southern Song DynastyYu Wenbao《Sword Blowing Record》: Du Gong Bu's exile from the military revolution was even more painful, and his poems were more sorrowful. The poem "Remembering My Brother" said: "Stop the drums and cut off people's travel, and a wild goose sounds in autumn. The dew is white from tonight, and the moon is bright in his hometown."...... His deep thinking and bitter feelings make people sad and sad to read it.
the Ming dynastyZhong Xing、Tan Yuanchun《Return of Tang Poetry》: Zhong Yun: Just talk about the state, and the reciprocation of feelings is unspeakable (under the two sentences of "Lu Cong").
the Ming dynastyWeekly feedback《Tang poetry selects pulse, meets general comment Lin》：Liu ChenwengSaid: Shallow language makes people sad.Zhou Yao said, "Three or four words on a moonlit night, five or six officials recalling their younger brother, the last sentence should start.".The so-called "people are scarce and books are not available, so soldiers can see why".The war is endless, the road is blocked, the sound and books are deserted, the survival is difficult to guarantee, and the words of heartbreak and heartbreak are hard to read.
the Ming dynastyWang Sishi《Du Yi》: Only "the sound of a wild goose" is brother Yi.Remembering my brother's bright moon makes me feel more white. But the moon is not as bright as my hometown. Remembering my brother's reason in my hometown, I can change the scenery because of different feelings.
the Ming dynastyTang Ruxun《Tang Poetry Interpretation》: When the night is stirring, people will walk in silence. At this time, I hear the voice of lonely geese. I have already read about my younger brother, and the dew starts to turn white after autumn. Is it clear that the moon shines on my hometown?My younger brother Yan is scattered and has no home. I don't know where he is when I ask him about his life and death.It is particularly difficult to send books at ordinary times.When the war is not over, the road is cut off, and there is hope of sound and dust?
the Qing dynastyWu Qiao《A poem on the enclosure》: The last four sentences of "A Moonlight Night Remembers My Brother" are a step deeper.
the Qing dynastyQiu Zhao'ao"Detailed Notes to Du Shi": the fourth part is the scene of moonlit night, and the fourth part is the memory of my brother."Hometown" sentence, thinking of home to the moon, is to close the door.
the Qing dynastyJi YunRating《Ying Kui's Legal Pulp was wrongly published》He Yimen: "Garrison the drum" and "not stop the army";"One wild goose" promotes "sending books".5、 Sixth, I am recalling my younger brother.Ji Yun: In the midst of fairness and uprightness, one should forgive oneself.Anonymous (B): turn every sentence."Shugu" is the leading sentence, which is suddenly followed by "the sound of wild geese".
the Qing dynastyZhang Qianyi"On the Poems of Youzhai": "Stop the drum and cut off people's travel, and there is a sound of wild geese in autumn." If it is "a sound of wild geese", it will be shallow;"The sound of a wild goose" calms down.The preciousness of poetry is determined only when the word pattern is reversed.
the Qing dynastyPuqilong《Read Du Xinjie》: Fourth, suddenly, if you are not my younger brother, your spirit is to remember my younger brother every word and there is soul in every sentence."The length of the book is not enough", which is still acceptable at ordinary times. "The situation has not stopped", which can guarantee nothing?Two sentences are written from five to sixNot "the moon is near", but "the moon is", which makes both places hanging.
the Qing dynastyYang Lun《Du Shijing Quan》: Sadness can't be read much.Rise abruptly (under the two sentences of "garrison drum").
the Qing dynastyLu KunCollection of Du Gong Bu in Five Color Approvals: Yang Shenyun: The sentence "bright moon and white dew" in Zijiang Yan's Biefu is divided into two sentences, which is well cut and deeply displayed. It really steals white fox fur.Wang ShenzhongYun: Three, four best.However, it is difficult to distinguish the elegant sentence from the poor one.5、 Six are ancient.However, it is difficult to distinguish between the shallow sentence above and the deep sentence below.
Liu Jun in the Qing Dynasty《Comments on Du Fu's Poems》：Li YinduCloud: There is no one in the starting place, and the wild geese can be heard independently, while the original thinking is moving.It is also said that after the white dew, the autumn will be clear and the moon will be bright. Therefore, it is said that "the hometown will be bright", which is hard to say.However, if we don't follow the flesh and blood, we will be empty."The moon is the brightness of my hometown", which is just like the people in my hometown.The moon is not human, so homesickness is better.Youyun: The situation is related, and you can find it after careful searching.Wu Qingbaiyun: "Shugu" is the leading sentence, which is suddenly followed by "the sound of geese". It's wonderful.Youyun: Every sentence turns.
Lu Xuan and Wang Pu in the Qing Dynasty《Wen Hexuan's Early Tang Dynasty Modern Style Reader》: Chen Degongyun: Zhang Falao Mi.Lu Youyun: Five and six Zhis are used as the pledge language to counter the sentiments.
modernYu Diyun《On poetic conception》: The poem said that on the desolate night after the war, there was no one in the middle of the field. The drum guard was heavy outside, but I heard a wild goose crying in the sky.Three words of white dew in the empty garden, this evening is the new autumn, I am in another place, but I have the moonlight to raise my head and share this brightness with my hometown.The last four sentences can be divided into several layers: when there are younger brothers, they are scattered;All the younger brothers are scattered;Decentralized without home, three also;Life and death can not be asked, four also;The only way to get information is to send books;Nai book length is not up to six.In conclusion, besides, if the battle is not over, the sound book will be cut off, and the life and death will be more unknown. The heart will be written in twists and turns, while the words between lines are still popular.[9-11]
About the author
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Du Fu
Du Fu (712-770), with beautiful words, described himself as an old man in Shaolin.Originally from Xiangyang (now Hubei), he moved to Gongxian (now Henan Gongyi).du shenyanGrandson.KaiyuanIn the later period, the Scholars were not the first and roamed all over the country.He lived in Chang'an for nearly ten years.andAnlu MountainWhen the army was trapped in Chang'an, it fled to Fengxiang, visited Suzong, and left the official's collection.After the recovery of Chang'an, he returned to Beijing with Suzong and joined the army for Huazhou Sigong.Soon he abandoned his official residence in Tonggu, Qinzhou.And moved to Chengdu to build a thatched cottageHuanhua StreamIn the world, it is called Huanhua Thatched Cottage.Once was an envoy in JiannanStrict martial lawIn the middle of the screen, he served as a staff officer, and Wu Biao was a member of the school work department, Wai Lang. Therefore, he was called Du work department.In his later years, he took his family out of Sichuan and died on the way to Xiangjiang River.His poems show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, known as the "history of poetry".It is good at ancient style and regular poetry, with various styles, but mainly gloomy.The language is concise and highly expressive.Yes《Collection of Du Gong Department》。[7]
