The moon's mantle is the interior of the moonstructure。MoonThe internal structure of the moon is composed of the moon crust, the moon mantle and the moon coreVolcano eruption。
MoonWhat is the internal structure of is related to its origin and evolution.In the 1960s, human beings first landedMoonAfter that, humans began to understand the interior of the moon gradually.On May 16, 2019,National Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of SciencesIt was announced that the research team led by researcher Li Chunlai of the station used the Chang'e-4 exploration data to prove that there were deep materials mainly olivine and low calcium pyroxene in the Antarctic Aitken basin on the back of the moon.The conclusion that the moon mantle is rich in olivine is correct.[1]
According to the data provided by natural and artificial moonquakes,MoonLike the earth, it can also be divided into the layers of the moon crust, the moon mantle and the moon core.The thickness of the lunar crust is about 60-65 kilometers, and the top 1000 to 2000 meters is mainly lunar soil and rock fragments.
The lower limit of the moon's mantle is set at 1388 kilometers deep.The part of the moon mantle accounts forMoonMore than half of the volume is mainly composed of basic rock and ultrabasic rock equivalent to the earth. The material density is generally more than 3.5g per cubic centimeter, and the lower layer may be slightly lower than 5%.From below the lunar mantle to 1740km deepMoonThe center is the lunar core, mainly composed of iron, nickel, sulfur, etc.The temperature of the lunar core is about 1000-1600 ℃.
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October 26, 1956, oneastronomerIt was found that the Alphens crater in the photo became blurred.This may be becausevolcanoDuring the eruption, the emitted gas blurs its outline.On November 3, 1958, another astronomy found thatCentral peakIt presents an unusual scene. The crater appears red. Then, the brightness of the central peak suddenly doubles.All kinds of signs indicate that this is aVolcano eruption。On October 23, 1959, people again observedVolcano eruptionAnd the scale of this event is much larger than that of 1958.
according toastronautWe areMoonAccording to the records of the automatic lunar seismic station established on the moon, lunar quakes often occur on the moon.The moon frame seismograph once measured 10000 moonquakes.In addition, long-term observations also found that,MoonSome small craters, such as the famous forest craters, slowly shrink and disappear, leaving a white spot, while some craters are getting bigger.
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On May 16, 2019,National Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of SciencesIt was announced that the research team led by researcher Li Chunlai of the station used the Chang'e-4 exploration data to prove that there were deep materials mainly olivine and low calcium pyroxene in the Antarctic Aitken basin on the back of the moon.The international academic journal Nature published this important discovery online.This discovery provides direct evidence for answering the questions about the composition of the lunar mantle material that have puzzled scholars at home and abroad for a long time, and will provide support for improving the model of the formation and evolution of the moon.
On January 3, 2019,Chang'e-4 probeLanded in Von Kamen crater, a pre selected landing area on the back of the moon.On the same day, the Yutu II rover was separated from the lander, and the infrared imaging spectrometer carried on it successfully obtained high-quality spectral data from two detection points in the landing area.
The research team formed by the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that through the analysis of spectral data,Chang'e-4The spectral absorption characteristics of lunar soil in the landing area are significantly different from those of lunar sea basalt lunar soil on the front of the moon, showing the spectral characteristics of low calcium pyroxene and suggesting the existence of a large amount of olivine.Further analysis confirmed that the relative content of olivine in the lunar soil material in the Chang'e-4 landing area was the highest, followed by low augite, and only a small amount of high augite.This mineral assemblage probably represents the deep material from the lunar mantle.
Chang'e-4 probeThe research results based on the exploration data successfully revealed the material composition of the back of the moon, confirmed the correctness of the inference that the moon mantle is rich in olivine, and deepened human understanding of the formation and evolution of the moon.[1]
Through the study of lunar samples brought back by Chang'e-5, Chinese scientists have denied two possible magmatic genetic models of late lunar magmatism, that is, the source region of the moon mantle is rich in radioactive elements to provide heat source and rich in water to reduce the melting temperature of rocks.[4]
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Lunar basalt is a kind of rock formed by partial melting of the lunar mantle and cooling crystallization on the surface of the moon after volcanic eruption.[3]
