Manchester

England City, UK

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Manchester^[1] , with a population of about 510000. The earliest industrialized city in the world^[2] ， North West England region Greater Manchester County City Autonomous city 、 Single management area , UK Important Transport hub With commercial, financial, industrial and cultural centers cosmopolitan city 。

Manchester Development Emerging industry With more than 700 industries including heavy machinery, weaving, oil refining, glass, plastic and food processing International city 。 As freedom Trade 、 Economic liberalization and Cooperative movement The pilot city of Manchester British economy It has a strong influence.

Manchester and Trafford, Tamside Salford 、 Stockport And other towns to form Manchester area. From industry urban development Manchester is a bustling city that is characterized by finance, education, tourism, commerce and manufacturing England major industrial center , Commodity entrepot And financial center city, one of the eight core cities in England.

Chinese name: Manchester
Foreign name: Manchester
Region: greater manchester
geographical position: Plains of northwest England
Area: 115.65 km²
Area under jurisdiction: Manchester City
Government residence: Manchester City Centre
Area Code: 0161

Postal Code: M
climatic conditions: Temperate marine climate
population size: 514400 (2013)
Famous scenic spot: Albert Square 、 Laurie Center 、 Chinatown 、 Castlefield Urban Heritage Park
Airport: Manchester International Airport
train station: Piccadilly Railway Station, Victoria Railway Station, Oxford Road Railway Station, etc
Dialect: English

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thirteen famous scenery
fourteen City Honor
fifteen Sister city

City Profile

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Manchester It's British cotton textile industry Central Transport hub And commercial, financial and cultural centers, located in North West England Department Urban agglomeration In the center of England's northwest plain, near the east Penning Mountains 。

Manchester is cotton spinning The birthplace of industry is also the first in the world Industrial city 。 More than 200 years ago, the world's earliest modern cotton textile industry was born here industrial revolution The prologue of. Manchester has also become the pioneer of a new generation of large industrial cities with the emergence of the cotton textile industry.

Manchester is a model of urban reconstruction, from which one can see the development history of British industry. It is full of electronic atmosphere. Centered on electronics, chemical industry and printing, it has more than 700 industries such as heavy machinery, weaving, oil refining, glass, plastic and food processing. It is not only the political and cultural center in northwest England, but also the business and employment center.

Manchester

Manchester is not what it used to be. Dickens The poverty and suffering of the era have long been sealed in the memory of history, and independence in the 1980s Punk The darkness and destruction shown by the band are also accompanied Joy Division The sad and pessimistic voice went away together. In the past 15 years, the city has developed a "breakfast to drink Champagne ”The carefree and pleasure oriented to almost frivolous Life attitude 。

Manchester was industrial revolution The pioneers of. Today, it has long been far away from the "steam and sweat" years, but has entered the fashionable dress, party everywhere when the youth. Of course, Manchester is not only a football match with crazy shouting and frothing lips, but also a noisy gathering place for high class people. It also has a good museum, exquisite food and first-class Shopping environment 。

To full Bohemian In the north area, you can go through the fashionable bars and fashion shops, and then you can feel solemn elegant , take a tour of Katherfield with a calm style for a while, and then go to see it again Comrade Village The unrestrained attitude of "Say it out loud and be afraid of nothing". After staying here for a long time, I can't help being infected by the self-confidence of this regenerated city.

The reason why this city, which started from cotton, is still alive is that it strives for opportunities and is willing to try and encourage people to start businesses and innovate. 1996 Explosion The downtown of Manchester was destroyed, but the residents soon recovered from the panic and seized the opportunity to rebuild the downtown, building new public places and modern buildings full of imagination but very practical.

Manchester in 2015 QS Best Learning City Ranking Ranked 30th in the world^[3] , ranked first in the UK and 51st in the world in the 2013 Global Liveability Survey^[4] 。 Manchester is an important part of Britain Economies I. Finance and Professional service industry It ranks first in all regions of the UK, second in the creative digital and media industry in Europe, and the largest clinical academic research institution in Europe is also located here. There are also London Largest outside the UK Commercial real estate Market and the largest private Business community And plans to become the top 20 in the world by 2020 Digital City one of.^[5]

Demography

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514400 people in the city and autonomous regions (2013)^[6] ， Population density 4349 people/km2.

race

77.6% of the city's population is white, of which 71.0% is British white, Ireland White people account for 3.0% of the total population;

Mixed race 3.2%, of which 1.9% are black and white (Caribbean and Africa ）；

South Asia People account for 10.3%, of which Pakistan People account for 5.8%, Indians account for 2.3%, Bengalese 1.0%;

Black people account for 5.2%, of which Caribbean Region Black people account for 2.0% and African people account for 2.7%;

East Asia And other regions account for 3.7%, of which 2.3% is Chinese (2005).

Historical evolution

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Manchester, the "Cotton City" in the early 19th century

Manchester is closely related to the industrial revolution, but it is different from the spinning machine and Jenny machine (Early spinning machines) are much older. Mancunium was founded by Agricola It was developed from the fortress built by the General Agricola and was a very important town in Roman times. Manchuni City has gradually expanded to today's scale along Watling St., connecting London with the northern Chester 。 Manchester's medieval history is unknown, partly because of the city's History Destroyed in 1666 London Fire 。 In the 14th century, Flanders The wool and linen textile workers settled down here, creating the earliest textile tradition, and this town was processed from American colonies The cotton laid a good foundation. Manchester has convenient transportation canals, sufficient water and coal supply, and enterprising and innovative Cultural tradition （ Richard Arkwright The invented steam spinning machine is representative). Manchester has bred a brand new textile industry , which pioneered the industrial revolution.

development

Manchester has a long history. As early as AD 79, the Romans built a fortress here to control the passage from the foot of Penning Mountain to the seaside. Flemish weavers who moved here in the 14th century founded the flax and wool textile industry, laying the first foundation for Manchester's development.

The rise of the 13th century, industrial revolution Later, it developed rapidly. In the middle of the 16th century, it developed into a prosperous spin Industrial city , it produces woolen cloth 、 Felt hat And coarse cotton cloth are even exported overseas. In the 40 years since 1780, it has a quarter of the national cotton textile industry; Same Raw cotton And cotton yarn Trade Centre 。 The eastern part is dominated by textile, clothing, printing and dyeing; In the west, electric machinery and General machinery Mainly. Food processing, chemistry and oil refining are also important. Completed in 1830 Liverpool - Manchester Railway. Seagoing vessel Manchester Ship Canal (Opened to navigation in 1894) It is second only to London and Liverpool An important port.

rise

The real rise of Manchester is industrial revolution Since. In 1764, the textile workers of Lancashire County Hargreaves Invented Jenny spinning machine The industrial revolution started from textile machinery. The first cotton in the 1880s Textile mill Born in Manchester. 1789 steam engine It began to replace water power and equip textile mills. Since then, the cotton textile industry here has developed more rapidly. By 1830, there were 99 cotton mills in Manchester. The developed cotton textile industry here gives Qing government The first official sent to Europe for investigation Bin Chun I left a deep impression. He is《 Notes on riding raft 》(1866) wrote: "The people here are 500000. The street market is prosperous, ranking second in Britain Quay 。 Chinese cotton, Indian cotton and American cotton are gathered here. The woven cloth is sold all the way... Go to the weaving shop (referring to the factory) and look around. Building five heavy, up and down hundreds of. There are 3000 craftsmen, more women than men. This is the beginning of cotton bales. The fire wheel method is used for spinning, weaving and dyeing... Cotton is divided into three ways. Originally, silt is mixed. After six or seven times of playing, it will be as white as snow and softer than cotton. It is also spun on wheels, and is spun into fine silk. Every seven or eight passes are spun with hundreds of small wheels. It becomes a shaft in a moment and is thinner than hair. The dyeing place is in the lower layer, with various colors. Immersion Less time , that is, bright quality. There are ten thousand looms, which can never stop shuttling. One person shall be responsible for two or three tickets per machine. From the time when the kapok came out of the bag to the time when the textile was dyed, it did not exceed the sundial carving. How fast was it? " His narration vividly reproduced the grand occasion of cotton textile industry here more than 100 years ago. At that time, Manchester had developed from an old market town to a number of major cities in Britain and the world's cotton textile industry capital.

today

Since the beginning of the 20th century, due to economic reasons Great recession Manchester's industry began to suffer, the Second World War Middle Manchester heavy industry The facility is subject to Nazi Germany The serious bombing and destruction of. After the war, Manchester's industry began to decline, but its status as a big city remained unchanged.

Manchester has changed a lot in the past decade. A large number of buildings built before the 1960s have been demolished, replaced by new buildings, and old factories have been rebuilt Residential apartments 。

On the evening of May 22, 2017, an indoor stadium exploded in Manchester, England. The police have confirmed that this "serious incident" caused deaths and injuries, and further investigation is ongoing. Manchester police did not disclose the number of casualties. This "serious incident" happened to pop singers Alianna Grande (Ariana Grande).^[7]

geographical environment

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Geographical orientation

Manchester City Hall on Christmas Eve

Manchester is located in the basin. The north and east are adjacent to Penning Wilderness, and the south is Cheshire Plain. The city center is located on the east bank of River Irwell, close to the confluence of the other two rivers - River Medlock and River Irk. Moxi River (River Mersey) also passes through the south of the city. Most of the inner city area are buildings, and vast wilderness can be seen from many tall buildings. In addition, the Manchester River is developed, close to Liverpool Port And coal mines.

Climatic environment

Manchester has a humid climate, which is mild and rainy all the year round Temperate marine climate , the average of the city Annual precipitation 809mm, precipitation lasts for a long time, but Precipitation intensity Small, the precipitation is often more than one hour, and few minutes of downpour.

Travel time

No matter what season or weather, it is very convenient to travel to Manchester. April to September is the best season for visiting, but remember that July and August are tourist season 。 If you are going to visit Manchester in late August, you can join the 500000 carnival team and dance in the gay day parade. The average temperature from January to March is about Celsius 8 degrees, in the summer from July to September, Average temperature It rises to about 20 degrees Celsius.

administrative division

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Greater Manchester District

Manchester historically belonged to Lancashire 。 In 1974, Britain carried out local administrative reform and established Manchester as the center, including neighboring Salford (The two markets are adjacent, only separated by a small river), Stockport 、 Oldham Bolton Rochdale And other towns Metropolitan County , called Greater Manchester , total area 1287 square kilometre 。 This metropolitan county is an important economic area and one of the largest metropolitan areas in Britain.

Greater Manchester Metropolitan County

10 cities Autonomous city (metropolitan boroughs) consists of:

City of Manchester

Stockport

Tameside

Oldham (municipality)

Rochdale （Rochdale）

Bury (Autonomous City)

Manchester

Bolton (municipality)

Wigan

Salford City of Salford

Trafford

population structure

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Manchester Exchange Square during the World Cup

As Manchester is located in the north central part of England, when Manchester developed during the industrial revolution, a large number of people came from neighboring rural areas and British Isles Rural people from other places came to Manchester City to seek jobs. Especially in the mid and late 1940s, because Ireland A serious famine occurred, and a large number of Irish people went to Manchester, just across the sea, to work.

These Irish immigrants and their descendants continue to have an influence in Manchester City. For example, in March every year, the city will hold a large-scale parade to celebrate the traditional Irish Catholic festival of St. Bedley's Day（ St. Patrick's Day ）。 Manchester and Salford About 35% of the population are of Irish origin. In addition, since the 20th century, a large number of Central Europe and Eastern Europe Immigrants migrated to Manchester, mainly Israel 。 Only Manchester, Salford and Prestwich have 40000 Jews living together, making it the largest Jewish community in Britain outside London.

Economic Finance

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Structural change

Manchester is a traditional industrial town in England. In the past half century, Manchester has experienced the most painful Industrial structure adjustment 。 Between 1961 and 1983, the total population of Manchester was only 34 million, and more than 150000 people were laid off in the manufacturing industry.

At the same time, the rise and development of the service industry Urban renaissance Laid the foundation. the Second World War Over the next half century, Manchester's local economy has been changing from an industrial economy to a service-oriented economy economic transition 。 With the reduction of manufacturing employment opportunities, the service industry provides more and more employment opportunities, and the city has gradually become the UK Northwest China The center of commerce, finance, insurance and transportation. In the 1850s, it still maintained its status as the second largest financial center in Britain. At this time, signs of Manchester's development towards the service industry had emerged.

Manchester industrial structure In the course of change, it directly reflects the evolution track from focusing on manufacturing to further rationalization of industrial structure. Although the proportion of Manchester's manufacturing industry is still slightly higher than that of similar cities in recent years, significant changes have also taken place. In the early 1960s, the manufacturing industry urban economy total output value China accounts for about 70%, and now it only accounts for about 20%. The traditional steel, textile and shipping sectors have declined, and now it is dominated by Industrial sector yes Financial services 、 Business service industry Etc. By 1992, the number of people engaged in the service industry in Manchester had accounted for all Employed population 84.2%, and only 11.1% of the employees in the manufacturing industry.

Manchester is the world industrial revolution Our hometown, textile industry It was once relatively developed.

At the beginning of the 20th century, as countries around the world began to process cotton and produce cotton textiles, Britain textile industry It began to decline and Manchester developed accordingly Emerging industry It has become a modern city with more than 700 industries, including heavy machinery, weaving, oil refining, glass, plastic and food processing, centering on electronics, chemical industry and printing.

The factory in Manchester was built by labour-intensive Transform to capital (high-tech) intensive to adapt to a large number of high-quality low-cost import Challenges with Representativeness The industries of Machinery manufacturing Chemical industry, food processing, plastics, electronics, communication equipment, aviation, etc.

Manchester is the political and cultural center, business and employment center of northwest England. The construction area of the city center is 20 million square foot Among them, 7.6 million square feet are commercial building area, and there are 1610 large and small malls and stores. There are also about 100 American companies and 27 German companies, as well as companies from France Norway 、 Switzerland 、 Sweden , Japan Italy And other countries.

Over the next ten years, Manchester has continued to innovate, led by the financial services industry and business services industry creative industry For an alternative starting point, gradually formulate and win the future discourse power And the development blueprint of core competitiveness.

Finance and professional services

Manchester is the largest financial center in the UK except London. Its financial/professional services include banking and fund management, insurance, law and audit Management Consulting , construction work and real estate economic activity The service sector at the forefront of China, which is integrated with its frequent large-scale mergers and acquisitions Business activities , the most typical sector of the service-oriented economy, is expected to contribute 10.6 billion pounds to the economy by 2011.

Manchester is England major industrial center And merchandise entrepot , plus the legendary "Manchester people" with inherent temperament and civilized world Business reputation , 60 domestic and foreign commercial banks, 50 accounting firms, 12 venture capital Institutional organizations, numerous law firms with international reputation and numerous independent financial exchanges make the city occupy an important position in the international financial industry.

King Street There are Stock exchange market And Manchester Chamber of Commerce and Industry Bank of England Branches, local offices of settlement banks Cooperative Bank Headquarters and the headquarters or branches of more than 150 insurance companies. Manchester revenue Mainly from taxes and central government Subsidies.

In 2003, the financial and professional services industry Greater Manchester The regional economy contributed 9.1 billion pounds of output value, making it the largest industrial sector, accounting for 62% of the financial services industry in the northwest of Britain. In 2004, there were 218000 industrial employees, accounting for about Employed population 59% of the total. From 1998 to 2003, the average annual growth rate of the employed population in Manchester's financial/professional services industry was about 4.4%, significantly higher than the average growth rate of 2.6% in the UK over the same period. In 2005, the financial service industry in Greater Manchester Trading volume As high as 17 billion pounds, most of them are concentrated in the banking and insurance sectors, which can be seen from the financial giants gathered here. Indeed, the financial services industry in Manchester Core departments yes banking More than 60 banks have set up offices in the city, of which more than 40 are overseas banks.

If from Financial services Salary payment Horizontal comparison , Manchester related employees ratio City of London The average salary is slightly lower by 1/4, but Cost of living It is also lower than London, which also reflects Manchester's competitiveness as a regional financial center.

Creative media industry

The creative media industry or new media industry is a series of industries that take personal creativity or technology as the core, tap and use intellectual property rights, and have the potential to generate wealth and employment Emerging media The general name of the department is New economic era Technology penetration in the background Traditional industries The new industrial model promoted by departments.

Manchester Conference Centre (5 sheets)

In the past decade, the creative industry British economy The role of Manchester, as an important economic town in the northwest of England, has long been recognized Transition period He has a keen insight into the creative industry, a new economic sector. Today, Manchester is the distribution center of creative industries in the northwest of Britain, with many well-known Higher Education , cultural and media production organizations to drive local Creative economy Development of. Manchester's local Granada TV station and its derivatives Independent media Production company, and BBC The transfer of some businesses to Manchester has enriched the local creative atmosphere of Manchester.

In 2003, Greater Manchester The creative industry contributed 2.7 billion pounds of output value, accounting for 63% of the total output value of the industry in the northwest region. From 1998 to 2003, the industrial growth rate was about 3.8%, exceeding 3.2% in the northwest region and 3.5% in the UK. In 2004, the total number of employed people was about 77100, accounting for 60% of the total number of employed people in the industry in northwest China.

It should be pointed out that although the creative media industry is becoming more and more attractive, Employment situation However, the contribution of Manchester to the total economic output is still more or less shrouded in the shadow of London, a creative metropolis, and is lower than the proportion of creative sectors to the total economic output of Britain.

Communication service industry

The role of the communication service industry in the urban economy is reflected in two aspects: one is the important sector that promotes urban employment opportunities and economic growth, and the other is as Modern service industry Department is to promote industrial activities labour productivity And competitiveness.

Communication services in Manchester include software services and information technology consulting Telecommunication and computer related Electronic components Service industry, and other supporting service industries (including strategic consulting project management 、 system design , e-commerce services technical support 、 Outsourcing services Etc.). globalization The situation is approaching step by step, and Manchester, driven by technical force, Information service industry It also increased significantly. With an average annual growth rate of 10.4%, the output value in 2007 was about 2.17 billion pounds, and it is expected to achieve an output value of 2.8 billion pounds in 2011.

Behind the employment growth, the main factors that promote the urban information service industry drive It's "Manchester Knowledge City ”Strategy, which takes advantage of the convergence of academic activities and research achievements, and strives to transform Manchester into a knowledge-based city Industrial agglomeration Center of.

Aviation service industry

The aviation service industry is extremely important to the Greater Manchester region, mainly due to Manchester international airport Driving and supporting the local economy. In 2003, the aviation service industry in Greater Manchester contributed 620 million pounds of output value, with an average annual growth rate of 7.8% from 1998 to 2003, far exceeding the national average growth rate (2.6%) in the same period. In 2004, there were about 13700 employees in the aviation service industry in this region, accounting for the industry in northwest China Total number of employees 77%.

Manchester Airport Is second only to London, England Heathrow Airport The second largest airport in Europe in recent years is also one of the fastest expanding airports in Europe. In 2005, the airport carried more than 22 million passengers and more than 150000 tons of freight. Indeed, Manchester Airport is no longer just a means of transportation connection, but also a dynamic new economic sector - every year, for every 1 million passengers, it is the national, northwest and Greater Manchester The region created 3000, 2000 and 1425 jobs respectively. At present, Manchester Airport directly employs 19000 people every year, indirectly bringing 23000 jobs to the northwest region. In 2004, the airport was solely for the UK National economy The total output value is £ 1.7 billion.

Transportation

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Manchester City Traffic Map - the latest erlinyou version

Manchester has well-developed transportation. It is the transportation hub of Britain. Take the train to London and Birmingham Only three hours and one and a half hours respectively, go Scotland capital Edinburgh It only takes three and a half hours. Manchester International Airport is one of the major airports in Britain, with hundreds of flights leading to it every day Continental Europe And other local cities. Manchester has various modern means of transportation and communication, and keeps close contact with all parts of the world at any time. The highways extending in all directions and the crisscross railways provide good conditions for the development of industry and commerce. Every year, more than 12.5 million passengers fly from here to 165 destinations in the world.

Bus Tour

Piccadilly Railway Station

Manchester has a compact layout, which is very suitable for hiking. But you can also take a free bus to visit the city center. However, we must first find out Public transport system The service scope and charging standards are too complicated to imagine. City bus surrounding Piccadilly Gardens , surrounded by trains inner city function; Victoria, Salford, Dingsgate, Oxford Street and Piccadilly Garden are all equipped with train loading and unloading stations. The tram also crosses the urban area, connecting Victoria Piccadilly And Katherfield, via Mosley Street, and then to Altrincham and Bury in the suburbs. walk out Piccadilly At the bus stop, there are lines 1 and 3 of the free buses leading to the urban area.

All bus starting points are concentrated in the Piccadilly Garden in the center of the city. If you take the free bus, you will not miss the Queen Victoria Husband Albert Square . Those with "circular library" Piazza San Pietro , former freedom exchange (now a hotel), former Central Railway Station (now G-Mex Exhibition Center), and city hall , Manchester Church, etc. Many are classic Victorian New Gothic architectural style 。

Another interesting bus trip is the "Manchester Rock Tour", which can be held in St. Peter's Square Tourist Center Book to. In such a drive, you can go from the "Happy Department" band in the 1970s to the "Happy Department" band in the 1980s“ Smith ”, "New Order", "Stone Rose", "Happy Monday", all the way through the 1990s“ oasis ”The growth of the band. Manchester has also been writing world-class pop music history.

Railway

Manchester occupies an important position in railway history. The Liverpool Manchester railway opened in 1830 is the birthplace of railway passenger transport. In the past 50 years, the city center has been almost surrounded by a dozen railway stations, but there are only two main railway stations in the city center - Victoria Railway Station and Piccadilly Railway Station, connecting Manchester and most parts of Britain. There are several small stations in the center of the city: Oxford Road Station, Dianskezhi Railway Station and Shalford Central Railway Station. Manchester does not Mass Transit Railway System , still in the city Light rail The system connects all districts in the city and surrounds the center of Manchester.

Urban railway It has been popular on the streets of Manchester in recent years. Its ticket price is about the same as that of buses City center And important areas around the city. For example, if you want to go to ARNDALE CENTRE after getting off the train, you can take METRO LINK directly from the railway station without a long walk. The ticket price is only 30 pence.

Approved by the UK government in 2012 British High Speed Rail 2 Engineering, Birmingham Manchester High Speed Railway It is planned to connect the London Birmingham high-speed railway Birmingham Leeds High Speed Railway To form a British high-speed railway network.

highway

The main highway serving Manchester is expressway M56 、M6、M61、 M62 And M66, most of which are connected to Ring Expressway M60。

aviation

Manchester Airport It is the third busiest passenger airport in Britain, with airport railway station connecting to the railway. Airport in 2005 Passenger traffic volume It has reached 22.1 million person times, with more than 90 airlines and direct access to more than 180 cities. Long distance direct flights include New York 、 Chicago 、 boston 、 Philadelphia 、 Miami 、 Las Vegas 、 Toronto 、 Damascus 、 Dubai 、 Doha 、 Karachi 、 Singapore 、 Kuala Lumpur Hong Kong. In addition, there are a lot of Domestic routes And the special line to Europe, including Belgium Of Antwerp , German hamburger 、 Spain Of Barcelona 、 Greece Of Athens Etc.

waterway

The industrial revolution left a vast legacy canal Website: Manchester Baodun Bangli Canal, Notchdale Canal Manchester Ship Canal , all leading to the sea. Today, most canals are used for recreation. Manchester also has many artificial lakes and rivers around the city.

science education

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Manchester cultural education High level, cultural and educational facilities are relatively complete. Colleges and universities have complete professional courses, and most of them have reached the level of degree awarding. Among them, University of Manchester It is one of the top eight Famous universities One of the top 50 universities in the world, ranking 26th in the world^[8] Six famous universities in Britain“ Red Brick University ”First, Britain“ Ivy League ” The Russell Group One of the founding members of.

Manchester has two major universities: Manchester University and Manchester City University 。 The former is the largest in Britain Full time university , originally from Manchester in the autumn of 2004 University of Victoria and Manchester University of Technology (UMIST). Nearby Salford has University of Salford , only 2 miles from the center of Manchester.

add University of Bolton and Royal Northern Conservatory of Music Manchester has 73000 students, the largest number of students in Europe. Manchester University, Manchester City University and Royal Northern Conservatory of Music are all located in the south of the city center, forming a huge university area, which is divided into two parts by Oxford Road, the busiest road in Europe.

Entertainment

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Night in Manchester

Manchester is the second most prosperous city in Britain, second only to London. It's concentrated here North West England Cultural and entertainment facilities such as orchestras, theaters and museums that have influence in the region. Music and theater can even challenge West End The Harley Orchestra, founded by Charles Harley in 1858, enjoys a reputation in the World Orchestra, as well as in the BBC Symphony Orchestra And the local ballet troupe.

laurie It is a large comprehensive art center, located at Salford Pier. There are two theaters, galleries and shops, and bars and restaurants with sea views. CornerHouse has long been known as "Manchester City's art film and visual arts There are many IMF Support, characterized by absolutely good taste.

Taverns are the "second home" of British people. In Manchester Music industry Many bars have various live bands“ Comrade Village ”There are many other warehouse style pubs around. "Four hour party people" are here to enjoy the last wonderful time of the day.

Come on, Red Devil

Come on, Red Devil chorus It may break out in the streets of Manchester at any time, and people in a block will dance with their hands. Once owned Beckham Waiting for big name players Manchester United Football Club Has become the most well-known symbol of Manchester in the world. Get on the light rail old trafford (Old Trafford) Get off the bus and go to Manchester United Football Club. Red Devils fans can choose a red scarf. Then take a bus to the "Dream Theater"—— Old Trafford （Old Trafford Stadium）。 It is said that if you don't buy season tickets for the whole game in advance, you can't watch any game of Manchester United. In the summer, it is even more lively here that you can't even see a cricket match.

North Point

The "North Corner" reflects the cultural creativity and independent spirit of the people in Manchester City. It is located at the northern edge of the city center of Mann, and a few short streets are full of countless pioneer performance venues, clubs, bars, independent record stores, as well as arts and crafts centers, Chinese art centers, and a large number of offices and studios operating small cultural businesses. Go around It is likely to enter an intimate and interesting "artist village", where the owner of a printmaking studio goes away and asks the sculptor next door to take care of the key and sell his works; Or in a famous second-hand record store called "CD Exchange", you can buy the music that you have been looking for for a long time in white paper packaging; Or linger in a small design shop full of fantastic ideas.

It is said that around 1987 Real estate price Rising sharply, and there are cheap rental houses in the north corner, and the rental mode is flexible, so people engaged in cultural business Small owners They all moved in, not expecting the snowball to become bigger and bigger, making Manchester City's most dynamic cultural landscape 。

Laurie Center

Laurie is a large comprehensive art center located at Salford Pier. It shows this naked in the doorway with steel and broken glass Industrial city There are two theaters, galleries and shops, bars and restaurants with sea views, and of course, a large number of works by the most famous British worker painter Laurie.

Corner house

"Corner House" has long been known as "the center of Manchester City's art film and visual arts", with many fund organizations behind it, and is characterized by an absolutely good taste. Watch an exotic art film on the first floor, watch the selected painting exhibition of the month on the second floor or participate in an open forum dilettante Have a chat and you will have an unforgettable evening. It is a member of the "North Point" and the essence of the former "Wild City".

Dance club

In 1991, the Mayor of Manchester City said: "Haxiandagang club For Manchester City, it's like Michelangelo Of《 David 》For Florence ”。 This shows the importance of dance clubs for this city. Hacienda Heights (Hacienda) witnessed the golden age of Manchester City as the world's pop music center, and now it has gone with the departure of that era. However, the club culture has been preserved as a tradition. It is often seen at night that long lines are standing in front of the most popular clubs or at ATM front.

athletic sports

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Etihad Stadium

Popular in Manchester Sports Football is an important part of Manchester culture. The number of clubs in Greater Manchester has reached the highest per capita figure in the world. Manchester has two famous football clubs: Manchester United Manchester United and manchester city (Manchester City, Manchester City）， It is the highest level football league in Britain The Premier League Of participating teams. The home of Manchester City is City of Manchester Stadium (City of Manchester Stadium) sold the name of its home court in July 2011 and won the title of Etihad Airlines Title Sponsor be called Etihad Stadium Etihad Stadium—— Old Trafford (Old Trafford Stadium) England The football field with the second largest number of seats is second only to the football field with 90000 seats Wembley Stadium 。 In the past two clubs, Manchester United was more famous in the world, and was often the champion of the English Premier League“ The Red Devils ”United beat 2-0 on February 27, 2023 Newcastle United Win the League Cup^[14] ； However, in recent years, Manchester City has emerged as a new force. It has beaten Manchester United in the Premier League for several years and won six championships. On June 11, 2023 Istanbul Of Ataturk Olympic Stadium 1-0 defeat International Milan Capture 2022-2023 European Champions League champion^[12] On December 23, 2023, Manchester City won 4-0 Fruminense , win 2023 FIFA Club World Cup champion^[13] 。

Other football clubs in Greater Manchester include:

Wigan Athletic （Wigan Athletic Football Club）

Bolton （Bolton Wanderers Football Club）

Old Trafford

Oldham （Oldham AthleticFootball Club）

Stockport County （Stockport County Football Club）

In addition, Burley Rochdale FC Manchester United（ Lianman ）(Football Club United of Manchester).

Tourism activities

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Manchester has developed a leisure style of "drinking champagne for breakfast", and stepped into the youth youth who are dressed fashionably and gathering everywhere. Among the "party people" in the city, you may find that no matter football, music, art, industry, lifestyle, or even shopping.

Restaurant

Sculpture "B of the Bang"

Manchester is a region with multi ethnic characteristics. You can find cuisines of different countries here.

In Manchester, "local taste" represents any style of food you like, including famous British chefs Gary Rhodes And Paul Heathcote, as well as various modern and creative foods. In addition, real traditional fish potato chips and mashed peas It's also worth tasting, and the lakeside mutton and Marinated beef , potatoes and herbs, stew Chowder Etc. There is also a very delicious cake called "wet Nelly", which is worth tasting. Faulkener Street is the largest Chinatown in Britain. There are restaurants and supermarkets all over the Chinatown, and you can eat delicious Chinese food.

Manchester has a very long wine making tradition. There are several traditional family wineries here. The traditional small wine shop is a very good place to eat at a low price, where you may be able to taste the local Thwaites or Hydes fresh wine Beer 。

● special dishes

Dover sole 、 roast beef 、 Beef pie , fried fish and Fried potato Article.

shopping

Manchester's prosperity benefits from its developed tourism and Business system , but this does not mean expensive. In Manchester, you will find a lot of 1-pound stores. Almost all the goods in these stores are about 1-pound, so they are very affordable. In the Arndale Centre in the central city, you can have a great shopping party. Tourists can find all kinds of famous brands in Europe, as well as furniture, gifts, flowers, birds, insects and fish.

The "Northern Quarter" can best reflect the cultural creativity and independent spirit of Manchester City's folk culture. There are "Artist Village", a famous second-hand record store called "CD Exchange", and a design shop full of whimsy.

The famous Wilmslow Road, also known as "Curry Mile", is a sales Asia Jewelry and Sari You can buy local products in the street market Handicrafts You can also buy famous brand clothes in the modern shopping center, or look at exquisite hand colored utensils, old sailor style Housewear & Furnishings , small cups and tableware, etc. One careless, one day It's over.

get accommodation

Lowry: five-star luxury modern hotel, built in 2001. It is located in the center of the city, beside the Irwell River, with convenient transportation and access to the railway station, airport, major shopping centers, restaurants and business centers.

Crowne Plaza (Crowne Plaza): four-star Traditional hotel , built in 1903. Located in the city center, near g-mex Convention and Exhibition Center , about 2 minutes' walk to the nearest subway station and public bus station. It is less than 1 km from the railway station.

Midland Hotel (The Midland): Midland Hotel is a four-star traditional hotel, an ancient hotel traditional architecture , built in 1903, with 304 guest rooms. The hotel is located in the center of Manchester, near the g-mex Convention and Exhibition Center piccadilly The railway station is less than a mile away, Manchester Airport It's 10 miles away. There are three restaurants in the hotel, one is a good French restaurant, and the Trafford Hall provides buffet and slices barbecue And fashionable nico central restaurant. The hotel also has two bars.

Garden Hotel (Gardens): Garden Hotel is a three-star modern hotel. It is a Victorian house built in 1950 with 101 guest rooms. The hotel is located opposite Piccadilly Gardens, within walking distance of Piccadilly Station, and very close to Manchester shopping area. The guest rooms are comfortable and clean. It is a superior hotel geographical position Our hotel is a good choice for those who want to stay in the center of Manchester.

Jurys Inn (Jurys Inn): Girith Hotel is a three-star modern hotel, built in 1999, with 265 rooms in total. The hotel is adjacent to the G-MEX exhibition center in the city, and many museums, art galleries and the famous Granada TV City can be reached on foot. The guest room is medium to large and can accommodate 3 adults or 2 adults and 2 children. Arches restaurant provides package or order service at a low price. A small bar is a good place to have lunch or drink with friends. Home of Manchester United Old Trafford 4 miles from the hotel.

famous scenery

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Chinatown

The area surrounded by Charlotte Street, Portland Street, Oxford Street and Mosley Street is Manchester's Chinatown, which is the largest Chinatown in the UK and the most concentrated Chinese community in the northern part of the UK. Chinatown was gradually formed in the 1970s when the cotton warehouse in the area was redeveloped. Every Sunday, the supermarket TCM Pharmacy The lion dance performance during the Chinese New Year is an annual grand show in Manchester

The Lowry

Manchester's most beautiful city scenery is located at Salford Pier. Salford Wharf was once a canal wharf in Manchester. This boldly reflects the enthusiasm of contemporary architecture for sharp steel and glass fragments. There are theaters, galleries and shops in the Lorry Art Center Industrial buildings Greetings from. The theaters, galleries, exhibition halls, shops, restaurants and bars in the Lorry Art Center enrich the city's cultural life It also reflects Manchester's unremitting pursuit of creation and art. Lorry Art Center is 10 minutes' drive from the city center. You can take a tram first and then walk there. This building is dedicated to the eldest son of Salford, the famous painter L S.Lowry。 The works of Raleigh collected here can be called the top in the world, and they are also the main collections of the center; Raleigh's main works in Manchester were previously collected at the Salford Museum of Art.

Ardell Center

IRA It is a great irony that they chose Adele Center, the ugliest building in Manchester, as their target. Adel Center is a classic case of urban planning mistakes in the 1950s and 1960s; After a large number of alleys, shops and buildings were demolished, this lifeless super large shopping center was built. The ceramic tile on the surface of the center is too bright, which is a big failure in the design. The building is like a classic Fauvism Art transformed toilet. The bombing in 1996 damaged a large area of Manchester City, not only the Adel Center, but also the Grain Exchange, the Royal Exchange and Longrich large building LongridgeHouse and the original Marks&Spencer.

Stratford, Manchester

It starts from Manchester and goes 90 kilometers to the south Shakespeare Hometown Stratford. Stratford and Oxford It is a typical ancient town in the south of England. Looking at the ancient town from afar, on the rolling green field of hills, a thick green island came running. The steep roof connected far and near is old against the background of the thick green Wine Of Crimson 。 There is a deep foundation in the bright and full. Perhaps it is because Shakespeare is so famous. This small town, which has created prodigies for thousands of years, has a strong mystery in the minds of outsiders.

Walking into the town in search of the tranquil Bulun River is like walking into an ancient fairy tale. The ancient town has a radius of less than two kilometers. The trees on both sides of the Bulun River run through the town, and the ancient houses seem to be arranged from the bank in order according to their seniority. Victorian architecture Is steep and thick, Gothic architecture The beauty and fantasy of the ancient town, the ruggedness and simplicity of the ordinary folk houses with a long history, write about the historical vicissitudes of the ancient town. The arch bridge left over from the Middle Ages on the Bulun River should be a more ancient witness of the town. At the foot, the Bulun River flows quietly in groups swan and wild duck Chasing and playing in the river. The bell of the church rings, ripples the river layer upon layer, and conveys the melodious silence to people's hearts.

Holy Trinity Church near the river, built The Renaissance During the period, it was the most magnificent building in the town, with a deep moss and lichen 。 Shakespeare's tomb is buried in the church. The first thing for visitors to the town is to visit Shakespeare in the church. Shakespeare The spirit tomb of White marble The square high platform made of the stone is so high that it can be filled with people. Shakespeare's body is buried under the high platform. Since many people come here every day, the church strictly forbids taking photos. However, Peter, the staff member, took special care of the Chinese guests and authorized us to take a group photo with Shakespeare. Peter said that he had just returned from a trip to China. China is the East country with an ancient civilization In China, Shakespeare is almost universally known. As Shakespeare's hometown, Peter is proud.

world Literary history There are some great litterateurs in Shanghai. Because they have never been paid attention to in their lifetime, the life information left behind with words to test is extremely limited. Cao Xueqin And Shakespeare. Talking about Shakespeare with Shakespeare's hometown is more rich and interesting than what we learned from the media. In Peter's view, the holy land nourished by the Bulun River is bound to have immortal figures like Shakespeare. It is said that Shakespeare, as a boy, showed outstanding literary talent. He read widely and loved drama. He told stories to his friends by the side of the Bulun River, which made everyone drunk. At the age of 13, his father went bankrupt and Shakespeare dropped out of school. Youth Shakespeare walked out of the town along the Bren River and made a living in London. He once led a horse for the rich people who went in and out of the theater, and worked as an actor in the troupe. The talented Shakespeare started his own drama creation in the harsh environment. He's married middle class His wife, Mary, provided financial support for his writing, so that he would not be as poor as Cao Xueqin. In more than 20 years, Shakespeare has created 32 plays and 154 sonnets, becoming the greatest litterateur in Europe during the Renaissance. However, at that time, he was not taken seriously by people. At the age of 46, Shakespeare said goodbye to the drama world. Because of the hard work of writing, Shakespeare was emaciated physically and mentally. At the age of 52, he died of illness on the side of the Bulun River. Shakespeare was unknown when he was alive, and his immortal plays spread around the world about more than a century after his death. Shakespeare's name was widely known in China, which was after the May 4th Movement. The more immortal the works are, the more time is needed to test them. People may not be able to get immediate returns. Regret for them will not help. At present, in Britain, some people even question whether Shakespeare's immortal plays were written by Shakespeare. Shakespeare is hard to argue. Shakespeare's hometown people sneer at this, which shows their love for Shakespeare.

Shakespeare's former residence is located in the center of the town within a stone's throw of the Bulun River. An old two-story wooden building, facing south and facing the street. An iron plate is hung on the gate tower, indicating that the building was built in 1531. Entering the house, we entered the life of Shakespeare. The first floor is the living room and kitchen. The fire in the fireplace is still red, bread 、 steak and knife and fork On the table, Coffee pot And cups with a bit of grit. All these convey classical warmth to visitors. The second floor serves as the bedroom and study. There is a wax figure of Shakespeare in the study Writing desk Stacked with dense handwriting Manuscript paper , Shakespeare leans chair Concentrate on thinking. All great artistic creation All come from loneliness and loneliness. It is in this study that many of Shakespeare's famous works were completed.

Albert Square

Albert Square was named in memory of Queen Victoria's husband Albert. The square is located between Dingsgate and Mosley Avenue, which is the city's Heartland 。 The most distinctive sign on the square is a building built Victorian era Of Gothic architecture 。 The John Ryland Library in Dingsgate Street on the west side of the square has a Victorian Gothic building, and then to the west, it is the Pumpihouse located beside the Iver River People's History Museum , the theme of the exhibition is Social history And the workers' movement.

To the south of the square is Piazza San Pietro The Free Trade Union Chamber next to it is the place where the Petro Massacre took place in 1819, which has now been converted into a hotel. Further south is the former Central Station, which has become the G-Mex exhibition and conference center. The corner of G-Mex is clear Postmodern Buildings are Bridge Walter Hall, the famous Harley philharmonic orchestra The famous place of.

Ardell Center The explosion in 1996 was destroyed. The Grain Exchange, Royal Exchange, Longrich Building and the original Masha Building were also damaged. After reconstruction, the world's largest Masha Building has replaced the original building. The Royal Exchange and Grain Exchange have been renovated historical value The bar was relocated to the New Champs Square next to the cathedral. The Cathedral and St. Anne's Square were changed to Pedestrian area 。

Castlefield Urban Heritage Park

The Roman castle built in Kaiserfeld City Heritage Park in AD 79 can be said to be the father of Manchester. This castle is located in Catherfield, the cradle of the Industrial Revolution. Katherfield still has shabby Elevated railway Rusty Iron bridge And the huge warehouse, which makes people shocked. In the 1980s, it was transformed into a city heritage park. Science and Industrial Museum It is a major feature of Katherfield. There are intact steam engines and spinning machines, and the railway station of the 1830s has been preserved. The rebuilt Roman fortress is worth visiting.