Intelligent logistics is to use integrated intelligent technology tologistics system It can imitate human intelligence, and has the ability to think, perceive, learn, reason and judge, and solve some problems in logistics by itself.The future development of intelligent logistics will reflect four characteristics: intelligence, integration and hierarchy, flexibility and socialization.Intelligent operation research and decision-making in the process of logistics operation;With logistics management as the core, realize the integration of transportation, storage, packaging, loading and unloading and the hierarchy of intelligent logistics system in the logistics process;The development of intelligent logistics will be more prominent“Customer focus”The concept of flexible adjustment of production process according to changes in consumer demand;The development of intelligent logistics will promote the development of regional economy, optimize the allocation of world resources, and realize socialization.Through the four intelligent mechanisms of intelligent logistics system, namely, intelligent information acquisition technology, intelligent transmission technology, intelligent processing technology, and intelligent application technology.
Chinese name
Intelligent logistics
Foreign name
Intelligent logistics
Main technologies
Automatic identification technology, data mining technology, etc
Intelligent logistics is to usebar code, RFID technology, sensors, global positioning system and other advancedInternet of Things technologyThe information processing and network communication technology platform is widely used in the basic activities of the logistics industry, such as transportation, warehousing, distribution, packaging, loading and unloading, to realize the automatic operation and efficient optimization management of the cargo transportation process, improve the service level of the logistics industry, reduce costs, and reduce the consumption of natural resources and social resources.The Internet of Things provides a good platform for the logistics industry to combine traditional logistics technology with intelligent system operation management, which can better and faster realize the informatization, intelligence, automation, transparency and systematic operation mode of intelligent logistics.During the implementation of intelligent logistics, it emphasizes the intelligence of logistics process data, network collaboration and decision-making.In terms of function, intelligent logistics should achieve six "correctness", namely, correct goods, correct quantity, correct place, correct quality, correct time, and correct price. In terms of technology, it should achieve: item identification, location tracking, item traceability, item monitoring, and real-time response[1]。
Main technologies
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Automatic identification technology
Automatic identification technology is a highly automated data acquisition technology based on the development of computer, optical, mechanical, electrical, communication and other technologies.It is a technology that automatically obtains the relevant information of the identified object by applying a certain recognition device and provides it to the background processing system to complete the relevant subsequent processing.It can help people collect and input massive data quickly and accurately, and has been widely used in transportation, warehousing, distribution and other aspects.After nearly 30 years of development, automatic identification technology has developed into a comprehensive technology consisting of bar code identification technology, smart card identification technology, optical character recognition technology, radio frequency identification technology, biometric identification technology, and is developing towards integrated application.Bar code recognition technology is the most widely used automatic recognition technology. It uses photoelectric scanning equipment to read bar code symbols, so as to achieve automatic information entry.Barcode is a symbol representing certain information, which is composed of a group of bars, spaces and corresponding characters arranged according to specific rules.The composition rules of bar code symbols are different for different code systems.The commonly used codes are EAN/UPC, 128, ITF - 14, interleaved 25, 39 and Kudebar.RFID（RFID）Technology is a modern automatic identification technology, which uses inductive, radio wave or microwave technology to read radio frequency tags non-contact, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic data collection.It can recognize high-speed moving objects and read multiple objects at the same time. It has the characteristics of resistance to harsh environments and strong confidentiality.Biometric identification technology is a technology that uses human physiological or behavioral characteristics to identify identity.Biological characteristics include hand shape, fingerprint, face shape, iris, retina, pulse, auricle, etc. Behavioral characteristics include signature, voice, etc.Due to the non replicable nature of human features, the security of this technology is greatly improved compared with the traditional authentication mechanism.People have developedIris recognition technology, retina recognition technology, face recognition technology, signature recognition technology, voice recognition technology, fingerprint recognition technology and other six biometric technologies.
Data Mining Technology
The data warehouse appeared in the mid-1980s. It is a subject oriented, integrated, non-volatile, time-varying data set. The goal of the data warehouse is to store, extract and maintain data from different sources and structures in the data warehouse after processing. It supports the analysis and processing of comprehensive and large amounts of complex data and high-level decision support.The data warehouse allows users to freely extract data without interfering with the normal operation of the business database.Data mining is a process of mining hidden, unknown and potentially valuable knowledge and rules for decision-making from a large number of incomplete, noisy, fuzzy and random practical application data.It is generally divided into descriptive data mining and predictive data mining.Descriptive data mining includes data summary, clustering and association analysis, while predictive data mining includes classification, regression and time series analysis.Its purpose is to reveal the relationship between events, predict the future development trend and provide decision-making basis for enterprise decision-makers through statistics, analysis, synthesis, induction and reasoning of data.
artificial intelligence technology
Artificial intelligence is a subject that explores and studies the way to simulate human intelligence with various machines, so that human intelligence can be materialized and extended.It draws on the idea of bionics, describes knowledge abstractly with mathematical language, and imitates biological system and human intelligence mechanism. The main methods are neural network, evolutionary computing, and granular computing.Neural network: neural network isBiological neural networkOn the basis of the research, it simulates the intuitive thinking of human images. According to the characteristics of biological neurons and neural networks, it abstracts a class of parallel processing networks summarized through simplification and induction.The main functions of neural network include associative memory, classification and clustering, optimization calculation, etc.Although the neural network has the disadvantages of complex structure, poor interpretability, long training time, etc., due to its advantages of high tolerance to noise data and low error rate, as well as various network training algorithms such as network pruning algorithm and rule extraction algorithm, the application of neural network in data mining is increasingly favored by users.Evolutionary computing: Evolutionary computing is simulationBiological evolution theoryA general problem solving method has been developed.Because it comes from the biological evolution of nature, it has a strong adaptability characteristic shared by natural organisms, which enables it to solve complex problems that are difficult to solve with traditional methods.It adopts the method of multi-point parallel search. Through selection, crossover, mutation and other evolutionary operations, it iterates repeatedly. Under the guidance of individual fitness values, the evolution results of each generation are better than those of the previous generation, so it evolves generation by generation until a global optimal solution or a global near optimal solution is generated.One of the most representative is genetic algorithm, which is an adaptive optimization algorithm based on the biological genetic evolution mechanism in nature.Granular computing: As early as 1990, famous Chinese scholars Zhang Bo and Zhang Ling discussed the problem of granularity, and pointed out that "a recognized feature of human intelligence is that people can observe and analyze the same problem from a very different granularity.People can not only solve problems in the world of different granularity, but also jump from one granularity world to another quickly, with no difficulty.This ability to deal with different granularity worlds is a powerful manifestation of human problem solving. "Later, when Zadeh discussed the fuzzy information granularity theory, he proposed three main concepts of human cognition, namely granularity (including the decomposition of the whole into parts), organization (including the integration of the whole from parts) and causality (including the correlation of causality), and further proposed granular computing.He believes that granular computing is a big umbrella, which covers all research on theories, methodologies, technologies and tools related to granularity.It mainly includes fuzzy set theoryRough set theoryAnd quotient space theory.
GIS technology
GIS is a key technology and tool for building intelligent logistics. Using GIS, you can build a logistics map, manage order information, outlet information, delivery information, vehicle information, customer information and other data in one map, and achieve rapid intelligent order distribution, reasonable outlet layout, reasonable planning of delivery routes, package monitoring and management.
GIS technology can help logistics enterprises realize map based services, such as:
1. Outlet marking: mark the logistics enterprise's outlets and outlet information (such as address, telephone, delivery and other information) on the map for quick query by users and enterprise managers.
2. Area division: manage big data from the perspective of "geographical space", provide basic services for business division management of the logistics business system, such as dividing the logistics division responsibility area, and associate with outlets.
3. Quick order distribution: use GIS address matching technology to search and locate the zoning units and quickly assign the addresses to regions and outlets.And find the responsible person according to the attributes of the logistics division unit to realize the "last mile" distribution.
4. The vehicle monitoring management system monitors the whole process from the delivery of goods to the arrival of customers, reducing the loss of goods;Reasonably dispatch vehicles to improve vehicle utilization;Various alarm settings ensure the safety of cargo drivers and save enterprise resources.
5. The logistics distribution route planning auxiliary system is used to assist logistics distribution planning.Reasonably plan the route to ensure fast arrival of goods, save enterprise resources and improve user satisfaction.
6. Data statistics and services can visually display the data information of logistics enterprises on the map. Through scientific business models, GIS professional algorithms and spatial mining analysis, we can gain insight into the trends and internal relationships that cannot be understood by other means, so as to provide various business activities for enterprises, such asMarketing strategy, planning logistics routes, reasonable site selection analysis, analysis and prediction of development trends, etc. to build a good foundation, make the business decision-making system more intelligent and accurate, so as to help logistics enterprises obtain greater market opportunities[2]。
First, we should strengthen the market awareness of modern logistics enterprises.We must abandon the closed door business style in the past, take users' needs as our own responsibility, stick to the market, establish the market positioning of state-owned logistics enterprises, and carry out business based on needs and our own foundationassets, personnel and business restructuring, forming a service system that meets the market demand.
Secondly, we should strengthen the open consciousness of modern logistics industry.Compared with advanced countries, we still have a big gap. We should strengthen international logistics cooperation and actively introduce foreign capital, technology and experience.
（2） Strengthen scientific and technological knowledge and cultivate newCore competence
Strengthen the construction of enterprise intranet.State owned logistics enterprises can design and implement enterprise internal Internet programs according to their own industry characteristics and actual conditions, and can conduct internal and externalInformation communicationAnd management, realizing intensivelyLogistics functionAnd narrow the gap with the world's advanced logistics enterprises.The enterprise intranet mainly provides marketing functions and projectsmanagement functionCustomer service and support functions can help to share customer feedback information with support customer service departments and create a corresponding support system.
Logistics professionals are particularly important to the success or failure of state-owned logistics enterprises' transformation to modern logistics.physical distribution managementThe operator must have sufficient knowledge of each logistics link;Not only transportation experts, but also familiar with finance, marketing, procurement and other work links, and must have the ability to coordinate various logistics links.More requirements for modern logisticsphysical distribution managementThey have innovation awareness, including knowledge innovation and service innovation, provide technical support for enterprises with innovation, ensure the leading position of customer service in the industry, and use innovation to produce goodEmployment mechanismTo ensure that state-owned logistics enterprises are invincible in the fierce market competition.
（4） Adapt to the development trend of the world, and establish a new concept of modern management
With the development of global informatization and knowledge economy, the breadth of business and technology necessary for the operation of enterprises, especially large manufacturing enterprises, is constantly expanding. At the same time, the rapid update of knowledge makes the specialization of these businesses and technologies continue to improve, especially the specialization of related management.
Basis for development
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Traditional logisticsIn transportation, the types and risks of transportation, the transportation links and actions in the logistics process, and the services of logistics enterprises all affect the cost and quality of logistics transportation.Intelligent logistics is to use integrated intelligent technology to enable the logistics system to imitate human intelligence, with the ability to think, perceive, learn, reason and judge, and solve some problems in logistics by itself.
How should logistics develop in the future?
On the one hand, logistics enterprises canLogistics resourcesInformation optimization scheduling and effective configuration to reduceLogistics cost；On the other hand, strengthen management and improve logistics in the process of logisticsefficiencyTo improve logisticsService quality。However, with the rapid development of logistics, the logistics process is becoming more and more complex,Logistics resourcesThe difficulty of optimizing allocation and management also increases, and the joint scheduling and management of materials in all links of the circulation process is more important and complex.Traditional logistics enterprises in ChinaInformation managementThe degree is still relatively low, unable to realize logisticsOrganizational efficiencyandmanagementThe improvement of logistics has hindered the development of logistics.In order to realize the long-term development of the logistics industry, it is necessary to realize the transformation from logistics enterprises to the wholeLogistics networkTherefore, the development of intelligent logistics is inevitable.
Prospect analysis
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（1） Intelligent acquisition technology enables logistics to move from passive to active, realizing active acquisition of information in the logistics process, active monitoring of vehicles and goods, active analysis of information, and tracking and management of goods from the sourceinformation flowFaster than actual logistics.
（2） Intelligent transfer technology is applied to internal and external data transfer functions of enterprises.
（3） Intelligent processing technology is applied to the internal decision-making of enterprises. Through the analysis of a large amount of data, decisions are made on customer demand, commodity inventory, intelligent simulation, etc.
（4） The application of intelligent utilization technology in the optimization, prediction, decision support, modeling and simulation, global management and other aspects of logistics management makes enterprise decisions more accurate and scientific.
Social development promotes the progress of intelligent logistics
The innovative application modes of new intelligent technologies in the logistics field are constantly emerging, which will become the basis for the great development of intelligent logistics in the futureE-commerce platformAnd greatly promote the development of the industry.The concept of intelligent logistics broadens the vision of the logistics industry, and will develop rapidlymodern information technology andmanagement styleIts development has promoted the reform of China's logistics industry.
As a pioneer in China's logistics industry, intelligent logistics, standing at the forefront of the industry, with a keen sense of smell, grasps the development direction of the logistics industry. Through the construction of the logistics information platform, it takes the lead in realizing the informatization of the logistics industry, taking the helm for the logistics industry, and comprehensively welcomes the arrival of the intelligent logistics era.
In 2010, the National Development and Reform Commission entrusted the Chinese Academy of Engineering with the task of strategic planning for the development of the Internet of Things, which listed the applications of the Internet of Things in ten key areas.Logistics is one of the popular application fields, and "intelligent logistics" has become the application target in the logistics field.Subsequently, the Internet of Things quickly became popular in the logistics industry.
However, at this stage, the interpretation of intelligent logistics is more on the technical level, such as the application of information technology or sensors in logistics, showing the characteristics of technology driven.However, the large-scale promotion of any technology in the industry must be driven by both technology and industry.
In the field of logistics, the Internet of Things is only a technical means, with the goal of intelligent logistics.Speaking of the word "intelligence", our understanding of intelligence is a gradually deepening process.In the early days, automation was equated with intelligence.Then with the development of science and technology, some new intelligent products appear, such asPoint and shoot camera, intelligent washing machines, etc. They can obtain information from the scene and make judgments and choices on behalf of people, not justtechnological processAt this time, the intelligence is "automation+informatization".
However, with the emergence of the Internet, or the era of the Internet of Things, the meaning of intelligence has taken a step further.It is not enough to make judgments and choices only by automatically collecting information. It is also necessary to connect with the network. The collected information is transmitted to the data center or the headquarters of the command at any time through the network. The command center makes judgments and makes real-time adjustments. This dynamic control and dynamic automatic selection is the intelligence of this era.In other words, intelligence should have three characteristics, namely, automation, informatization and networking.
The emergence of intelligent logistics indicates that informatization is integrating network and controltechnological processIt has entered a new stage, that is, a dynamic, real-time selection and control management level.This level must be immediately needed by everyone, so we must determine the position of informatization according to our own actual level and customer needs, but this is certainly the future development direction[3]。
Enterprise status
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According to the data released by the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing, the growth rate of China's intelligent logistics market size from 2016 to 2020 has remained at more than double digits. In 2020, the market size was close to 600 billion yuan, and it is expected that the market size will exceed trillion yuan by 2025.[4]
Jinxia Economic Development Zone is a "China Logistics Demonstration Base", a "National Demonstration Logistics Park", and a "National New Industrialization Industry Demonstration Base", with a total planning area of 84 square kilometers. It has railway freight stations, inland ports, intelligent logistics highway ports, bonded logistics centers, and cross-border e-commerce industrial parks. By 2020, the park will achieve a modern logistics industry revenue of 47.8 billion yuan, an increase of more than 10%,Industrial clusters such as pharmaceutical logistics, energy logistics and grain logistics have been formed, and pharmaceutical logistics accounts for one third of the market share of the province.[4]
As early as 2019, JD Logistics built and completed the first 5G intelligent logistics demonstration park in China in Beijing "Asia No.1", which realized the deep integration and innovation of 5G network communication and logistics applications, and brought about the digitalization and intellectualization of intelligent logistics parks.Jingdong Logistics' "5G Intelligent Logistics Park" won the China Service Demonstration Case at the 2020 China International Trade in Services Fair, which is a good demonstration of 5G's "from theory to application".[5]
influence
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Influence of intelligent logistics on supply chain
Intelligent processing technology is applied to internal decision-making of enterprises, which can analyze a large number of logistics datastock, logistics intelligent simulation, etc.realizationphysical distribution managementAutomation (data acquisitionautomatic classification Etc.),Logistics operationEfficient and convenient, change the image of "coolie" company, a logistics and warehousing enterprise in China.
Intelligent logistics can reduce logistics warehousing costs.Logistics intelligent acquisition technology enables logistics to move from passive to active, realizing active information acquisition in the logistics process, actively monitoring the transportation process and goods, and actively analyzing logistics information, so that logistics can be tracked and managed from the source, and information flow can be faster than actual logistics.
The application of intelligent transfer technology in logistics enterprises can also realize the external logistics data transfer function.increaseService quality. Accelerate response time and promoteCustomer satisfactionIncrease,Logistics supply chainThe links are more closely integrated.
Intelligent technologyphysical distribution managementThe application of optimization, prediction, decision support, modeling and simulation, global logistics management and other aspects of logistics makes the decision-making of logistics enterprises more accurate and scientific.With the help of intelligent logistics, China's logisticsenterprise informationization It will reach a new level and promote the realization of logistics industryinformation sharing The situation of[2]。
The impact of Internet of Things on logistics informatization
First, openness.
In the past, to create an information system was to manage its own processes and resources, build an open system, exchange and share social information and external information, and also have the opportunity to release its own information to the society. This openness is to improveoperateAn inevitable trend of level.
In this open process, some popular technologies, such as positioning technology and sensor technology, will become the key technical means to achieve openness.At the same time, we should also recognize that security is the main problem restricting openness.At this stage, to solve the security problem, we need to rely on technology, process, law and internal management.Security issues are also changing, including awareness and tolerance of security issues.This change constantly adjusts the balance between openness and security, which will also promote the gradual opening of the system itself.Open systems should be built in the new era, and how to balance open systems and security, consider the relationship between these two aspects, as well as related technologies and resources involved, are all factors that need to be considered when promoting system openness.
Second, dynamic.
Adapt to the rapidly changing external environment and improveFine managementRequest, this isEnterprise developmentImportant needs.When the system needs to be dynamic, the location information service will become the foundation.The location information is the information collected contains two basic elements: identification and space-time. The location information is bundled with other status information to form the "information element" of logistics dynamic management, on which other information can be loadedmanagement information , temperature, pressure, humidity and other information can be added.Bundle with sensor technology, and dynamically manage whatever information is tied to it.Therefore, identification information and spatio-temporal information become a bundled information element, which can form a public service of dynamic information.Public information platform。
The application of informatization in the integration andtechnological processThe trend of management is more and more obvious.If the information is not centralized, it cannot be processed and improved. Therefore, this centralized management is conducive to improving the information processing capacity and service capacity;At the same time, information processing service talents are scarce, and only when they are concentrated can they invest in building data centers.Therefore, we will see that the centralization of information management is a very important feature of information construction.At the same time, we also see the promotion ofInformation service outsourcingThe technology of, such as cloud computing services, has also developed rapidly, and the technology of data mining, knowledge management and talent demand have risen rapidly. These are changes brought about by centralization.
Fourth, key technologies.
Some key technologies will develop rapidly.First, identification and collection information technology, including RFID, sensors, etc;The second is mobile communication technology, including 4G network, even 5G network, etcMobile wireless communicationTechnology;ThirdIntelligent terminalCompared with informatization in other industries,Logistics informatizationThe two unique equipment in the, airborne terminal and handheld terminal, will be developed rapidly.Studying the differences between these two intelligent terminals will reflect themanagement style。Fourth, location-based services are very popular. The fastest growing is location-based services provided through smart phones;Five isbusiness intelligence Technology, once the management is transferred to rely on information processing and information processing, that is, use business intelligence technology to process and process information to achievepolicy decisionWhen value-added is realized, business intelligence technology will become popular.
Fifth, the data center.
Data centers are often neglected areas. However, in the process of promoting the Internet of Things, there may be no unified answer to various problems. But with the emergence of cases, we find that these cases reflect the success of data center economic entities.We have seen that the most successful cases and the fastest growing entities are all data center type.
development direction
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The future development direction of intelligent logistics: under the influence of economic globalization, transportation costs are increasingly competitive.How to allocate and utilize resources to effectively reduce manufacturing costs is a key issue for enterprises.To achieve this strategy, it is impossible to achieve without a highly developed, reliable and fast logistics system.With the development of economic globalization and the rise of network economy, the function of logistics is no longer simply to reduce costs, but to improve customer service quality to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises.At present, the logistics industry is gradually forming seven development trends, which are informatization, intelligence, environmental protection, enterprise globalization and internationalization, high-quality service, industrial synergy and third-party logistics.
Informatization trend
The development and popularization of information network technology have promoted the transformation of traditional logistics mode to logistics informatization.Logistics informatization is the core of modern logistics. It refers to the comprehensive and in-depth application of information technology in logistics system planning, logistics management, logistics process design and control, logistics operations and other logistics activities, and it has become an important part of the core competitiveness of logistics enterprises and social logistics systems.Logistics informatization is generally manifested in the following three aspects:
1、Public logistics information platformThe establishment of public logistics information platform (PLIP) will become a breakthrough point in the development of international logistics. It refers to a public commercial platform that provides international logistics information services for international logistics enterprises, international logistics demand enterprises and other relevant departments.Its essence is to provide support and guarantee for international logistics production by means of informatization.The establishment of public logistics information platform can realize rapid response to customers.Modern social economy is a society of service economy.Establish customersRapid response systemyesInternational logistics enterprisesThe foundation for better customer service.The establishment of public logistics information platform can strengthen the cooperation with cooperative units.
2. Logistics information security technology will be increasingly valued by the logistics information technology developed by network technology. While enjoying the huge benefits brought by the rapid development of the network, it is also suffering from possible security crises at all times, such as the malicious attacks of network hackers, the sweeping of viruses, the leakage of information, and so on.Apply security technology to ensure the safety of international logistics enterprisesLogistics information systemThe safe and stable operation of the platform is a major challenge faced by international logistics enterprises for a long time.
3. The information network will become the best platform for the development of international logistics. After entering the business field from the science and technology field, the Internet connecting the world has developed rapidly.With its simple, fast, flexible and interactive way, the Internet transmits information from all over the world around the clock, transcending the restrictions of time and space, and making the world a "global village".The time cost and exchange cost of online information circulation have decreased unprecedentedly.Business, government and personal affairs can carry information on the Internet.The Internet has become and will continue to be a new platform for global information exchange.
Intelligent trend
The intellectualization of international logistics has become a direction of logistics development under e-commerce.Intelligentization is a high-level application of logistics automation and informatization. A large number of operations research and decisions in the process of logistics operations, such as the determination of inventory level, the selection of transportation (handling) routes, the operation track and operation control of automatic guided vehicles, the operation of automatic sorters, and the decision support for the operation and management of logistics distribution centers, can all be supported by expert systemsArtificial intelligence, robot and other related technologies.
In addition to intelligent transportation, modern logistics technologies, such as unmanned carriers, robot stacking, unmanned forklifts, automatic sorting systems, paperless office systems, have greatly improved the mechanization, automation and intelligence of logistics.At the same time, there are also supply chain management of virtual warehouse and virtual bank, which will push international logistics to a new stage of development.
Environmental protection trend
The development of logistics and social economy complement each other. On the one hand, modern logistics has promoted the transformation of the national economy from extensive to intensive, and on the other hand, it has become the pillar of the highly developed consumer life.However, whether in the era of "mass production - mass circulation - mass consumption" or the era of "diversified consumption - limited production - efficient circulation", the logistics system needs to be improved from the perspective of environment, that is, an environmental symbiotic logistics management system needs to be formed.Environmental symbiotic logistics management is to change the one-way relationship between economic development and logistics, consumption life and logistics, and to form a logistics system that promotes the healthy development of economy and consumption life at the same time while curbing the harm of logistics to the environment, that is, to transform to environment-friendly and circular logistics.Under this background, green logistics is becoming an important part of the sustainable development of the global economy.Green logistics refers to the purification and optimization of the logistics system while restraining the harm of logistics to the environment in the logistics process, so as to make full use of logistics resources.In China, due to the fact that operators and consumersGreen consumption conceptWith the improvement of, green logistics is increasingly being widely and highly valued, and a platform for enterprise green logistics has been initially set up.Many enterprises use "green" means of transport, small trucks and other low emission means of transport to reduce the exhaust emissions of transport vehicles;Adopt green packaging and biodegradable packaging materials to improve the recycling rate of packaging waste;Carry out green circulation processing, improve resource utilization rate and reduce environmental pollution by means of large-scale operation.By the end of 2005, more than 12000 enterprises across the country had obtained ISO14000 environmental management system certification, and more than 800 enterprises and more than 18000 specifications and models had obtained environmental label certification.Green logistics as a concept of sustainable development is widely recognized.
Enterprise globalization and internationalization trend
In recent years, economic globalization and China's opening to the outside world continue to expand, more foreign enterprises and international capital "come in" and domestic logistics enterprises "go out", promoting the integration of domestic logistics industry into the global economy.After China's commitment to the full opening of most domestic logistics related fields, multinational enterprises such as USP, FedEx, UPS, and Japan Central Warehouse continue to enter the Chinese market through sole proprietorship or holding.Foreign logistics enterprises have formed a trend of expanding to the northeast and the central and western regions respectively based in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Bohai Rim and other economically developed regions.At the same time, with the new round of transfer of global manufacturing industry to China, China is becoming a veritable world factory. In terms of import and export transportation of materials, raw materials, parts and finished products with other countries, both quantity and quality are undergoing great changes.This inevitably requires the internationalization of logistics, namelyLogistics facilitiesInternationalization, internationalization of logistics technology, internationalization of logistics services, internationalization of cargo transportation and internationalization of circulation processing, etc., promote the optimal allocation of world resources and coordinated development of regional economy.
Service quality trend
The era of diversified consumption, flexible production and efficient circulation has made society and customers put forward higher requirements for modern logistics services, which has brought new challenges to traditional logistics forms, and thus led to the development trend of high-quality services in logistics development.High quality logistics service strives to realize the "5 Right" service, that is, to provide good products to customers at the specified time and place at the appropriate quantity and price will become the common standard for logistics enterprises to provide high-quality services.The trend of high-quality logistics services represents the further extension of modern logistics to the development of service economy, indicating that the quality of logistics services is replacing logistics costs and becoming one of the important standards for customers to choose logistics services.
Industry synergy trend
The 21st century is an era of logistics globalization. The manufacturing industry and the service industry are gradually integrated. Mass production and mass consumption make the logistics scale in the economy increasingly large and complex. Traditional and decentralized logistics activities are gradually expanding. The entire supply chain is developing in the direction of intensification and collaboration, becoming one of the important development trends in the logistics field.From the perspective of logistics resource integration and integration, logistics industry restructuring and M&A are no longer limited to the enterprise level, but transferred to the entire industrial chain of mutual connection and division of labor. Through a series of re integration of service functions, industry resources and markets, a socialized logistics system with the benefit supply chain management as the core has been formed;From the perspective of logistics market competition, with the development of global trade, some large logistics enterprises in developed countries have launched horizontal and vertical mergers and acquisitions across borders, vigorously expanding the logistics market and striving for a larger market share.The logistics industry has expanded from internal competition to competition among global supply chains;From the perspective of logistics technology, information technology connects a single logistics enterprise into a network, forming a interlocking supply chain, so that multiple enterprises can achieve collaborative operation and coordinated operation under the overall management.
Third party logistics trends
With the continuous development of logistics technology, third-party logistics, as an effective means to improve the speed of material circulation, save storage costs and capital in transit costs, has attracted more and more attention.Third party logistics is the service provided by intermediaries in the logistics channel. The intermediaries provide all or part of the logistics services required by enterprises in the form of contracts within a certain period of time.After investigation and statistics, the third-party logistics market around the world has the characteristics of great potential, gradual growth and high growth rate.Its potential is mainly manifested in its extremely high advantages, which are mainly manifested in 1 saving costs, reducing capital backlog, 2 concentrating main businesses, 3 reducing inventory, and 4 improving the corporate image, bringing many benefits to enterprises and customers.In addition, most companies did not start as third-party logistics service companies, but gradually developed into the industry.It can be seen that there is much room for its development.
To sum up, in the increasingly competitive 21st century, further reducing logistics costs, selecting the best logistics services, and improving the competitiveness of their products will become the main means for businesses to win in the fierce business war.Logistics will surely develop faster and better in a multi-directional trend.
Future development direction of intelligent logistics
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Under the influence of economic globalization, the transportation cost has become increasingly competitive.How to allocate and utilize resources to effectively reduce manufacturing costs is a key issue for enterprises.To achieve this strategy, it is impossible to achieve without a highly developed, reliable and fast logistics system.With the development of economic globalization and the rise of network economy, the function of logistics is no longer simply to reduce costs, but to improve customer service quality to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises.At present, the logistics industry is gradually forming seven development trends, which are informatization, intelligence, environmental protection, enterprise globalization and internationalization, high-quality service, industrial synergy and third-party logistics[1]。
