6. Alum weathering: loss due to weathering in dry airCrystal water, dissolve and drip water in humid air, heat to 92.5 ℃ and lose 9Crystal water, lose all at 200 ℃Crystal waterIt becomes white powder.
Water purification test
Add 750mg alum to one liter of water to purify water and sterilize it.Due to different dosage in turbid river waterClarity。
Alum water purification is a method often used by people in the past. Its principle is that alum can ionize out two kinds of watermetal ion：
Al3+It is easy to hydrolyze and generateAluminium hydroxideAl(OH)threeColloid:
The adsorption capacity of aluminum hydroxide colloid is very strong, which canAdsorbed waterThe suspended impurities in the water will form sediment to make the water clear.Therefore, alum is an effectiveWater purifying agent。
However, aluminum contained in alum is harmful to human health.Drinking alum purified water for a long time may causeAlzheimer disease。Therefore, alum is not recommended as water purification agent[4]。
Preparation method
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1. NaturalAluniteThe alunite is crushed by processing methodroasting Dehydration, weathering, steam leaching, sedimentation, crystallization and crushing to produce finished aluminum potassium sulfate.
3．Recrystallization methodCoarse alum is boiled with water, evaporated, crystallized, separated and dried to obtain finished aluminum potassium sulfate.
5. Dissolve 18.37g of potassium sulfate in 70g of water at 100 ℃, and 70.24gAluminum sulfate octahydrateAltwo(SOfour)three·18HtwoO dissolved in 60g of water at 100 ℃.Mix the two solutions while they are hot and keep stirringMixed liquidCool down slowly.When the solution is cooled to 20 ℃, about 85g of twelve water can be obtainedaluminum sulfateCrystallization of potassium.
6. Recrystallization method is adopted.The industrial aluminum potassium sulfate is dissolved in water, and then purified, impurities removed, filtered, concentrated, crystallized, centrifuged, dehydrated and dried to produce aluminum potassium sulfate.
staysulfateIt can be used as a buffer in galvanizing to stabilize the ph value of the plating solution.Aluminum potassium sulfate is used for sulfate zinc plating, brush zinc plating andmagnesium alloyOfchemical oxidation , can also be used for sewage treatmentCoagulantIf it is used for galvanizing, attention should be paid to the content of iron and heavy metals.
Medical field
Alum is cold and sour, with strongConvergence action。Traditional Chinese medicine believes that alum has the effects of detoxification, insect killing, dampness drying, itching, hemostasis, diarrhea, heat clearing and phlegm elimination, and anti vaginaltrichomonadEtc.Some Chinese medicine uses alum to treatHyperlipidemia、duodenal ulcer, pulmonary tuberculosis, hemoptysis and other diseases[5]。
Deep fryingDeep-Fried Dough SticksWhen puffing (cake) or food, if baking soda is added to flour and then alum is added, the production of carbon dioxide will be accelerated, greatly accelerating the puffing speed.In this way, the dough sticks (cakes) can be quickly inflated and fluffy in the hot oil pan.
Safety Alert : in alumAluminium ionAndsenile dementiaandIntellectual impairment in childrenHighly relevant, aluminum containing food additives have been banned by the state.This item is only for science popularization, and it is not allowed to use any additives containing alum to make food in daily life.Manufacturing aluminum containing food for sale may also constitute a crime.[2]
Aluminium ion pairnervous systemThe injury of the lung cancer is long and lasting, and can show obvious symptoms only after ten years or even decades.Since ancient timesaverage life spanShort, lack of enough clinicalepidemiologyAs evidence, the ancients often believed that alum was non-toxic.Must not be personal experience or around solitary cases let alone non-toxic alum, eating is no harm.Try to avoid using it in daily food.If medical application is required, it is necessary toclinicianOr under the guidance of TCM doctors[6]。
Calculate chemical data
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1. Calculation of drainage parametersreference value(XlogP): None
Made in ChinaAnhui ProvinceLujiang bauxiteEtc.ZhejiangCangnan CountyFanshan TownIt is known as the "World Alum Capital" for its rich alum ores.Its alum ore reserves account for about 60% of the world's and 80% of China's, and the mineral reserves are distributed in five adjacentOre beltOn.
Safety measures
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Health hazards
If ingested, it is harmful and has fetal toxicity, which will lead todigestive systemimbalance.
Leakage treatment
Avoid dust generation.Avoid breathing vapours, fumes or gases.Do not allow products to entersewer。 Sweep and shovel.Place in a suitable closed container for disposal.
First aid measures
If inhaled, move the patient to fresh air.asApnea, perform artificial respiration.
In case of skin contact, wash with soap and plenty of water.
2. The experiment of convergence and solid removal shows that alum water has a strong convergence effect. Alum is very irritating when taken orally, so it is mostly used externally to stop perspiration;It can also treat leukorrhea andulcer(The concentration is 1%~5%).
Alum injection, alum solution andaluminum sulfateLiquid pairRatIn vitro rectum, it has obvious inhibitory effect. When the concentration exceeds 4%~6%, the protein coagulates and denatures, making the rectum lose its peristaltic function;After 8% alum solution is injected around the rectumSerous membraneandsmooth muscleCoagulative necrosis, and then formedsterileSexual adhesions, so that each layer of rectum and rectumOrganizational fixationIt is reported that 4% alum solution is applied locally to animalsUterine prolapseIt also has a certain role.
3. Anti vaginal trichomonas 10% alum solution in test tube（Culture mediumThe ratio with the liquid medicine is 1:1), which has obvious anti vaginal trichomonas effect.
4. The role of coagulating protein Alum andproteinMeetInsolubleAlum water can precipitate serum immediately in vitro and has a strong effect of coagulating protein. This product can be used for hemostasis, such asEpistaxisThe saturated alum solution soaked in cotton balls can be put into the nostrils. It is reported that alumCatechuIt can treat pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis by taking orally. It is made of alum and turmericBaijin PillyesrabbitExperimental hyperlipidemia is effective.
6. LocalIrritant effectLocal irritation is very strong. Local injection of 0.3-0.5mL of 15% solution makes rabbits manic and restless, local redness, swelling and ulceration, 0.3mLintravenous injection, causing rabbits to shiver and breathe urgently,Terminal blood vesselIt turns purple, showing anoxic phenomenon.
Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine
⒈《Compendium》：AluniteIt can be used for four purposes:TuliThe phlegm and saliva of wind and heat, take its bitterness to discharge;Cure all blood pains,Prolapse of anus，Yin Ting，Sore, take it as sour and astringent;curePhlegm retention, discharge dysentery, collapse, belt, eye of wind, take it to get dry and wet;It can cure throat obstruction, carbuncle and gangrene, snake and insect bites, and detoxify them.
⒉《Herbal Classic》: Alumina is sour, cold and non-toxic, dry and astringent in nature, detoxifying, removing heat and turbidity.Covering cold and heat to relieve dysenteryDamp heatWhat she did, a white woman, was mostly caused byCollapseThe astringency stops the withdrawal.EclipseAcne, also predestinedWet fire，Ocular painMany byWind heat。DesolidationHeat in bone marrowIf the teeth are firm, the marrow will be empty if it is robbed by heat, soOsteopeniaThe tooth floats, and alum penetrates into the bone to remove heat, so it is also the master.Nasal exenterationpolypIt is also the power of disinfection to remove heat and dampness.Alum《This Sutra》It is mainly used to relieve cold and heat diarrhea. This cover refers to chronic diarrhea, collapse and slipping, due to cold and heat.The alum property is too astringent, and astringency can stop the bleeding, so it can control it.If you are hot and humid,Product lagIf there are too many mistakes, we should be cautious.The woman Bai Woduo has gone from collapse, so she uses astringency to solidify her target, and never tries to find the root cause.Ocular painPterygiumAnd haveExternal barrierIs not appropriate.In addition to heat fixation in bone marrow, it can only be guided by it. If it is said to be used alone, it will be harmful.Alumina is dry and canRobbing waterTherefore, it does not benefit the tooth bone.
⒊《Changsha Pharmacolysis》: alunite, entering the spleen of TaiyinBladder Meridian of Foot TaiyangIt is good at reducing dampness and removing stasis,IcterusIt can be eliminated. Leucorrhea can be eliminated.Golden ChamberAlunite pillGoverning womenBelt downIt is not good to block the flow of water, and there is no end of hard hide. There is dry blood in it and white matter in it.It is caused by alum petrification and septicemiaDispel ruffIt is hard, reduces dampness and astringes semen,AlmondBreaking the DepressionStagnation of qiAlso.Nitrate alum powder is used to treat female labor with black jaundice, and it benefits water with its dryness and dampness.《daughter》Alunite pillBeriberi rush to the heartWith its dryness and wetness.The alum stone is sour, astringent, dry and cracked. It can absorb moisture and dissipate blood stasis. It is good at spitting out old phlegm for drinking. The phlegm and saliva coagulate and stick between the upper and lower orifices and tunnels. It is firm and immovable. The alum stone is collected and swept away. It is not based on the root, and the Tibetan government cannot tolerate it. The higher is self spitting, and the lower is self spitting. In fact, it is not spitting.Good governanceCarbuncle gangreneWithZhongqiBefore failure, carbuncle and gangrene developed, and the flesh decayed and purulent, while new muscles grew, and there was nothing left to do. Yang was weak and the earth was wet, and qi was weak. carbuncle and gangrene could not develop,InvaginationThe damage to the house collection is to die. The water in the house of alum collection is wet, the soil is dry and the air is reached. It is to heal.
4. "This Classic": It mainly focuses on cold and hot diarrhea, white, yin erosion, sore eyes, hard bones and teeth.
5. Bielu: In addition to the fixation of heat in the bone marrow, remove polyps in the nose.
⒎《Rihuazi Herb》: Eliminating wind and labor, eliminating phlegm and thirst, keeping warm water.Treatment of apoplectic aphasia,Scabies。It can sweat when bathing with peach person and onion soup.
Therefore, five departments including the National Health and Family Planning Commission stipulated that from July 1, 2014, steamed breadHair cakeEqual surface products (exceptFried Noodle ProductsPaste for hanging slurryPowder coating, FriedFried flourNo aluminum can be addedBulking agentAluminium potassium sulfateandAmmonium aluminum sulfate, which is commonly known as "alum", while the complex leavening agent (i.ebaking powder）The main components of the are also the above two substances.It is no longer allowed to use any aluminum containing food additives in puffed food.[3]
