Calcite is a kind ofcalcium carbonateIt is the most common mineral in natural calcium carbonate.[1]Therefore, calcite is a widely distributed mineral.The crystal shapes of calcite are various, and their aggregates can be clusters of crystals, granular, massive, fibrous, stalactitic, earthy, etc.You can get a lot by knocking calcitesquareThe fragment is called calcite.[1]
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Chinese name
Large solution
Foreign name
calcite
Molecular formula
CaCOthree
molecular weight
one hundred point zero nine
CAS No
471-34-1
Mohs hardness
three
Main components
(Composed of Ca (calcium), C (carbon) and O (oxygen)element
Calcite is a kind of calcium carbonatemineral, naturalcalcium carbonateThe most common one is it.Therefore, calcite is a widely distributed mineral.CalciticcrystalThey have various shapesAggregateIt can be clusters of crystals, granular, massive, fibrous, stalactitic, earthy, etc.Many square fragments can be obtained by knocking calcite, so it is called Fangjie.The color of calcite varies with the impurities contained in it, such asironmanganeseIt is light yellow, light red, brown black, etc.But most of them are white or colorless.Colorless transparent calcite is also calledIceland stoneThis kind of calcite has a wonderful feature, that is, through it you can see the object showing a double image.Therefore, iceland spar is an important optical material.Calcite islimestoneandmarbleThe main mineral of the mineral has many uses in production and life.We know that limestone can formlimestone cave, caveStalactite、stalagmiteWhite marble is actually made of calcite.Calcite often contains isomorphic substitutes such as Mn, Fe, Zn, Mg, Pb, Sr, Ba, Co, TR, etc;When they reach a certain amount, they can formManganese calcite, iron calcite, zinc calcite, magnesium calcite and other varieties.In addition, hydroxides of brucite, dolomite, iron, oxides, sulfides, quartz and other mechanical mixtures are also common in the crystal.Tripartite system;Common sound crystals.The shapes are various, and there are more than 600 different shapes.The rhombohedron or compound triangular deltoid is mainly in the form of parallel columns, parallel plates and various states.Calcite often forms contact twin crystals, and more often forms flake twin crystals. The orientation of this flake twin crystal grain on the cleavage plane is different from that of dolomite. In nature, the appearance of such flake twin crystals can be used to explain that calcite once suffered from geological stress after its formation.[2]
component
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calcite
Calcite,[3]chemical composition CaO56.03%, COtwoAccounting for 43.97%, often containingMnandFe, sometimes includingSr[3]。Its name comes from its easy breaking into small square pieces along its cleavage,Li ShizhenOn《Compendium of Materia Medica》It is believed that calcite is "like anhydrite in pieces, which will be broken into pieces after being hit. If the wall is bright, it is called calcite".
Good crystals are often seen in calciteCrystal formThere are hexagonal columns {1010} andRhombohedronOf {0112}PolymorphThe rhombohedral {1011} single crystal (the same shape as the cleavage block) is relatively rare;According to (0112)Flake twinIt is common and is the result of stress;Also presented as {0001}Contact twin。AggregateGranular, dense massive, stalactitic, nodular, oolitic, pisolitic, earthy (chalk), etc[3]。
The color of calcite varies with the impurities contained in it, such asironManganese is light yellow, light red, brown black, etc., but generally white or colorless.Colorless transparent calcite is also calledIceland stone(due to its abundance inIcelandNamed after[3]）This kind of calcite has a wonderful feature that objects can be seen as double images through it. Therefore, iceland stones are importantoptical material 。Calcite islimestoneandmarbleThe main mineral of the mineral has many uses in production and life.We know that limestone can form karst cavesstalagmiteWhite marbleWait is actually made of calcite.
On August 17, 2004,Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang CityXu's Jewelry Studio donated two of the world's largest calcite gemstones that it had successfully developed toChina Geological Museumcollection.One of the gemstones (right) is a light yellow, upside down Portuguese carved calcite gem, weighing 172.5 carats;The other (left) is a golden brown, close hexagonal calcite gem, weighing 84carat。Both of these stones weigh more than those collected in the United StatesSmithsonian Museum75. 8 carat golden brown stepped polished calcite gem.These two calcite gemstones were carefully researched and carved by Guiyang Xu's Jewelry Studio from 2000 to 2002, which filled the gap in the processing of colorful calcite gemstones in China.
Calcite veins with or without ore are often formed in hydrothermal activities.In the crystal cavity, there are often good crystals.
stayMagmatismCalcite often accounts for about 80% of the carbonate formed.
In addition, calcite also acts asclastic sedimentary rocks OfCement，Basic magmatic rockAltered minerals participate in various rocks.Because of groundwater activity, calcite veins are often filled in the cracks of various rocks.
Tripartite system-R c；RhombohedronCell: arh=0.637 nm, α=46 ° 07 ';Z=2；If it is converted to hexagonal (double body center) lattice, ah=0.499 nm, ch=1.706 nm; Z=6.[1]The calcite type structure is described in the general part of Chapter 22 of Mineralogy.
The crystal structure of calcite can be derived from NaCl structure.Imagine flattening the crystal structure of NaCl along a cubic axiscarbonic acidThe root ion and Ca ion are respectively placed on the position of Cl ion and Na ion of deformed NaCl structure, and the plane triangular carbonate ion is arranged vertically along the cubic axis, which is a common intact crystal of calcite crystal structure (see Figure [Crystal Structure of Calcite]).The shapes are various, and there are more than 600 different shapes.The rhombohedron or compound triangular deltoid developed mainly in parallel [0001] columnar shape, parallel {0001} plate shape and various states (Figure H-1).Calcite often forms contact twins according to (0001), more often according to (01 2Flake twinThe orientation of this lamellar bicrystal pattern on the cleavage plane is different from that of dolomite (Figure H-2). In nature, the appearance of this lamellar bicrystal can be used to explain that calcite was subjected to geological stress after its formation.
Colorless or white, sometimes dyed by Fe, Mn, Cu and other elements into light yellow, light red, purple, brown black.Colorless and transparent calcite is calledIceland stone(icespar)。Cleavage {101} is complete;Under the influence of stress, it slides along the direction of {01 2} lamellar twins to split.Hardness 3.The relative density is 2.6~2.9.Some calcites have rotational activity.
Calcite is the most important rock forming ore in the crust.English name: calcite, a metamorphic rock,Carbonate mineral, chemical composition: CaCOthree, threeCristobalite system, three groups completecleavage , fracture;Glassy luster. Fully transparent totranslucentIt is generally white or colorless. Because it contains other metal colouring elements, it presents light red, light yellow, light tea, rose red, purple, various colors, white streaks, hardness 2.704 -- 3.0, specific gravity 2.6~2.8, and it bubbles violently when encountering dilute hydrochloric acid. The crystal, which is very pure and completely transparent, is commonly known as Iceland SparBirefringenceFeatures and maximumpolarized lightFunction is a natural crystal that cannot be manufactured or replaced artificially.
Iceland spar is often used inPolarizing prismIf it is cut into a column in a certain way, it can be used as a microscopePrismTo detect the optical properties of minerals, the quality requirements must be: colorless and transparent, no bubbles or cracks inside, noBicrystalOr distortion, more than 0.5 inch (12.5 mm) cubic meter.Calcite is generally used in chemical industrycementAnd other industrial raw materials.Calcite inmetallurgical industry Upper usefluxIt is used to produce cement and lime in the construction industry.It is also used in plastics, paper making and toothpaste.It is used as filling additive in food.When calcite is added in glass production, the glass produced will become translucent, especially suitable for making glass lampshade.
Calcite is found in limestone mountain and widely exists in Tertiary and Quaternarylimestone, andMetamorphic rockIn the deposit.Calcite is the earth's rock forming ore, accounting for more than 40% of the total crust, and its types are no less than 200.Representative producing areas include China, Mexico, Britain, France, the United States and Germany.All countries in the world have mineral resources.Calcite is divided into large calcite, small calcite and Bingzhou calcite. China's calcite is mainly distributed in Guangxi, Jiangxi and Hunan. Guangxi calcite has high whiteness in the domestic market,Acid insoluble substanceFew but famous.Calcite can also be found in the northeast of North China, but it is often accompanied bydolomiteThe whiteness is generally below 94, and the acid insoluble matter is too high
colour
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calcite
Beige Calcite
Blue Calcite
Cobaltian Calcite containscobaltCalcite (South Africa)
[Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine] It contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3), of which CaO is 56%, COtwo44%。The mixture includes Mg, Fe, Mn and trace Zn, Sr.
[Efficacy] Clearing away heat and promoting diuresis;Tongmai Detoxification
[Textual Research] From
1. Collection of Notes to the Classic of Materia Medica
2. Lei Gong Paozhi: Although calcite is white and opaque, its nature is dry.
3. Compendium: Calcite andAnhydriteSimilar, all as clean asWhite quartzHowever, the broken pieces of knocks are anhydrite, and the square arris of blocks are calcite. Two types of cover are available for general use.
[Family classification] Calcium compounds
calcite
[Latin name] Calcite
【 Indications 】 Keep heat and gas in the chest;jaundice
[Ecological environment] It is widely distributed and is an important part of endogenetic hydrothermal veins and sedimentary carbonate rocks.It occurs in sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks, and also occurs in metal veins, with good crystals.
[Harvesting and storage] Remove soil and miscellaneous stones after harvesting.
[Resource distribution] Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Guizhou, Tibet, Qinghai and other places have output.
[Drug taboo] Collection of Materia Medica: Croton.
[Animal and plant morphology] Trilateral crystal system.The crystal isRhombohedronThere are also columnar and tabular ones.Aggregates are usually in the form of stalactites or dense granules.The color is mostly colorless or milky white. If there is any mixture, it will be dyed into gray, yellow, rose, red, brown and other colors.It has glassy luster.Transparent to opaque.There is complete cleavage;It can be split in three different directions.The section is shell shaped.Hardness 3.Specific gravity 2.6-2.8.
[Efficacy classification] Heat clearing and dampness drying drugs;solutionpoison
[Processing method] Wash and dry, and smash into small pieces.
[Usage and dosage] Internal use: decoction, 3-5 yuan;Or add powder.
[Source] Chinese Materia Medica, Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine
effect
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calcite crystal
1. TreatmentOsteoporosisPrevent arteriosclerosis, memory decline, eliminate odor and moisture.
2. It can filter air odor, and is a famous "fragrance master".It can be used to improve the smell and energy in the environment.
3. The original stone is placed in the car, kitchen, toilet, cabinet and other places with peculiar smell.He is an expert in deodorization.
Orange, red
(Heart chakra) Calcite is joyful and joyful, which can reconcile misunderstandings and quarrels between lovers and couples and enhance feelings.It is a happy and happy gem.
gules
Balance the center wheel.
green
Green calcite is suitable for filtering dirty air, indoor musty smell and moisture.(In fact, calcite of any color also has this effect)
golden
(Eyebrow center wheel) Golden calcite is suitable for people who like to pursue truth.It can balance the third eye points.
black
Black calcite can make people cautious and help planners and strategists.
blue
(Balance all chakras)
Blue calcite can unlock, heal and balance all chakras.Especially effective for the center wheel.
transparent
(Balance the top wheel) Transparent calcite can enhance the understanding of truth and help to calm the mind.Balance the top wheel.
violet
Purple calcite can make people feel at ease in all kinds of encounters.
gray
Gray calcite can make people have a clear mind and make correct judgments on things.
Scientifically speaking, calcite is just a kind of calcium carbonate, which is no different from lime to human body.Even according to Buddhism, don't expect a stone everywhere to be an elixir.The above curative effects are just propaganda means.
Identification method
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Calcite, as a common carbonate mineral, widely exists in nature.On the hand specimen, usually gray white to white, three groups of complete cleavage can be seen;Dropping dilute hydrochloric acid strongly foams;Hardness is less than knife.Under monopolarized light, the calcite twin is parallel to the long diagonal of the rhombic crystal.High grade white stems can be seen in the orthogonal polarized light.In cast sheet, the mixed dye of alizarin red and potassium ferricyanide is usually used for dyeing, and calcite is dyed red.
Collection information
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Picture description: continuous crystal;Grayish white;Streaks white;The colorless and transparent one is iceland stone, while the variegated one has poor transparency;Glass luster;Hardness 2.50~3.75;Specific gravity 2.6 ～ 2.9g/cm;{1011} is complete.
