New Zealand（English: New Zealand), the capitalWellington, onthe pacific oceanSouthwest, westTasman SeaAndAustraliaAcross the countrySouth Island、North IslandTwo large islands andStewart Island And some nearby islands.Between the South and North Islands isCook Strait。genusTemperate marine climate。The whole territory is mountainous, with narrow plains and rich forest resources.The total area is about 270000 square kilometers,coastlineIt is about 15000 kilometers long, and there are 11 regions, 5 single districts and 67 regional administrative agencies in China.As of June 2023, the total population of New Zealand is 5.223 million, of which 70% are descendants of European immigrants and 17% are Maori.The official languages are EnglishMaori。Nearly half of the residents believe in Christianity.
Since 1350,maoriSettle in New Zealand.In 1642, Dutch sailors landed in New Zealand.From 1769 to 1777, Captain Cook of England went to New Zealand five times successively.After that, Britain immigrated to New Zealand in large numbers and announced its occupation.On February 6, 1840, Britain forced Maori patriarchs to sign《Treaty of Waitangi 》New Zealand became a British colony.In 1907, it became an independent British dominion, and its politics, economy and diplomacy were controlled by Britain.In 1947, New Zealand became a sovereign state, but it still belonged toCommonwealthMembers.
In the 10th century, fromCook IslandsAnd Tahiti'spolynesiaSailors came to New Zealand by canoe.By the 12th century, many settlements had been distributed throughout the country.Since 1350,maoriSettle in New Zealand.
In 1642, the Dutch navigatorAbel Jansson TasmanDiscover New Zealand'sWest CoastBut when he tried to land, he was attacked by Maori and left quickly. But he named this land Nieuw Zealand after a region in the Netherlands. He drew a map of part of the west coast, but did not land here.
Captain James Cook is communicating with the Maori after landing
1769-1777, EnglandCaptain CookAfter arriving in New Zealand for five times, Britain immigrated to New Zealand in large numbers and announced its occupation.Later, people who catch seals and whales also came here,missionarySoon, settlements began to be established.
In 1840, New Zealand estimated that the Maori population was 100000, about 2000 European settlers (Maori called them Pakeha,White）It was distributed in coastal areas. There was no national government or national leader in New Zealand at that time. Maori and white groups asked Britain to provide some protection and law and order.
Signing site of Treaty of Waitangi
On February 6, 1840, Britain forced Maori patriarchs to signTreaty of WaitangiThe treaty made New Zealand a British self-governing colony.This treaty is considered as the founding document of New Zealand. It gives early pioneers the right to settle in New Zealand and promises that Maori will continue to own their land, forests and fisheries according to their wishes. This treaty states that Maori will make their own decisions on land and lifestyle, and promise to establish a government so that all people can live a peaceful and legal life.The treaty also established the right of New Zealanders to enjoy British citizens. The treaty is still "current" and is a controversial topic in New Zealand's ethnic relations.After the signing of this treaty, more people began to settle here. Most people went to South Island to settle there. The land there is suitable for farmingOtago And the west coastgold mine。
In 1854, the New Zealand Parliament was established.In 1856, New Zealand became a self-governing colony of Britain.
In the 19th century, more people came to live in the North Island than in the South.By the 1880s, the national population had increased to 200000, and railway and road construction had begun. Settlers' establishment of farms had become the backbone of New Zealand's economy.
In 1893, New Zealand became the first womanThe right to voteAt that time, Britain was still an important part of New Zealand culture and was often referred to as "home".
In 1907, New Zealand became independent and became a British self-governing territory, with politics, economy and diplomacy under British control.Thousands of New Zealanders represented Britainthe First World WarBy 1918, half of the participants had died or been injured in the war.
In 1947, New Zealand became a sovereign stateCommonwealthMembers.
geographical environment
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Regional location
New Zealand is located inthe pacific oceanSouthwest, with a total area of about 270000 square kilometersSouth Island、North IslandAnd some small islands. The north and south islands areCook Straitbe apart.Western septumTasman SeaAndAustraliaFacing each other and adjacent to the northNew Caledonia 、Tonga、Fiji。The territory is 1600 kilometers long, 450 kilometers wide from east to west, 15000 kilometers long coastline, and 4000000 square kilometers of territorial sea area.
New Zealand
topographic features
New Zealand is mountainous, with mountains and hills accounting for more than 75% of the national area, and the plains are narrow.South IslandCook PeakWith an altitude of 3754m, it is the highest peak in New Zealand.
Topographic map of New Zealand
climate
New ZealandTemperate marine climate, because it is located in the southern hemisphere, the season is opposite to the northern hemisphere.The average temperature is about 25 ℃ in summer and 10 ℃ in winter, and the annual temperature difference is generally not more than 15 ℃.The average annual rainfall of North Island is 1000~1500mm, and that of South Island is 600~1000mm.
natural resources
mineral resources
New Zealand's mineral reserves mainly include coal, gold, iron ore, natural gas, as well as silver, manganese, tungsten, phosphate, oil, etc., but the reserves are small.In 2016, the proven oil reserves were 64.1 million barrels, natural gas reserves were 127 million cubic feet, and underground coal reserves reached 15 billion tons.
Forest resources
New Zealand's mountain valleys are covered with green trees
New Zealand is rich in forest resources, with a forest area of 10.1 million hectares, accounting for 38% of the national land area, of which 8 million hectares are natural forests and 2.1 million hectares are planted by people. The main products are logs, round logs, wood pulp, paper and boards.
water resource
New Zealand's rivers are short and fast, and navigation is inconvenient, but water resources are abundant.There are many hot springs on the North Island, and glaciers and lakes on the South Island.
administrative division
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Zoning Details
Regions of New Zealand
New Zealand has 11 regions, 5 single districts and Chatham Islands territory;67 district administrations (including 13 city halls, 53 district councils and the Chatham Islands Council).The 11 regions are: northern region, Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Hawkes Bay, Taranaki, Manawatu Wanganui, Wellington, West Bank, Canterbury, Otago and southern region.The five single jurisdictions are Auckland, Gisborne, Tasman, Nelson and Marburg.Major cities include Wellington, Auckland, Christchurch (Christchurch), Hamilton, Dunedin, etc.
Wellington, is the capital of New Zealand.Located at the southern end of the North Island, it is the southernmost capital on earth and the second largest city in New ZealandSydneyandMelbourneAnd become the cultural center of Oceania together.With an area of 290 square kilometers and a population of 217000 (2021), the average temperature is about 16 ℃ in summer and 8 ℃ in winter.About 8.6% of them are Maori, and most of the rest are descendants of British and Irish immigrants.English is the common language, Maori people use Maori, and most of the residents are Catholic and Protestant.The marine climate is mild and humid.
Wellington is economically developed, with a gross regional product of NZ $28.1 billion (2021.7-2022.6). High value-added and high-tech services account for 56% of the city's total economy.The main industries include financial services, information technology, film and multimedia production.The city's film production industry is at the world's leading level.World renowned films such as The Lord of the Rings trilogy, King Kong and Avatar were all produced in Wellington.The Port of Nicholson in Wellington is the second largest port in China after Auckland, with an annual cargo throughput of 7 million tons.
Wellington is the cultural and educational center of New Zealand, with a complete education system, including primary schools, secondary schools, vocational schools, teachers colleges and universities. Adult education and vocational and technical education are developed.Victoria University is the oldest university in Wellington and one of the important research institutes in New Zealand.Messi University, Otago University and Vitoria Institute of Technology all have campuses in the city.There are many cultural facilities in the city, including New Zealand National Museum, National Library and Wellington Art Museum.[7]
Wellington is a transportation hub between the two islands of New Zealand.Wellington is also one of the best deep-water ports in the world.Under the influence of marine climate, the weather is warm.Wellington is located in a fault zone. In addition to a flat land near the sea, the whole city is built near the mountain.In 1855, a major earthquake caused serious damage to the port. Today, Wellington was rebuilt after 1948.Wellington is close to the bay, and because of its high terrain, it is often attacked by the sea breeze. It is windy most days of the year. It is the city with the highest average wind speed in the world, so it is called "Windy City".[4]
Auckland Scenery
AucklandIt is the largest city in New Zealand on the North Island, the largest and most economically active city in New Zealand, and the most important industrial base, with the largest port in New Zealand.Both sides of the isthmus are good ports, which are convenient for shipping and important naval bases.Auckland is the largest industrial and trade center and transportation hub in China, and the distribution center of livestock products in the north.The main industries include machinery, shipbuilding, meat and milk processing, sugar making, paper making, fertilizer, etc;There is a steel factory nearby.It mainly exports dairy products, meat, leather, wool and wood.Auckland is a world leader in food and beverage, high-end manufacturing, creative industry, marine economy, biotechnology, information technology and other fields.
Auckland is the gateway of New Zealand's foreign trade and an important road, railway and air transportation hub.Auckland International Airport, the largest international airport in New Zealand, is only 30 minutes' drive from the center of Auckland.Auckland Port has the largest container terminal in New Zealand. About 46% of the imported goods and about 25% of the exported goods in New Zealand come in and out of the port.Auckland is the largest and busiest commercial and financial center in New Zealand, where the New Zealand Stock Exchange and the headquarters of many large banks are located.The world's most important multinational companies have offices in Auckland.Auckland is a gathering place of New Zealand's international culture. It is a beautiful garden city with developed tourism.
Auckland has developed higher education, among which the University of Auckland, founded in 1883, is widely known in the world.The University of Auckland has the largest scale and the largest number of departments. It has the only famous department in the world among the universities in New Zealand, such as computer science, engineering, medicine, pharmacy, architecture and optometry.[6]
New Zealand FlagIt is rectangular, and the ratio of length to width is 2:1.The bottom of the flag is dark blue, and the top left isBritish flagThere are four red five pointed stars with white edges on the right.New Zealand isCommonwealthMember States, the "meter" pattern indicates the traditional relationship with Britain;Four starsSouthern Cross, indicating that the country is located in the southern hemisphere, and it also symbolizes independence and hope.[2]
national emblem
New Zealand National Emblem
New Zealand National EmblemThe central pattern of isCoat of arms。There are five patterns on the shield surface;Four five pointed stars representSouthern Cross, symbolizing New Zealand;Wheat bale represents agriculture;Sheep represent the developed animal husbandry of the country;The crossed axes symbolize the industry and mining industry of the country;The three sailing ships show the importance of the country's maritime trade.The right side of the coat of arms is the one holding weaponsmaoriOn the left are European immigrant women holding national flags;There is an English topQueen Elizabeth II The crown used in the coronation ceremony symbolizes that the British Queen is also the head of state of New Zealand;Below is New ZealandFern"New Zealand" is written on the ribbon in English.
national anthem
New Zealand has two national anthems of equal status:《God bless New Zealand》(God Defence New Zealand) and《God bless the Queen》（God Save The Queen）。If the reigning male monarch, the national anthem will be changed to《God bless the king》（God Save The King）。God Bless the Queen is the national anthem andCommonwealthThe national anthem is not usually played.The first half of the New Zealand national anthem is in Maori and the second half is in English. The application of the New Zealand national anthem is managed by the New Zealand Culture and Tradition Department.
national flower
Koru
Koru It is the national flower and national tree of New Zealand.In Maori legend, silver fern originally lived in the sea, and then was invited to live in the forests of New Zealand to guide the Maori people, which played a very important role and significance.Once upon a time, Maori hunters and soldiers used to recognize their way home by the shining silver leaves of silver ferns.As long as the leaves are turned over, the silver side will reflect the brightness of the stars and the moon, illuminating the path through the forest.
Silver fern has become the national tree of New Zealand because of its tenacious vitality.New Zealanders believe that the silver fern can reflect the national spirit of New Zealand, so this plant has become a unique symbol and honorary representative of New Zealand. The design of silver fern can be found all over the country, no matter in the badges on people's chest or in the labels of products and services.
National tree
Tetraptera japonicaIt is one of the national trees of New Zealand. Because it is widely distributed in New Zealand and is native to New Zealand, it is named as one of the national trees.It is mostly found in valleys, roadsides and near villages.Light loving, deep rooted, fast growth.The wood is hard and elastic, which is used for building ships, vehicles, appliances and sculptures;The flower bud and fruit are used as medicine. The flower bud is called "four winged locust flower" or "four winged locust rice".
national bird
Kiwi
Kiwi, also known asKiwi , scientific name iskiwi。Kiwi is a rare bird unique to New Zealand and has been selected as the country's "national bird".Maori, the earliest resident of New Zealand, named this bird "keee weee" as a strange bird.This flightless bird is the size of a hen, with a slender beak and feathers as thin as hair.Its power is amazing, and it can kick the same kind 1.5 meters away.Kiwi is listedWorld Conservation Union(IUCN) International Red Book of Birds, 2009 ver 3.1 - Vulnerable (VU).Of《Washington Convention》Appendix II: Class I protected animals.
Guoshi
Greenstone
Green stone, also called green jade, also calledJade 、Emerald jade、Jadeite、Burma jade, a kind of jade, whose color is emerald green (called emerald) or red (called jadeite).Is mainly formed during geological processJadeite、OmphaciteandSodium chromite pyroxeneIt is composed of a polycrystalline aggregate of jade grade.The handicraft carved from greenstone is regarded as a talisman by New Zealanders, and greenstone is regarded as a national stone.
population
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As of June 2023, the total population of New Zealand is 5.223 million.Among them, descendants of European immigrants account for 70%, Maori people account for 17%, Asian people account for 15%, and Pacific island people account for 8% (some are multi-ethnic identity).[3]
New Zealand has a high degree of urbanization. More than 57% of the population lives in cities with more than 30000 people. According to the 2018 census, they mainly live in Auckland (1.57 million), Wellington (500000) and Canterbury (590000). The population of Auckland accounts for about 1/3 of the total population of the country.
According to the 2018 census data, the number of Chinese who settled in New Zealand is 260000, which is one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in New Zealand, and the second largest group of Asians (710000). Indians rank first in the number of Asians with 280000 people.New Zealand Chinese are mainly distributed in Auckland, Christchurch and Wellington.China has become one of New Zealand's major source countries of immigrants.
Politics
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regime
New Zealand is a parliamentary country with a multi-party cabinet system.The Governor appoints the leader of the party that won the parliamentary election to form a cabinet.The Prime Minister, the Cabinet and the legislature hold state power.The Cabinet is composed of the majority of the Congress.
constitution
New Zealand has no written constitution.Its constitution is composed of a series of laws and amendments passed successively by the British Parliament and the New Zealand Parliament, as well as certain decisions of the British Privy Council.
parliament
The unicameral system, with only the House of Representatives, was established in 1854.Members are elected by universal suffrage for a three-year term.New Zealand held the 54th parliamentary elections on October 14.At present, a new parliament has yet to be formed.
government
The Executive Council, composed of the Governor and Ministers, is the highest statutory executive body.The Executive Council is presided over by the Governor, and in the absence of the Governor the Prime Minister or a senior minister.The Governor must be guided in the exercise of his powers by the recommendations of the Executive Council.The cabinet wields real power.A new government is being formed.
judicial
There are the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal, the High Court, several local courts and special courts dealing with employment, family, youth affairs, Maori affairs, environment and other related legal issues.The Supreme Court was established on January 1, 2004, replacing the British Privy Council as the Court of Final Appeal, consisting of the Chief Justice and four judges.The current Chief Justice isHelen Winkelman(Helen Winkelmann), took office on March 14, 2019.The Court of Appeal is composed of the President and nine judges. The current President is Mark Cooper, who will take office in April 2022.The High Court is composed of 38 judges and 7 associate judges. The current Chief Justice is Susan Thomas, who will take office on June 1, 2020.
party
There are 18 registered political parties.Mainly:
（1）the labor party(Labour Party): Established in 1916.It mainly represents the interests of low - and middle-income people, and trade unions and Maori are its traditional supporters.It advocates democratic socialism, attaches importance to the social welfare system, and increases government intervention in social policies.He has been in power for many times.After the 2017 general election, it was in power jointly with the New Zealand Priority Party and the Green Party.In 2020, the government will be jointly established with the Green Party.The current leader, Chris Shipkins.
(2) National Party: It was formed by the merger of the Liberal Party and the Reform Party in 1936.It mainly represents the interests of farmers, big entrepreneurs, lawyers, etc.He advocates free market economy and privatization, opposes excessive government intervention in the economy, strictly standardizes welfare policies, and cuts government spending.He has been in power for many times.After the 2017 general election, it became an opposition party, won the 2023 general election and is leading the formation of a cabinet.The current leader is Christopher Luxon.
(3) Green Party: Formerly known as the Value Party, it was founded in 1972 and merged with Greenpeace in 1990.Actively committed to the anti war, anti nuclear, environmental protection movement and safeguarding the interests of the elderly, poor families and other vulnerable groups.He joined the Alliance Party in 1991.He left the Union Party in 1999.After the general election in 2017, he was in power jointly with the Labor Party and the Priority Party.In 2020, we will jointly form a government with the Labor Party.Current leaders James Shaw and Marama Davidson.
（4）Action Party(ACT Party): Formerly known as the Consumer and Taxpayer Association founded by Roger Douglas, the minister of the Labor Party government, it was renamed in November 1994.On behalf of the interests of the business community, most supporters are big consortia and rich businessmen.The current leader is David Seymour.
(5) Maori Party: In April 2004, Tariana Turia, the Associate Minister of Maori Affairs, resigned and formed the Maori Party because of a disagreement with the Labour Government on the Maori issue.It advocates safeguarding the traditional interests of Maori people and protecting Maori culture, customs and language.The current joint leaders are Rawiri Waititi and Debbie Narewa Packer.
（6）New Zealand Priority Party(NZ First Party): Established in 1993, it formed a cabinet jointly with the National Party from 1996 to 1998 and the Labor Party from 2005 to 2008.It advocates increasing support for the economic development of places other than big cities, advocates restricting immigrants, opposes the sale of strategic land and assets to foreigners, and opposes relaxing the number of foreign students.After the general election in 2017, he was in power jointly with the Labor Party and the Green Party.The 2020 general election did not enter the parliament.The current leader is Winston Peters.
Other political parties include: Conservative Party, Opportunities Party, Advance Party, etc.
Dignitaries
Cindy Kiro: Governor.Female, the first Maori governor in New Zealand history, once served as the CEO of the New Royal Academy of Sciences.She has been engaged in public health, child welfare, education and other fields for a long time and won the "New Zealand Women's Jazz Medal".He will take office in October 2021.
Christopher Laxon: Premier.Leader of the opposition National Party.In 2020, he was elected to the New Zealand Parliament.He used to be the CEO of Air New Zealand and the spokesperson for the local government, research, science, manufacturing and land information affairs of the opposition National Party.Served as the leader of the National Party in November 2021[8]。On November 27, 2023 local time, Christopher Laxon became the Prime Minister of the new government[14]。
Winston Peters : Leader of the New Zealand Priority Party, Foreign Minister of New Zealand.[13]
Economics
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overview
New Zealand is a developed country with a high degree of marketization and legalization of the economy, transparent and efficient government management, political stability and social security.It has modern infrastructure and developed communication, highway, railway, marine and energy networks.The capital flow of this country is relatively free, and it is also one of the countries and regions with the lowest average tariff in the world.The employees are highly educated and have a variety of skills.
The 2020 Global Competitiveness Report released by the Lausanne School of Management in Switzerland shows that New Zealand ranks 22nd among the 63 most competitive countries or regions in the world.In the Global Business Environment Report 2020 released by the World Bank, New Zealand again ranked first among 190 economies in the world.
Agriculture and animal husbandry are the main industries, and the export of agricultural and animal husbandry products accounts for about 50% of the total export.The export volume of mutton and dairy products ranks first in the world, and the export volume of wool ranks third in the world.The main economic data are as follows:
GDP (2022): US $242.7 billion
GDP per capita (2022): about 47000 US dollars
Economic growth rate (2022): 5.9%.
Currency: New Zealand dollar (1 Singapore dollar ≈ 0.59 US dollars, October 2023).
Unemployment rate: 3.4% (December 2022).
Foreign exchange reserves: US $11.1 billion (December 2022).[4]
Agriculture
Agriculture is highly mechanized.The main crops are wheat, barley, oats, fruits, etc.Food cannot be self-sufficient and needs to be imported from Australia.In 2022, the export volume of dairy products will be 20.6 billion US dollars and that of meat products will be 9.8 billion US dollars.
Industry
New Zealand's industry is mainly agricultural, forestry and animal husbandry products processing, mainly including dairy products, blankets, food, leather, tobacco, paper making, wood processing and other light industries, and the products are mainly for export.In recent years, a number of heavy industries have been established, such as steelmaking, oil refining, aluminum refining and agricultural aircraft manufacturing.
Forestry
The forest area is 8.1 million hectares, including 6.3 million hectares of natural forests and 1.8 million hectares of man-made forests.The main export products are logs, wood paddles, paper and wood boards, and the main export markets are Australia, Japan, China, South Korea, the United States, Indonesia, Taiwan, China, etc.As of June 2022, the export value of New Zealand's forest products is US $6.64 billion.
Fisheries
Rich in fishery, it has the fourth largest exclusive economic zone in the world.The fishing potential in the 200 mile exclusive economic zone is about 500000 tons per year, and the annual commercial fishing and aquaculture of fish and shellfish is about 600000 to 650000 tons, more than half of which is for export.In 2022, the total export of fishery products will be NZ $1.9 billion.
Animal Husbandry
New Zealand has developed animal husbandry, which covers an area of 13.52 million hectares, half of the land area.Dairy products and meat are the most important export products.The export volume of coarse wool ranks first in the world, accounting for 25% of the world's total output.
By the end of 2019, there were 6.26 million cows in New Zealand.The dairy farming industry employs about 40000 people.Cow breeding is mainly based on pasture. Cows mainly feed on grass, supplemented by silage, hay and other crops in winter and other slow growing periods of forage.In 2020, there will be about 3.89 million New Zealand beef cattle on hand.About 700000 tons of adult beef and 30000 tons of veal are produced, 80% of which are used for export, and the remaining 20% are consumed domestically.
By the end of 2019, there were 26.82 million sheep in New Zealand.The number of sheep in New Zealand reached a peak of 70.3 million in 1982, and has been declining since then.In 2020, 360000 tons of adult mutton and 97000 tons of lamb will be produced, about 95% of mutton and 90% of wool products will be exported, and the rest will be consumed domestically.
By the end of 2019, there were 256000 pigs in New Zealand.Canterbury is the largest pig breeding area, accounting for more than 60% of the total.In 2020, 45000 tons of pork will be produced.Domestic production can only meet about 45% of the consumption demand. Imported pork, ham and bacon mainly from the EU, North America and Australia supplement domestic supply.A small amount of meat is exported to nearby Pacific island countries.[4]
Dairy industry
New Zealand dairy industry occupies a pivotal position in the national economy.There are more than 12000 pastures in China, with a total area of 11 million hectares, 80% of which are concentrated in the North Island.New Zealand mainly exports dairy products, such as milk powder, butter, cheese and cream.China is New Zealand's largest dairy export market.Fonterra Group is the largest enterprise in New Zealand and one of the largest dairy export enterprises in the world.New Zealand's dairy industry and the entire food and beverage industry are highly open. 25% of the industry's total output value is created by foreign-funded enterprises, and investors come from more than 60 countries and regions around the world.New Zealand is the world's largest exporter of whole milk powder and butter, and the third largest exporter of nonfat milk powder and cheese.
Finance
The fiscal year is from July 1 to June 30 of the next year.The economic growth rate is 2.4% (December 2022), and the inflation rate is 7.2% (December 2022).
central bank
Reserve Bank of New Zealand(Reserve Bank of New Zealand): Central Bank.It was established as a private bank in 1934 and became a national bank since 1936.The main functions are: to formulate and implement monetary policy;Managing currency issuance;Maintain a reasonable and effective financial system;Provide policy advice to the Minister of the Treasury and implement foreign exchange policies;The New Zealand Economic Outlook and New Zealand Financial Policy Statement will be released every six months.Adrian Orr, the current president.
Registered banks and non bank financial institutions
There are two types of commercial financial institutions in New Zealand: registered banks and non bank financial institutions.The banking system in New Zealand is highly centralized. As of April 30, 2018, there were 26 registered banks in New Zealand, of which ANZ, BNZ, ASB and WESPAC accounted for 87% of the whole financial market.In addition, there are 25 non bank financial companies.Existing commercial banks must obtain the approval of the National Reserve Bank before they can be licensed to operate, and are subject to the supervision of the Reserve Bank and the Securities Commission.
Chinese banks
On February 26, 2014, ICBC New Zealand Co., Ltd. officially opened in Auckland, becoming the 23rd registered bank in New Zealand, the first Chinese bank to enter New Zealand, and the first overseas subsidiary of ICBC.
On November 21, 2014, CCB New Zealand Branch officially opened in Auckland. On December 21, 2017, CCB successfully registered a branch, which is an important part of CCB's internationalization strategy.
On November 21, 2014, BOC New Zealand Branch officially opened in Auckland.On March 29, 2018, Bank of China successfully registered its branch.[4]
stock market
New Zealand Stock Exchange(New Zealand Exchange, NZX) reviews, approves, and supervises three securities trading markets: the main board, the small and medium-sized board, and the bond market.As of April 17, 2019, NZX had 164 listed companies with a market capitalization of S $147.8 billion.
New Zealand is a small and open economy, and the economic situation is the main factor affecting the stock market.In general, New Zealand securities rules are transparent, fair and reasonable.There is no limit on the rise and fall of the New Zealand stock market.Due to insufficient self owned capital, foreign investors own 60% to 70% of New Zealand shares.
insurance company
The insurance industry in New Zealand is relatively advanced in product design, customer service, compensation process, corporate governance, etc. Insurance companies of all sizes have their own "anti fraud teams".As early as February 1999, New Zealand's insurance industry peers jointly established ICR (Insurance Claims Register), the main function of which is to share the insurance credit records and fraud records of the insured, and provide accurate and reliable credit records for all insurance companies joining the organization.As of March 13, 2018, there are more than 90 registered insurance institutions in New Zealand. IAG is a leading insurance group in New Zealand. It has many brands, including NZI, State, AMI and Lumley. IAG has provided insurance services for New Zealand public since 1859, and also provided insurance products for major banks in New Zealand, such as ASBBNZ, Cooperative Bank and Westpac all have cooperative businesses.The main insurance companies in New Zealand also include VERO, TOWER, AA, AMI, AMP, etc.[4]
currency
The currency of New Zealand isNZD, printed and distributed by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (i.e. the Central Bank).Since March 1985, the government has implemented a free floating exchange rate policy for the New Zealand dollar. The rise and fall of the exchange rate is completely determined by the changes in supply and demand.When the market is abnormal, the Reserve Bank can intervene when it deems necessary.At present, the Reserve Bank intervenes in the exchange rate by adjusting the official cash rate (OCR).The benchmark interest rate will be about 1% in 2021.Affected by the international market, since August 2018, the New Zealand dollar has continued to decline, reaching the lowest level against the US dollar in three years.Since the second half of 2019, the New Zealand dollar has fallen sharply against the US dollar from 0.67.At the beginning of 2020, the New Zealand dollar began to rebound and returned to 0.67.Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, the global economy declined, and the New Zealand dollar fell to its lowest level in four years, and then continued to strengthen. By June 2021, the exchange rate of the New Zealand dollar against the US dollar had risen to 1 Singapore dollar to 0.72 US dollars.
On June 10, 2021, 1 New Zealand dollar can exchange for 4.58 yuan and 1 New Zealand dollar can exchange for 0.59 euros.[4]
tourism
The main sources of tourists are Australia, China, the United States and the United Kingdom.Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, 1.43 million foreign tourists will visit Singapore in 2022, an increase of 1.22 million over 2021.
foreign trade
Rely heavily on foreign trade.In 2022, New Zealand's total foreign trade in goods will be NZ $100.63 billion, including exports of NZ $45.86 billion and imports of NZ $54.77 billion.It mainly imports petroleum, mechanical and electrical products, automobiles, electronic equipment, textiles, etc., and exports dairy products, meat, forest products, crude oil, fruits, fish, etc.The main trading partners are China, the European Union, Australia, the United States, Japan, South Korea and Singapore.
In 2022, the new import and export volume of major trading partners will be (in 100 million Singapore dollars, the same below): China 213.7, Australia 138.6, the United States 123, Japan 44.7, South Korea 29.1;Exports to New Zealand: China 189.5, Australia 154.4, the United States 107, Singapore 82.1, Japan 52.9.
Trade in goods
In 2020, New Zealand's trade in goods totaled S $118.7 billion, including S $60.2 billion in exports, S $58.5 billion in imports and S $1.7 billion in trade surplus.The top five export destinations and import sources of goods trade are China, Australia, the United States, Japan and South Korea.In 2020, the top five export commodities are: dairy products, meat products, wood and wood products, fruit nuts and cereal food;The top five import commodities are: machinery products, motor vehicles, electronic machinery and equipment, crude oil fuel and plastic products.
service trade
In 2020, New Zealand's trade in services totaled S $35.55 billion, including S $18.28 billion in exports, S $17.27 billion in imports and S $1.01 billion in trade surplus.The top five export destinations of service trade are Australia, the United States, China, the United Kingdom and India;The top five import sources are Australia, the United States, Singapore, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.In 2020, the main service export products are: tourism, commercial services, transportation, telecommunications services and intellectual property services;The main imported products are commercial services, transportation, telecommunications services, tourism and insurance services.[4]
China Singapore Economy and Trade
Since the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries in 1972, China New Zealand economic and trade relations have been developing steadily and healthily.China is New Zealand's largest trade partner in goods, export market and source of imports.The main export commodities of China to New Zealand are mechanical and electrical products, machinery products and textiles, while the main import commodities from New Zealand are dairy products, logs and wood products, meat, etc.New Zealand has many "firsts" in developing economic and trade relations with China: New Zealand is the first developed country to complete negotiations with China on China's accession to the World Trade Organization, the first developed country to recognize China's market economy status, the first developed country to carry out bilateral free trade agreement negotiations with China, and the first developed country to sign a free trade agreement with China,The first developed country to sign a free trade agreement with Hong Kong, China, the first developed country to apply for joining the AIIB, and the first developed country to carry out negotiations on the upgrading of free trade agreements with China.[4]
In March 2010, New Zealand signed the Closer Economic and Trade Cooperation Agreement with Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, becoming the first country to sign a bilateral free trade agreement with Hong Kong.In January 2011, the agreement was officially implemented.In November, the Agreement between Hong Kong, China and New Zealand for the Avoidance of Double Taxation officially came into force.In October 2013, New Zealand Commerce and Industry Office and Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office signed the Agreement on Economic Cooperation between New Zealand and Taiwan, Penguin, Kinshasa and Malaysia in Separate Customs Zones.[5]
outbound investment
As of December 2021, New Zealand's overseas investment stock is S $347.17 billion, and its main investment destinations are Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, etc.
With the growth of China's economy and the continuous development of bilateral economic and trade cooperation, China and New Zealand have developed from a single trade relationship to a multi field, multi-level and multi form economic and trade cooperation.New Zealand's investment in China mainly involves agriculture and forestry, light industry, textile, metallurgy, food processing, medicine, computer and other fields.[5]
Foreign investment
In 2020, New Zealand's foreign investment flow was 4.22 billion dollars, and by the end of 2020, New Zealand's foreign investment stock was 91.46 billion dollars.By region, the main sources of foreign investment are APEC, ASEAN, the European Union, the Overseas Cooperation Council (GCC) and OECD, and by country, the main sources of foreign investment are Australia, Hong Kong, the United States, Japan and the United Kingdom.New Zealand's economy is highly open, and most of the world's major multinational companies have offices in New Zealand.It mainly includes Vodafone Telecom in the UK, Woolworths in Australia, BP, etc.[4]
foreign aid
New Zealand is a developed country and widely participates in international aid, but it has little demand for foreign aid.In February 2011, an earthquake occurred in Christchurch, New Zealand, and the Chinese government provided 500000 dollars of emergency humanitarian assistance to the New Zealand government.New Zealand's foreign aid is mainly bilateral aid, with Pacific island countries as the focus.The objective of New Zealand's foreign assistance is to learn from New Zealand's best knowledge and skills, develop common prosperity and stability with Pacific island countries, support the sustainable development of developing countries, reduce poverty, and make contributions to creating a safer, more equitable, and more prosperous world.[4]
New Zealand's foreign assistance is mainly bilateral assistance, with Pacific island countries as the focus. Its main assistance directions are financial subsidies, agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry, health care, resource and environmental protection, climate change, cultural heritage and personnel training.From fiscal year 2021/2022 to fiscal year 2023/2024, New Zealand's regional aid budget to Pacific island countries (in millions of Singapore dollars): Solomon Islands 124, Papua New Guinea 134, Kiribati 83, Tokelau 65, Samoa 97, Vanuatu 101, Niue 80, Cook Islands 76, Fiji 103, Tuvalu 50.
New Zealand's assistance to China began in 1989 in the form of direct assistance to project units.In 1990, the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation officially established a comprehensive technical cooperation relationship with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of New Zealand.In 1992, New Zealand established an annual assistance plan of S $1 million to China.Since 1993, the two sides have explored and developed ways to use technical cooperation to promote trade and investment, and launched small-scale poverty alleviation projects in the same year.Although China New Zealand technical cooperation started late and was not large in scale, it developed steadily, took flexible forms and achieved quick results, which promoted cooperation in forestry, animal husbandry, poverty alleviation, economy and trade between the two countries.In May 2003, the New Zealand government, through the World Health Organization, provided 850000 New Zealand dollars (about 3.89 million yuan) to China for the prevention and treatment of SARS.In December 2005, the annual meeting of New Zealand's development assistance to China was held in Wellington.In 2006, the New Zealand International Development Agency increased the total annual aid budget to China from 320000 New Zealand dollars (about 1.68 million yuan) to 500000 New Zealand dollars (about 2.6 million yuan), focusing on supporting rural poverty alleviation, community development and capacity building.The implementation scope of the project includes nine provinces and districts in western China, including Guizhou, Yunnan, Xinjiang and Tibet.In 2007, New Zealand increased the provision of development scholarships to China for 5 to 10 people to study for master's degrees in New Zealand every year.[5]
foreign capital
New Zealand is a traditional capital importing country and applies national treatment to foreign investment.In 2022, New Zealand will absorb 9.89 billion dollars of foreign investment.The main sources of foreign investment include Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom.Foreign capital is mainly distributed in banking, telecommunications, transportation, real estate, forestry, animal husbandry, tourism and other sectors.
traffic
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highway
The total length of roads in New Zealand is about 94000 kilometers, of which 11000 kilometers are national highways and 83000 kilometers are local roads.New Zealand is one of the countries with the highest per capita road mileage in the world, and about 70% of freight is transported by road.New Zealand is an island country geographically isolated from other countries, so there is no road line connecting other countries.
Railway
The total operating mileage of New Zealand railway is about 4000 km.The railway in New Zealand was originally used to transport goods, connecting major cities on the South and North Islands.With the development of the highway system, the freight transport function of the railway is becoming weaker and weaker, and it is used for freight transport, passenger transport and sightseeing tourism, with fewer trains.The plain coastal railway lines are dense.The north is dominated by the trunk line between Auckland and Wellington, and the east-west branch line South Island Railway is concentrated on the east side of the island, driving straight down from Picton to South Brave.There are train ferries connecting the South Island and the North Island.
air transport
There are 4 international airports in New Zealand:Oakland International Airport、Wellington Airport 、Christchurch International AirportandQueenstown airport 。Among them, Auckland Airport has the largest scale, with multiple international routes connecting Asia, Europe, America and surrounding countries, including Pacific island countries. About 70% of international tourists enter from Auckland Airport.Wellington, Christchurch and Queenstown airports are small, and international routes are mainly to Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, Australia.
water transport
New Zealand's import and export goods are transported by sea, so there are many ports and developed facilities.There are 13 major ports in New Zealand, of which Auckland Port, Tauranga Port and Christchurch Littleton Port are the three largest ports.In addition, there are several ferries between Wellington on the North Island of New Zealand and Picton on the South Island every day.Auckland Port is a large container and international trade port located at Whitemata Port, which is located at the central and eastern seashore of Auckland.
Auckland Port
Tauranga Port is located in Prentie Bay on the east coast of New Zealand.It can handle 600 million tons of export goods and more than 1000 cargo ships entering and leaving the port every year. It is the port with the largest throughput in New Zealand and the largest container export port in New Zealand.The port has a direct access to the Pacific Ocean, and ships can enter the Pacific Ocean within one hour after leaving the port.Tauranga Port can provide flexible, reliable and high-quality services for transportation in major markets in Asia, Europe and North America.Tauranga Port has also opened routes to South Africa, India, China, East Asia and Southeast Asia.
Culture
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diet
pavlova
New Zealand's Pacific Rim cuisine style is influenced by Europe, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Polynesia, Japan and Vietnam.Cafes and restaurants all over the country offer this cuisine that combines local characteristics, including mutton, pork, venisonsalmon、Crayfish, Bluff oystersAbalone、Mussel、Scallop in Shell、Sweet potato、Kiwi fruitandTree tomato(tamallillo), etc.And the most representative New Zealand dessert, pavlova, isWhite creamAnd fresh fruits or berries
Art
New Zealand's art and culture are derived from various ethnic groups, and have produced a combination of Maori, European Maori, Asians and Australians.New Zealand's art circle reflects this integration.Some of New Zealand's most valuable paintings are Maori portraits painted by Czarles Goldie in the 19th century.The works of the painter Kolin McKahon use words, Christian portraits, Maori languages and myths. He is considered by many to be the greatest artist in New Zealand.In addition to these works, there are also works of other artists in many art galleries, such as Lalph Hotel and Glaham Sydney.
literature
Many New Zealand writers have written Maori culture and legends into English literature.Keli Hulme won the title ofBooker Prize Yes.There are also writers who have formed two cultures and created distinctive New Zealand literature, including Patricia Grace, Witi Ihimaela and Hone Tuwhale.Alan Duff is famous for his work Once Were Warriors, and was put on the big screen by the director Lee Tamaholi in 2002.
music
New Zealand's orchestras mainly include The Datsuns, The D4, Pacific and AnikaMoa, all of which have signed agreements with international record companies.Moana Maniapoto and Her Tribe Orchestra (The Tribe) have won praise abroad for their Maori original sound.In addition to Neil Finn, the head of the pop band "Crowed House", New Zealand opera singers Dame Kiri Te Kanawa and Dame Malvina Major are performing abroad.The album Pure by Hayley Westenra, a girl singer, ranked first in the British classical charts in the first week of its release.
language
Official languages: New Zealand officially stipulates three official languages, namely English, Maori and New Zealand Sign Language.
Maori(Maori): After the Maori came to New Zealand from the Pacific Islands, their pronunciation changed little.Basically, people everywhere can communicate without hindrance.Maori is the language of the indigenous Maori people in New Zealand and one of the three official languages of New Zealand.
About a quarter of Maori in New Zealand use "Te reo Maori".About half of the people who use this language are less than 25 years old.This is Polynesia[9]Language (similar to other Oceanian languages, such ashawaiianAnd Tahiti), has a unique sense of poetry and musicality.Maori is one of the official languages of New Zealand.
The New Zealand Sign Language: one of the world sign languages.
Religion
New Zealand religions include a wide range of groups and beliefs.In the 2018 census, almost half (48.6%) of New Zealanders said they had no religious beliefs, and 6.7% did not disclose their religious beliefs.However, Christianity is still the most common religion in New Zealand, with 37% of the population identified as Christians.About 6% of the population belongs to non Christian religion.Hinduism is the second most popular religion, accounting for 2.6% of the population, while Sikhism has the fastest growth.
custom
New Zealand people are simple, adventurous, love nature and field life, and have a strong awareness of environmental protection.Maori people still retain rich traditional customs.Most of them believed in primitive polytheism, believed in "immortality of soul", and worshiped the gods of their ancestors.New Zealanders shake hands when they meet and say goodbye. The customary way of shaking hands is to shake hands tightly. Generally, men should wait for women to extend their hands first.When meeting for the first time, people with the same identity call each other's surnames, and add "Mr.", "Miss", etc. After getting acquainted with each other, they call each other by their first names.Maori people have the custom of touching their noses when greeting distinguished guests.The longer you touch your nose, the more welcome you are.If you want to take photos of others, especially Maori people, you must obtain their consent in advance.
festival
New Zealand legal holidays include New Year's Day, January 1-2;Waitangzheri（Waitangi Day , National Day), February 6;Easter, March to April, 4 consecutive days;Anzac Day , April 25;Queen's birthday, the first Monday in June;Labor Day, the last Monday in October;Christmas, December 25;Boxing Day, December 26.Saturdays and Sundays are public holidays.
specialty
specialty
introduce
picture
Kiwi
The word kiwi is used for addressingKiwi , also used as a form of addressNew ZealandersThe relevant history can be traced back to the First World War, which was the nickname of New Zealand soldiers.stayInternational money marketThe New Zealand dollar, the basic unit of currency in New Zealand, is also often called "strange" because there is a strange bird on one side of the coin.The most famous "Kiwi" may be delicious kiwi fruit.
Kiwi fruit originated in China and was called "Chinese gooseberry" when it was transplanted to New Zealand.But when New Zealand fruit farmers exported a large number of this fruit, they named it Kiwi, which is famous all over the world.
Kiwi fruit
kiwifruit
The Bay of Plenty area in New Zealand's North Island is sunny, warm, fertile and rich in kiwi fruit.After Kiwi was introduced from China in 1906, New Zealand was the most successful in the Bay of Plenty and has become the second largest kiwi producer in the world.
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Wine
New Zealand's main grape planting areas are in the dry and sunny east, includingGisborne、Hawke BayandMarburgThree major regions.Other major regions include AucklandMartinborough 、NielsenandCentral Otago 。These areas are located between 36 and 45 degrees in latitude, which is a golden belt for grape planting, creating New Zealand's wine culture. Several major wine producing areas hold wine and food festivals every year, and most wineries open to tourists for wine tasting.Many large wineries also operate restaurants and cafes, and provide retail and online sales.
New Zealand white wine
military
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The Governor is the Commander in Chief of the armed forces, the nominal Supreme Commander.The Minister of National Defense exercises actual control over the military with the assistance of the Commander of the National Defense Force.The Commander of the National Defense Forces is the Chief Military Adviser to the Minister of National Defense and the Chairman of the Committee of Chiefs of Staff of the three armed forces.The Secretary General of the Ministry of National Defense is the chief civilian adviser of the Ministry of National Defense, responsible for researching and proposing defense policy recommendations, equipment procurement and maintenance updates.In 1951, the Australia New Zealand US Security Treaty was signed with Australia and the United States.In 1984, the Labor Party took an anti nuclear stance after coming into power. The New Zealand Parliament passed the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament and Arms Control Act in 1987, which prohibited the United States from visiting New Zealand with nuclear ships. The United States therefore suspended bilateral defense cooperation.It has signed a defense cooperation agreement and the Agreement on Further Closer Defense Relations with Australia, and signed a mutual military assistance plan with ASEAN and South Pacific countries.In 1971, it signed the Five Nations Joint Defense Arrangement with Britain, Australia, Malaysia and Singapore, and in 1997, the five countries held large-scale military exercises in the South China Sea.
In 2008, the New Zealand government began to adjust its national defense policy.In November 2010, the New Zealand government released the National Defense White Paper, which plans a national defense strategic blueprint for the next 25 years, and defines the main tasks of the New Zealand National Defense Force: to protect the security of New Zealand's territory and the Pacific island countries, and to jointly respond to emergencies in the region with Australia;Maintain and enhance combat capability in adjacent areas, and contribute to maintaining stability in Asia and the wider region;Maintain the ability to act in concert with key partners;It plays a role in maintaining the opening of trade channels, protecting marine resources, implementing humanitarian relief and disaster reduction.In June 2016, the New Zealand government released a new version of the National Defense White Paper, which clearly stated that New Zealand would increase its sea and air power construction, increase investment in counter-terrorism, network, intelligence collection, disaster prevention and mitigation, and strengthen international defense cooperation.In July 2018, the New Zealand Labor Party coalition government issued the "Strategic Defence Policy Statement", which clearly defined the main tasks of the New Zealand National Defence Force including safeguarding sovereignty and territorial integrity, paying close attention to the external strategic environment and making effective responses, and contributing to the rule-based international order.In June 2019, the New Zealand government released the National Defense Capability Plan, which clearly increased the investment in assistance to neighboring countries, maritime capabilities, intelligence personnel, network security and logistics, and improved the ability to deal with multiple incidents at the same time.
At the end of 1972, the conscription system was abolished and the voluntary military service system was implemented.The New Zealand Defence Force has a total of about 15000 people, including 9723 regular troops (4848 in the army, 2334 in the navy and 2541 in the air force), about 2701 reservists and about 3048 civilian personnel.The defense budget for the 2022/2023 fiscal year is S $6 billion.The commander of the New Zealand Defence Force is Lieutenant General Kevin Short.
Sociology
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education
Education in New Zealand is mainly funded by the government.The government provides free education for students studying in public primary and secondary schools, and partially subsidizes pre-school education institutions and higher education facilities.If the accommodation and teaching standards of private schools meet the requirements, the government will also provide assistance.New Zealand imposes compulsory education on children aged 6 to 15.
New Zealand's education system is regarded as one of the best in the world.There are more than 2800 national primary and secondary schools, 8 universities, 25 technical colleges and 5 education colleges in China.The New Zealand government vigorously promotes the education export strategy and comprehensively opens the education market.
New Zealand is a high welfare country, and medical services are mainly public.Most clinics, hospitals, nursing homes and other medical institutions are operated through funds provided by the government.The medical services received in the emergency center, specialist clinic and inpatient department of the public hospital, as well as the X-ray, ultrasonic, CT and other imaging examinations and medical laboratory tests carried out in the hospital are completely free of charge.Accommodation during hospitalization in the hospital is also completely free of charge.According to the World Health Organization, in 2019, New Zealand's national recurrent medical and health expenditure accounted for 9% of GDP.According to the purchasing power parity, the per capita recurrent medical and health expenditure is 3745.2 dollars.In 2019, the average life expectancy was 81.6 years.
science and technology
As one of the few countries that rely on agriculture and animal husbandry to build their country and become one of the developed countries, New Zealand has distinctive characteristics in science and technology, and is unique in agriculture, forestry, fishery and animal husbandry, food safety, medicine, biotechnology, information and communication technology, natural disaster response, environment, marine and Antarctic science and other fields.Because the economic structure depends on the primary industry and lacks large enterprises, it restricts the R&D investment of enterprises, thus affecting the investment level of the entire innovation system.New Zealand's main research and development fields are manufacturing, primary industry, information and communication services, health and environment.
New Zealand's scientific research institutions are mainly composed of Callahan Innovation, the Royal Institute, national universities, professional research associations, independent research institutions and enterprises. Callahan Innovation is one of the key priorities of the government in building a stronger and more competitive economy, and is the catalyst for the commercialization of science, engineering, technology and design in New Zealand, meeting the needs of the industryThe complex needs of the government and research to benefit customers, partners and the economy and society of New Zealand.The Royal Institute plays a unique and important role in supporting the innovation and development of its industry and is committed to solving New Zealand's most pressing problems and achieving economic growth by improving the productivity of the economic sector and improving the sustainable use of natural resources.
New Zealand's science and technology policy is very distinctive. Its basic policy is to serve economic growth and promote exports.For a long time, the New Zealand government has highly emphasized the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and the purpose of scientific research activities.
Sports
rugbyIt is the most popular and influential sports in New Zealand,New Zealand National Rugby TeamIt is known as“All Blacks”（AllBlacks）。New Zealand national team wonRugby World Cup He is the champion and has been among the best in the world for a long time.On September 28, 2007, the visiting Chinese People's Liberation Army also held a rugby friendly match with the New Zealand Navy.The 2011 Rugby World Cup was held in New Zealand.
signal communication
According to the World Bank, as of 2018, New Zealand had 1.76 million landlines, with an average of 37.1 landlines per 100 people;6.4 million mobile phone users, with 135 mobile phones per 100 people on average;The number of wireless broadband users is 1.647 million, with an average of 34.7 per hundred people having access to wireless broadband.Internet access is widely available in New Zealand. As of January 2020, 93% of New Zealanders can access the Internet.Fiber to the home (FTTH) accounts for 32% of the connections,FTTHThe use of is growing rapidly.
Internet access is widely available in New Zealand. As of January 2020, 93% of New Zealanders can access the Internet.Fiber to the home (FTTH) accounts for 32% of the connections, and the use of FTTH is growing rapidly.Telephone and fiber optic networks are mainly owned by Chorus, a network company that provides wholesale services to retail.As of March 2020, Ookla reported that the average download speed of fixed broadband is 110.72 Mbit/s, and the average upload speed is 70.32 Mbit/s (ranking 23rd in the world).[4]
power
Limited by the geographical environment of the island country, New Zealand is self-sufficient in power supply, which can meet the demand for industrial and agricultural production.From January to December 2019, the national power generation was about 10575 GW, of which the renewable energy accounted for 84%.New Zealand has a national transmission network of 12000 km.[4]
media
There are more than 100 newspapers in New Zealand, including 23 daily newspapers and 300 magazines.《New Zealand Herald 》It is the largest daily newspaper with a daily circulation of more than 162000.Self Governing Post is the second largest daily newspaper, which is merged by Evening Post and Self Governing Post, with a daily circulation of 98000.The Sunday Star Times, the only large page newspaper distributed nationwide, has an annual circulation of 400000 copies.In 2003, Fairfax New Zealand acquired the independent newspaper group, becoming the largest media group in New Zealand.
There are more than 190 radio stations across New Zealand, most of which are commercial stations.exceptNew Zealand Broadcasting CorporationBesides being state-owned, other radio stations belong to The Radio Network and Media Works.In recent years, the government has funded the establishment of some public welfare radio stations that reflect multiculturalism.
Radio New Zealand: Formerly a public radio station established in 1925, it was transformed into a state-owned company in 1955.It has jurisdiction over FM radio station, medium wave and short wave radio stations of the national radio station.The national radio broadcasts 24 hours, focusing on current affairs and domestic political news.International shortwave radio broadcasts to Pacific island countries.
New Zealand Television: It was officially launched in 1962, and was originally managed by the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation. It became an independent state-owned enterprise in August 1988.It has 6 channels, including TV 1 and TV 2.It mainly broadcasts news, sports, science and education, film and television programs, covering the whole country.
TV Station 3: the only private TV station, controlled by Media Factory.Launched in November 1989, it focuses on news and TV dramas.
New Zealand Maori TV: officially launched in March 2004.
public security
The social security situation in New Zealand is generally good, especially in small and medium-sized towns outside Auckland, where the crime rate is very low.Statistics from the New Zealand Police Department show that there will be 265000 criminal cases in New Zealand in 2020, a year-on-year decrease of 6.6%, including 10.1% of theft related victims, 14.6% of robbery related victims, and 12.4% of attack related victims.
New Zealand law provides that eligible individuals may hold firearms upon approval.On March 15, 2019, a shooting against a mosque occurred in Christchurch, resulting in 50 deaths.On April 12, New Zealand passed a new gun control bill, officially banning most semi-automatic weapons.At present, the new government is introducing Firearm Protection Orders.The new law stipulates that specific "high-risk" people cannot own, use or obtain guns against "gangs" and "organized crime".[4]
salary
On April 1, 2020, the New Zealand government raised the minimum wage standard to NZ $18.90 per hour for adults and NZ $15.12 per hour for initial work or trainees.Average salary in New Zealand: SGD31.84/hour.The employer must pay the minimum wage for working hours exceeding 40 hours per week or 80 hours per fortnight.In terms of technical work, the wages in South Island are slightly higher than those in North Island.[4]
International Relations
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foreign policy
It stressed that the fundamental purpose of foreign policy is to maintain peace in the world, especially in the Pacific region, so as to safeguard New Zealand's sovereignty and security and safeguard its economic interests.Take the relationship with Australia and Pacific island countries as the foothold of foreign political, defense and economic relations;Take the Asia Pacific region as a priority area for foreign relations;Actively develop relations with the United States, maintain traditional relations with European countries, and emphasize the development of political and economic relations with Latin American emerging countries;Actively support and participate in United Nations peacekeeping operations and humanitarian assistance, and seek to play a role in international organizations;Advocate multilateralism and advocate giving play to the leading role of the United Nations in international and regional affairs;Support the multilateral trading system, advocate free and fair trade, attach importance to participating in regional economic cooperation, and actively promote trade and investment liberalization processes such as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (CPTPP);Emphasize the defensive nature of the military and its multiple functions of participating in peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance;Advocate for continuing to promote the international nuclear disarmament process and ultimately accomplish the total elimination of nuclear weapons;Adhere to the South Pacific nuclear free zone and support the establishment of a nuclear free zone in Southeast Asia;Actively participate in international cooperation on climate change and counter-terrorism.
Relations with China
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and New Zealand on December 22, 1972, bilateral relations have developed smoothly, and leaders of the two countries have maintained frequent mutual visits and contacts.
In October 2013, President Xi Jinping met with Prime Minister John Key of New Zealand while attending the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in Bali, Indonesia.Premier Li Keqiang met with Prime Minister John Key of New Zealand during his attendance at the East Asian Cooperation Leaders' Meetings in Vinlesribaga Bay.In September 2014, Foreign Minister Wang Yi led a delegation to visit New Zealand, met with Prime Minister John Key of New Zealand, Trade Minister Grose, Foreign Affairs Spokesman of the Labor Party Hiller and former Foreign Minister Goff, and held talks with the new Foreign Minister Makali.In November, President Xi Jinping paid a state visit to New Zealand and met with New Zealand Governor Maitpari and Prime Minister John Key.The leaders of the two countries announced to upgrade China Singapore relations to a comprehensive strategic partnership, and the two sides issued the first joint statement on bilateral relations since the establishment of diplomatic ties.In November 2015, President Xi Jinping met with Prime Minister John Key of New Zealand during his attendance at the APEC Leaders' Meeting in Manila, Philippines, and Premier Li Keqiang met with Prime Minister John Key of New Zealand during his attendance at the East Asia Cooperation Leaders' Meetings in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.In February 2017, Foreign Minister Wang Yi visited New Zealand.In March, Premier Li Keqiang visited New Zealand, met with New Zealand Governor Maitpari, held talks with Prime Minister Ingrid, and met with Leader of the Labor Party, the opposition party of New Zealand.In August, Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with Foreign Minister Brownley of New Zealand during his attendance at a series of foreign ministers' meetings on East Asia cooperation in Manila, Philippines.In November, Premier Li Keqiang held talks with Prime Minister Adene of New Zealand during his attendance at the East Asia Cooperation Leaders' Meetings in Manila.In the same month, Foreign Minister Wang Yi, accompanying President Xi Jinping at the 25th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in Danang, Vietnam, met with New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters at request.In December, President Xi Jinping and Governor Reddy exchanged congratulatory messages on the 45th anniversary of diplomatic ties between China and New Zealand.In the same month, Yan Junqi, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, visited New Zealand.In November 2019, Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council met with Prime Minister Aden of New Zealand during the series of leaders' meetings on East Asia cooperation in Bangkok, Thailand.In June 2021, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi held a video meeting with Foreign Minister Mahuta of New Zealand.[5]In June 2023, at the invitation of Li Qiang, Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, Prime Minister of New ZealandChris HopkinsAn official visit to the People's Republic of China[10]。
China is New Zealand's largest trade partner in goods, export market and source of imports.The main commodities exported by China to New Zealand are clothing and mechanical and electrical products, while the main commodities imported from New Zealand are dairy products, wood products, meat, etc.According to Chinese statistics, the bilateral trade in goods in 2022 will be US $25.15 billion, up 1.8% year on year, including US $9.18 billion of new exports from China, up 7.4% year on year, and US $15.98 billion of new exports to China, down 1.1% year on year.
With the growth of China's economy and the continuous development of bilateral economic and trade cooperation, the two countries have developed from a single trade relationship to a multi field, multi-level and multi form economic and trade cooperation.New investment in China mainly involves agriculture and forestry, light industry, textile, metallurgy, food processing, medicine, computer and other fields.China's new investment mainly involves dairy industry, resource development, insurance, construction and other fields.
The two countries have established 42 pairs of friendly provincial and municipal relations.In September 2015, the National People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the New Zealand Local Government Association jointly held the first China New Zealand Mayors Forum in Xiamen.In December 2017, the National People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the New Zealand Local Government Association jointly held the second China New Zealand Mayors Forum in Wellington.
At the invitation of Prime Minister Larksen of New Zealand, Premier Li Qiang of the State Council will pay an official visit to New Zealand from June 13 to 20, 2024.[18]
Relations with Australia
Diplomatic relations were established in 1943.New Zealand places its relations with Australia as a priority in its foreign and defense policies. Leaders of the two countries meet regularly. The two sides have close cooperation in the political, economic, social, security and international fields.In June and December 2007, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark paid two visits to Australia.In January 2008, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Karen visited Australia.In June, Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd visited Singapore.In February 2009, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid visited Australia.In March, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Australia.In July, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid visited Australia again.In August, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Australia again, co chaired the first joint cabinet meeting with Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, and issued a joint statement on continuing to promote cooperation across the Tasman Strait.In February 2010, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited Australia.In October, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key held the first formal talks with Australian Prime Minister Gillard while attending the Fifth East Asia Summit in Hanoi, Vietnam.In November, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay and Climate Change Minister Smith visited Australia.In February 2011, Australian Prime Minister Gillard visited New Zealand. The two countries signed the Investment Protocol on Further Closer Economic Relations and issued the Joint Statement on Cross Tasman Cooperation. Gillard was invited to address the New Zealand Parliament and became the first foreign leader to address the New Zealand Parliament.Australian Defense Minister Smith visited Singapore.After the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, Australia provided US $3.8 million in assistance, and sent earthquake rescue teams and police volunteers to Christchurch to help maintain public order.In March, Australian Governor Bryce and Prime Minister Gillard went to New Zealand to participate in the national mourning for the earthquake in Quebec City.Australian Foreign Minister Kevin Rudd visited Singapore.In June, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Australia, was invited to speak in the Australian Parliament and became the first New Zealand leader to speak in the Australian Parliament.In July, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited Australia.Australian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Treasury Swan visited Singapore.In October, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay attended the Commonwealth Foreign Ministers' Meeting held in Perth, Australia, and attended the Commonwealth Summit on behalf of New Zealand Prime Minister John Key.In January 2012, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Australia and held the annual leaders' meeting with Australian Prime Minister Gillard.In April, June and November, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid paid three visits to Australia.In February 2013, Australian Prime Minister Gillard visited Singapore and held an annual meeting with the new Prime Minister John Key.In April, New Zealand Defense Minister Coleman held talks with Australian Defense Minister Smith in Auckland.In October, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Australia.Australian Foreign Minister Bishop visited Singapore.In November, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid visited Australia.In February 2014, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Australia and held a joint ministerial meeting with Australian Prime Minister Abbott.In October, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to Australia to participate in the commemoration of the First World War.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to Australia to attend the G20 Summit.In February and April 2015, Australian Prime Minister Abbott paid two visits to Singapore.In April, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Ingrid visited Australia.In October, Australian Prime Minister Turnbull visited Singapore.In February 2017, Australian Prime Minister Turnbull visited Singapore.In November 2017, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Australia.In March 2018, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Australia and held the annual meeting between the leaders of the two countries.In February 2019, Australian Prime Minister Morrison visited Singapore.In the same month, Australian Foreign Minister Payne paid a visit to Singapore.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Australia.In the same month, Australian Foreign Minister Payne paid a visit to Singapore.In October, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Australia.In February 2020, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Australia and held the annual meeting between the leaders of the two countries.In December, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta held a video consultation with Australian Foreign Minister Payne.In April 2021, Australian Foreign Minister Penn visited New Zealand and held talks with the new Foreign Minister Mahuta.In May, Australian Prime Minister Morrison visited Singapore and held the annual meeting between the leaders of the two countries.In November 2021, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited Australia.In May 2022, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene held a telephone conversation with Australia's new Prime Minister Albanese.In June, Australian Foreign Minister Huang Yingxian visited Singapore.In June and July, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Australia.In December, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited Australia.In February 2023, New Zealand's new Prime Minister Hopkins visited Australia.In April, Hopkins paid a second visit to Australia and held talks with Australian Prime Minister Albanese.In July, Australian Prime Minister Albanese visited Singapore.
In 1983, the two countries signed the Agreement on Further Closer Economic Relations (CER).In 1990, the two countries announced the establishment of a free trade zone.In 1996, the two countries signed the Single Aviation Market Agreement to ensure that the airlines of the two countries enjoy "unrestricted flight rights" in the other country.In 1998, the two countries signed the Trans Tasman Tourism Arrangement, which stipulates that citizens of both countries can live and work freely in each other's countries.In January 2007, the two countries reached a consensus on continuing to promote the single economic market.
Australia is New Zealand's second largest trading partner and the largest source of investment.According to Singapore's statistics, in 2022, the bilateral trade volume between New Zealand and Australia will be NZ $29.29 billion, including NZ $13.86 billion in exports and NZ $15.44 billion in imports.Australia is New Zealand's largest tourist source country.
Relations with the United States
Diplomatic relations were established in 1942.In 1951, New Zealand, the United States and Australia concluded the Australia New Zealand United States Security Treaty, and New Zealand became an ally of the United States.In the mid-1980s, the Labor Party government pursued an anti nuclear policy and refused to allow the United States to visit New Zealand with nuclear ships. The United States downgraded New Zealand from an ally to a friendly country and suspended defense cooperation with New Zealand.In the 1990s, the National Party government actively improved its relations with the United States.In 1999, after the Labor Party government came to power, it adhered to the non nuclear policy, stressed that the relationship with the United States should be handled in accordance with practical interests, and had no intention of resuming the relationship of the Australia New Zealand United States Security Treaty.After the September 11 incident, New Zealand supported the US anti-terrorism operation and sent special forces to cooperate with the US military operation in Afghanistan.In March 2007, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark visited the United States.In July 2008, US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice visited Singapore.In April 2009, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited the United States.In May, New Zealand's Minister of Trade and Minister of International Climate Change Negotiations Groser visited the United States.In September, US Pacific Theater Commander Keating visited Singapore.In January 2010, Xinmei signed the Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement.In April, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited the United States and attended the Nuclear Security Summit.General Cartwright, Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the United States, visited Singapore.In May, New Zealand held joint military exercises with the United States and Japan.In September, New Zealand's Minister of Trade and Minister of International Climate Change Negotiations Groser visited the United States.In October, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid visited the United States.In November, US Secretary of State Clinton visited Singapore, and the two countries signed the Wellington Declaration, which upgraded bilateral relations to a "new type of strategic partnership".New Zealand Prime Minister John Key met with US President Barack Obama during his attendance at the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in Japan.In February 2011, after the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, the United States sent an earthquake rescue team to Christchurch and provided 40 tons of materials and other assistance.In March, the US National Intelligence Director Clapper visited Singapore.In May, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited the United States.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited the United States.In September, New Zealand's Minister of Trade and Minister of International Climate Change Negotiations Groser visited the United States to attend the "Major Economies Forum" attended by representatives of major carbon emitting countries in the world.In October, New Zealand Speaker Smith visited the United States.In November, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister Ingrid attended the APEC Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting held in Hawaii.In April 2012, the New Zealand National Defence Force and the US Army held a joint military exercise.In May, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli and Defense Minister Coleman visited the United States and attended the NATO Chicago Summit.New Zealand Trade Minister Grose visited the United States.US Homeland Security Secretary Napolitano visited Singapore.In June, New Zealand Defense Minister Coleman visited the United States and signed the Washington Declaration between the two Ministries of Defense with U.S. Defense Secretary Panetta.US Marines visited New Zealand and attended the celebration ceremony of the 70th anniversary of the US defense of New Zealand.The New Zealand Navy participated in the 2012 Pacific Rim Military Exercise organized by the United States.In September, US Defense Secretary Panetta visited Singapore.In May 2013, the fifth New America Partnership Forum was held in Washington, the United States, attended by New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay, Trade Minister Groser, Defense Force Commander Jones and US Deputy Secretary of State Burns.Foreign Minister McCalli held talks with US Secretary of State John Kerry.In the same month, the fourth Singapore US Strategic Dialogue was held in Washington.In July, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose visited the United States.In October, New Zealand Defense Minister Coleman visited the United States.In February 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli announced that New Zealand would set up a consulate general in Hawaii.In June, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited the United States.In the same month, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli went to the United States to attend the "Our Oceans" international conference hosted by Secretary of State John Kerry of the United States.In November 2015, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to the Philippines to attend the leaders' meeting of the countries negotiating the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement chaired by US President Barack Obama.In June 2017, US Secretary of State Tillerson visited Singapore.In December 2018, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited the United States.In July and November 2019, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited the United States twice.In January 2020, New Zealand Defense Minister Mark visited the United States.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene spoke with US President elect Biden.In the same month, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with US Secretary of State Pompeo.In January 2021, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with US Secretary of State Bulin.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene spoke with US President Biden.In November 2021, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited the United States.In May 2022, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited the United States, held a meeting with President Biden and issued a joint statement between New Zealand and the United States.In August, US Deputy Secretary of State Sherman visited Singapore.In October, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Robertson visited the United States.In March 2023, Campbell, coordinator of India Pacific affairs of the National Security Council of the White House, visited Singapore.In June, Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and the Pacific Affairs Kangda visited New Zealand.In July, Secretary of State Blinken visited Singapore.
The United States is New Zealand's third largest trading partner.According to Singapore's statistics, bilateral trade volume in 2022 will be S $23 billion, including S $12.3 billion in exports and S $10.7 billion in imports.The United States is New Zealand's third largest tourist source country.
Relations with Japan
Diplomatic relations were established in 1952.New Zealand attaches importance to developing relations with Japan, and bilateral high-level contacts are frequent.In May 2008, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark visited Japan, and the first Japan New Partnership Forum was held in Tokyo.In May 2009, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Japan and attended the triennial summit of the Japan Pacific Islands Forum.In October, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Japan.In May 2010, New Zealand held joint military exercises with the United States and Japan.In October, New Zealand Agriculture Minister Carter visited Japan.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Japan and attended the APEC Informal Leaders' Meeting.New Zealand Fisheries Minister John Hitley visited Japan.In February 2011, after the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, Japan sent an earthquake rescue team to Christchurch and provided 500000 dollars of assistance.In March, after the earthquake, tsunami and nuclear leakage disaster in Japan, New Zealand provided US $800000 in aid to Japan and sent a rescue team.In May, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Japan.In June, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose visited Japan.In June 2012, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited Japan.In September, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Japan.In June 2013, Japanese Foreign Minister Takeo Kishida visited Singapore.In May 2014, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose visited Japan.In July, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited Singapore.In March 2015, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Japan.In May 2017, New Zealand Prime Minister Ingrid visited Japan.In May 2018, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Japan and attended the 8th Japan Pacific Island Leaders' Meeting.In September 2019, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Japan.In November, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Japan and attended the G20 Foreign Ministers' Meeting.In December 2020, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with Japanese Foreign Minister Minchong Maomu.In April 2022, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Japan and held a meeting with Prime Minister Takeo Kishida.In February 2023, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited Japan and met with Japanese Foreign Minister Lin Fangzheng.In June, New Zealand Defense Minister Little met with Japanese Defense Minister Yasuhiro Hamada at the 20th Shangri La Dialogue, and the two sides signed the Statement of Intent on Maritime Security, Humanitarian Assistance, Disaster Relief and Climate Change Defense Cooperation in the Pacific Island Countries.
New Zealand opposes Japan's scientific whaling in the South Pacific no catch zone, increasing the number of tuna caught, and transporting and dumping nuclear waste to the South Pacific waters.
Japan is New Zealand's fifth largest trading partner.The two countries have signed agreements on fisheries and civil aviation.According to Singapore's statistics, in 2022, the bilateral trade volume between Singapore and Japan will be 9.76 billion Singapore dollars, including 4.47 billion Singapore dollars in exports and 5.29 billion Singapore dollars in imports.
Relations with the EU
Attach importance to relations with the EU.In November 2006, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark visited Britain, Germany, France and Italy.In September 2009, Hungarian President Shaoyom visited Singapore.In December, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to Denmark to attend the Copenhagen Climate Change Conference.In January 2010, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose visited Switzerland and attended the World Economic Forum in Davos.In June, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli went to Spain to attend the semi annual consultation between New Zealand and the EU.In October, New Zealand's Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid and Foreign Minister Macalli attended the 8th Asia Europe Summit in Brussels.In November, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli went to Portugal to attend the NATO Summit on Afghanistan.In March 2011, EU Trade Commissioner De Gurt visited New Zealand and attended the memorial service for the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand as an EU representative.In June, New Zealand Minister of Agriculture Carter, Minister of Trade and Minister of International Negotiations on Climate Change Grose visited Italy.In June 2012, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Germany, met with President Schultz of the European Parliament in Brussels, and signed a partnership agreement between New Zealand and NATO with NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen.In January 2013, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose visited France, Switzerland and Germany, and attended the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos.In February, New Zealand Defense Minister Coleman visited Belgium, France and the United Kingdom.New Zealand Minister of Justice and Ethnic Affairs Collins visited Switzerland, Britain and Austria.In April, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Luxembourg, the Czech Republic, Liechtenstein, Malta and San Marino.In June 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Belgium.In November, German Chancellor Merkel visited Singapore.In January 2017, Prime Minister Bill Ingrid visited the EU headquarters and Germany.In August 2017, Croatian President Kitarovic visited New Zealand.In April 2018, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Germany.In April 2019, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Norway, Denmark and Finland.In July, New Zealand Minister of Trade and Export Growth Parker visited Spain and Ireland.In February 2021, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with German Foreign Minister Maas.In March, the new Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with Swedish Foreign Minister Lindh.In June, new Prime Minister Adene held a video meeting with Spanish Prime Minister Sanchez.In February 2022, Foreign Minister Mahuta of New Zealand met with Foreign Minister Lindh of Sweden.In June, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Spain and EU headquarters.In July 2023, New Zealand Prime Minister Hopkins attended the NATO Vilnius Summit and visited the EU headquarters and Sweden to witness the signing of the New Zealand EU Free Trade Agreement.
The EU is New Zealand's fourth largest trading partner.According to Singapore's statistics, in 2022, the trade volume between New Zealand and the EU will be 20.48 billion Singapore dollars, including 5.44 billion Singapore dollars in exports and 15.04 billion Singapore dollars in imports.
On July 9, 2023, the EU and New Zealand signed a free trade agreement in Brussels to promote bilateral trade.[11]
On November 27, 2023 local time, the Council of the European Union announced that the Council had approved the Free Trade Agreement between the EU and New ZealandResolution.[15]
Relations with Britain
As a member of the British Commonwealth, New Zealand has traditional ties with Britain in history and culture, and the two sides have frequent high-level contacts.In March 2006, British Prime Minister Blair visited Singapore.In 2007, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark visited the UK, and Deputy Secretary General of the British Parliament Ma En visited New Zealand.In September 2008, British Princess Anne visited Singapore.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited the UK.In October 2009, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid visited the UK.In January 2010, Britain's Prince William visited Singapore.In June, New Zealand Foreign Minister Makali and Defense Minister Ma Pu visited the UK.In October, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ingrid visited the UK.In November, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited the UK.In January 2011, British Foreign Secretary Haig and Defense Secretary Fox visited Singapore.In February, after the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, the UK sent an earthquake rescue team to Christchurch and provided assistance.In March, Prince William of the United Kingdom visited Singapore and attended the memorial service for the earthquake in Quebec City as the representative of the Queen of the United Kingdom.In April, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited the UK and attended the wedding ceremony of Prince William.In June 2012, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited the UK and attended the 60th anniversary celebration of Queen Elizabeth II's accession to the throne.In January 2013, British Foreign Secretary Haig visited Singapore.In September, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited the UK.In November, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited the UK.In July 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited Scotland and attended the Commonwealth Games.In February and March 2015, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key and Foreign Minister Macaulay visited the UK respectively.In February and July 2015, British Foreign Secretary Hammond and Prince Charles visited Singapore respectively.In January 2017, New Zealand Prime Minister Ingrid visited the UK.In July, British Foreign Secretary Johnson visited Singapore.In April 2018, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited the UK.In October, Prince Harry and his wife visited Singapore.In April 2019, Prince William of the United Kingdom visited Singapore to attend the commemoration of ANZ Corps Day and visit the survivors of Christchurch shooting as the representative of the Queen.In November, the British Crown Prince Charles and his wife visited Singapore.In November 2020, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with British Foreign Secretary Rabu.In August 2021, the new Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with British Foreign Minister Rabu.In February 2022, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited the UK.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited the UK.In May 2023, New Zealand Prime Minister Hopkins went to Britain to attend the coronation ceremony of British King Charles III and hold talks with British Prime Minister Sunak.
In March 2022, New Britain signed a free trade agreement.In May 2023, the New Britain Free Trade Agreement will be implemented.According to Singapore's statistics, the bilateral trade volume will be 5.33 billion US dollars in 2022, including 2.4 billion US dollars in exports and 2.92 billion US dollars in imports.
Relations with France
New France relations were strained twice because French agents bombed the Greenpeace Rainbow Warrior in Auckland Port in 1985 and France conducted a nuclear test in the South Pacific in 1995.In 1996, France announced the cessation of nuclear tests and signed the Additional Protocol to the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, which gradually improved the relations between France and New Zealand.In June 2004, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark went to France to participate in activities to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Normandy landings.In May 2010, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose paid a visit to France and attended the OECD Annual Economic Forum in Paris.In April 2011, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited France.In March 2012, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose went to France to attend the meeting of the OECD Environment Committee held in Paris.In May, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose went to France to attend the meeting of the OECD Council of Ministers held in Paris.In May 2013, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose attended a meeting of the OECD Council of Ministers in France.In September, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited France.In November, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited France.In March 2015, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited France.In April 2018, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited France.In November, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters went to France to attend the commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the armistice in World War I and the Paris Peace Forum.In May 2019, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene and French President Makron jointly called for combating cyber terrorism in Paris.In May 2021, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with French Foreign Minister Rodriguez Le Drion.In June, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene and French President Makron co chaired the "Christchurch Initiative" Leaders Summit.In June 2022, the Prime Minister of New Zealand Adene had a telephone conversation with the President of France, Malcolm.
According to the statistics of Singapore, the bilateral trade volume will be 2.26 billion US dollars in 2022, including 569.53 million US dollars in exports and 1.69 billion US dollars in imports.
Relations with ASEAN countries
It has close relations with ASEAN countries, and is an ASEAN dialogue country and a member of the ASEAN Regional Forum and the East Asia Summit.Actively promote the confidence building measures and preventive diplomacy mechanism of the Forum, and support ASEAN countries' proposals for the establishment of a peaceful, free and neutral zone and a nuclear free zone in Southeast Asia.In addition to participating in the "Five Nation Joint Defense" (FPDA), it also signed bilateral defense agreements with Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia, and signed a double taxation avoidance agreement with Thailand.In 2005, Malaysian Prime Minister Badawi, Indonesian President Susilo Bambang, Vietnamese Prime Minister Pan Wenkai and ASEAN Secretary General Wang Jingrong visited Singapore respectively.In July, New Zealand signed the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia and the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement with Singapore, Chile and Brunei.In March 2006, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark visited the Philippines.In June, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong of Singapore visited Singapore.In July, New Zealand Foreign Minister Peters went to Malaysia to attend the ASEAN Regional Forum Foreign Ministers' Meeting and signed the "New Zealand ASEAN Cooperation Framework" with ASEAN.In February 2009, New Zealand signed the Australia New Zealand ASEAN Free Trade Agreement.In September, ASEAN Secretary General Surin visited Singapore.In October, New Zealand and Malaysia signed a bilateral free trade agreement.In July 2010, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Vietnam.In August, the New Zealand Malaysia bilateral free trade agreement came into force.In October, New Zealand Foreign Minister Makali visited Indonesia and Malaysia.In November, New Zealand Commerce Minister Paul visited Singapore.In February 2011, after the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, Singapore sent an earthquake rescue team to Christchurch and provided two C-130 transport planes to transport victims.In June, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose visited the Philippines.In December, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli announced to provide S $500000 in assistance to the typhoon hit southern Philippines.In April 2012, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Indonesia and Singapore.In July, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli attended a series of ASEAN Regional Forum foreign ministers' meetings held in Cambodia and visited Thailand and the Philippines.In September, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited East Timor.In October, New Zealand Foreign Minister Makali visited Malaysia and Indonesia.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key attended the East Asia Summit in Cambodia and visited Myanmar.In the same month, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli attended the Asia Europe Summit held in Laos and visited Vietnam.In March 2013, Joyce, Minister of Economic Development, Science and Innovation, Higher Education, Training and Employment of New Zealand, visited Malaysia.President Thein Sein of Myanmar, Sultan Bolkiah of Brunei and Prime Minister Yingluck of Thailand visited Singapore respectively, and Defense Minister Feng Guangqing of Vietnam visited Singapore.In July, New Zealand Foreign Minister Makali visited Myanmar.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Thailand.In the same month, New Zealand Defense Minister Coleman visited Vietnam.In November 2014, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key announced that the diplomatic relations between New Zealand and Myanmar would be upgraded from the level of Charg é d'affaires to the level of ambassadors.In March 2015, Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung visited Singapore and signed a joint statement on strengthening the comprehensive partnership between the two countries.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key paid an official visit to Vietnam.In November 2016, Philippine President Duterte stopped in Auckland, New Zealand and met with Foreign Minister McCali on his way back to the Philippines from the informal meeting of APEC leaders in Lima, Peru.In November 2017, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene went to Da Nang, Vietnam to attend the 25th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, and to Manila, Philippines to attend the East Asia Summit.In October 2018, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Indonesia and Thailand.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene went to Singapore to attend the East Asia Summit.In March 2019, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Malaysia and Indonesia.In May, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Singapore.In July, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters went to Bangkok, Thailand to attend a series of foreign ministers' meetings on East Asia cooperation.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene went to Bangkok to attend the East Asia Summit.In the same month, New Zealand Defense Minister Mark visited Singapore and Thailand and attended the sixth ASEAN Defense Ministers' Meeting in Bangkok.In February 2020, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited India.In March, the trade ministers of New Zealand and Singapore issued a joint statement to ensure smooth supply chain.In the same month, Brunei, Myanmar, Australia and other countries joined the joint statement.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene attended the video summit commemorating the 45th anniversary of New Zealand ASEAN relations.In the same month, New Zealand signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) with 10 ASEAN countries, China, Japan, South Korea and Australia.In March 2021, Foreign Minister Mahuta of New Zealand talked with Foreign Minister Retno of Indonesia, Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Pham Binh Minh of Vietnam, Foreign Minister Vivin of Singapore and Foreign Minister Hishamdin of Malaysia respectively.In April, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with East Timor Foreign Minister Adargisa.In June, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with Brunei's Minister in Charge of Foreign Affairs Ariwan.In August, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with Philippine Foreign Minister Lochin.In October, Foreign Minister Mahuta of New Zealand held a video meeting with Foreign Minister Vivin of Singapore and spoke with Foreign Minister Sefdin of Malaysia.In November, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited Indonesia.In February 2022, Foreign Minister Mahuta of New Zealand met with Foreign Minister Adargisa of Timor Leste.In April, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Singapore.In June, Foreign Minister Mahuta of New Zealand met with Foreign Minister Vivin of Singapore and Foreign Minister Sefdin of Malaysia respectively during the Commonwealth Government Summit in Rwanda.In August, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited Malaysia.In September, Vietnamese Foreign Minister Pei Qingshan visited Singapore.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Vietnam.In July 2023, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta went to Indonesia to attend the East Asia Summit and the annual ASEAN Regional Forum Foreign Ministers' Meeting.In August, New Zealand Trade and Export Growth Minister O'Connor visited India.
ASEAN is New Zealand's important trading partner and one of the important sources of foreign investment.According to Singapore's statistics, in 2022, the trade volume between New Zealand and ASEAN will be S $27.27 billion, including S $9.66 billion in exports and S $17.61 billion in imports from New Zealand.
Relations with Pacific island countries
It has close traditional relations with the island countries, established diplomatic relations with all independent island countries, maintained free contact with the Cook Islands and Niue, and made the island countries the focus of foreign aid.We attach importance to the role of regional organizations such as the Pacific Island Countries Forum and play an important role in it.In terms of defense, it has signed "Mutual Assistance Plan" with Papua New Guinea, Tonga, Fiji, Samoa, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands and other countries to help island countries train their troops and conduct joint military exercises;Together with Australia, I am responsible for maritime patrols in some Pacific Economic Zones.In April 2006, troops were dispatched to intervene in the riots in Solomon Islands.In May, troops were sent to East Timor for peacekeeping.In October, Prime Minister Clark of New Zealand went to Fiji to attend the 37th Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting.In November, military police were sent to Tonga to help maintain order.After the coup in Fiji in December, Fiji announced that it would not recognize the provisional military government of Fiji and imposed sanctions on Fiji.In October 2007, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark went to Tonga to attend the 38th Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting and visited Niue.In August 2008, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark went to Niue to attend the 39th Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting.In January 2009, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to Papua New Guinea to attend the special meeting of Pacific Island Forum leaders on Fiji.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Tonga, Samoa, Niue and the Cook Islands.In August, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to Cairns, Australia, to attend the 40th Pacific Islands Forum Leaders' Meeting.In November, New Zealand and Fiji expelled diplomats from each other and closed diplomatic offices in the other country.In February 2010, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Fiji.In April, Prime Minister Somare of Papua New Guinea visited New Guinea.In August, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to Vanuatu to attend the 41st Pacific Islands Forum Leaders' Meeting.In December, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited the Cook Islands.In February 2011, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli went to Vanuatu to attend the ministerial group meeting of the Pacific Island Countries Forum and Fiji.In May, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Tonga and Cook Islands.In June, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Vanuatu and Solomon Islands.In July, King Tupu V of Tonga visited Singapore.New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay visited Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands and Niue.In September, the 42nd Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting and the 23rd Post Forum Dialogue were held in Auckland, New Zealand.In January 2012, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Solomon Islands.In February, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited the Cook Islands.In July, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli met with Australian Foreign Minister Carl and Fiji Foreign Minister Khumbumbola in Sydney, Australia.In August, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to the Cook Islands to attend the 43rd Pacific Islands Forum Leaders' Meeting.In October, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Papua New Guinea.In December, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited the Marshall Islands, Kiribati and Tuvalu.In February 2013, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Solomon Islands.In March, the Pacific Energy Summit was held in Auckland, New Zealand.In April, the New Zealand Parliament held the first Pacific Parliamentary and Political Leaders Forum.In May, New Zealand Defense Minister Coleman went to Tonga to attend the first South Pacific Defence Ministers' Meeting.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Solomon Islands and attended the 10th anniversary of the Regional Assistance Mission.In August, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli Samoa and Cook Islands.In the same month, Prime Minister O'Neill of Papua New Guinea visited New Guinea.In September, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to the Marshall Islands to attend the 44th Pacific Islands Forum Leaders' Meeting.In February 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Fiji and Cook Islands.In May, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli, on behalf of New Zealand Prime Minister John Key, went to the Cook Islands to attend the special meeting of Pacific island leaders.In May, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Samoa, Tonga and Niue.In July, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli attended the 45th Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting in Palau on behalf of New Zealand Prime Minister John Key.In August, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Fiji.In September 2014, New Zealand sent personnel to participate in the Fiji General Election Multinational Observation Mission, and the new Foreign Minister Macaulay congratulated Fiji on the smooth holding of the general election and the election of the leader of Fiji's first party, Mbenimalama, as Prime Minister of Fiji.In November, New Zealand Defense Minister Brownley visited Fiji.In February 2015, New Zealand Foreign Minister Makali visited Tonga.In August, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key attended the 50th anniversary celebration of the Cook Islands Constitution Day.In May 2017, New Zealand Foreign Minister Brownley visited Tonga and Fiji.In March 2018, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Samoa, Niue, Tonga and Cook Islands.In September, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene went to Nauru to attend the 49th Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene went to Papua New Guinea to attend the 26th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting.In February 2019, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Fiji, Tuvalu and Kiribati.In May, Vanuatu Prime Minister Salvi visited New Zealand.In June, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Solomon Islands.In the same month, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited the Cook Islands and attended the New Zealand Cook Islands ministerial consultations.In July, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters went to Fiji to attend the Foreign Ministers' Meeting of the Pacific Island Countries Forum.In August, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene went to Tuvalu to attend the 50th Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting.In October, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Papua New Guinea.In December, the Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Tonga visited New Zealand.In the same month, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Samoa.In February 2020, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Fiji.In the same month, Prime Minister Malape of Papua New Guinea visited New Zealand.In November, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with Cook Islands Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Gordon Brown and Niue Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Thagraji.In February 2021, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta attended the special meeting of Pacific Island Forum leaders by video.In March, Prime Minister Brown of the Cook Islands visited New Zealand and held a meeting with the new Prime Minister Adene.In April, the new Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with President Ma Mao of Kiribati.In May, the new Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with Tonga Prime Minister Bohiwa.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene spoke with Samoa's new Prime Minister Fiamai.In August, new Prime Minister Adene attended the video conference of leaders of the Pacific Islands Forum.In March 2022, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited Fiji.In June, Samoan Prime Minister Feiyamei visited Singapore.In July, New Zealand Prime Minister Aden went to Fiji to attend the 51st Pacific Island Countries Forum Leaders' Meeting. New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta held a meeting with Tonga Foreign Minister Utoikamanu in Fiji.In August, New Zealand Prime Minister Adene visited Samoa.New Foreign Minister Mahuta visited Niue and Tonga.In September, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited PNG.In October, Solomon Islands Foreign Minister Manele visited Singapore.In April 2023, New Zealand's Deputy Prime Minister and Associate Minister for Foreign Affairs (the Pacific region) Seploni visited Solomon Islands, Fiji and Tonga.In May, New Zealand Prime Minister Hopkins visited Papua New Guinea to attend the US Pacific Summit.In June, Prime Minister Rambuka of Fiji visited Singapore, and Prime Minister Hopkins met with him.
According to New Zealand's statistics, in 2022, the total trade between New Zealand and the Pacific Islands Forum member countries other than Australia will be NZ $3.09 billion, including NZ $1.99 billion in exports and NZ $1.09 billion in imports.
Relations with South Korea and North Korea
It has close relations with South Korea.In December 2006, ROK President Roh Moo hyun visited Singapore and signed the Partnership Agreement for the 21st Century.In March 2009, South Korean President Lee Myung bak visited Singapore.In June, the two countries held the first round of free trade agreement negotiations.In July 2010, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited South Korea.In March 2012, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key attended the Nuclear Security Summit in Seoul, South Korea and visited South Korea.In September, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited South Korea.In November, two South Korean warships visited New Zealand.In July 2013, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to Seoul, South Korea to attend the commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the armistice of the Korean War.In December, New Zealand Trade Minister Grose and South Korean Minister of Industry, Trade and Resources Yoon Sang chih announced the resumption of the FTA negotiations between the two countries during the East Asia Economic and Trade Ministers' Meeting in Bali, Indonesia.In July 2014, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Macalli visited South Korea.In November, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key announced that New Zealand and South Korea had completed bilateral free trade negotiations.In March 2015, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited South Korea and signed the New Korea Free Trade Agreement.In December 2018, South Korean President Wen Zaiyin visited Singapore.In October 2019, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited South Korea.In December 2020, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with South Korean Foreign Minister Kang Jinghe.In May 2021, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with South Korean Foreign Minister Zheng Yirong.In May 2023, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta went to South Korea to attend the first South Korea Pacific Island Countries Summit.
According to New Zealand's statistics, in 2022, the bilateral trade volume between New Zealand and South Korea will be US $8.2 billion, including US $2.91 billion in exports and US $5.29 billion in imports from New Zealand.
On March 26, 2001, diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial level were officially established with the DPRK.In August, he appointed an ambassador to the South Korea and also to the North Korea.Concerned about the DPRK nuclear issue, urged the DPRK to abandon its nuclear program, and hoped that the international community would work together to resolve the DPRK nuclear issue by peaceful means at an early date.In July 2006, New Zealand Foreign Minister Peters issued a statement condemning North Korea's nuclear test.In August 2007, the New Zealand government, through the International Red Cross Society, provided S $500000 in relief funds to the DPRK for reconstruction after heavy rains and floods.In July 2008, New Zealand Foreign Minister Peters announced to provide 500000 Singapore dollars to the United Nations to solve the food shortage problem in North Korea.In April 2009, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli issued a statement condemning North Korea for launching satellites.In May, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli again issued a statement condemning North Korea for its nuclear test.In May and November 2010, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli issued statements condemning the DPRK for the Cheonan incident and the Yeonpyeong Island shelling.In December 2011, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key commented on the death of North Korea's top leader Kim Jong Il, hoping that the political power of North Korea can be smoothly transferred, and that the life of North Korean people can be improved in the future.In April and December 2012, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli strongly condemned North Korea's satellite launch twice.In February 2013, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli strongly condemned the DPRK's nuclear test.In February 2016, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli strongly condemned the DPRK's satellite launch.In October 2016, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key said that the Kim Jong Un government's insistence on nuclear tests is a huge threat to the Korean Peninsula and the world.In November 2017, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters condemned the DPRK's third nuclear test.In December, New Zealand's Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters said that New Zealand supported the adoption of the United Nations Security Council resolution on North Korea and more severe sanctions against North Korea.In March 2018, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters said that New Zealand firmly supports all parties to achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula through diplomatic means, and welcomes the inter Korean dialogue between the United States and the DPRK.In April, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters said that New Zealand welcomed the signing of the Panmunjom Declaration by the DPRK and the ROK.In October 2019, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters said during his visit to South Korea that the DPRK's frequent ballistic missile tests violated Security Council resolutions.In February 2020, New Zealand Prime Minister Aden said that New Zealand was concerned about the DPRK's continued development of nuclear tests and ballistic missile programs, would continue to implement sanctions against the DPRK, and encouraged the DPRK to adhere to dialogue and consultation and take concrete steps to achieve final, complete and verifiable denuclearization.
Relations with Russia
Actively develop relations with Russia.In April 2004, the two countries held a series of activities to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations.New Zealand Speaker Hunter visited Russia.In June, New Zealand announced to invest NZ $1 million to establish a chemical weapons elimination facility in Russia.In January 2008, the President of the Joint Council of the House of Representatives of the Russian Federation visited Singapore.In June 2010, New Zealand and Russia launched free trade negotiations.In January 2012, Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov visited Singapore.In September, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Russia.In October 2013, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Russia.In March 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli expressed concern about the situation in Ukraine and called on the United Nations Security Council to play a leading role in preventing tensions between Russia and Ukraine.In July 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macaulay expressed concern about the crash of Malaysia Airlines MH17 and called for a comprehensive investigation of the incident.In August 2016, New Zealand Foreign Minister Miley visited Russia.In November 2017, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters held formal talks with Russian Foreign Minister Lavro during his attendance at the APEC Ministerial Meeting and the East Asia Summit.In March 2022, New Zealand passed the Russian Sanctions Act to impose sanctions on relevant Russian individuals and entities.
According to Singapore's statistics, in 2022, bilateral trade between New Zealand and Russia will amount to S $124.6 million, including S $99.21 million in exports and S $25.39 million in imports from New Zealand.
Relations with Latin America
Focus on Chile, Argentina, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Brazil to actively develop economic and trade relations and promote education exports.In July 2005, New Zealand signed the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement with Singapore, Chile and Brunei.In March 2006, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark visited Chile.In November, Chilean President Bachelet visited Singapore.In September 2007, Mexican President Calderon visited Singapore.In November, President Vazquez of Uruguay visited New Zealand.In January 2010, the New Zealand government provided S $2 million in aid to the Haitian government in connection with the earthquake in Haiti.In March, New Zealand and Mexico signed a renewable energy cooperation agreement.In June, Chile's Minister of Energy Bernard visited Singapore.In October, New Zealand's Minister of Trade and Minister of International Climate Change Negotiations Grose visited Brazil, Costa Rica and Mexico.In March 2011, New Zealand's Minister of Trade and Minister of International Climate Change Negotiations Grose visited Mexico.In March 2013, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited Mexico, Chile, Colombia and Brazil.In May, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago and the Bahamas and attended the Caribbean Community Foreign Ministers' Meeting.New Zealand Trade Minister Grose attended the "Pacific Alliance" ministerial meeting and summit held in Colombia.In September, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Dominica and Saint Kitts and Nevis.In May 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli attended the Caribbean Community Foreign Ministers' Meeting held in Guyana and visited Cuba.In April 2015, New Zealand Minister of Economic Development Joyce visited Chile, Colombia and Brazil.In June 2017, New Zealand Foreign Minister Brownley visited Cuba and Colombia.In November 2018, President Sebastian Pinera of Chile visited Singapore.In July 2019, New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Peters visited Chile and Peru.
Mexico is New Zealand's largest trading partner in Latin America.According to New Zealand's statistics, in 2022, the bilateral trade volume between New Zealand and Mexico will be 3.24 billion New Zealand dollars, including 1.45 billion New Zealand dollars in exports and 1.79 billion New Zealand dollars in imports.
Relations with Africa
We are optimistic about the development potential of the African continent, comprehensively promote the development of relations with South Africa, and attach importance to relations with Egypt.In November 2007, New Zealand Prime Minister Clark visited Egypt.In June 2010, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key visited South Africa.In September 2011, New Zealand Minister of Trade and Minister of International Climate Change Negotiations Grose visited South Africa to attend the preparatory ministerial meeting of the United Nations Climate Change Conference.In December, New Zealand's Minister of Trade and Minister of International Climate Change Negotiations Groser and Minister of Climate Change Affairs Smith attended the Climate Change Conference in Durban, South Africa.In January 2013, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited Ethiopia.In March, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli went to Egypt to attend the summit level Council meeting of the League of Arab States.In April, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli visited South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Mauritius and Mozambique.In July, New Zealand Foreign Minister Makali visited Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Ethiopia and Seychelles.In December, New Zealand Prime Minister John Key went to South Africa to attend Mandela's funeral.In January 2014, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli attended the AU Summit in Ethiopia.In June, New Zealand's Foreign Minister Makali visited Ghana.In January 2015, New Zealand Foreign Minister Macalli attended the AU Summit in Ethiopia.In April 2021, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta spoke with South African Minister of International Relations and Cooperation Pandor.In June 2022, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta met with President Kagame of Rwanda and Foreign Minister Francis of Sierra Leone during the Commonwealth Government Summit in Rwanda.In August 2023, New Zealand Foreign Minister Mahuta visited South Africa and met with the South African Foreign Minister.
Travel?
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New Zealand is an island country with natural scenery everywhere, including mountains, volcanoes, endless coastline, bays and rainforests.In addition to Wellington, the capital, and Auckland, the largest city, famous tourist cities include Queenstown on the South Island, Taupo and Rotorua on the North Island.
Tivashipnamu - Southwestern New Zealand (1990) includes four national parks, namely, Olaki/Cook Mountain National Park, Fjord National Park, Espaglin Mountain National Park and Westland Taptini National Park.
Honors won
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In December 2023, he won the "Fossil Prize" at the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.[16]
