synonymStuttgart(City in southwest Germany) generally refers to Stuttgart
Stuttgart is located inGermanySouthwesternBaden WuerttembergCentral Neckar Valley, nearblack forest。It is not only the state capital of the state, but also the capital of the state administrative region and Stuttgart region and the largest city of the state.It's also the state'spolitical center：Bafu PrefectureParliament, state government, and many state government departments are located here.Because of its importance in economy, culture and administration, it is one of the most famous cities in Germany.Rank in the world in 2020urban economy 28 in the competitiveness ranking list,global citySustainable competitiveness16 bit[8]。
Stuttgart is the sixth largest city in Germany, and Stuttgart region is the fourth largest city consortium in the country (second only toRuhrgebiet , Rhine Maine andBerlin）。The major cities near Stuttgart are: 204 km north of StuttgartFrankfurt。
Stuttgart and its surrounding areas are famous for high-tech enterprises, includingDaimler 、Porsche, Robert·Bosch Limited companiesInternational Business Machines CorporationThese famous enterprises in Germany and even the world were born here.In addition to these large international enterprises, Stuttgart also has 1500 small and medium-sized enterprises.RankFrankfurtAfter that, Stuttgartstock exchangeIt is the second largest stock exchange in Germany.Bavarian Bank is also one of the largest credit institutions in Germany.Stuttgart also has the third largest in GermanyCasino。The city is also famousWineProduction area.
It was a city defense fortress in the 13th centuryWuteng CastleThe capital of the new principality.Railway junction，River port, International Airport.There are electronics, automobile, machinery, precision instrument, textile, food and other industries.World famousMotor City，Mercedes BenzLocation,PorscheThe birthplace of the company.SamepublishingCenter.Many colleges and universities, museums, etc.There are large mineral springs and many vineyards nearby.It is an important mineral waterWinePlace of Origin.The philosopher Hegel was born here.Because of its importance in economy, culture and administration, it is one of the most famous cities in Germany.
Stuttgart Scenery
The city emblem of Stuttgart is a black horse leaping in the golden yellow field,ItalyAutomobile brandFerrariAnd German auto brandsPorscheAll the horses in the logo are from the emblem of Stuttgart[7]。The name "Stuttgart" has been modified countless times from the word Stutengarten over the centuries. It turns out that the word roughly means "Equestrian Garden" or“Stud farm”。About 950 years ago,Holy Roman EmperorOtto I One of his sons,Duke of Swabia Rudolph established Stuttgart and used it as a horse farm (especially his father's cavalry).Later (about 1300 years), Stuttgart became the residence of the Earl of Wuerttemberg.In 1496, the Earl of Wuertenberg wasHoly Roman EmpireThe emperor was promoted to Duke of Wuerttemberg.After Napoleon disbanded the Holy Roman Empire, the Duke of Wuertenberg got the title of king, and Stuttgart became the king's palace.
The Royal Family andBaden- The name of Wuerttemberg State originally came from a steep mountain named Wuerttemberg in Stuttgart.stayOn the hilltopThere was Queen Katrina (Russia) in 1824czarPaul I's daughter) and the king of WuerttembergWilliam IThe mausoleum of.
Stuttgart Scenery
During the 1848 revolution, a democratic and independent parliament (the Frankfurt Parliament) was established in Frankfurt to overcome the split situation in Germany.After a long discussion, the Parliament decided toGerman EmperorTitle granted byKing Of Prussia 。When democratic activities weakened, German nobles regained control of their independent landcontrol power。In the end, the King of Prussia rejected the proposal of revolution.Members of Parliament were expelled from Frankfurt, while the most radical members (those who wanted to establish a republic) fled to Stuttgart.A short time later, the "remaining parliament" established by the remaining parties of the parliament was dissolved by the Wuerttemberg army.
In 1871, as an autonomous kingdom, Wuerttemberg joined Prussian Prime Minister Bismarck through several successful wars andDiplomatic meansCreatedGerman Empire。the First World WarAfter,monarchyThe fall of Wuerttemberg Free State was established asWeimar Republic Part of.In 1920, Stuttgart was the German National Government (the administration had been separated fromBerlin）Location of.the Second World WarDuring this period, the downtown of Stuttgart was almost completely destroyed by air strikes.
In 1945, the Allies occupied Germany.They merged Baden and Wuerttemberg, and established a new democratic Baden Wuerttemberg state (the third largest state in Germany) in 1952, with its capital in Stuttgart.
Postwar implementationmarshall planThe plan to support the economic and political recovery and reconstruction of Europe isUS Secretary of StateIn Stuttgartopera house(September 6, 1946).This statement directly led to Britain and the United Statesoccupation zoneAnd called bi zone.Two years later, France also joined bi zone and became tri zone, which laid the foundation for the establishment of the Federal Republic of Germany.Stuttgart and Frankfurt have both becomefederalPowerful in the capitalcompetitor, but ultimatelybonn win victory.
In the following decadesCold WarDuring this period, allAfricaandAtlanticOfUS militaryThe joint command center has been moved to the U.S. European Command (EUCOM) in Stuttgart.The headquarters of EUCOM is still here.
administrative division
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Stuttgart has a population of 634830 (2019) and an area of 207 square kilometers.5 in totalUrban areaAnd 18 out of city districts.Among the 23 urban areas, there are 141 urban areas of different sizes.
Stuttgart
In order to strengthen the connection between Stuttgart and surrounding towns, the city and the surrounding five state counties (Poplingen,Eslingen，GepingenLudwigsburg, Ims Mo County) constructed the Stuttgart region.There are 3700 square kilometers and 2.7 million people.2.7 million residents shuttle between cities and towns in the whole region every day. It is common for them to go to school and work in different places. Residents have no distinction between Stuttgart, a city or a region.Due to its large area and strong economic strength, this region has won the title of "Stuttgart EuropeMetropolitan area".
However, in terms of the official division of the German government, Batu Verde has been divided into four state-level jurisdictions, Stuttgart, the surrounding Halboron Frank region and the EastWuteng CastleThe area together constitutes the Stuttgart jurisdiction with an area of 11000 square kilometers and a population of 3.99 million, which is the largest in Pakistan Fuzhou.The remaining three Bavarian - Fuzhou jurisdictions areKarlsruheJurisdiction;TubingenJurisdiction;Freiburg Jurisdiction.
Stuttgart andprotestant (Wuerttemberg State Correctional Church)CathedralAnd Rothenburg, one of the two bishopric churches in Stuttgart diocese.
geographical environment
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terrain
Southwest RhineFault valleyThe area is flanked by mountains with steep valley walls.
climate
In the Atlantic and EastContinental climateCoolWesterlies。Due to its location in the basin and dense population, Stuttgart has a high climate.And often there is sultry weather, and the surrounding forestsWindshieldoutside.Noon temperature up to 40centigradeDue to the lack of convection at night, the temperature will not drop too much, so the temperature is not "appropriate".In winter, there is no ice and snow in the urban area. As there are many tall buildings, the cold wind seldom patronizes.StuttgartianAnnual average temperatureIt is 10.7 ℃.Since Stuttgart is located inLeeward slope, so the precipitation is less, and it belongs to the dry area of Germany.
Economics
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The car has many fathers, but only one hometown.fromGottlieb Daimler (Gottlieb Daimler) andWilhelm Maybach (Wilhelm Maybach) built the first portable and fast model in the workshopgasoline engineFrom the day ofAutomobile industryThe firm position of.And the workshop transformed from a greenhouse has become a memorial hall for tourists.That year was 1885. Since then, Stuttgart has become the worldautomotive industry A shining star in the field.[2]
This is a city riding on speed, which has bred the world's most outstanding automobile brands.In this magical city, such asMercedes Benz, PorscheMaybach Such a heavyweight automobile brand has also been bornFerdinand Porsche The best-selling car Beetle is built, so the local residents are also kindcall jokinglyMy hometown is the cradle of cars.
In fact, the pursuit of speed in this city has a long history.As early as 950 AD, the son of Otto I, the prosperous Roman emperor, built a city in today's southwest Germany. The city's sole purpose was to raise horses and named it Stutengarten.With the evolution of history, this complex name has also been simplified to Stuttgart.
FerrariThe logo of "" is famous for a vaulting horse on a yellow background, which is unknown to everyone.Long before Ferrari, the black steed leaping from the golden yellow field was the city emblem of Stuttgart.It is worth mentioning that the design in the Porsche LOGO also uses the revised Stuttgart city emblem sample.
As time passed, Stuttgart followed the tradition of ancient times and became an important industrial and cultural town in Germany.In the era of war and smoke, the city with the mission of cultivating war horses has now become the headquarters of many German luxury car brands.
In Stuttgart, there are two famous automobile museums, and their owners areBenzAnd Porsche.Here, you can not only see the amazing design of the building itself, but also witness the development of these two legendary automobile brands.Every furnishings and exquisite design in the museum are interpreting the essence of the brand andDesign concept。[3]
If you are lucky enough to visit Stuttgart, you must not miss the square named "Porsche", where there is also a building with science fiction color. This isPorsche Museum 。The whole building isSteel frame structureHanging in the air, it has a strong but dynamic styleDesign Elementsecho each other at a distance.
uni stuttgart
The world famous automobile manufacturer Daimler Benz Automobile Company is located here.The huge Mercedes Benz trident erected in the center of Stuttgartlogo , has become the symbol of this city.Production base of Mercedes Benz cars——SindfingenIt is the largest production base of luxury cars in the world, with more than 31000 employees in 2007, including more than 8000 engineers and designers in the technical center.650 vehicles are driven from this factory every dayMercedes Benz Class CSedan, 1200 E-Class cars and more than 300 S-Class cars, as well as CLSLKEtc.In Lower Oakland near Stuttgart, there is Daimler IMercedes BenzResearch center andTesting ground。
Stuttgart's long-standing tradition has nurtured the city's reputation as the "cradle of cars", and it has also maintained its unremitting pursuit of human speed for more than 1000 years.It is also because of this that the world's best luxury car brands and sports car brands have been achieved.
Sociology
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education
Stuttgart has the most intensive scientific, theoretical and research institutions in Germany.About 11% of GermanyScientific research achievementsThey all come from here, and the profits brought by them reach 4.3 billion euros every year.There are six Fraunhofer Institutes and two Marx Planck Institutes
Colleges and universities include:
uni stuttgart
oneuni stuttgart (UNI Stuttgart, Comprehensive, 2013QSThe latest ranking of world universities (No. 29 in paragraphs 201-300)
There are 150000 companies in Stuttgart, which is famous for high-tech industries, among which Daimler is the most famous,Porsche，Bosch ，HP，IBMSuch as German and world famous companies, these companies have their German headquarters here.
In addition, StuttgartFrankfurtIn addition, Germany is the second largeststock exchangeLocation.Many importantfinance companyHeadquartered in Stuttgart.
Sports
Football
Team Profile
Team name: Stuttgart
Stuttgart 1893 Sports Competition Club, Stuttgart for short.The club was founded in 1893 in Stuttgart, Germany.It is an old and powerful team in German football and has won the Bundesliga championship many times.
In the German Masters in Stuttgart, the world's dedicated riders came together.Friends in the sports field and equestrian enthusiasts are looking forward to the ever-changing jumping, training equestrian, and carriage competitive performances.Top riders hereSports activitiesIt was awarded the title of "World's Best Indoor Equestrian Competition".
Event name: Mercedes Cup Tennis Tournament Venue: Stuttgart, Germany Event level: ATP World Tour 250 (250 refers to 250 points for the champion of the event) Venue type: laterite
Stuttgart OpenSince 1978, its first championship was won by Penel, and in the following decades, it has also been loved by many famous players. Nadal, the king of clay, won the championship here twice, and in 2008ArgentinaRookie Del Portro captured himselfCareerHe became the first champion of the team and started his winning streak.untilUS OpenQuarter finalsDefeatMurray, a total of 23 consecutive wins.In the history of this eventgrand slamWinner Agassi, formerWimbledonThe champion Ivanisevich and the famous player Bijo Berger have won the championship
Event name:Porsche Tennis Grand Prix Venue: Stuttgart, Germany Level:WTAType of top tour venues: indoor hard ground (before 2009), indoor laterite (since 2009)
The event was held in 1978 and is the oldest indoor women's event in Europe. In 2009, it was reformed into an indoor clay event and the event was advanced.It is the only indoor clay event in today's WTA Tour.The special feature of the event is that the singles champion will win a car in addition to a high bonusPorsche Coupe。Hingis, Davenport, Clijsters, Haining and Sharapova have all won the championship of this event.[4]
By Deutsche Bahn（DB）Six rules for intermodal transportation with regional governmentsLight rail trainThe line (S-Bahn) connects all towns and cities in Stuttgart.There are also 18 subway lines (U-Bahn) in the city (including some special lines);OnetramLine;One gear tram line;A cable car line and countless bus lines are all operated by Stuttgart Tram Company (SSB) alone.As a supplement, there are also many private enterprisesTransportationThe company has opened up new bus routes.But all the trafficTransportation companyMust be approved by the Stuttgart Transportation and Price List Alliance (VVS)unified management , not only formulate a unified ticket style and price, but also provide detailed train numbersquery system 。
Transport hub
Stuttgart is an important part of Pakistan FuzhouTransport hub。In the south of Stu City, Lefedern Ashtettenn owns the largestStuttgart Airport （Airport code: STR), since the third terminal of the airport was officially operated in March 2004Passenger traffic volumeTo 12 million.In 2003, the airport transported 7.6 million passengers.Stuttgart is also an important railway hub.Passengers can easily arrive from hereKarlsruhe，Strasbourg, Paris direction;Mannheim -CologneDirection;Ulm -MunichDirection;Zurich Milan direction;And Haier Blum -Nuremberg Any city in the direction.At the same time, it is also an important train at the Conwestheim Railway Station in StuttgartMarshalling stationone of.
External traffic
Two important German expressways A8 (Paris Munich) and A81 (Zurich Vilzburg) meet in Stuttgart, forming an important external road for StuttgartTraffic network。At the same time, an inland river port has also become the main force of freight transport in Stuttgart.
Historical culture
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Architecture
Stuttgart Scenery
Stuttgartiancultural lifeIt is very famous, especially Staatstheater and Staatsgalerie.Staatstheater includes aopera houseAnd 3 small theaters, performing operasBallet, plays and concerts.The world-famous Stuttgart Opera House won the reputation of "Opera of the year" (Germany/Austria/Switzerland）5 years (1998-2002).The famous Stuttgart ballet and John Cranko andMarcia HaydéeTheir names are linked together.The city also has two Broadway style music theaters, Apollo and Palladium (1800 seats each).
The downtown of Stuttgart isthe Second World WarDuring the urban reconstruction in the 1950s and 1960s, manyHistorical buildingsDisappeared, such as Kronprinzen palais at Schlossplatz.The city is short of historic buildings.In addition to the reconstruction of historical buildings, there are some excellent post-war modern buildings.
1200-1600 Collegiate church (Stiftskirche, Romanesque/Gothic), with simplified interior during post-war reconstruction;
1300-1500 Old Palace (Altes Schlo ß;,The RenaissanceStyle), post-war reconstruction;
1700-1800 New Palace (Neues Schlo ß;,Baroque/classicism）, internal modern style during post-war reconstruction;
Time: from September 1 to September 7 of each year Cycle: once a year
Cultural overview: wine tasting experts andWineFans will gather in the beautiful provincial capital city of Baden Wuerttemberg to taste the fruits of summer in Stuttgart Wine Village. At the market square,Schiller SquareAnd around the old palace,
Kanstadt Folk Festival - Cultural Overview of the Stuttgart Beer Festival: a large festival with a long history will be erected in the center of the square 24 meters high and decorated with various fruits on the celebration day.The folk festival originated from the harvest celebration in 1818, and the harvest pole dates back toqueenA bountiful gift given to citizens by Katarina and King Wiheim I after the Great Famine of 1818.
Cultural profile: StuttgartThanksgivingAlso known as People's Day, more than 5 million people come to Stuttgart every year to participate in this grand festival, which takes place at the end of September and the beginning of October.This festival was first established in 1818.In the golden autumn of October, there was a bumper harvest in agriculture. Farmers put the fruits together, sang and danced, celebrated the harvest, and thanked nature for its gifts.
3 * Christmas Market Festival
Time: from the last Thursday in November
StuttgartChristmas market (Stuttgarter Weihnachtsmarkt) was held in the market square and Schillerplatz, with more than 200 stalls.On the last Thursday of November every year, in the palace courtyard of the Old King's Palace, the Christmas market is announced in the traditional celebration concert.
Stuttgart is derived from the German term horse farm. In ancient times, here wasPrinces and nobilityOfHorse farmNow it is the most developed economy in Europeper-capita output valueOne of the tallest big cities.Maybe it was influenced by the horse farmMercedes BenzAnd Porsche were born and grown in Stuttgart.Stuttgart Christmas Square, which has a history of more than 300 years, has become the oldest, best and largest Christmas Square in Europe, with more than 200 stalls every year.Located atSchiller SquareThese wooden stalls and their unique roofs are accompanied by fragrant wine andcinnamonPlaid cakeThe sweet and fragrant taste attracts many tourists.
