Literary pronunciation, also known as classical Chinese pronunciation.Literal and colloquial pronunciation is a common phenomenon in dialects, so many dialects have colloquial pronunciation andLiterary pronunciationTwo expression systems.Literary pronunciationIt is the pronunciation used when reading and recognizing words, while the vernacular pronunciation (speech sound) is widely used in daily life production.In China, Wu and Min languages are the prominent language families of cross language reading, which is also the focus of current research.
Literary pronunciationYesdialectThe phonetic system of "" imitates the standard pronunciation, and "" white reading "" is a dialectVernacular。Therefore, the most common feature of literary and colloquial reading is that literary reading is generally close to the official standard language.More precisely, the "white reading layer" and "literary reading layer" within a "dialect" usually represent that the language has contacted the pronunciation of a certain Chinese language (usually from the north) at different times in history, thus accumulating and coexisting like strata.for exampleMinnanOriginally, the Three Kingdoms PeriodWei, Jin, Southern and Northern DynastiesThe pronunciation of Chinese characters in the era has become the "white reading layer" of the language;toTang dynastyLater, a new set of pronunciations that might be similar to the Mandarin at that time was introduced, forming the "literary reading layer" of the language.
Basic classification
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Because the standard pronunciation of Chinese characters is different in different historical periods, there are roughly two situations of text reading:
1、 In ancient times《Song rhyming dictionary》It is the standard pronunciation, and the dialect imitates the pronunciation of Guangyun as the literal pronunciation,MinnanIt also retains the pronunciation of Tang Dynasty Mandarin.
2、 Northern China since the Yuan DynastymandarinAs a universal sound, the southern dialect imitates the pronunciation of Mandarin as a literal pronunciation, such asShanghaineseThe "big" reading of "coat" in the middle [da] is literary reading, close tomandarin；The "big" reading of "adult" is in vain.The second situation has led to the fact that there are fewer literary and colloquial differences in northern dialects, while there are more in southern dialects.
Development status
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Literal and colloquial reading, which is caused by the use of words, is a competitive relationship once it is formed.[1]In the process of language development, the competitiveness of Chinese pronunciation is greater than that of white pronunciation, constantly eroding the white pronunciation system and even replacing it.There are also a few places where the white reading level of the dialect system prevails.
