Digital Single Lens Reflex Camera (DSLR)camera。It belongs to the intersection of digital still camera (DSC) and SLR camera.
SLRIt refers to single lens reflection, namelySLR(Single Lens Reflex), which is the most popularViewfinderSystem, most 35mm cameras use thisviewfinder。In this system,reflectorAnd the unique design of prism enables the photographer to directly observe the image passing through the lens from the viewfinder.Therefore, the same image that the film is about to "see" can be accurately seen.The system'sheartIt is a movable reflector, which is placed in front of the film plane at an angle of 45 °.The light entering the lens is reflected upward by the reflector to a piece of ground glass.The early SLR camera must grasp the camera in a waist level manner and look down at the ground glass for view.Although the image on the ground glass is upright, it is upside down.In order to correct this defect, a pentaprism is installed above the ground glass in the eye level SLR camera.This prism reflects light for many times to change the light path, and sends its image to the eyepiece. At this time, the image is upright and corrected from side to side.In view taking, most of the light entering the camera is reflected upward by the reflector to the pentaprism, and almost all SLR cameras' shutters are directly in front of the film (because this kind of shutter is located on the film plane, it is called the focal plane shutter). During view taking, the shutter is closed, and no light reaches the film.When the shutter button is pressed, the reflector quickly turns up to open the light path, and the shutter opens at the same time, so the light reaches the film and the shooting is completed.The reflector in most cameras will then reset immediately.
AF of digital SLR and ordinary digital camera（Fast Hybrid AF ）There are essential differences.SLR cameras are usedphase differenceAF
Optical system difference between slr camera and ordinary dc
(Although with the popularity of real-time shooting, many digital SLRs can be usedcontrastBut the phase difference AF isSLRThis part is a landmark must for ordinary small dc digital cameras.staySLR digital cameraThe focusing system is an independent module under the reflector.It exists relying on the reflector and works relying on the light reflected by the reflector.If there is no reflector, the phase difference af module will not work.ordinarydcBy the LordccdFor focusing, this contrast af does not know whether the focus is forward or backward, so it is necessary to guess that there will be a process of pulling the bellows. The phase difference af used by the SLR is to directly determine how far from the focus and what direction it is through the offset of the light spot on the phase difference sensor, so it can focus at high speed.This isDigital photographyThe process of capturing is crucial, which is the main reason why the structure of SLR is still retained.Moreover, due to the use of special sensors, the accuracy can be very high.
Phase difference af module, the core part of slr camera
First, let's know what a digital SLR camera is.To put it bluntly, digital SLR camera is a digital camera that uses the new technology of SLR.As a professional digital camera, the photos taken with it are incomparable to ordinary cameras in terms of clarity and photo quality.All these are the achievements of SLR technology in the high performance of digital SLR cameras.
Single lens reflex, that is, single lens reflex.The camera using this technology has only one lens, which is used for both photographing and shooting.In this way, the problem of picture quality degradation caused by parallax can be basically solved.In addition, when using the SLR camera to take a view, the light from the subject is focused by the lens, reflected to the focus screen by the tilted reflector, and then reflected by the ridge "ridge prism" at the top. The photographer can observe the scene through the viewfinder eyepiece, and it is the same image as the scene up, down, left, right, so it is very convenient to take a view and focus.When photographing, the reflector will immediately pop up, the lens aperture will automatically shrink to a predetermined value, and the shutter will be opened to sensitize the film;After exposure, the shutter is closed, and the aperture of the reflector and lens are reset at the same time.This is the SLR technology in cameras. After adopting this technology, digital cameras become professional digital SLR cameras.
working principle
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In the working system of the SLR digital camera, the light passes through the lens and reaches the reflector, refracts to the focusing screen above and forms an image. Through the eyepiece and pentaprism, we can see the outside scenery in the viewing window.
During DSLR shooting, when the shutter button is pressed, the reflector will spring up, the shutter curtain in front of the sensitive element (CCD or CMOS) will open at the same time, and the light through the lens will be projected onto the sensitive element, and then the reflector will immediately return to its original state, and the image can be seen again in the viewing window.Single lens reflex cameraThis structure of the camera determines that it is shot by focusing through the lens. It can make the image seen in the viewing window always the same as that on the film. Its shooting range is basically consistent with the actual shooting range, which is very conducive to intuitive shooting and composition.
main features
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One of the great features of SLR digital cameras is that they can exchange lenses of different specifications. This is the inherent advantage of SLR cameras, which is unmatched by ordinary digital cameras.
In addition, SLR digital cameras are positioned at the high-end products of digital cameras. Therefore, in terms of the area of photosensitive elements (CCD or CMOS) related to the photographic quality of digital cameras, the area of SLR digital cameras is far larger than that of ordinary digital cameras, which makes the photosensitive area of each pixel of SLR digital cameras far larger than that of ordinary digital cameras,Therefore, each pixel can also show a more detailed brightness and color range, making the photography quality of SLR digital cameras significantly higher than that of ordinary digital cameras.
advantage
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summary
The professional positioning of digital SLR cameras determines that even popular products for ordinary users and enthusiasts have a lot of advantages, which is the fundamental reason why many enthusiasts choose digital SLR cameras.We can sum up the professional characteristics of digital SLR into the following aspects:
1. Advantages of image sensor
For digital cameras, the photo sensor is one of the most important core components, and its size is directly related to the shooting effect. In order to achieve a good shooting effect, the most effective way is not only to increase the number of pixels, but also to increase the size of CCD or CMOS.Whether CCD or CMOS is used, the sensor size of digital SLR camera is far larger than that of ordinary digital camera.Therefore, the number of sensor pixels of the digital SLR is not only relatively high (at least 6 million at present), but also the area of a single pixel is four or five times that of a civilian digital camera. Therefore, it has an excellent signal-to-noise ratio and can record a wide range of brightness.The image quality of the 6 megapixel digital SLR camera is absolutely better than that of the 8 megapixel digital camera using a 2/3 inch CCD.
2. Rich lens selection
As a kind of optical, mechanical and electrical integration product, the performance of the optical imaging system is also very important to the final imaging effect. Having an excellent lens is no less important for imaging than the choice of image sensors.At the same time, as the cost of image sensors, image engines and storage devices continues to decrease,Optical lensThe proportion of the cost of digital cameras is also increasing.This is especially true for digital SLR. In the selection of traditional SLR cameras, the richness and imaging quality of the lens group are important factors for the choice of film friends. In the digital era, the retention rate of the lens group has become the basis for brand competition.Canon, Nikon and other brands all have large auto focus lens groups. From ultra wide angle to ultra long focus, from macro to soft focus, users can choose matching lenses according to their own needs.At the same time, due to the large area of the sensor, it is easier for the digital SLR camera to obtain excellent imaging.More importantly, many photography enthusiasts usually have one or two or even more than a dozen professional lenses, which are purchased with their own hard-earned money. If they buy the body of the digital SLR camera, they will activate the lens at once, and form a complementary film and digital system with the original traditional film camera.
3. Fast response speed
One of the biggest problems with ordinary digital cameras is that the shutter lag is long, and the best moments are often missed if you don't grasp them well when capturing.The response speed is just the advantage of digital SLR. Because its focusing system is independent of the imaging device, they can basically achieve the same response speed as traditional SLR, making it easy for users in news and sports photography.Canon's EOS1D MARK Ⅱ andNikon D2HBoth can achieve a continuous shooting speed of 8 pictures per second, which is comparable to traditional film cameras.
4. Excellent hand control ability
Although the automatic shooting function of today's cameras is getting stronger and stronger, due to the ever-changing environment and shooting objects, a user who has certain requirements for photography will not just be satisfied with shooting in automatic mode.This requires that digital cameras also have the ability to adjust manually, so that users can adjust according to different situations to obtain the best shooting effect.Therefore, having the function of manual adjustment has become a necessary function of digital SLR, and also a representative of its professionalism.Among many manual functions, exposure and white balance are two important aspects.When the automatic light metering system is unable to accurately judge the light condition and color temperature of the shooting environment during shooting, users need to judge according to their own experience, and make forced adjustments manually to achieve good shooting results.This is also a reflection of the professionalism of digital SLR. For example, EOS10D can adjust the color temperature value based on 100K each time, helping users get the best results.
5. Rich accessories
An important difference between a digital SLR and an ordinary digital camera is that it has strong scalability. In addition to being able to continue to use additional lenses such as polarizers and interchangeable lenses, it can also use professional flash lights and other auxiliary equipment to enhance its ability to adapt to various environments.For example, high-power flash, ring type macro flash, battery handle, timing remote control, these rich accessories enable digital SLR to meet various unique needs, while ordinary digital cameras are inferior.
malpractice
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This necessary roll up of the reflector also brings some other problems:
1、 The viewfinder will be blocked when taking a picture.Since the time of being blocked is only a matter of an instant, it is not a major problem for the reflector to be reset immediately.However, it also leads to some accidental problems.For example, when using strobe shooting, you will not be able to see whether the strobe device flashes normally through the viewfinder.
2、 The noise of reflector movement.This can become an important issue in places where quiet is required.Since there is no moving mirror suddenly blocking the light path in the range finder camera, this noise will not be generated.
3、 The vibration of the camera is the overall movement of the camera caused by the turning up of the reflector.If you shoot with a shutter time of 1/500 seconds, don't worry.This vibration is imperceptible.However, if you take an accurate picture with a long shutter time, such as in weak lightTelephoto lensWhen shooting, this vibration may be a problem for imaging.
4、 There is another problem with SLR shooting.For example, we want to use a small aperture such as f/32 for shooting, and the light allowed to enter the lens by the aperture f/32 is very weak, which will cause the image seen in the viewfinder to be dim, which may be difficult to focus, or even impossible to focus at all.
In fact, SLR's solution is quite ingenious. It first uses the maximum aperture of the lens to let us finish shooting and focusing. When the shutter is pressed, the aperture of the lens will immediately shrink to the preset aperture to complete film exposure. At the moment of exposure completion, the aperture will open to its maximum aperture to prepare for the next shot.
Selection method
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DSLR（Digital single lens reflex camera）Is it necessary for ordinary domestic players?DSLR is the pursuit of professional users (journalists, photographers) and enthusiasts!Compared with consumer grade DC, there is a big gap between DSLR and consumer grade DC: DSLR brings a larger dynamic range (signal-to-noise ratio), interchangeable lens, better image quality, shorter shutter lag, faster operation and processing speed, more realistic shooting, faster continuous shooting speed and more professional control... These are unmatched by consumer grade DC.
The biggest problem is that the size and weight of the digital camera are larger (heavier) than those of consumer grade digital cameras. Accessories such as lens flash filters make it difficult to carry digital cameras.The second problem is the CCD of the digital SLR camera/CMOS chipIt is easy to be contaminated with dust. Some can remove the dust on the surface of the CCD/CMOS chip through ultrasonic devices, vibration devices, electrostatic devices, etc., but the effect is not very significant.
1. Metering and exposure: There are great differences among metering systems. Usually, double cross focusing is an excellent way.
2. Focus speed, shutter lag, and continuous shooting speed are all very important for news photography, sports photography, wildlife photography, and snapshot photography.For digital SLR cameras, the improvement of performance is accompanied by a sharp rise in price.
3. Generally, the life of the SLR camera shutter is 50000 times, and the life of the middle and high-end SLR camera can reach 80000 to 100000 times,Professional SLR cameraThe longest service life can reach more than 150000 times.In practice, if the high-speed continuous shooting function is frequently used, the shutter life will be reduced.LCD screenIts service life is about 1000 hours.The components that affect the life of the digital SLR camera are the reflective viewfinder system. Frequent and high load use will easily lead to the failure of the reflective viewfinder system.
4. The camera with advanced reliability can be dust-proof and waterproof, and can resist impact (impact).Due to the use of metal body and special materials, such cameras will also be very expensive.
5. In addition to being a Windows andInk jet printerThe sRGB of standard color space can also choose Adobe RGB, which is more widely used.The best color space can be selected according to the purpose of photography.
6. For professional photographers, flash metering and exposure systems are very important. Each manufacturer has its own unique skill in flash system automation. There is no best or worst, only the best.
7. The advantage of lens group digital SLR camera lies in the replaceable lens. Whether the original lens series support and the products of independent lens manufacturers are rich enough to meet your needs is a matter of concern.
8. Whether W/A read-write acceleration technology is supported. All digital SLR cameras released after the fall of 2003 will support W/A read-write acceleration technology. With this technology, the read-write CF card can reach a speed of more than 40 times (6MB/S).
9. Transmission interface Digital SLR cameras released after the fall of 2003 should have both USB2.0 and 1394 live wire terminals.Some cameras should also support 802.11b/g, Bluetooth and other wireless network transmission.
10. Photosensitivity and noise suppression Higher sensitivity and better noise suppression are our pursuit.
11. The maximum shutter speed and the slowest shutter speed (B gate) are two key indicators of the digital SLR camera shutter.The reliability and accuracy of the shutter also need to be concerned.The highest flash synchronization speed is also a sign of whether a digital SLR camera is advanced.
12. Whether the hand feel, shape and weight of the body design are suitable or not is often the most important place to decide to purchase an SLR camera.Regardless of the price, the volume and weight of professional digital SLR cameras are not acceptable to everyone.Amateur digital SLR cameras with small size and light weight are more suitable for ordinary people.
13. The final decisive role of psychology is often psychological, and rational consumption is crucial.
Conclusion: Digital SLR cameras are monopolized by a few manufacturers. It is an absolute truth in the field of digital SLR cameras that every penny is worth every purchase.In order to meet the needs of professional photography with high load and intensity, it is better to choose high-end digital SLR cameras with expensive prices.If it's just a hobby and just for fun, it's the best policy to choose the economical model.
study
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1. Exchange and communicate with relevant film friends, and participate in external shooting and other activities;
2. Go to relevant photography forums to see photos, exchange posts and learn from each other's experience;
3. Purchase relevant books for systematic learning, such as "Special Photography Notes - Playing with SLR Camera in Two Days" (Electronic Industry Press, 2010.3);
4. Go to relevant photography schools for training;
5. Learn from famous teachers.
6. Of course, the most important thing is to constantly practice and find ways from practice[1]
DSLR at a glance
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brief introduction
From the early days when digital camera backs were added on the basis of traditional SLR cameras to today's special models developed specifically for digital needs, DSLR has gradually replaced Silver Salt cameras in the market share of professional fields and become the main group of the market, thus attracting more and more famous optical manufacturers of traditional cameras.The manufacturers or brands that have launched DSLR products so far include Canon, Contax, Fujifilm, KodakKonica Minolta(Konica Minolta, formerly known as Minolta before 2003), Nikon, Olympus, Pentax, Sigma and other manufacturers, while Panasonic, Sony and Samsung, which were originally major manufacturers of consumer electronics products, also announced in 2005 that they would enter the DSLR market through cooperation with existing optical manufacturers,And become the latest participant.Among these brand manufacturers, although Kodak is the first manufacturer to apply digital photosensitive technology to SLR cameras, its products are modified based on traditional cameras of other brands, so its positioning is somewhat different from other special models.In addition, Mamiya-OP, a professional manufacturer of medium frame cameras, officially joined the digital camera market at the end of 2005 and launched the world's first digital medium frame camera, Mamiya ZD.In 2006, Leica released the DIGILUX 3, a sister machine of Panasonic Lumix DMC-L1, which is the first time that this old optical factory has invested in the DSLR market with its own brand (before that, Leica only launched consumer digital camera products and the digital back of traditional SLR cameras).
Epson introduced a lens interchangeable digital camera called R-D1 in 2004, and then introduced an improved model called R-D1s in 2006. Leica also introduced M8 of the same type as R-D1/R-D1s in 2006.In optical principle, these cameras are actually RangeFinder Cameras, which are different from the principle of Single Lens Reflex imaging. Strictly speaking, these cameras do not belong to the family of DSLR cameras, but they are listed as a reference for details.
Canon
Digital SLR camera
Canon EOS D30 (April 2000): The first Canon camera developed for digital needs, using 3 million pixel CMOS sensor, has a focal length conversion rate of 1.6x.Canon EOS-1D (listed in August 2001, production suspended) Canon EOS D60 (listed in January 2002, production suspended) Canon EOS-1Ds (listed in August 2002, production suspended) Canon EOS 10D (listed in January 2003, production suspended) Canon EOS 300D (listed in July 2003, production suspended): also known as EOS Kiss Digital (Japanese market) or Digital Rebel (North American market).Canon EOS-1D Mark II (listed in December 2003, production suspended) Canon EOS 20D (listed in July 2004, production suspended) Canon EOS-1Ds Mark II (listed in August 2004) Canon EOS 350D (listed in January 2005, production suspended): also known as EOS Kiss Digital N (Japanese market) or Digital Rebel XT (North American market).Canon EOS 20Da (launched in February 2005 and discontinued): a derivative version of EOS 20D for astronomical photography only sold in the Japanese market.Canon EOS-1D Mark II N (listed in July 2005) Canon EOS 5D (listed in July 2005) Canon EOS 30D (listed in February 2006) Canon EOS 400D (listed in August 2006): also known as EOS Kiss Digital X (Japanese market) or Digital Rebel XTi (North American market).
Contax
Contax was originally a camera brand owned by Carl Zeiss, a famous German optical manufacturer. Around 1970, as a result of cooperation with the Japanese electronic camera manufacturer Yashica (later Yashica), the production line was completely transferred from Germany to Japan and became purely Japanese production.Yashica was merged by Kyocera in October 1983, and Contax became a brand of Kyocera.However, due to poor profitability, after years of operation, Kyocera announced in April 2005 that it would end the operation of the Contax business group, and all photographic product fronts, including its only DSLR product Contax N Digital, stopped production in 2006.
Contax N Digital (launched in June 2000 and discontinued): the first model in the world to use full size (length and width: 36mm x 24mm, about the same as traditional35mm cameraThe same film is used) The DSLR of CCD actually has 6 million pixels.
Epson
Epson R-D1 (launched in February 2004 and discontinued): The world's first digital range camera is developed jointly by Epson and Cosina, a Japanese optical company. It uses a 6.1 million pixel CCD of APS-C size as a photosensitive element, and can use Leica M Type series lenses.Epson R-D1s (launched in February 2006) Note: Epson R-D1 and R-D1s do not belong to DSLR.
Fuji
Fujifilm FinePix S1 Pro (launched in December 1999 and discontinued): a DSLR of 3.4 million pixels. However, because of the unique honeycomb lattice CCD arrangement (called SuperCCD technology by Fuji) rather than the general chessboard arrangement, Fujifilm FinePix S1 Pro can produce an image of 6.13 million pixels higher than the CCD pixel value.Since Fuji does not own a traditional SLR camera, it is improved on the basis of Nikon F60 and can support all interchangeable lenses that meet the Nikon F Mount specification.Fujifilm FinePix S2 Pro (launched in December 2001 and has ceased production) Fujifilm FinePix S3 Pro (launched in January 2004) Fujifilm FinePix S5 Pro (launched in October 2006)
Kodak
Kodak can be said to be the first company to combine digital and photography. Since the DCS100 in 1991, they have launched several generations of DSLR products, mainly for professional purposes and at a high price.Because Kodak is mainly good at photosensitive technology rather than camera manufacturing, their products in past generations are improved to DSLR based on the body of traditional SLR cameras launched by other camera manufacturers, plus digital photosensitive components.In addition, they also launched special digital camera backs for other brands of cameras. Other brands include many European and Japanese camera brands, and the specifications are not only applicable to 35mm cameras.Unfortunately, Kodak announced in May 2005 that it would stop producing all specialtiesDigital single mirror reflex cameraTherefore, the DCS series professional DSLR has entered the history.
Kodak DCS100 (launched in 1991 and discontinued): DSLR launched based on Nikon F3.Particularly, the DSC100 is a rare camera that stores data on a media other than the fuselage. Instead, it uses signal wires to send the digital information obtained from the photosensitive plate to an external digital storage unit (DSU) for storage.Kodak DCS200 (launched in 1992 and discontinued): The DSLR launched on the basis of Nikon N8008s stores information through an 80MB hard disk built into the machine body.Kodak DCS400 series (launched in March 1995 and discontinued): The DSLR developed on the basis of the Nikon N90 traditional SLR camera has two versions, namely the DCS420 with 2 million pixels and the DCS460 with 6.2 million pixels.Kodak DCS500 series (DCS520 was launched in January 1998, and DCS560 was launched in August of the same year, both of which have stopped production): the DSLR developed with Canon based on the body of Canon EOS-1N, has a DCS520 of 2 million pixels and a DCS560 of 6.2 million pixels.In addition to the Kodak version, Canon also launched the twin versions of these two cameras, named EOS D2000 and D6000.Kodak DCS300 series (DCS315 was launched in June 1998, and DCS330 was launched in June 1999, and has ceased production): a DSLR developed based on the Nikon Pronea 6i traditional camera, in which DCS315 uses a CCD of 1.3 million pixels as the photosensitive element, and the focal length conversion ratio is 2.6x, while DCS330 is 3 million pixels.Kodak DCS600 series (DCS620 was launched in January 1999, and DCS660 was launched in May 1999,DCS620x was launched in April 2000 and has been discontinued): DSLR developed based on the body of Nikon F5 traditional SLR camera, including DCS-620 with 2 million pixels and DCS660 with 6.2 million pixels, as well as DCS620x with 2 million pixels but with ultra-high sensitivity (ISO) simulation capability (ISO 400 to 4000, which can be further enhanced to 6400 in enhanced mode).Kodak DCS700 series (DCS760 was launched in February 2001, and DCS720x was launched in May 2001, all of which have been discontinued): DSLR developed based on the body of Nikon F5 traditional SLR camera, in which DCS760 uses 6.3 million pixel level CCD as the photosensitive element, and the focal length conversion rate is 1.3x,The DCS720x uses a 2 million pixel CCD with a focal length conversion rate of 1.6x, emphasizing the use of motion photography with high ISO value and continuous shooting capability.Kodak DCS Pro series (DCS Pro-14n was launched in August 2002, DCS Pro SLR/n was launched in January 2004, and DCS Pro SLR/c was launched in March 2004, all of which have been discontinued): professional DSLR series using 13.5 million pixel level full size CMOS, of which DCS Pro-14n and DCS Pro SLR/n are based on the Nikon F80 fuselage,DCS Pro SLR/c is developed on the basis of Sigma SA9/SD9/SD10 body, but Canon EF series lens ring is used.
Minolta
Two professional photographic factories in Japan Minolta, which has many years of photographic optical technology, and Konica, which is good at film and photosensitive technology, merged in August 2003. Together, they entered the digital photography market and launched a number of products with excellent evaluation. They have always been known for daring to try new technologies.However, high technology investment and favorable comments do not necessarily represent high profits. Due to long-term losses, Konica Minolta Group sold its optical photography department to the Japanese electronics giant Sony, which was originally a partner, in January 2006. Although it will continue to cooperate and participate in the development of camera products,However, Konica Minolta has completely withdrawn from the operation of the photography market.
Minolta DiMAGE RD-3000 (launched in September 1999 and discontinued): use two 1.5 million level CCD, use the image Stitching technology to obtain a 2.7 million pixel level DSLR that combines images into one, and use lenses that meet the Minolta V Mount specification.Konica Minolta Dynax 7D (launched in August 2004 and discontinued), also known as α - 7 Digital (Japanese market) or Maxxum 7D (North American market), is the world's first DSLR designed with light sensitive elements to prevent hand shock (the factory called Anti Shake), and uses 6.1 million pixel level, APS-C size CCD.Konica Minolta Dynax 5D (launched in June 2005 and discontinued): also known as α Sweet Digital (Japanese market), Maxxum 5D (North American market) or α - 5 Digital (Chinese mainland market).
Leica
GermanyLeica cameraIt has many years of cooperation with Panasonic of Japan. The digital camera lens of Panasonic uses Lycra technology, and Lycra introduces sister models based on some digital cameras launched by Panasonic.
Leica D-LUX 3 (launched in September 2006): the twin version of Panasonic Lumix DMC-L1.Leica M8 (launched in September 2006): It uses the 10.3 million pixel level CCD produced by Kodak, with a focal length conversion rate of 1.33x. It is the first digital camera developed by Leica without a Panasonic model.Although the M8 is a digital camera with detachable lens (using Leica's own M Mount series lens), it does not belong to the category of DSLR strictly because it uses the ranging linkage principle rather than the single mirror reflective imaging principle optically.
mamiya
Unlike traditional camera manufacturers, which mostly start with 135 (35mm) film specifications, Japan's Mamiya OP is a professional manufacturer specializing in medium frame cameras.Although there have been special digital camera back products specially developed for medium frame cameras in the industry, Mamiya ZD, launched by Mamiya at the end of 2005, is still the first medium frame single mirror reflective digital camera product in history.But with the advent of consumer computers and high-level DSLRs,Mamiya's camera sales were hit unprecedentedly. Although Mamiya launched Mamiya ZD in order to save the market, the sales were still poor. Therefore, Mamiya announced on April 21, 2006 that it would resell all its optical and imaging departments to Cosmos Digital Imaging Company, Japan, and withdraw from the optical machinery business on September 1, 2006 and transfer the optical machinery department and branch Mamiya to Cosmos at the same time,The new company is also responsible for the future maintenance service of Mamiya camera.
Mamiya ZD (launched in December 2005): Large CCD with a length of 48mm, a width of 36mm, 5356 pixels × 4056 pixels (21.7 million pixels in total) is used as the medium frame DSLR of the photosensitive element. The factory's own 645AF mount system is used as the switching lens, and the focal length conversion rate is 1.16x.
Nikon
Digital SLR camera
Nikon E2/E2s (launched in 1995 and discontinued): DSLR using 1.3 million pixel CCD, of which E2s is a high-speed model that can take 3 consecutive shots per second.Nikon E2N/E2Ns (launched in 1996 and discontinued): partial improved products of E2/E2s series, of which E2Ns are high-speed special models.Nikon E3/E3s (launched in 1998 and discontinued): DSLRs using 1.4 million pixel CCD, of which E3s are high-speed dedicated models.Nikon D1 (launched in June 1999 and discontinued): The DSLR with 2.62 million pixel level is designed based on part of the structure of Nikon's F5 and F100 traditional SLR cameras for the needs of digitization. The focal length conversion rate is 1.5x.Nikon D1X (listed in January 2001, production stopped) Nikon D1H (listed in January 2001, production stopped) Nikon D100 (listed in January 2002, production stopped) Nikon D2H (listed in June 2003, production stopped) Nikon D70 (listed in December 2003, production stopped) Nikon D2X (listed in August 2004, production stopped) Nikon D2Hs (listed in January 2005): DX high-speed professional DSLR of 4 million pixel LBCAST image sensor is an improved version of D2H.The continuous shooting speed is 8.5 frames per second. The CAM2000 auto focus system supports the GPS data writing function, and the focal length conversion rate is 1.5x.Nikon D70s (launched in April 2005): 6.1 million pixelsCCD image sensorDX frame DSLR is an upgraded version of D70.Crop factor Is 1.5x.Nikon D50 (launched in April 2005): DX frame entry-level DSLR of 6.1 megapixel CCD image sensor.The focal length conversion rate is 1.5x.Nikon D200 (launched in December 2005): DX frame of 10.2 million pixel CCD image sensor is an intermediate quasi professional DSLR, which is an upgraded version of D100.Full pixel continuous shooting speed is 5 frames per second, CAM1000 automatic focusing system supports GPS data writing function, and focal length conversion rate is 1.5x.Nikon D2Xs (launched in June 2006): 12.4 million pixelsCMOS image sensorDX frame top professional DSLR is an improved version of D2X.The full pixel continuous shooting speed is 5 frames per second, and the continuous shooting speed is 8 frames per second in the cutting high-speed mode. The CAM2000 automatic focusing system supports the GPS data writing function, and the focal length conversion rate is 1.5x.Nikon D80 (launched in August 2006): DX frame DSLR of 10.2 megapixel CCD image sensor.The focal length conversion rate is 1.5x.Nikon D40 (available in November 2006): 6.1 megapixelCCD sensorDX frame entry-level DSLR.The focal length conversion rate is 1.5x.
OLYMPUS
Digital SLR camera
Olympus E-1 (launched in May 2003) Olympus E-300 (launched in August 2004) Olympus E-500 (launched in August 2005) Olympus E-330 (launched in January 2006): the world's first DSLR with electronic viewing window and real-time view (originally called Live View).Olympus in E-330Optical viewfinderA small CMOS sensor is installed inside to obtain the same image as that seen in the viewing window but displayed on the LCD on the back of the machine.In addition, the user can also choose to use the main CMOS sensor to view the scene, but the disadvantage is that the two functions of TTL and AF will be temporarily unavailable.Olympus E-400 (available in September 2006)
Panasonic
Panasonic, which was originally only engaged in the production of general consumer digital cameras, entered the DSLR field through cooperation with Olympus. Therefore, like Olympus, Panasonic adopts a completely different approach from traditional film cameras4/3 system。In terms of lens system, Panasonic uses Leica's optical technology, which is similar to the company's general consumer cameras.
Panasonic Lumix DMC-L1 (launched in June 2006): A derivative model that shares local similarities with the Olympus E-330, but also has the same electronic view window (EVOLT) function as the E-330.
Pentax
Digital SLR camera
Pentax * ist D (launched in January 2003, discontinued) Pentax * ist DS (launched in August 2004, discontinued) Pentax * ist DL (launched in May 2005): the entry DSLR model of Pentax.Pentax * ist DS2 (launched in July 2005) Pentax * ist DL2 (launched in January 2006): a partial performance improvement version of * ist DL.Pentax K100D (launched in June 2006): It has a hand shock prevention technology called SR (Shake Reduction, which means "shock absorption") by the factory. This technology uses two inertial gyroscopes to sense the acceleration of the fuselage in the vertical and horizontal directions, and after calculation, it uses the magnetic principle to fine tune the position of CCD elements at high speed to reduce the degree of hand shock.Pentax K110D (launched in June 2006): basically the same as K100D, but cancelledAnti hand shock function。 Pentax K10D (launched in October 2006): Pentax's first DSLR with 10 million pixels.
Samsung
Digital SLR camera
Samsung, a Korean electronics giant, was originally a heavy machinery, semiconductor and consumer electronics company, and has set foot in general consumer digital cameras andcamera phone For some time in the market, in October 2005, Samsung announced the establishment of a cooperative relationship with Pentax to jointly invest in the development of DSLR, and on January 17, 2006, Samsung GX-1S, the company's first DSLR product, was released.Like their consumer digital camera system, Samsung's DSLR mainly uses the lens system of Schneider Kreuznach, a German optical factory.
Samsung GX-1S (launched in January 2005): the twin version of Pentax * ist DS2.Samsung GX-1L (launched in February 2006): the twin version of Pentax * ist DL2.Samsung GX-10 (launched in September 2006): the twin version of Pentax K10D.
Shima
Sigma SD9 (listed in January 2002) Sigma SD10 (listed in September 2003) Sigma SD14 (listed in September 2006)
Sony
Digital SLR camera
Although Sony has long been a major brand in the field of digital photography, and many optical professional factories use the photosensitive elements developed and manufactured by Sony, Sony has never really set foot in the DSLR field with its own brand.In July 2005, Sony announced that it would cooperate with Konica Minolta in the development and sales of DSLR, and unexpectedly, on January 19, 2006, it publicly announced that it would directly receive the photography business department of Konica Minolta, as well as relevant DSLR technologies, including the α Mount lens link system.Konica Minolta officially ended the operation of its photography business on March 31, 2006.
Sony α - 100 (launched in June 2006): 10.2 million pixels, which uses the alpha link originally developed by Minolta, is Sony's first DSLR product ever.
Single mirror camera refracts economic development
