In a broad sense, antibacterial not only refers to anti bacteria, but also includes anti mold, anti-virus, anti algae, anti-corrosion, anti mite, etc.[1]
Note 4:The definition of "anti-corrosion" comes from WS/T 466-2014 Terminology of Disinfection
Note 5:The definition of "anti mite" comes from GB/T 24253-2019 Evaluation of Anti mite Performance of Textiles
In daily life, it is very easy to confuse the concepts of antibacterial and bacteriostasis, disinfection, sterilization, etc.But the country《Technical specifications for disinfection》(2002 Edition) defines them from a professional perspective.
Table 3: Definition of antibacterial, bacteriostatic, disinfection and sterilization
name
english
definition
Antibacterial
antibacterial
The process of using chemical or physical methods to kill bacteria or hinder the growth, reproduction and activity of bacteria.
Bacteriostasis
bacteriostasis
The process of inhibiting or impeding the growth, reproduction and activity of bacteria by chemical or physical methods.
Disinfection
disinfection
Kill or remove pathogenic microorganisms on the transmission media to achieve harmless treatment.
sterilization
sterilization
Treatment to kill or remove all microorganisms on the media.
Difference
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Among them, the difference between disinfection and antibacterial mainly lies in three aspects:
First, antibacterial and disinfection have different forms of action.Disinfection can kill target microorganisms quickly and thoroughly at the required time, at the required position and in a timely manner, with the form of "active attack".The antibacterial products made by adding antibacterial agents will only work when the bacteria come into contact with them, so that the bacteria can not colonize and breed on its surface, and have the characteristics of "waiting for the hare".
Second, antibacterial and disinfection have different time effects.Most disinfection products are relatively active substances, and a considerable part (such as oxygenated compounds, peroxides, etc.) are also strong oxidants.Therefore, it has the characteristics of rapidly killing microorganisms, but it is also very unstable. After use, it quickly decomposes or reacts with other substances and becomes invalid. The residual effect period is very short. To control secondary pollution, it can only be used again.Antibacterial products are generally made by adding stable antibacterial agents, so the antibacterial products are stable in performance and have long-term antibacterial effect.
Antibacterial
Third, antibacterial and disinfection purposes are different.The purpose of disinfection is to prevent or reduce the spread of germs.In addition to preventing or reducing the spread of germs, antibacterial is also used to protect materials or products from microbial damage (such as corruption, mildew, etc.).
Antibacterial concept
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（1） First, it is safe, then it is antibacterial and effective
The purpose of using antibacterial products is to avoid excessive breeding of pathogenic microorganisms on the surface of articles, prevent articles from becoming media to spread the hazards of pathogenic microorganisms, and improve people's health.Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the antibacterial products themselves. On this basis, it is meaningful to improve the antibacterial effectiveness for people's health protection.
The safety performance of antibacterial products can be divided into three levels, namely, they should be harmless to the workers who produce them in the production process, harmless to the consumers who use them in the use process, and harmless to the environment that contains them after they are discarded.
The safety performance requirements of antibacterial products shall be graded.According to the close degree of contact between antibacterial products and human body, the requirements for their safety performance are different.The closer the contact between antibacterial products and human body, the higher the requirements for their safety performance.
（2） Moderate antibacterial
Compared with human beings, microorganisms are the aborigines on the earth. They exist in the atmosphere, water, soil and various extreme environments, even in human skin and lumen surface.Human beings and microorganisms coexist harmoniously. Human beings cannot or are not suitable for living in a completely sterile environment.
Pathogenic microorganisms need certain virulence, quantity and appropriate invasion way to cause organism infection.Antibacterial effect is to greatly reduce the breeding and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms on the surface of articles, so that their number will not cause body infection, and the surface of articles will not become an infectious medium.
Therefore, it is necessary to implement necessary antibacterial measures where necessary.That is to say, not all environments need antibacterial treatment, not all products need antibacterial treatment, and even a product does not need antibacterial treatment for all parts.
For an antibacterial product, its antibacterial rate is not the higher the better, as long as its antibacterial performance meets the technical requirements of the corresponding standards.
