Torsion spring

Mechanical parts that work with elasticity

synonym Torsion spring (torsion spring) generally refers to torsion spring

This entry is made by Compilation and application of scientific encyclopedia entries of "Science Popularization China" to examine.

Torsion spring (Torsion Spring) is one of the most complicated design principles among all spring categories, and the change of type is quite lively, so the theory involved in design is also the most complicated.

Chinese name: Torsion spring
Foreign name: Torsion Spring

Field: Industry
Raw materials: Spring steel

catalog

introduce

Announce

edit

Overview of torsion spring

Announce

edit

The torsion spring belongs to the coil spring. The ends of the torsion spring are fixed to other components. When other components rotate around the center of the spring, the spring will pull them back to their original positions to generate torque or rotating force. The torsion spring can store and release angular energy or statically fix a device by rotating the force arm around the central axis of the spring body. These springs are usually close fitting, but there is a pitch between the coils to reduce friction. They produce resistance to rotation or external forces of rotation. According to the application requirements, the rotation direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) of the torsion spring is designed to determine the rotation direction of the spring. Each circle can be tightly or separately surrounded, and can be suitable for torsional load (at right angles to the spring axis). The end of the spring can be wound into a hook shaped or straight torsion arm.^[1]

parameter

Announce

edit

Torsion spring (Torsion Spring) is the extreme of variable spring, from single torsion spring to Double torsion spring The deformation of deformed torsion springs and even various torsion bars can be shaped according to the design. Therefore, it is difficult to master the necessary information of torsion spring during design:

（1） Free length 。

(2) Control diameter: (a) outer diameter, (b) internal diameter , (c) the inner diameter of the casing, or (d) the outer diameter of the round rod through which it passes.

(3) Wire size "wire diameter".

(4) Material (type and grade).

(5) Number of turns: (a) total number of turns and (b) right or left rotation.

(6) Torsion force: pounds of deflection to a certain angle.

(7) Max deflection (The angle calculated from the free position).

(8) The form of the end.^[1]

Please specify: material diameter (d), outer diameter (D), torsion arm length (L), free height (Lo), and other geometric dimensions, such as leading moment (T 1 T 2... T j) and corresponding and corresponding torsion angle (Ψ)

Torsion

Announce

edit

When the spring is twisted, the material is in tension or shear state, such as the calculation of torsion degree. Therefore, this limit of torsion angle is finally caused by the failure of the material. When the material has plastic deformation, it cannot return to the original state. So it comes down to the tensile strength Follow Shear strength , of course The fourth strength theory The Von Mises stress calculated is the maximum strength that the material can bear. Combined with the length of the spring, the maximum allowable torsion angle can be calculated^[1]

Material Summary

Announce

edit

Common materials of spring^[1]

(From GB/T1239.6-92)

Standard No	standard name	Brand	Diameter specification (mm)	shear Modulus G (MPa)	Recommended hardness HRC	Recommended Temperature ℃	performance
GB four thousand three hundred and fifty-seven	Carbon spring steel wire	25~80 40Mn～70Mn	Grade B: 0.08~13.0 Grade C: 0.08~13.0 Level D: 0.08~6.0	seventy-nine thousand	-	-40～130	High strength, good performance. Class B, C and D are used for low, medium and high stress springs respectively
GB four thousand three hundred and fifty-eight	Piano wire	60~80 T8MnA～T9A 60Mn～70Mn	Group G1: 0.08 ～ 6.0 Group G2: 0.08 ～ 6.0 Group F: 2.0 ～ 5.0	seventy-nine thousand	-	-40～130	High strength and good toughness. For important small springs, Group G2 is stronger than Group G1, and Group F is mainly used for valve springs
GB four thousand three hundred and fifty-nine	Oil quenching for valve tempering Carbon spring steel wire	65Mn seventy	2.0～6.0	seventy-nine thousand	-	-40～150	High strength, good performance. For internal combustion engines Valve spring Or similar spring
GB　4360	Oil quenching tempering Carbon spring steel wire	55、60、 60Mn 、65、 65Mn 、70、 70Mn 、75、80	Class A, Class B 2.0～12.0	seventy-nine thousand	-	-40～150	High strength, good performance. It is applicable to springs for common machinery. Class B has higher strength than Class A
GB four thousand three hundred and sixty-one	Oil quenching tempering Silicomanganese Spring steel wire	60Si2MnA	Class A, B, C 2.0～14.0	seventy-nine thousand	-	-40～200	High strength and good elasticity. Easy to decarburize, used for high load springs. Types A and B are for general purpose springs, and types B and C are for Car suspension Spring
GB four thousand three hundred and sixty-two	Oil quenching for valve tempering Chromium silicon spring steel wire	55CrSi	1.6～8.0	seventy-nine thousand	-	-40～250	There are stronger fatigue strength , for high stress internal combustion engines with higher operating temperatures Valve spring Or other similar springs
GB two thousand two hundred and seventy-one	Oil quenching for valve tempering Chromium vanadium spring steel wire	50CrVA	1.0～10.0	seventy-nine thousand	-	-40～210	ditto
GB five thousand two hundred and eighteen	Silicon manganese spring steel wire	60Si2MnA 65Si2MnWA 70SI2MnA	1.0～12.0	seventy-nine thousand	45~50	-40～200	High strength, good elasticity, easy decarbonization 。 Larger springs for general machinery
GB five thousand two hundred and nineteen	Chromium vanadium spring steel wire	50CrVA	0.8～12.0	seventy-nine thousand	45~50	-40～210	Stable strength performance at high temperature, used for springs at high temperature, such as internal combustion engines Valve spring etc.
GB five thousand two hundred and twenty	Chromium vanadium spring steel wire for valves	50CrVA	0.5～12.0	seventy-nine thousand	45~50	-40～210	ditto
GB five thousand two hundred and twenty-one	Chromium silicon spring steel wire	55CrSiA	0.8～6.0	seventy-nine thousand	45~50	-40～250	Stable strength performance at high temperature, used for high stress spring at high temperature
YB(T) eleven	For spring Stainless steel wire	Group A: 1Cr18Ni9 、 0Cr19Ni10、 0Cr17NI12Mo2 Group B: 1Cr18Ni9 0Cr18Ni10 Group C: 0Cr17Ni8Al	whole 0.8～12.0	seventy-one thousand		-200～300	Corrosion resistant, high and low temperature resistant, small spring used for working under corrosion or high and low temperature conditions
GB three thousand one hundred and twenty-one	Silicon bronze Line	QSi3-1	0.1～6.0	forty-one thousand	HB90～100	-40～120	It has high corrosion resistance and antimagnetic performance. Elastic elements for machinery and instruments
GB three thousand one hundred and twenty-four	Tin bronze Line	QSn4-3 QSN6.5-0.1 QSn6.5-0.4 QSn7-0.2	0.1～6.0	forty thousand	HB90～100	-250～120	It has high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and antimagnetic performance. Elastic elements for machinery and instruments
GB three thousand one hundred and thirty-four	Beryllium bronze Line	QBe2	0.03～6.0	forty-four thousand	37~40	-200～120	It has high wear resistance, corrosion resistance, antimagnetism and conductivity. Precision elastic elements for machinery and instruments
GB one thousand two hundred and twenty-two	Hot rolled spring steel	65Mn	5~80	seventy-eight thousand	45~50	-40～120	Good elasticity, used for ordinary mechanical springs
		55Si2Mn 55Si2Mn8 60Si2Mn 60Si2MnA	5~80	seventy-eight thousand	45~50	-40～200	Higher fatigue strength It has good elasticity and is widely used in various machines, vehicles and other springs
		55CrMnA 60CrMnA	5~80	seventy-eight thousand	47~52	-40～250	Good elasticity, high temperature resistance, used for larger springs bearing heavy loads
		50CrVA	5~80	seventy-eight thousand	45~50	-40～210	High fatigue strength , resistant to high temperature. For larger springs at higher operating temperatures

Application of torsion spring

Announce

edit

Torsion spring is a kind of mechanical part that works with elasticity. It is generally made of spring steel. It is widely used in computer, electronics, household appliances, cameras, instruments, doors, motorcycles, harvesters, automobiles, etc. The main production equipment includes: digital control multi-function computer spring coiling machine, mechanical automatic spring coiling machine, spring grinding machine, heat treatment equipment, large-scale hot coiling spring production line, and quality inspection equipment.^[1]

Novice on the road

Growth task Getting Started with Editing Edit Rule Edit by myself

I have questions

Content query Online Service Official post bar Feedback

Complaints and suggestions

Report bad information Failed to appeal through entries Complaint of infringement information Blocking query and unblocking

Jinggong Network Anbei No. 1100000200001