cuttage propagation

Plant propagation mode

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Cuttage belongs to Asexual reproduction 。 Cutting propagation is Plant reproduction One of the ways of plant Vegetative organ , inserted into loose and wet soil or fine sand Regenerative capacity , make it take root Branching to become a new plant. According to different organs Branch cutting 、 Leaf cutting 、 Rooting , and Bud insertion Points.

The cutting period varies according to the type and nature of plants herb The adaptability to cuttings propagation is large; Except in areas with severe cold in winter or dry in summer, outdoor cutting is not allowed hotbed Under equipment conditions, cutting can be carried out in all seasons. Woody plant The cutting period of Deciduous tree and Evergreen tree The decision is generally scored Dormancy period Insert and Growth period Insert two types. Cuttings include Grape 、 chinese rose 、 Yellow poplar , cabbage and other plants.^[1]

Chinese name: cuttage propagation
Meaning: Plant reproduction One of the ways

Discipline: botany
Classification: 4 kinds（ Branch cutting 、 Rooting 、 Bud insertion And leaf cuttings)

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▪ stroma
▪ management

Selection of cuttings

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cuttage propagation (5 sheets)

Cuttings are plants from the parent plant. Cuttings from the parent plant are required to have good varieties, healthy growth, no pests and diseases, etc. The aging plants are not suitable for the parent plant. On the same plant, the middle and upper branches with full sunlight shall be selected for cuttings, such as Grape Generally, suitable pitch is selected for cutting branches, Bud head Plump, thick branches. On the same branch, the middle and lower parts of the branch are selected for hard branch cutting because there are more nutrients stored in the middle and lower parts Tip The organization is often not substantial. But the tree is regular conifer , such as Longbai ， cedar And so on, then with terminal bud It is better for the top of trunk Straight, beautiful shape, Heel cutting , cut off the overly delicate top, and Chrysanthemum When cutting, the tender head is used.

Branch cutting

cuttage propagation

Branch cutting It is one of the cutting propagation. It is applicable to the most varieties. All the columnar, whiplash, ribbon and long ball types can cut the branches into small segments of 5~10cm. After the cut is dry, insert them into the substrate. When cutting, pay attention not to invert the top and bottom. Vitaceae Pueraria glauca and compositae Fairy pen The stem is segmented and can be cut by node Cuttings 。 The young balls of spherical species, whether naturally bred or bred after cutting the top of the parent plant, can be taken down for cutting when they grow to a certain size. The sub balls that can be broken off by hand can be cut immediately; Those cut with a knife must be inserted after the wound is dry. The cutting of spherical species should not be buried too deep into the substrate. leaf Succulent plants When the plant shape is too high, the cutting can be cut off leaf axil The sprouts can also be cut.

Leaf cutting

Leaf cuttings are just Succulent flowers Application in. Most of the species that can be used for leaf cutting have thick leaves, but many species have thick leaves, but petiole No adventitious buds can be produced at any part of the leaves. Therefore, only a few families can carry out leaf cutting. The leaves used as cuttings must be removed after they are fully grown.

Leaf cutting is divided into whole leaf cutting and leaf cutting: whole leaf cutting is cutting with complete leaves. Some species are placed flat on the cutting substrate, while others need to place the petiole or Leaf base Shallow buried in the substrate, the leaves can be upright or inclined. The roots of leaves placed in the substrate are mainly windmill Magic knife , thick leaf grass, East American, mottled blue Cornstone And weak green Jingtian, etc. The main types of leaves inserted into the stroma are Shark's Paw Genus and Twelve volumes Class, Diphyllum species, and Eclipta A small number of species belonging to the genera Lianhuazhang and Qingsuolong.

Leaf cutting is to cut leaves into several segments for cutting. as Agave Of Cymbidium Type: The sturdy leaves can be cut into small segments of 7-10 cm, and the lower end can be inserted into the substrate after slightly drying. Jingtianke's magic knife can also cut the leaves into small segments of about 3cm, which can also take root and grow when placed flat on the substrate Sapling 。 Leaf cutting can increase the number of reproduction, but it is not suitable for many species.

Rooting

Cutting propagation site

The applicable species are the least, only the winged palms and Liliaceae Cross section of Twelve volumes 、 Twelve volumes of Maohan Etc. It can be Fleshy root When cut with a sharp knife, most of them are buried in the sand, with the top exposed only 0.5 cm. Sometimes new plants can grow successfully, but the success rate is not high.

Stem cutting

① hardwood cutting : Refers to cutting with mature branches that have been lignified. Fruit trees Garden trees This method is often used for reproduction. Such as grapes pomegranate 、 Fig Etc.

② softwood cutting : Also called green branch cutting. In the current year New shoot It is cuttings, usually 5-10cm long, and the tissue is suitable for aging and moderate maturity (woody species mostly use semi lignified branches). If it is too young, it is easy to rot, and if it is too old, it will take root slowly. A part of leaves must be retained for softwood cutting, and it is difficult to take root if all leaves are removed; For the species with larger leaves, part of the leaves can be cut off to avoid excessive water transpiration. The cut should be close to the lower part of the node, and the cut surface should be smooth. Most plants are suitable for cutting cuttings before cutting, but Succulent plant Be sure to dry the cut for half a day to several days for cutting to prevent rotting. Figs citrus Rhododendron poinsettia 、 crown-of-thorns euphorbia 、 Rubber tree This method can be used for breeding.

③ Bud leaf cutting: the cutting has only one bud and one leaf, and the lower part of the bud has a shield shaped stem, or a small segment of stem, inserted into the sand bed, only exposed Bud tip Then, insert the film on the back cover to prevent excessive evaporation of water. This method should be used for the species whose leaf cuttings are not easy to produce adventitious buds, such as chrysanthemum, hydrangea camellia Flowers, rubber trees, osmanthus Geranium 、 A study on the longevity and fortune of perennial roots Etc.^[2]

Cutting bed and matrix cutting bed

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Cutting beds can be adapted to local conditions Plastic box , fish tank, etc. When this type of container is used as a slotting bed, the lower part should be padded with drainage materials. If there are holes or cracks at the bottom for drainage, less can be placed. Some greenhouses have brick cutting beds, which can be cut with a little finishing. Sometimes, in order to save diseased plants, it is necessary to use a cutting bed with bottom temperature when cutting in any season. The heat source is buried in the substrate with a heating wire or electric holder to make the substrate temperature 3~6 ℃ higher than the air temperature, so that it can take root quickly. Some easily rooting species such as Crassulaceae Of Longevity flower , some cacti are used as stock The type of Plastic greenhouse It is directly inserted into the sand.

stroma

cuttage propagation

Commonly used are River sand 、 Vermiculite 、 perlite , plain sand Husk ash And sawdust, etc. No matter what kind of substrate, it should be clean, uniform and medium in size. Generally, the substrate in the slotting bed should not be paved too thick, otherwise it is not conducive to the increase of substrate temperature and affects rooting. Grafted scion After forming, sometimes it is necessary to take down the rootstock for cutting and rooting. You can use a flower pot slightly larger than the plant for direct single cutting. The specific method is to fill a layer of coarse particles at the bottom of the flowerpot after placing drainage materials Culture soil 。 A layer of fine culture soil is placed in the middle, and a layer of river sand is laid on the top. The plant is shallowly buried in the sand layer, and after taking root, it can quickly extend to the cultivation soil below to absorb nutrients. This can avoid the trouble of transplanting cuttings immediately after they take root, but it is better to turn over the pot and completely replace the cultivated soil for planting after growing for a period of time, because the sand layer above often makes the soil in the pot dry and wet, and it is easy to

management

Seedlings cultivated by cutting propagation

After cutting, management should be strengthened to create good rooting conditions for cuttings. Generally, the rooting of flower cuttings requires that the soil should be moist and well ventilated, and can be covered on cutting pots or borders Glass plate or plastic film Made Hood To maintain temperature and humidity. Put small bricks under the cover to let the air flow in. In summer and early autumn, the cutting basin should be placed in the shade during the day, and in the open at night. When the temperature is not enough in early spring, late autumn and winter, it can be placed in a warm place or greenhouse, but attention must be paid to the adjustment of temperature and humidity. According to cutting Take root quickly and slowly, and gradually strengthen the light. For Milan, honeysuckle wintersweet 、 sweet-scented osmanthus 、 camellia 、 cuckoo 、 Magnolia To promote rooting of cuttings Naphthylacetic acid etc. auxin Besides treatment, some simple and economical methods can also be used.

use potassium permanganate Handle cuttings. Immerse 2cm of the cutting base into 0.1%~0.5% potassium permanganate solution, and soak it for 12~- 24 hours Take it out and cut it immediately.

Cuttage propagation plant (6 sheets)

Treat cuttings with white sugar solution. Use concentration: Herbaceous flower 2%~5%, Woody flower 5%~10%. Immerse 2cm of the base of the cuttings into the above solution, take it out 24 hours later, wash the sugar solution on the outside of the cuttings with clean water, and then cut.

For medical use Vitamin B12 。 Vitamin B12 Injection Dilute with 1 times of cold boiled water cutting Immerse the base into it, take it out about 5 minutes later, hang it for a while until the liquid medicine is sucked in, and then cut it.

Use rooting powder. Soak the base of annual twigs with ABT rooting powder for about 0.5~1 hour, and insert them into the matrix immediately after taking them out. ABT rooting powder is suitable for a large number of flower and tree cuttings, and its rooting effect is better than that of naphthylacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid Indole butyric acid 。

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