Mobile phone screen is also called display screen, which is used to display images and colors.The screen size is calculated according to the diagonal of the screen, usually in inches, referring to the length of the diagonal of the screen.With the gradual popularity of mobile phone color screens, screen materials are becoming more and more important.
The color screens of mobile phones are different due to different LCD quality and R&D technology, and their types are roughlyTFT, TFD, UFB, STN andOLEDSeveral.Generally speaking, the more colors can be displayed, the more complex images can be displayed, and the picture level is richer.
In recent years, with the rapid promotion and popularization of smart phones, the global mobile screen market growth and technological innovation have been accelerated, and the industrial scale has been continuously improved.From the perspective of product composition, the current mobile phone screen is dominated by touch screen, which is mainly composed of cover glass, touch module, display module and other parts. However, with the continuous improvement of the requirements for the thinness and high definition display of mobile phones, as well as the increasingly mature embedded touch technology, the mobile phone screen industry is gradually developing from the traditional single component supply to the integrated module production,The vertical integration trend of the industrial chain is obvious.
Cover plate glass: the outermost protective part of mobile phone screen, its upstreamGlass substrateThe threshold for industrial investment and production technology are high. The market is mainly monopolized by companies such as Corning, Asahi, Electric, and Schott. Domestic manufacturers mainly process and manufacture substrates.
Touch module: a key link to improve the human-computer interaction experience of mobile phones. At present, TDDI (Touch with Display DriverIntegration) integrated with touch IC and panel driven IC is the mainstream solution. At the same time, with the increasingly mature product manufacturing process, the yield rate continues to improve, and the industry has strong profitability.
Display module: mainly divided into LCD and OLED. LCD display module consists of polarizerColor filterLCD, TFT (glass), backlight panel and other components are the most widely used display screens for smart phones at present;OLED display module is mainly composed of polarizer, Encap (glass), organic self luminescent layer, TFT (glass), etc. It has the characteristics of self illumination, simple manufacturing process, low energy consumption, ultra-thin and flexible, and is one of the emerging mainstream display technologies.[1]
classification
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According to the screen material, the current mainstream screens of smart phones can be divided into two categories. One is LCD (Liquid Crystal Display for short), that is, liquid crystal displays, such as TFT and SLCD screens;;The other is OLED (short for Organic Light Emitting Diode), i.e. organic light-emitting diode, such as AMOLED series screens.The most fundamental difference between LCD and OLED is that OLED is self luminous, while LCD needs to be illuminated by a backlight panel to display.
According to the display technology driving mode of the screen, it can be divided into passive matrix and active matrix.The difference between passive matrix and active matrix lies in the current driving mode.When the external current passes through, the arrangement of the liquid crystal will change. After the current stops, if the arrangement of the liquid crystal does not return to the original position (with memory), it is called the active matrix;Once the current disappears, it will return to its original position, and it must be recharged before being arranged, which is called passive matrix.[2]
Development status
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1、Intelligent terminalThe phenomenon of homogenization is serious, and the screen becomes the main breakthrough for innovation
mobile screen
With the rapid development of smart phones, simple hardware upgrading can no longer meet the needs of users, let alone deeply activate the market in the stock competition period, and the products begin to enter the stage of exploring micro innovation.Among them, the screen, as the core component of human-computer interaction, has become an important breakthrough for intelligent terminal products to achieve differentiation.In recent years, the global mobile phone screen industry has made rapid progress, and the market demand has shown a blowout development situation.According to the statistical data of CINNOResearch, the global mobile phone screen shipments in 2016 reached 2.93 billion pieces, of which the touch screen shipments reached 2.11 billion pieces, up 16.4% year on year.
2. The market share of domestic mobile phone screens has increased rapidly, and the market pattern has changed
Restricted by factors such as long industrial chain, high initial investment, long cycle, and high risk, the mobile screen industry has obvious regional clustering, with Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and other countries (regions) as the main players in the early stage.Among them, Japanese manufacturers are mainly committed to the production of LCD displays and their upstream raw materialsOLED displayThe global market share of Japanese display screens has declined due to the market impact of.At the same time, driven by the government and the market, China has vigorously developed LCD/OLED display panels, touch modules and other products, realizing the rapid development of smart terminal screen industry, and has become the region with the largest output of mobile phone screens in the world.
3. The industry concentration keeps improving, and the vertical integration trend of the industrial chain is obvious
At present, the competition in the mobile phone screen market is unprecedentedly fierce, the industry profits continue to decline, some small and medium-sized enterprises have been eliminated one after another under the increasing capital investment and market pressure, while the backbone enterprises have also developed new profit space through capital and business integration, the speed of industry mergers and reorganization has accelerated, and the industry concentration has continued to improve.At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the requirements for the thinness and high definition display of mobile phones, as well as the mature application of embedded touch technology, the trend of touch display integration is increasingly obvious, accelerating the integration of upstream and downstream of the industrial chain.
4. The effect of industrial cluster is beginning to show, and the production capacity is accelerating to spread to the central and western regions
The mobile phone screen industry in China is relatively scattered. In addition to the industrial clusters in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces, it is shipped in 20 provinces and cities across the country.Among them, Guangdong Province has gathered a large number of mobile phone screen backbone enterprises, such as OphiLight, InterOptronics, and Shenyue Optronics. The shipment volume accounts for about 70% of the national total, and the industrial cluster has obvious advantages.However, with the continuous migration of complete machine manufacturing to inland areas in recent years, mobile phone screen manufacturers such as OphiLight and Zhicheng Optics have accelerated their distribution in the central and western regions, and the shipments in Jiangxi, Anhui and other places have shown an upward trend.
5. The key links of the industrial chain are weak, and the industry needs to be upgraded to improve quality and efficiency
From the perspective of the layout of the mobile phone screen industry chain, China's mobile phone screen industry is dominated by module packaging. Local enterprises are relatively scarce in advanced glass substrates, high-performance liquid crystals, target materials and other upstream key materials. The localization rate of key equipment such as steam plating, film forming and laser annealing also needs to be improved.At the same time, in addition to some key enterprises accelerating the layout of on/in cell, AMOLED and other advanced technologies, most manufacturers still focus on traditional touch screens, with a small market share of high-end value products.According to IHS Markit statistics, China AMOLED intelligence in the third quarter of 2016Mobile phone displayThe shipment volume is 1 million pieces, accounting for only about 1% of the global market share.[1]
Innovation trend
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1. Embedded touch technology
With the gradual improvement of users' requirements for the visual effect of mobile phone screens and the continuous extension of the product lines of touch and display companies, the development trend of full fit touch display integration is obvious. Touch manufacturers such as Chenhong, Shenghua, Dahong, etc. actively layout OGS, while leading enterprises such as LG, Samsung, Sharp, etc. accelerate the application of on/in cell technology.Among them, the in cell bonding technology is difficult to process and relatively expensive. It is still mainly used in high-end models. However, with the bottleneck of traditional OGS, on cell screen technology and production efficiency, the in cell technology will be increasingly favored by mobile phone manufacturers, and the market is expected to be further expanded in the future.[1]
2. OLED display technology
OLED is the successor to CRT（crt）After FPD (Flat Panel Display) and FPD (Flat Panel Display), the most promising new display technology has the advantages of ultra-thin, high brightness, large viewing angle, low power consumption, high definition, and flexibility, which can effectively meet consumers' new needs for products with wide viewing angle, thinness, softness, and high color saturation, of which AMOLED is the most widely used.At present, Samsung, Jinli, ZTE and other brand manufacturers have releasedAMOLED screenIn the future, with the realization of mass production of domestic AMOLED screens, it will accelerate the popularization of AMOLED screens.[1]
3. 3D glass
3D glass adopts arc design, which meets the requirements of ergonomics, and is characterized by strong heat dissipation, good elasticity, and non friability. In particular, 3D glass is used as the mobile phone backplane, which can effectively solve the problem of shielding radio signals from traditional metal mobile phone cases, thus providing the possibility for wireless charging and the application of high bandwidth, high-speed next-generation mobile communication technology,In recent years, it has been widely concerned by mobile phone manufacturers.At present, many high-end models, such as GALAXY S6edge, GALAXY S7, vivoXplay5, have been equipped with 3D glass covers. Huawei, OPPO and other brand manufacturers have plans to carry out 3D glass applications. 3D glass may usher in a period of rapid development in the future.[1]
4. Application of sapphire materials
Sapphire material has high hardness and dielectric constant. The glass cover plate made of sapphire has the characteristics of good thermal conductivity, scratch resistance, sensitive fingerprint identification, and beautiful appearance.At present, Lansi Technology, Zhaoyuan and other companies have achieved mass production of sapphire mobile phone covers, which are widely used in smart phoneswearable devices Huawei P7, vivoX5LJin Litianjian W808Such flagship models have adopted sapphire screens.In the future, with the increasingly mature manufacturing process of sapphire, the production cost will continue to decline, and the popularization of sapphire screens will accelerate.[1]
Classification Introduction
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TFT screen
mobile screen
TFT (Thin Film Transistor), which belongs toActive matrixOne of the liquid crystal displays.It can "actively" control each independent pixel on the screen, which can greatly improve the response time.Generally, TFT has a fast response time of about 80 milliseconds and a large visual angle, which can reach about 130 degrees. It is mainly used in high-end products.The so-called thin-film field effect transistor means that every liquid crystal pixel on the liquid crystal display is driven by the thin-film transistor integrated behind it.Thus, screen information can be displayed at high speed, high brightness and high contrast.TFT is an active matrix liquid crystal display, which is technically driven by "active matrix". The method is to use the transistor electrode made by film technology to "actively pull" to control the opening and closing of any display point by scanning. When the light source is illuminated, it first passes up through the lower polarizing plate, and transmits light through the liquid crystal molecule,The purpose of display is achieved by shading and transmitting light.[3]
TFD screen
TFD (Thin Film Diode) screen, also known as thin film diode semi transparentLCD。TFD technology, developed by Seiko and Epson, is specially used on mobile phone screens.It is a compromise between TFT and STN, which is better than STN in brightness and color saturation, and also saves power than TFT.The biggest feature is that it can provide a display with high image quality and easy viewing, and has the advantages of low power consumption, high image quality and high reaction speed, whether the backlight is turned off (reflection mode) or turned on (transmission mode).[3]
UFB screen
UFB LCD is a new type of mobile phone released by Samsung in March 2002LCD display device, featuring ultra-thin and high brightness.UFB-LCD is a display screen specially designed for mobile phones and PADs. It has the characteristics of ultra-thin, high brightness, and can display 65536 colors, reaching a resolution of 128x160. The display screen also uses a special raster design, which can reduce the pixel spacing to obtain better image quality.UFB LCDIts contrast is twice as high as that of STN LCD. Its brightness is about the same as that of TFT display in 65536 colors, but its power consumption is less than that of TFT display, and its price is about the same as that of STN display. It can be said that it combines the advantages of these two existing products.[3]
OLED screen
OLED (Organic Light Emitting Display)OLED, which is a new product on mobile phone LCD and is known as "Dream Display".OLED display technology is different from the traditional LCD display mode. It does not need backlight. It uses very thin organic material coating and glass substrate. When there is current, these organic materials will emit light.Moreover, OLED display screens can be made lighter and thinner, with a larger viewing angle, and can significantly save power consumption.In 2021, OLED mobile phone screen has gradually become the standard configuration of smart phones, accounting for more than 40%.[4]
