Comet discovered by Vitaly Nevsky of Vitebsk in 2012
synonymComet ISON(Comet ISON) generally refers to ISON comet
Comet ISON (C/2012 S1, "Comet Essen" translated by Lu, "Comet Essen" translated by Taiwan, "Comet Essen" called by Hong Kong as "Comet of Optical Science Network"), a sun grazing comet, was found on September 21, 2012 by Vitaly Nevsky (ВиталийНевски) of Vitebsk, Belarus, and Altham Novichenok (АртмНовичонок) of Khondopoga, Oros.[1]
Comet ISON (C/2012 S1, "Comet Essen" translated by Lu, "Comet Essen" translated by Taiwan, "Comet Essen" called by Hong Kong as "Comet of Optical Science Network"), a sun grazing comet, was found on September 21, 2012 by Vitaly Nevsky (ВиталийНевски) of Vitebsk, Belarus, and Altham Novichenok (АртмНовичонок) of Khondopoga, Oros.This discovery was found using the International Scientific Optical Network (Essen ISON for short) 0.4-m (16 inch) Russian reflector near Kizlowotsk, using the automatic asteroid discovery program CoLiTec.Later, the video before discovery was found in the Lemon Mountain survey data on December 28, 2011 and the Pan STARRS survey data on January 28, 2012. On September 22, the subsequent observation was carried out by the Remanzacco Observatory in Italy using the iTelescope network.The asteroid center announced the discovery on September 24.According to the observation of Swift Gamma Ray Burst Mission (SWIFT), the diameter of the comet nucleus is estimated to be about 5 kilometers (3.1 miles). The original media reported that the comet had disintegrated due to the high temperature of the sun when it passed the perihelion, ending its 5.5 million year journey to the inner side of the solar system.SOHO satellite still observed the presence of cometary nuclei two hours after Eisen passed the perihelion.Even the comet tail grows again gradually.However, as the "suspected comet nucleus" gradually moved away, the cloud of dust gradually faded away and left the observation range of SOHO.NASA estimates that there is a 90% probability that Essen has been completely destroyed, leaving debris with a diameter of less than 10 meters;About 10% probability can have more than 100 meters of debris for further research.NASA and ESA have started to find the track of Essen through various satellites. The Hubble Telescope will also observe the originally speculated orbit of Essen's comet at the end of December, and further confirm the fate of the comet.[2]
Track operation
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Operating point
C/2012 S1 will pass the perihelion (the position closest to the sun) on November 28, 2013 at a distance of 0.012 AU (1800000 km; 1100000 mi) from the sun center[3-4]The radius of the sun is 695500 km (432200 mi), so C/2012 S1 will sweep 1100000 km (680000 mi) from the sun's surface.Its approximate parabolic orbit indicates that it is a fresh comet from the Oort Cloud in dynamics. Preliminary calculations also show that it will approach Mars and Earth on its path into the inner solar system. On October 1, 2013, it will approach Mars to a distance of about 0.0724 AU (10830000 km; 6730000 mi), and on December 26, 2013, it will approach Mars to a distance of about 0.429 AU (64200000 km; 39900000 mi)The distance across the earth.[4]Within a short time after discovery, it was noticed that the orbital elements of C/2012 S1 were similar to those of the Great Comet of 1680, suggesting that these two comets might be fragments from the same parent body.
visibility
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When astronomers discovered comet ISON, its apparent magnitude was 18.8,Comet diameter is 8"At this time, its orbit is still outside Jupiter. It is estimated that its brightness between November 2013 and January 2014 will be visible to the naked eye, and its apparent magnitude may enter a negative value around November 2013. The program of the International Asteroid Center predicts that its maximum brightness will reach - 14, surpassing the full moon of - 10 Ikeya Guan and - 12.74, which has been observed by humans since 1935The brightest comet (there was a relatively uniform definition after 1935, even before 1935, it was difficult to see such a bright comet).[5]
C/2012 S1 was found with an apparent magnitude of 18.8, which is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. However, it can be observed by large telescopes and amateur astronomers for photographic observation. According to the pattern of most comets, astronomers expect that its brightness will gradually increase when it approaches the sun, and decline when it turns around and returns to the outer solar system.
