Frederick IX[1], full name: Christian Frederick Franz Michael Karl Waldmar George;Christian Frederik Franz Michael Carl Valdemar Georg[2]；March 11, 1899 - January 14, 1972[2]）It was between 1947 and 1972King of Denmark[2]。
Frederick is a member of the Gruxburg family. He isKing of DenmarkChristian X And Mecklenburg ShiweilinAlexandrine AugusteThe eldest son of the duchess[1]。When his father succeeded to the Danish throne in 1912, Frederick became the crown prince of Denmark[2]。Frederick was educated at the Royal Danish Naval Academy when he was young[1]。In 1935, Frederick andSwedenPrincess Ingrid of[1][3]。Between 1942 and 1943, Frederick becameDenmarkRegent of[1]。
In early 1947, Frederick succeeded to the Danish throne[2]。During Frederick's reign,DenmarkFree from the shackles of agricultural society and develop into a welfare state[1]。Moreover, women began to enter the labor market due to the economic boom in Denmark in the 1960s[1]。Frederick IX died on January 14, 1972, his eldest daughterMargrethe II Inherited the Danish throne[4]。
Chinese name
Christian Frederick Franz Michael Karl Waldmar George
Foreign name
Christian Frederik Franz Michael Carl Valdemar Georg[2]
Frederick has only one younger brother, Prince Knuds, who was born one year after his birth.The family lives inCopenhagenOfAmalienborg Palace , the Sozinfri Palace near the capital and theJutland PeninsulaOfAarhusIn the Masaresburg Palace, the summer vacation palace of the Danish people, the Masaresburg Palace was a wedding gift from Frederick's parents when they got married in 1898.In 1914, the king was also inJutland PeninsulaSkarn in the north built a villa.
early years
Frederick, 1920
On January 29, 1906,King of DenmarkChristian IX After his death, Frederick's grandfather, Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark, succeeded to the throne and was calledFrederick VIII 。[6]Frederick's father became the Crown Prince of Denmark, which also made Frederick's succession to the throne rise to the second place.
Six years later, on May 14, 1912, Frederick VIII died[6]。Frederick's father inherited the Danish throne, known asChristian X Frederick himself became the Crown Prince of Denmark[7]。On December 1, 1918, the Danish Icelandic Union Act stipulated that Iceland was a completeSovereign stateFormed with Denmark by having a common monarch with DenmarkJunheTherefore, Frederick also became the Crown Prince of Iceland (in Iceland, his name is officially spelled "Fri ð rik").However, on June 17, 1944, with the establishment of the referendumRepublic of IcelandHe never succeeded to the Icelandic throne.
Frederick at the Royal Danish Naval Academy andUniversity of CopenhagenTo receive education[1]。Before he became king, he had already obtained the rank of Rear Admiral[5]。Frederick likes traveling and sailing, so he is also called the "Sailor King"[5]When he was young, he traveled around the world and visited Shanghai and Nanjing in China in 1930.During his service in the navy, he also tattooed himself with many tattoos, including two Chinese dragons, which are said to be tattooed in Japan.In addition, because of his extreme love for music, King is an excellent pianist and conductor, who once conducted the Copenhagen Symphony Orchestra excellently[1]。
marriage
Newly engaged Frederick and Ingrid, 1935
In 1922, Frederick was engaged to his second cousin, Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark.They finally didn't marry, although the official saying is that Princess Olga can't adapt fromThe Orthodox ChurchConversionLutheran But in fact, it was because Frederick drifted overseas all the year round and infected the habits of many sailors that Princess Olga did not like his lifestyle.
The King's Family
Wife Princess Ingrid of Sweden
Frederick IX of Denmark
In 1935, the newlyweds arrived in Copenhagen
On March 15, 1935, just after his 36th birthday, Frederick andSwedenPrince Gustav Adolf ofKing of SwedenGustav VI）The daughter of Princess Margaret of Connaught, Swedeningrid of sweden be engaged[3]。They are closely related by bloodKing of SwedenOscar I They are not only the third cousin but also the third representative brother and sister from the perspective of Lord Baden Leopold.From the Russian EmperorPaul I In all, Frederick is Ingrid's mother Princess Margaret's fourth cousin[3]。On May 24, 1935, Prince Frederick and Princess IngridStockholm Cathedralmarry[1][3]。Their wedding was one of the most important news events in Sweden in 1935. The guests attending their wedding included the King of DenmarkChristian X ；Queen of Denmark, Mecklenburg SchweilinAlexandrine AugusteDuchess;King of Belgium King Leopold III ；Queen of Belgium, Princess Astrid of Sweden;Crown Prince Olaf of Norway (the future king of NorwayOlaf V）And the Crown Princess of Norway, Princess Martha of Sweden.After they return to Denmark, the couple willCopenhagenOfAmalienborg Palace As their main residence.And willSouth Jutland County The Glavinstein Palace is their summer resort.
The King and his wife
rule
Frederick is frugal, generous and amiable[1]。In October 1942, Frederick's father, Christian X, fell off his horse and was unable to handle government affairs for the time being[7]Therefore, from 1942 to 1943, Frederick became the Regent of Denmark.On April 20, 1947, Christian X died and Frederick succeeded to the Danish throne[7]。He ischristiansborg palace Prime Minister Knudz Christensen declared himself king on his balcony.
Frederick VII and Queen Ingrid
During the reign of Frederick IX, Danish society underwent major changes[5]。Over the years, Denmark has got rid ofagricultural societyAnd developed into awelfare state。[5]In addition, as Denmark's economy took off in the 1960s, women began to enter the labor market and the country began to modernize[5]。At the same time, it also means that the position of the royal family must be changed[5]。With the support of the Queen, Frederick IX changed the image of the royal family from the highest level of society to a family symbolizing the country[1]。In 1948, during the first year of the king's rule,Faroe IslandsObtained local autonomy and became an autonomous country within Danish territory[8]。The Congress was also changed toUnicameral system。[5]
Since Frederick IX and Queen Ingrid had no sons, it was expected that Frederick IX's younger brother Prince Knuds would inherit the throne in accordance with the Danish Succession Act (Royal Decree 1853)[4]。However, in 1953, Denmark passed a new law on succession to the throne, which changed the original way of succession to the long inheritance system[4]。This means that although he has no son, his daughters can also inherit the throne[4]。Therefore, his eldest daughter Margaret became the presumed heir to the throne[4]。
Death
The tomb of Frederick IX next to Roskilde Cathedral
On the New Year's Day in 1972, Frederick IX fell ill soon after he made a New Year's speech to the people, and he developed flu like symptoms[5]。After several days of cultivation, Frederick suddenly stopped his heart beat and was sent to the municipal hospital on January 3.Frederick's health improved for a short time. However, on January 11, the king's condition began to deteriorate and he died three days later at 7:50 p.m. on January 14 surrounded by his family and friends[9]。
After the king died, his coffin was sent toAmalienborg Palace Parking, and it was moved tochristiansborg palace Chapel[10]。Before the king was buried, his coffin was placed in Christianburg Palace for six days for public worship[10]。Frederick's funeral was held on January 24, 1972, and he was buried inRoskilde Cathedral。
Commemorative statue, Copenhagen[11]
children
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Frederick IX had three daughters with Swedish Princess Ingrid[1]：
Margrethe II (Full name: Margaret Alexandrine Tolhold Ingrid[4]；April 16, 1940[4]）June 10, 1967 andPrince HenrikMarry, have offspring[4]。
Princess Needett (full name: Needett Astrid Ingelberg Ingrid[11]；April 29, 1944[11]）On February 3, 1968, he married the sixth generation Prince Richard of Sain Wittgenstein Beleborg, and had offspring[11]。
Princess Anne Marie (full name: Anne Marie Dagmar Ingrid[12]；August 30, 1946[12]）September 18, 1964 and the Greek KingConstantine IIMarry, have offspring[12]。
title
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March 11, 1899 - May 14, 2012: His Royal Highness Prince Frederick of Denmark（His Royal HighnessPrince Frederick of Denmark）
May 14, 1912 - December 1, 2018: His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Denmark（His Royal HighnessThe Crown Prince of Denmark）
December 1, 1918 - June 17, 1944[13]: His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Denmark and Iceland（His Royal HighnessThe Crown Prince of Denmark and Iceland）[13]
June 17, 1944 - April 20, 1947: His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Denmark（His Royal HighnessThe Crown Prince of Denmark）
April 20, 1947 - January 14, 1972: His Majesty the King of Denmark（His MajestyThe King of Denmark）
