In the Internet era, the website services are encapsulated into a series of computer recognizabledata interface Open for third-party developers. This behavior is called Open API. The platform that provides open API is called open platform itself.
In the Internet era, the service of the website is encapsulated into a series of data interfaces that are easily recognized by computers and opened for use by third-party developers. This behavior is called Open API. The platform that provides open APIs is called Open Platform itself.Through the open platform, websites can not only provide simple access to Web pages, but also conduct complex data interaction, and transform their Web sites into equivalent operating systemsDevelopment platform。Third party developers can develop rich and colorful applications based on these existing and open Web sites.
Open platform has two meanings.
The first is technical openness, such asBaidu、tencent、AlibabaEtc., e.gAliStandardized application software can be provided, but millions of sellers of all kinds can not meet the personalized requirements of software with the strength of one company, so it is a way to open these requirements to a large number of third-party developers.Another example is Google'sLinuxOpen source of the platformMobile phone operating systemIs thought to defeat Nokia soonSaipan system。This technical open platform is similar toB2CThe enterprise's open platform has little relationship, but it can also indicate that the open platform isInternet enterprisesTrend.
The second kind of open platform refers tosoftware systemBy disclosing itsApplication Programming Interface(API) or function to enable external programs to add the softwareFunctions of the systemOr use the resources of the software system without changing thesource code。B2C enterprise open platform includes two forms: A:Taobao Mall, JapanLotteThis pure platform mode, that is, the merchants in residence do all the business without touching the purchase, sale and storage of goods;B: United StatesAmazon、Dangdang、Jingdong MallThis "self operation+joint operation" mode.
classification
Among many open platforms, open platforms are also divided into two categories according to the different subjects they serve. One is the centralized open platformFacebook, Baidu and other open platforms. The API provided by the platform is mainly to provide application development interfaces for its own website, and the applications connected with it are only for its own website;The other is distributed open platformGoogleProposedOpen standardsIn China, Manyou is the representative. After providing a standard API, such platforms can push multiple applications on the platform to all websites supporting the standard.
development history
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FacebookMany people have seen the strong attraction of the open platform.Google、MicrosoftAnd other Internet giants began to launch their own open platform strategy to catch up with the new trend of Internet development.These actions undoubtedly touched the sensitive nerves of domestic Internet companies and began to build their own application platforms.In 2010, Sinamicro-blog, Baidugrand、Kaixin.comTencent, Tencent, etc. have successively tried to open some APIs in the Internet field, striving to create an image of an open platform for themselves among netizens.Media commentsIn 2011, the domestic open platform will enter an "outbreak period".
When the whole world is thinking about how to build on the open platformClippersWhen,micro-blog"Ancestor"TwitterBut they did the opposite.It is reported that Twitter has stopped approving applications via API (applicationProgramming interface）Access a large amount of data, and announce to developers that applications will "no longer be able to access data through API at will", while previous applications can "continue to access data at will".
The industry believes that Twitter's move is likely to ease the pressure caused by too many users of the platform by controlling the rapidly growing API, or hope to change itbusiness model, charging API on its own open platform.
TwitterThe "reverse growth" of the Internet website has made a good note for the rise of the Internet website open platform.Since Facebook became popular because of its full play on open platforms, Internet companies around the world are almost crazy about open platforms.2011[3]Facebook has not only become a company with a market value of about 50 billion dollarssocial networksThe giant is still running at an unbelievable speed.CitibankanalystThink that Facebook's annual revenueGrowth rateMore than 100%. Recently, Facebook also announced in a high profile that it may move into its new headquarters in the middle of 2011 due to its amazing expansion speed.
Soon after,GoogleAlso announced the opening of their ownSocial applicationsplatformOpenSocial, which touched Microsoft's nerves.In September 2005, Microsoft launched its "Web Platform" strategy, which includes opening the APIs of some public Web sites, such as MSNSearch, and publishing betterdevelopment toolAnd other measures.This has also made the tide of openness surging, and a series of websites such as Flickr and Youtube have followed suit, providing APIs for their own services for third-party developers.For a time, "open platform" has become one of the most popular keywords in the global Internet.
China's Internet industry is also experiencing a similar process in the growth of open platforms.After Facebook, ManyouRenrenAnd 51.com have also released their own open platforms.In 2010, Baidu announced at its Open Platform Conference that it would open API;Sina Weibo also took the lead in opening its own platform.On December 17 of the same year, Tencent announced the opening of microblogQQ Zone、TenpayAfter that, the API was announced to be openQQ group purchasePlatform.[1]
In May 2008, Renren launched the API open platformBetaAnd officially opened in July of the same year.Ruiyitong andOdd moment interaction, are two APP developers who entered the Renren open platform earlier.After logging into Renren in 2009, the main game of Ruiyitong, Bubble Fish, was sought after by many netizens and has become increasingly popular.At present, Ruiyitong has about 7 million users on RenrenActive UsersMore than 700000, and the daily active users are more than 250000.Qiju Interaction has also made great achievements through the use of Renren's open platform.In August 2008, its games "New Cohabitation Era", "Pet Embrace" and "I'm a Big Landlord" were successively logged on Renren. In May and September 2009, they were launched again《Primitive People Are Crazy II》、《Happiness Kitchen》And other games.All the games operated by Qiju Interactive on Renren have about 5 million users.
Hou Rui, CEO of Ruiyitong, said in an interview, "For developers, it is more important to see whether the open platform can provide more mature support for application developers on related interfaces.According to our experience in cooperation with other platforms, even if the platform is friendly enough, we have enough willingness to open it, but sometimes we don't know how to implement it because of lack of experience, or in the selection of open interfaces, andtechnical supportNot very good in terms of quality, so whether the platform has rich experience is very important.Renren is the earliest open platform in China. It has a better understanding of what developers need and a better understanding of cooperation.
Mainstream platform
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As Facebook became popular through the open platform, major Internet companies around the world began to launch their own open platform strategies, and the prospects of open platforms at home and abroad are promising.
For users, as long as they enter service requirements in the "box", the system can accurately identify them, allocate them to the optimal content provider, and finally return the most accurate results to users.This intelligent Internet demandInteraction mode, and a simple and reliable implementation mechanism, called "box computing".
Can directly submit structured data toBaidu SearchIn the engine, more powerful and rich applications are realized, so that users can get better
And get more valuable traffic.
Baidu Connect Open Platformbe based onOAuth2.0The authorization agreement has opened Baidu's account system, friend relationship chain and core data interfaces of related product lines to all third parties.Through this platform, all third-party websites only need toBaidu accountYou can log on to its website, andBaidu ApplicationDevelopers of the open platform can also access Baidu login users' basic information, friendship and other data in their IFrame applications.already existingSohu Weibo、QiYi 、www.lashou.com 、Yesky Etc.On the morning of July 25, 2011, Baidu Connect Open Platform was released on Baidu developer platform.
Weibo open platformIt is an open information subscription, sharing and exchange platform based on Sina Weibo system.The microblog open platform provides you with microblog informationfansRelationship, and information fission at any time and anywhereCommunication channels。
As long as developers or websites log in to the platform website and create applications, they can read and write the microblog system through the platform open interface (Open API), and explore new functions and new ways of playing the microblog system.
After simple code integration and placing a microblog login button on your website, your website users can log in using their microblog account.The website can obtain the current user'suser name, avatar image, current user's fans and followers list.You can integrate existingUser accountThe system may be directly replaced by the account system of microblog to help you increase the number of users registered on the website and improve the website access data.
useOAuthThe authorization mechanism of the website is developed, and the function of "connecting with Sina Weibo" is added to the prominent position of the website, so that users and can directly click and log in.
Sharing and dynamic:
The existing user communication system of Sina Weibo is very complete, and viral communication is brought by a large amount of information sharing between friends.The platform provides sharing buttons and dynamic presentation plug-ins, so that you can use only a few lines of HTML code toYour websiteAdd social features on.The shared content will also be displayed on the microblog website, and users can directly access the relevant content after clicking the link.We also provide a large number of API interfaces to help you implement more features.
The open platform of Kaixin is divided intoSocial GamesClass components and utility class components encourage users to build a social integrated network with Kaixin001.
At this stage, the open platform of Kaixin mainly provides the following services: OpenID, open API, social updates release, component lab, post parts, fan tribe.
As long as users put their products into the component lab and the operating data meets the standards set by Kaixin.com, they can officially upgrade to third-party components for more than 90 million Kaixin.com users to try and use.
RenrenRenren Open Platform is an open platform for developers and the largest SNS open platform in China.Rich APIsSohu BlogSohu OpenWidget, hereinafter referred to as SOW)SohuWidget standards launched by the company based on UWA (Universal Widget API) specification and applied to multiple platforms.
tencentTenpay Open PlatformIt is China's leading third-party onlinepayment platform A new application platform created by Tenpay, through which third-party developers can applyQQWallet and other channels, 100 million yuanTenpay userAnd even 1 billion QQ users.The application on the open platform is developed by Tenpay or a third-party developer, which can provide users with independent and complete e-commerce servicesapplication program。
Tencent community open platform is based on QQ space and friend community（QQ alumni）Open platform of two social networks.
WebQQ open platform is the first Tencent application platform with application as the core.Developers can build the most fashionable applications in your heart through open interfaces!Share with hundreds of millions of people!Here, every application of every developer will have an equal opportunity to share millions of Tencent users, and all types of applications can be targeted here!Applications on WebQQ open platform refer to those developed by WebQQ or third-party developers, which can provide users with useful and trendy applications.Users can click to enter from WebQQApplication market, see all applications.
According to the official video provided by Tencent, the function provided by Qplus is to run some widgets made by Tencent directly on the desktop, which will help360 Desktop,, and previousFish table topWidgets such as shows and even Adobe Air have potential impacts.
In the demonstration video, users can switch to the "Q+" desktop to replace the Windows desktop, and use Widgets to replace Windows programs. The "operating system" built by Tencent backdoor is taking shape.
video displayTencent is likely to bundle this function into QQ client.If the previous WebQQ is an attempt of Tencent, with the bundling of QQ clients and closer integration with the system, Tencent's new strategy will have a more mandatory impact on QQ users.
According to the official introduction, "Q+" is a Windows based systemOpenThe application platform will take over the original Windows desktop when the user switches to "Q+" with one click.Through it, users can easily enter the rich and colorful world of the Internet and enjoyThird party applicationsRich Internet applications provided by the company.
First LookQ+WebQQ and other desktop software（360 Desktop) are similar, but at present, Q+seems to have more ambitious ambitions.It is understood that,"Tencent will try to provide core functional components such as content sharing, file transmission, voice and video to third-party applications through Q+in the form of API interface, which can be called by third-party applications through this platform to implant these users' most used and favorite core functions into innovative applications, so as to directly serve more than 647 million QQ users and create greater value"。Once this form of cooperation is on track, it means that the number of applications on the Q+platform will not be a problem, whether it is microblogging, online videoInstant communicationThese popular applications are still other Internet applications, which only need a Q+platform to achieve.
Imagine that if Tencent integrates Q+into the QQ client or connects with WebQQ (I believe this possibility will be quite high), QQ users will naturally become users of the Q+platform, almost without additionalUsage costIt will be easier to accept.If Tencent can further make full use ofcloud computing, set the user'sQ+DesktopSynchronizing to the server can greatly reduce the dependence on the operating system.This also means that wherever you go in the future, as long as you have a computer that can access the Internet, it will be almost the same as your own computer after logging into the Q+platform.
Tencent WebOS?Yes, the launch of Q+platform has shown us the basic prototype of Tencent WebOS. From its move to open the platform API interface, we can guess the long-term goal of Q+.Although it still needs to rely on the Windows platform, who knows if it will develop into a Tencent OS with complete hardware+basic UI interface+Web application like Chrome OS in the future?
See Q+platform entry for more information.
Taobao Open PlatformThe project is directed by Taobao (China) Software Co., LtdThird party applicationsDeveloper, providing API interface and relateddevelopment environment Open platform.Software developers can obtain Taobao user information through Taobao API (seller and seller user information, privateInformation needsAuthorization), TaobaoProduct information(Name, category, model, introduction and other information of more than 100 million Taobao commodities), Taobao commodity category information (Taobao commodity index and classification details)taobao shop Information (full Taobao store information), Taobao transaction details (query the details of each transaction with the user's authorization), TaobaoCommodity management(Taobao commodity upload, edit, modify and other interfaces), and establish corresponding e-commerce applications.At the same time, it serves as the cooperation platform for the TOP project of Taobao open platform——Alibaba SoftwareThe platform also plays an important role in it. It will provide developers with a complete set of additional services of Taobao API:testing environment、Technical Consultation, product launchversion management , charging strategy, marketing, product evaluation, etc.
three hundred and sixtywebThe application open platform, based on 360 user resources and a powerful client platform, is one of the important open channels of 360's open platform strategy. It is committed to building truly open, stable and benign applications with Internet colleagues and third-party developersEcological industry chain。360 web application open platform is designed to improve theOriginal powerTo provide third-party developers with an application revenue model that can be widely participated in.
YYYY Open Platform isYY voiceThe most important part of business expansion is to provide technical and operational support for various developerscommon developmentTo create a more valuable online interactive world for developers and YY users.Play more YY Open Platform is a business platform based on various kinds of trade union organization entertainment, group interaction, games, making friends, competitions and activities of YY channel, providing various raw materials for external partners to participate in serving YY users, such as API, account systemData channel、data securityEtc.For external partners to develop applications and access.YY open platform is an important open channel for YY basic services. Through joint efforts with partners, YY users will be provided with a more distinctive online interactive platform focusing on online voice.Platform features
GroupThe distribution of platform users is in the form of labor union, and user participation is in the form ofLarge groupsTo participate in application scenarios.Users are more organized.
Real timeWhile YY open platform has the asynchronous transmission (interaction) characteristics of other open platforms, users based on labor unions have a high degree of real-time characteristics, and user interaction behavior tends to be more inclined toReal time interactionCan make the interaction scene more coherent and smooth, and the application is more viscous to users in the real-time interaction scene.
Voice, videoYY open platform can provide the most convenientVoice interactionWith the powerful YY voice function, application developers can give play to countless imaginations and create highly attractive applications.
Organization, operationYY open platform provides more operational support for developers. The president of each trade union participates in the operation and promotion of the application, and YY's unique host status in the world helps maintain order and create an atmosphere.Each application will have its own official short channel ID after reaching certain conditions, so that loyal users can better communicate and help the application better organize various types of promotional activities.
characteristic
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Access mode yy open platform is quite different from the previous web type open platform. yy open platform is an open platform of client type, which can merge web type applications and client type applications, and support web, independent processwindowsDynamic LibraryDll three types of applications;Applications running on yy open platform are directly loaded and run on yy voice client, which can be understood as being loaded and run together with yy voice. All applications in yy do not need to do login verification again, and yy voice has completed login verification.[2]
