Feather snake god

Deities widely believed in Central American civilization
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synonym Kukulkan (Mayan myths and legends) generally refers to the feather snake god (a god widely believed in Central American civilization)
Feather snake god Navartel ∶Ketsalkoatl, Spanish : - Quetzalc ó atl -, English: - Quetzalcoatl, featured snake, stuffed serpent -) Central America The deity widely believed in civilization is generally depicted as a snake with feathers.
First seen in Olmec Civilization , later called Ketsalkoatl by Aztecs, Maya People call it Kukulkan (Kukulcan)。
Disgusted of the ritual of living sacrifice and blood sacrifice, he once held the position of the sun god.
Chinese name
Kukurkan, Quezalkyatre
Foreign name
kukulcan
Quetzalcohuātl
Alias
Feather snake god
Mythological system
Mayan mythology, Aztec mythology
Chief
Manager's life, harvest, culture, wind and rain
Symbol
Sowing, harvesting and bumper harvest
Character
Irritable
Appearance
The most gorgeous feather coat is very beautiful

Chief

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Feather snake god
The name of the feather snake god is kukulcan Maya In people's mind, it brings the rainy season, a god related to sowing, harvesting and grain harvest. In fact, it is a Imported goods , is on Toltec (Toltec) The northern gods brought by the people when they ruled the Mayan city. The Central American peoples generally believe in this feather snake god.
According to the legend, the feather snake god ruled the morning star, invented books and legislation, and brought corn to human beings. The feather snake god also represents death and rebirth, and is the protection god of the priests.
The Feather Snake God is here Mayan Culture The position in can be observed in many ways. Classical period , held by Maya "real people" wand , one end is delicate, and the middle is villain Leg become Snake body The other end is a snake head. In the post classical period, there were many kinds of deformation, but the basic shape changed completely, becoming the image of the feather snake god with the upper feather fan shape and the middle snake body and the lower snake head.
The feather snake god comes with the rainy season. The rainy season coincides with the time when Mayans planted corn. Therefore, the Feather Snake God has become the most revered god of Mayan farmers, and is in the largest Mayan ancient city, Qicen Yiza, which remains today. There is one named after the feather snake god Kukulkan Pyramid Two on the north side of the pyramid Bottom corner It is carved with two snake heads. On the spring and autumn equinoxes every year, when the sun goes down, you can see the shadow of the snake's head on the ground and many triangle It is linked together to become a dynamic Wind Serpent It symbolizes that these two days It is said that only in these two days can the feather snake god come and rise. Therefore, it has become a famous tourist attraction in Mexico. In those days, Maya people could accurately grasp the Agricultural time At the same time, we also accurately grasp the opportunity to worship the Feather Snake God.
There are hundreds or even thousands of different myths about the feather snake god. It is called the corn (grain) supplier, and the pictures clearly show that it can control rainfall to provide water, leading some people to believe that the feather snake god is the god of plants. Aztec people also believe that the feather snake god can turn people into soldiers with tall crowns and jade pendants on their heads. It is said that the pendant of the representative plays another role as the god of wind and sports. The American Group is the only community dedicated to the Feather Snake God.

origin

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The image of the feather snake god can also be found in Mayan ruins See the famous Bonaparte Painting Hall and other places.
Feather snake god
The Feather Snake God is here Mexico The myth of is the most respected symbol. Its name comes from the Nava word "quetzalli", which means green feathers; "Coat l" means snake. The emergence of such highly valued idols is a Gerchard Its head and tail are combined with the snake's body and covered with feathers.
stay Central America In history, many different groups worshipped the feather snake god, but its exact origin is unknown. The Aztecs have always regarded the feather snake god as the core image of their temples, but this god existed long before the Aztecs appeared. Many people think that in Mexico Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan The feather snake god is regarded as the religious symbol of the first culture. Even today, people can still find the image of snake in the area, which is an ancient temple and other buildings.

Legends

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In the Feather Snake God Kukulkan During the reign of secular gods, people were rich in all kinds of products they needed for life. Maize God, Flower God, Rain God, Water God and other gods help people to cultivate and harvest corn, gourd As thick as a person's arm, cotton of all colors grows by itself, and does not need people to dye it. Various plump birds fly and sing in the sky. Gold, silver and precious stones are abundant. Kukulkan makes the world peaceful and lives a prosperous and peaceful life.
But this happy period is not long. The three warlike and bloodthirsty gods were very jealous of the peaceful life of Kukulkan and his subjects, and felt that they were ignored by people, so they plotted to overthrow them. These three gods are the god of war Huiqiluo Boqiteli, the god of darkness Desktripoka and the demon god Trakhupan.
Under the leadership of Desktripoka, they applied witchcraft to Turan, the capital of the country. The god of darkness, dressed as a white headed old man, came to the palace of Kukulkan and said to the attendants:
"Please take me to see you Quetzalcoatl God, I want to talk to him for a few words. "
The guards advised him to leave because Kukulkan was unwell and could not receive visitors.
But the god of darkness urged them to tell the god king that he had come to heal the god king. The guards went in and told him on his behalf, and the god king allowed to meet him.
Into the Feather Snake God Palace Later, the crafty god of darkness pretended to be very concerned about the sick god king: "How is your illness?" He asked, "I specially brought you a miraculous medicine. If you drink it, you will get well!"
"You came at the right time," replied the Feathered Snake God King, "for many days, I have been thinking about your arrival. My illness is very serious, my whole body is affected, and my hands and feet are unable to move."
The god of darkness said to the king of the serpent god Drug pair The health of the Feathered Snake King is very good. The Feathered Snake God King drank some of the medicine and felt that his spirit had improved immediately. The treacherous Dark God persuaded the Feathered Snake God King to drink one cup after another. In fact, that medicine is the latest liquor brewed by the god of wine. Soon, the king of the feather snake god was drunk and left to his secret enemies.
For Desktripoka tequila After charmed the Plumed Serpent God, he decided to seduce the daughter of King Wimack, who ruled the worldly affairs of Tulan at the will of the Plumed Serpent God King. The dark god wants to destroy the foundation of the feather snake god king and his image in people's minds.
The god of darkness, disguised as a handsome Indian, came to the palace of Wemach under the pseudonym of Tu Weiyu.
Wiemak's daughter is very beautiful, and the king regards her as the apple of his eye, although there are many well matched Princes and nobility Go to propose, but they were rejected because they were not favored by the princess above the top. The princess saw Tu Weiyu in disguise by chance, and was attracted by his strong and wild naked body, which aroused the desire of men and women who had been suppressed for too long. Moreover, the fire was burning more and more, so that people were so fascinated that they could not sleep and eat and suffered from serious illness. After finding out the cause of his daughter, King Wilmark decided to summon the strange Tu Weiyu out of his love for her.
Tu Weiyu was brought to the king and pretended to be frightened and fell on the ground, saying:
"The villain deserved to die, but he made her seriously ill with his dirty body, which should be cut into pieces."
Wiemaker thought with great annoyance that if he killed the stranger, his daughter would surely die. He had to step back and say:
"In that case, what can you do to help my daughter recover?"
"The villain is neither a wizard nor a good doctor. Only this naked body can be driven by the princess." The crafty god of darkness said viciously.
Weimak thought that he had to do so. Mission Tuwei went to the princess's palace to wait on her. Soon, princess syndrome He recovered, and his face became more red, moist and beautiful. The story of lingering with Tu Weiyu in the palace all day long spread all over the palace. King Wilmark had no choice but to let them marry.
Tu Weiyu's strange relationship with the princess made all the subjects very dissatisfied. They often talk about: "How did the lovely princess marry a corrupt male prostitute? The son-in-law must be a demon, who specifically came to seduce the princess."
When he heard about the complaints of his subjects, Wimack was also deeply ashamed. In order to distract their attention, he was instigated by the God of Darkness and decided to fight against the neighboring Kot Punk.
The Toltecs were drafted into the army, fully armed, and actively prepared to wage war. When they came to Kete Punk, a neighbor who also believed in the god of the feather snake, they intended to let Tu Weiyu lead his attendants to lead the battle, hoping to kill him by the hand of the enemy. However, the God of Darkness and his subordinates made great efforts to conquer large areas of neighboring countries. Weimak held a grand celebration for Tuweiyu's victory. Tu Weiyu's head is inserted Indian The samurai's feathers and his body were painted with strange patterns of yellow and red in recognition of his outstanding combat achievements.
The god of darkness who was admired by people began to implement his second step plan.
In the name of King Wiemak of Tulan, he held a grand banquet in the city. He gathered young men and women from neighboring countries to attend the party, where they danced and sang with the drums, and made merry. Desktripoka sang a wonderful and beautiful tune and asked the people at the meeting to dance in accordance with his singing rhythm, so people danced faster and faster. At last, his steps were fast enough to drive them crazy. They involuntarily followed the rhythm of the song of death of the god of darkness, and rolled into a deep valley, becoming a messy stone.
Later, in the name of a warrior named Dekiwa, the god of darkness invited the residents of Tulan city and its suburbs to a place named "Hochitra" In the garden Go play. When people gathered together, he used his magic to urge a big Hoe They attacked them recklessly, slaughtered many people present, and the others who fled in fear trampled on each other, killing and injuring almost all.
Then, Desktripoka and his partner Trakhupan came to the largest market in Tulan City. There, on the palm of Desktripoka's hand was a very small baby. He asked him to dance and play magic on the palm. This baby is the god of war, Huiziluo Boqiteli. The Toltecs saw this strange cheap trick , all rushed to see it, and many people were trampled to death. This made the Toltecs (part of the Aztecs) very angry. They killed both the god of darkness and the god of war according to the trick of Trakhupan.
Who knows, after the death of these two gods, their bodies gave off a poisonous stench, which made thousands of Toltec people sick and died. So the demon god Trakhupan instigated people to throw away the corpse. But when people were ready to move the corpse, they found it was too heavy to move. They gathered hundreds of warriors to tie the body with ropes, but the rope broke when they pulled it. All those who pulled the rope fell to the ground and died.
Trakhupan's evil law made Toltec people in Tulan very distressed. They clearly saw that their country was declining in chaos, as if the end was coming.
The Feathered Snake God King was very disappointed and angry when he saw that his subjects had brought the country to this level under the instigation of the demon god. He decided to leave Tulan and return to his hometown, Trabalan. He set fire to all the palaces he had built and buried all his treasures. He makes the fields waste and the trees wither, Mammals Moving to the plateau in the south; He made the sun dim, and he ordered all the birds with full wings to leave the Annahuak Valley and follow him to the distant homeland.
He went all the way to a place called Guaotitland with a sad heart. One of his trees over there Under the big tree After a short rest, he asked the attendant to bring him a mirror.
He looked at his face in the mirror and shouted, "I'm old!" Then he walked forward again, accompanied by the musician who played the flute. When he was tired of walking, he sat down on a stone to rest. He left one on the stone fingerprint Later, people called it "fingerprint".
He met the gods who were against him at the place of Koapan.
"Where are you going?" They asked him unkindly. "Why did you leave your capital?"
"I'm going back to Trabalan," said the Feathered Snake King. "That's where I came from."
"Why do you want to go back?" those demon gods asked.
"I must go back to our father," replied the Feathered Snake God King. "One day, you must also go back there. At that time, I will return here!"
"Then you can go happily," they said, "but please teach us all the skills you know!"
"You don't need these, you will only destroy, bloodthirsty and war. People will need them only when I come from the sea one day," the Feathered Snake God King said proudly.
Then he went to the seaside and took a boat Sea serpent Drag the golden boat like a palace, and drive to Trabalan.

Artistic image

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Sculpture

Feathered Snake Statue
Quetzalcoatl Statue of God, 1450-1521. Feather snake is the god of creation believed by Maya people. The pattern of the small square in the middle is Hieroglyphics

Architecture

Chichen Itza site of an ancient city
Feather snake wind god
Located in southeastern Mexico Yucatan , from the capital of Yucatan Merida More than 100 kilometers. It is considered to be the most important city in the Mayan Toltec era. There are hundreds of ancient buildings Yucatan Peninsula Largest on Mayan Cultural Sites It is called "the hometown of the feather snake god". 1988 the United Nations UNESCO regards it as cultural heritage , included《 World Heritage List 》。 Chichen Itza ”On Mayan It means "the wellhead of the Itzha people". This is because there are two natural springs and waterfalls not far from the city of Qiqin Itza. As early as the fifth and sixth centuries, the Itza people settled near the two springs. Since then, it has been called Qiqin Itza. Feather snake Flying Snake The image of, or totem. The Plumed Snake God was a god worshipped by the ancient Mexican Indians, who was in charge of rain and harvest, as well as destruction.
Kukulcan Pyramid
The feather snake god came with the rainy season, and the rainy season coincided with the time when Mayans planted corn. Therefore, the Feather Snake God has become the most revered god of Mayan farmers, and is in the largest Mayan ancient city, Qicen Yiza, which remains today. There is a pyramid named after Kukulkan, the feather snake god. The pyramid of Kukulkan is for offering sacrifices to Chichen Itza Main God It gets its name. In Mayan legend, the god Kukulkan is considered to be them remote date It is said that he taught people astronomy, mathematics and technology, and formulated and promulgated laws. When the Mayans gained knowledge and established their country, Kukulkan boarded the spaceship turned into a snake and returned to their hometown outside the sky.
Kukulcan Pyramid It is the tallest building in the ancient city of Qiqin Itza, covering an area of about 3000 square meters. It is composed of the tower body and the temple, about 30 meters high, and the bottom of the tower is square , square symmetry, big bottom and small top, four edges and corners are clear. Pedestal Each side is 55.5m long and has 9 floors in total. It gradually shrinks upward to a trapezoidal platform, on which there is a square temple with a height of 6m. There are 91 steps on each side of the tower, and 364 steps on each side. With the top platform, it is exactly the number of days in a year. Each side of the tower is lined with 52 carved stone slabs, and the number 52 corresponds to a calendar cycle of the Maya people. This ancient building, after careful geometric design before construction, expresses accuracy And full of mystery Dramatic The effect of the Side wall It will form seven zigzag sections under the sunlight an isosceles triangle , together with the carved snake head at the bottom, it looks like a python Swimming towards the earth from the top of the tower symbolizes that the feather snake god wakes up at the spring equinox and climbs out of the temple. Each time, the illusion lasted for 3 hours and 22 minutes, minutes and seconds. This mysterious landscape is called“ Light and shadow snake ”。 The pyramid of Kukulkan is a wonderful demonstration of the Maya's knowledge of architectural geometry observatory , but also the combination of this superb geometry and Astronomical knowledge The performance was incisive.
The Samurai Temple of Chichen Itza
Qiqin Itza Maya City State Site
In the east of Kukulkan Pyramid, a magnificent four storey pyramid is called the Warrior Temple. In front and south of the temple are a large square or round stone pillars, named“ 1000 column group ”These stone pillars used to support huge palaces. The entrance to the Samurai Temple is carved from huge stones lie supine The figure of a man, which was called "Chacmore" by the ancient Maya, was backed by two plumed snake gods with big mouths open. Surrounding this area Central area There are many stone buildings in the old city of Qiqin Itza within a few kilometers around, all of which are relics of the same era. Compared with the ancient cities built earlier by the Mayans, the architecture of Chichen Itza, though later, is distinctive. It can also be said that this world-famous samurai temple was the most advanced masterpiece in the world at that time. Built in the 11th century AD, the temple is famous for its vast internal area. The dome shaped stone roof is supported by wooden lintels, which are placed on stone columns. The roof and lintel have disappeared, except for the stone columns and walls. The Samurai Temple is carved with extremely rich relief decorations. There are two slender serpentine pillars on the gate. The snake head is exquisitely carved. On the walls on both sides are reliefs of the dragon head and the snake body. On the top of both sides of the stairway are small statues of warriors. On the top of the stairs leading to the temple in the Samurai Temple, there is a figure called "Chakmur". Archaeological discovery shows that the Toltec people left many such stone sculptures on the Yucatan Peninsula. At that time, Chichen Itza's officiant at a religions service The heart of the sacrifice of living people may be placed on the reclining figure.