Qingzhou used to beChen Han12 GuozhongSilu。It developed into the Kingdom of Silla.SillaWith the help of the Tang DynastyBaekje andGoguryeo , saidJincheng。KoreaTaizu Wang Jian was renamedQingzhou、Tokyo。
In 1931, Qingzhou noodles were upgraded to Qingzhou County.In 1955, Qingzhou City was upgraded to Qingzhou City.In 1983, Qingzhou City and Qingzhou County merged.In the same year, the Grotto Nunnery and the Buddhist Temple were included in the heritage list.In 1995, as another cultural heritage, Qingzhou Historical Area was also included in the World Heritage List.
Geography
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Qingzhou City is located between 128 ° 58 ′ - 129 ° 31 ′ east longitude and 35 ° 39 ′ - 36 ° 04 ′ north latitude, bordering the East Sea of Korea in the east, Qingdaojun in the west, Ulsan Metropolitan City in the south, and Puhang City and Yongchuan City in the north.Qingzhou city is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with beautiful scenery.
Qingzhou is affected byContinental climateThe summer is affected by the marine climate. There are four distinct seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter. The temperature difference between cold and hot in the western region is relatively large. The average annual temperature is 12.2 ℃, the minimum temperature is - 11.9 ℃, the maximum temperature is 38.6 ℃, and the average annual precipitation is 1091mm.
Population area
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The population of Qingzhou is 292143 (the benchmark at the end of 1998), of which the urban population is about 150000.Qingzhou has a total area of 1323 square kilometers, with 4 towns, 8 sides and 13 holes under its jurisdiction.4 are Ganpu, Ankang, Ganchuan, and Waidong, 8 are Yangnan, Yangbei, Neinan, Shannei, West, Jiangu, Jiangdong, and North Sichuan, and 13 holes are central, Chengdong, Huangwu, Chengqian, Tazheng, Huangnan, Yuecheng, Xiantao, Longjiang, Huangcheng, Dongchuan, Buddhism, and Pude.
symbolize
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city flower
Forsythia suspensa is a deciduous and broad-leaved shrub of the ash family. It is not affected by the environment and soil quality, and is easy to grow. It is simple and warm. It is suitable for the local climate and is used for viewing, reflecting the infinite prosperity of the cultural tourism city Qingzhou.[4]
City tree
Pine is an evergreen tree, used as wood, edible and medicinal.It symbolizes the constant Hualang spirit, loyalty and other spirits of the citizens of Qingzhou, the ancient capital of Silla for thousands of years, who have realized the great cause of the unification of the three countries.[4]
City bird
Magpie, since ancient times, is an auspicious bird that reports good news. It coordinates with the city tree - pine tree, has a strong local flavor, and represents the simple feelings of citizens.[4]
scenic spot
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Qingzhou was the capital of the Silla Dynasty and the cradle of ancient Korean civilization. With a population of about 280000, it is a quiet city.There are royal tombs, stone towers, Buddha statues and temple sites in all mountains and valleys.If you don't go to the museum to explore the ancient times and only visit the ancient capital of Qingzhou, you are exploring the ruins of the splendid ancient culture. Therefore, Qingzhou is known as a "museum without walls".Main tourist attractions include Ancient Tomb Park, Buddhist Temple, Zhanxing Platform, Qingzhou Folk Arts and Crafts Village, Wuling, etc., of which the Buddhist Temple has been listed asWorld Cultural Heritage。[4]
education
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Qingzhou has produced many outstanding talents since ancient times, so it is called the treasure house of talents.Qingzhou has 164 schools with more than 711000 students, including 4 universities with more than 15000 students.
Economics
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Qingzhou is a world famous cultural tourism city, and also a city with a high proportion of agriculture and fishery.The cultivated area is 25029 hectares (18% of the total area), mainly producing rice, as well as economic crops such as cantaloupe and sweet persimmon.
Due to the superior natural environment, the livestock industry in Qingzhou has been developed since ancient times,Hanwoo The number of.Qingzhou is improving the competitiveness of the livestock industry and actively developing the production of products with high economic benefits. In addition, Qingzhou's barbecue is also famous throughout the country.
Qingzhou is a coastal city with a coastline of 33 kilometers. Although the coastal fishery resources are decreasing, the squid fishery is developing rapidly and has a good prospect.The main aquatic products are squid, small fish, stingray and abalone.Most fishing boats are small boats, mainly fishing in the offshore.Various fishery products produced in the pollution-free East China Sea are very popular throughout the country.
In addition to the traditionalAgriculture、Animal HusbandryandFisheriesIn addition, Qingzhou is also promoting the development of industry.Longjiang Industrial Zone with an area of more than 110000 square meters and an industrial zone with an area of 105000 square meters in the suburbs have been developed.In these industrial zones, fiber, auto parts and other products are mainly produced. There are 753 enterprises in Qingzhou with 20000 employees.Qingzhou, which has a history of thousands of years, is full of cultural relics and historic sites, with an annual tourist flow of 9.06 million people, including 505000 foreign tourists.
Travel?
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Gyeongju is the country that has maintained its rule for the longest time in the history of the Korean Peninsula——SillaThe capital of.Qingzhou represents the Silla Dynasty with a history of 992 years. Today, more than a thousand years later, it still shows its immortal historical value and reflects brilliant cultural light through the ancient and modern times.coverUNESCOQingzhou City, listed in the World Cultural Heritage List, has relics of the Silla era everywhere in its urban area. It is famous as the "Qingzhou Historical Relics Area", also known as the "museum without roof".Qingzhou city tour consists of three routes, and the scenic spots passing by include the most representative places in Qingzhou - the Buddhist Temple, the Stone Cave Nunnery, the Great Lingyuan (Tianma Tomb), etc.Line 1 is centered on the Buddhist Temple, mainly for sightseeing in the city;Line 2 takes the grotto nunnery as the center, mainly for sightseeing on the east coast;Route 3 is mainly to visit the Cave Nunnery, the Buddhist Temple and some scenic spots in the city.[5]
Buddhist Temple
Buddhist TempleIt is a grand ancient temple with lifelike statues of Bodhisattvas in it. As a national temple in the Silla era (BC57-935), it has experienced the glory of Silla for nearly a thousand yearsBuddhist cultureThe baptism of Buddhism is a precious Buddhist relic.In the 8th century AD, it was built with the highest architectural technology and artistry at that time. In 1995, it was included in the United Nations World Cultural Heritage together with the Grotto Nunnery.Different from other temples in South Korea, the Buddhist Temple is built on a 100 meter long stone.Below the stone is the "human world" and above it is the "Bodhisattva world".The ladder between the top and bottom is the "road" from the world to the nirvana where Bodhisattva is.There are many national treasures in the Buddhist Temple, the most representative of which are the Duobao Pagoda and Sakyamuni Pagoda in front of the Mahavira Hall.Both towers are made of stone after processing, which reflects the superb architectural technology of the Silla era.[5]
Buddhist Temple
Seokguram
Seokguram After passing through the Buddhist Temple and walking along the Tohan Mountain (745m above sea level) for about 8km, you can see the grotto nunnery on the top of Tohan Mountain.Grotto Nunnery is made of polished natural rocks and piled up. The round roof is piled with soil. The whole building looks like a cave, so it is called Grotto Nunnery.What is enshrined in the Nunnery is the statue of the Buddha, which was carved by the highest craft of Buddhist art in the 8th century when the Silla was unified.The Sakyamuni statue, which is carved from granite and is as smooth and delicate as silk outside, shows an expression that seems to remove all obstacles and temptations and make people realize in an instant. Its expression and posture are elegant and lifelike, as if it has injected endless vitality, which makes people marvel at it.The Buddha statue in the grotto nunnery faces the rising East China Sea. Koreans call the smiling Buddha statue bathed in the morning light "the smile of the Silla people".[5]
Seokguram
Daling Garden Tianma Tomb
Daling Garden/Tianma TombAmong the ancient tombs scattered in Qingzhou, the largest one is the Daling Garden, which is a collection of 23 Silla tombs.Today's Daling Garden has been transformed into a beautiful park. In the casual walk in the park, we have completed a historical journey of more than a thousand years.Among these tombs, only the "Tomb of King Weizou (the 13th King of Silla, reigned from 262 to 284)" has been identified as the owner. The most famous place in the cemetery is the "Tianma Tomb", which can be visited inside the tomb.In 1973, a picture of a heavenly horse (with a picture of a heavenly horse) was unearthed during the excavation, so the tomb was named "Tianma Tomb".The gold crown excavated here is the largest and most magnificent among the gold crowns unearthed, and is the most well-known symbol of the Silla eraSilagin Crown。Inside the Tianma Tomb, you can enjoy the layout of the tombs of the Silla period, as well as many funerary objects excavated.[5]
Daling Garden/Tianma Tomb
Gyeongju National Museum
Gyeongju National Museum Before starting your trip to Qingzhou, you'd better go to the National Qingzhou Museum to have a general understanding of the Silla era and its treasures.The National Qingzhou Museum is mainly composed of three permanent exhibition halls, namely, the Archaeological Museum, the Art Museum, and the Yanyachi Museum, and a special exhibition hall. It collects and displays nearly 3000 cultural relics represented by the No. 29 national treasure, the "Sacred Bell of King Shengde".In particular, on the second floor of the art museum where the Buddhist art of Silla is displayed, you can enjoy the masterpiece of art that expresses the long cherished wish of the Silla era - the nine storey wooden tower model of Huanglong Temple.[5]
Gyeongju National Museum
Bone Cave Temple
The Gukusi Temple is famous for the "Moya Buddha Sitting Statue (Suncut)", which is carved on the top of the steep rock wall and is up to 4 meters high.Although the rock wall is very steep, there is a special rope ladder that you can climb to the Buddha statue to enjoy.The Buddha statue carved in the 9th century has weathered away the part below the knee and the right hand of the Buddha statue after thousands of years of wind and sun exposure, but its distinctive facial expression still conveys some magical emotion to us. A glass ceiling has been specially set up for the Buddha statue to protect it.The Gukus Temple has also set up a special accommodation experience project that can experience Zen martial arts (traditional Buddhist practice), which is welcomed by tourists.[5]
Bone Cave Temple
Tourist routes
Line 1 ＞Departure time: 08:40, end time: 16:30
Qingzhou High speed Bus Station → Pumen Sightseeing Area (via) → Foguo Temple→Qingzhou Folk Arts and Crafts Village (Silla Historical Science Museum) → Fenhuang Temple → Tomb of General Jin Yuxin→Daling Garden (Tianma Tomb)→Gyeongju National Museum →Zhanxingtai → Qingzhou Expressway Bus Station
※ Qingzhou National Museum is closed on Monday, and the scenic spots on Monday are changed into Yanya Pond and Half Moon City.
Line 2 ＞Departure time: 10:00, end time: 16:40
Qingzhou High speed Bus Station → Pumen Sightseeing Area (via) → Gualing→Seokguram →Wenwu Wang Haizhong Mausoleum→Site of Thanksgiving Temple→Bone Cave Temple → Pumen Sightseeing Area (via) → Qingzhou Station → Qingzhou High speed Bus Station
Line 3 ＞Departure time: 10:00, end time: 18:00
Foguo Temple Tourism Consulting Office → Pumen Sightseeing Area (via) → Qingzhou Station (10:50) → Qingzhou High speed Bus Station (11:00) → Baoshiting Site→Daling Garden (Tianma Tomb)→Cheomseongdae →Seokguram →Foguo Temple → Pumen Sightseeing Area (via) → Qingzhou Station → Qingzhou High speed Bus Station[5]
Culture
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Qingzhou is rich in cultural heritage. The cultural relics in Qingzhou area account for 5.5% of the national total and 30% of Qingshang North Road.In addition, Qingzhou has perfect cultural facilities and rich cultural life, which has great cultural potential.
There are 392 cultural relics in Qingzhou, including 198 national cultural relics, 50 Taoist cultural relics and 144 others.The main cultural relics include the Grotto Nunnery and the Buddhist Temple designated as the world cultural heritage, as well as the Daling Garden, Wuling, Zhanxing Platform, National Qingzhou Museum, Yanya Pond, Half Moon City Site, Baoshi Pavilion, the Water Tomb of the Great King of Culture and Military, Nanshan Buddhist relics and sites.The Pumen Tourist Resort with comprehensive recreation and recuperation facilities is combined with cultural relics, with beautiful scenery.
Administrative system
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Qingzhou Municipal Government is the highest administrative organ of Qingzhou City, and Qingzhou Municipal Council is the highest legislative organ of Qingzhou City.The administrative organization consists of 4 bureaus, 22 divisions, 2 directly subordinate organs, 9 institutions, 4 cities, 8 sides and 13 holes. The total number of civil servants is 1506.
traffic
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Qingzhou map picture
Qingzhou maintains the appearance of an ancient capital, so the roads in the city are relatively narrow and complex, but the road network connecting Qingzhou with other cities is relatively complete.
Jingfu Expressway passes through Qingzhou. In addition, the southern line of the East China Sea and the central line of the railway also pass through Qingzhou, so the traffic environment in Qingzhou is very good.The Jingfu high-speed railway is under construction. When it is completed in a few years, it will only take about two hours to arrive from Qingzhou to Seoul, which will provide great convenience for tourists to and from Qingzhou.
On August 30, 2021, the Ministers of Culture of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea jointly announced that in 2022, Gyeongju, South Korea, was awarded the title of "City of East Asian Culture".[6]
