synonymBragg(British physicist) generally referring to William Henry Bragg
Sir William Henry Bragg (July 2, 1862 March 10, 1942), British physicist, modernSolid State PhysicsOne of the founders of.William Henry Bragg is the father of William Lawrence Bragg[1]。
William Bragg was born in England in 1862Wigton。He studied at Market Harborough Grammar School and King William College in Isle of Man, completing his pre university education.
In 1881, he won a scholarship to study in Trinity College of Cambridge UniversityEdward John RouthLearn mathematics under the guidance of.
In June 1884, he ranked third in the first part of the mathematics examination for top students. In early 1885, he entered the second part of the study. In the same year, he studied physics in the Cavendish Laboratory for a period of time.
Adelaide University
In 1885, William Bragg was employed as a professor of mathematical physics by the University of Adelaide, Australia, and formally took office in early 1886.Before that, he didn't have much knowledge of physics. In Adelaide, he learned a lot about physics, but it was after the age of 40 that he really involved in important research.
William Henry Bragg
In 1904, at a meeting of the Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science held by Dunedin, he served as the chairman of his group and published a paper Some Recent Advances in the Theory of the Ionization of Gases.Later, he continued his research on the basis of this paper and published his first book, Studies in Radioactivity, in 1912.
Shortly after the conference in 1904, he got some radium bromide and carried out relevant research. At the end of that year, he published a research paper on radium rays in Philosophical Magazine.
In 1907, he was elected to the Royal Society.
At the end of 1908, he resigned from Adelaide University.During his 23 years in this university, he witnessed the multiple growth of the number of students and made the greatest contribution to the development of his science school.
Leeds University
In 1909, William Bragg went to Leeds University as a Cavendish professor of physics.He continued his X-ray research here with great success.He invented the X-ray spectrometer and, together with his son William Lawrence Bragg, created a new academic field of analyzing crystal structure by X-ray.This technology will be applied laterDNA double helix structureThe discovery of.
In 1915, because of this achievement, father and son were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics together.
University College London
William Henry Bragg (right) and his son
In 1915, William Bragg was employed as Professor Quinn of Physics by University College London, but under the influence of the First World War, he did not begin to work until the end of the war.During the war, he mainly served the British government and conducted research on submarine detection.
In 1918, he returned to London as an adviser to the Naval Command.After resuming his work in the university, his main research is still crystal structure analysis.
Royal Institute Period
Since 1923, he has become the Fullrian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institute and the Director of the Davy Faraday Research Laboratory.Under his leadership, the laboratory published a large number of valuable papers.
In 1935, he was electedRoyal SocietyPresident of.[1]
Research institutions: Adelaide University (1886-1908), Leeds University (1909-1915), University College London (1915-1923), Imperial Institute
William Henry Bragg and his sonWilliam Lawrence Bragg Through the study of X-ray spectrum, the crystal diffraction theory is proposed, the Bragg formula (Bragg law) is established, and the X-ray spectrometer is improved.
1915The nobel prize in physicsHenry Prague of the University of London and his son Lawrence Prague of the University of Victoria in Manchester, England, were awarded the award in recognition of theirX-rayContribution to the analysis of crystal structure.The name Prague is almost synonymous with modern crystallography.[1]
He was also awarded the Order of Commander (C.B.E., 1917), the Order of Grand Commander (K.B.E., 1920) and the Order of Merit (O.M., 1931) by the British royal family.
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Sir William Henry Bragg (1862-1942), a British physicist, is one of the founders of modern solid state physics.In his early years, he studied mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge, and served as a student at the University of Adelaide in Australia and the University of Leeds in EnglandUniversity of LondonProfessor, became the president of the Royal Society in 1940.At the same time, as an outstanding social activist, he was a man of the moment in British public affairs in the 1920s and 1930s.
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The grammar school and King William College he attended have buildings named after him as a memorial to this outstanding graduate.
Since 1992, the Australian Physical Society has set up an annual award for the best doctoral thesis in physics in the country, and awarded the author of the best thesis "The Bragg Gold Medal for Excellence in Physics". This medal was named in memory of the father and son of Prague.
In June 2012, Biography of Prague was published. Biography of Prague: One of the winners of the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics tells the story of William Henry Bragg's ordinary and great life.[2]
